ELECTRONIC TECH N IC - worldradiohistory.com

ELECTRONICTECH N IC

Including

SERVICEMagazine

STEREO1961

;jø?

September 1960

Burlan browne adv.-rtising

THERE'S ONLY ONE RIGHT WAYA fuse caddy for your tube caddy: 18 individual compartments for fingertip selection. The fuse caddyis complete with the 15 boxes of fuses required to service 93% of all TV sets. Three spare compartmentsare provided for additional fuses of your own selection.

LITTEESUSE Des Plaines, M.

ELECTRONICTECHNICIAN

World's Largest Electronic Trade Circulation

Including

SERVICEMagazine

ALBERT J. FORMAN Editor

ARTHUR P. SALSBERG Managing EditorJACK HOBBS Technical Editor

B. V. SPINETTA Assistant Editor

HARVEY WETZLER Assistant Editor

ROBERT TALL Washington Editor

HENRY SCHWARTZ Contributing Editor

C. F. DREYER Consultant Art Director

M. FARRIS Editorial Assistant

Address all mail to480 Lexington Ave., New York 17, N. Y.

Telephone YUkon 6-4242

HOWARD A. REED Publisher

BUSINESS DEPARTMENT

C. HENNESSYNew England Sales Manager

R. L. KIPP

N. McALLISTERM. RUBIN

Regional ManagerProduction ManagerCirculation Manager

J. PREVET Asst. Circulation Manager

M. KANE Accounting Manager

A. MOYLAN Accounting Supervisor

P. H. DEMPERS JR. Regional Manager10 E. Huron St., Chicago 11, III.

Telephone Michigan 2-4245

CHRIS DUNKLE & ASSOCIATESCalifornia Representative

740 S. Western Ave., Los Angeles 5, Calif.Telephone DUnkirk 7-6149

420 Market St., San Francisco 11, Calif.Telephone SUtter 1-8854

BERNIE EDSTROM Regional Manager15605 Madison Ave., Cleveland 7, Ohio

Telephone LAkewood 1-7900

JOHN R. KIMBALL & CO.Mountain States

420 Market St., San Francisco 11, Calif.Telephone DOuglas 2-9183

ABCo

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN & Circuit Digests,including Service, September, 1960. Vol. 72,No. 3. $.50 a copy. Published monthly byElectronic Technician, Inc. Publication office,Concord, N. H. Editorial, advertising andexecutive offices, 480 Lexington Avenue,New York 17. Telephone YUkon 64242.

Second-class postage paid at Concord,N. H., September 5, 1960. Subscriptionrates: United States and Canada, 54.00for one year; 56.00 for two years;58.00 for three years. Pan American andforeign countries: 57.00 for one year; 510.00for two years; 514.00 for three years. Copy-right 1960 by Electronic Technician, Inc.,New York. H. Reed, President; A. Forman,Executive Vice -President. Title registered inU. S. Patent Office. Reproduction or reprint-ing prohibited except by written authoriza-tion of publisher. Printed in U.S.A. by Rum-ford Press.

4 For more data, circle 9-C2-1 on cou-pon, p. 78

FRONT COVER

September, 1960

Growth of stereo and sound equipment has been

stimulated by numerous technical refinements, including-reverberationsystems, speaker innovations, cartridge and tonearm developments, andtape, changer, turntable improvements. STEREO 1961 technical articlesand Buyers Directory of Manufacturers & Products offer assistance to

service dealers. STEREO 1961 starts on page 79.

ELECTRONICTECHNIC11i

STEREO1961

FEATURES and ARTICLES

"STEREO 1961," Industry Dilemma (Editorials) 33

"Tuning in the Picture" 34

How to Correct Manufacturers' Printed Wiring DefectsJack Kalterackus 36

Industry Dilemma-Distributor Retail Sales Albert J. Forman 38

Harold West 40Improve TV Performance with Trap AdjustmentsHow Technical Security Equipment Louis E. Garner, Jr. 42

Building a Technical Library 46

"Tough Dog" Corner A. J. Krukowski, C. 8. Randall 55

Shop Hints S. Block, F. M. Dickinson, M. E. West 62

New Products 65

Free Literature 78

STEREO 1961 79-128(See STEREO 1961 Table of Contents on page 81)

DEPARTMENTS

Editor's Memo

Letters to the Editor

Calendar of Coming Events

News of the Industry

Functions

6 Reps. & Distrs. 60

8 Catalogs & Bulletins 60

35 Association News 68

58 New Books 72

CIRCUIT DIGESTS Preceding Back Cover

IN THIS ISSUE(16 pp. latest schematics & data)

ANDREA: TV Chassis VRT-123 Series

ELECTROHOME, Canada: TV ModelsBreton, Breton "A", Burnaby

MOTOROLA: TV (Transistorized) TVChassis TS -432

PHILCO: Transistor Portable Radio,Model T-66

RCA: TV Chassis KCS131 Series

TANDBERG: Tape Recorder, 4 -track,Model 5

For more data, circle 9-3-1 on coupon, p. 78 >

clear

as

a

"bell"...

CDE rotors get

the biggest customer reception!CD Rotors have the power to end yourservice problems ... because they are de-signed with a direct line of power thatout performs them all. Even in the storm-iest, snowiest areas, you can just installthem and forget them. CD Rotors giveclear -as -a -"bell" reception that's trouble -free, longer lasting, require no call-backs.So order your CD Rotors today ... you'llshout their praises from the roof -tops!Write for Catalog #1630 to Cornell-Dubilier, South Plainfield, New Jersey.

CORNELL- DUBILIERELECTRONICS DIVISIONFederal Pacific Electric Company

Harry Greenberg, distinguished antenna authority, and Chief Engineer of Chance; Master's Electronic Development Laboratories.

Mr. G,, take a bow!You've put more power into the most

powerful of all fringe area antennas!New 10 -Element T -W Ingeniously combines 6 ofChannel Master's famous T -W hairpin dipoles with4 parasitic low band and co -linear high bandelements. Reaches new highs in gain and front -to -back ratios.

Strongest Mechanical Construction Hundreds ofthousands of installations over a four year periodprove conclusively that the T -W ís the strongestantenna ever made.

New Low Band Director and Reflector System Increases gain up to 21/2 db more than a 7 -elementT-W-a 78% power increase!New High Band Co -Linear Elements Add 20% tothe T -W's high band gain. The co -linear reflectorand director are each actually 3 half -wave ele-ments placed end to end.

Heavy-duty Weatherproof Harness Won't let rainor salt air impede reception.

For more dato, circle 9-4-1 on coupon, p. 78

NEW 10 -ELEMENT

CHANNEL MASTER®(1) f'¿2[727

$599;5slight!, higher in Canada.

MODEL NO, 358The new fringe area record -holder.

l00%

75%

50%

25%

0°fo

How the new Super T -W out-

performs the 7- element T -W

Illustrates only the difference between the twoantennas on each channel, not their total gain...III...11

1111-1 i

71 I I I rrrl r712 3 4 5 6 7 8

CHANNEL

NOW THERE ARE 4For every problem... for every area... PICK A T- W!

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10 11 12 13

See your Channel Master distributor for details on spectacular new promotion!

for Multi -set TV -FMHome Operation ...

Bright Profit Outlook for YOU with

NEWJE 1RO LO

HSA-43

Amplified 3 SET COUPLERHere's a new precision -perfectedamplifier that provides 5 DB min.gain across all TV -FM channelson two outputs and no loss inthe third output. Housed in arugged, compact and handsomecase. The HSA-43 featuressingle tube operation (6DJ8),A.C. interlock and no -strip twinlead terminals. Its excellentisolation and match prevents setinteraction and ghosting. IDEALFOR FEEDING ONE FM AND TWO TVSETS FROM THE SAME ANTENNA.

JERROLD

529.95 list

TYPICAL APPLICATIONS

át)2 TV and1 FM Set 3 TV Sets

ElOne TV and One TV orone FM Set one FM Set

Write Jerrold today for full de-tails on this new Profit Outlook!

ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, Distributor Sales DivisionDept. IDS -70, Philadelphia 32, Pa.Jerrold Electronics (Canada) Limited, Toronto

Export Representative: CBS International, New York 22, N.Y.

LEADER AND LARGEST MANUFACTURER OF TV DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM EQUIPMENT

For more dato, circle 9-6-1 on coupon, p. 78

Editor'sMemo

The legal eagles are at it again,dropping tidbits of advice on how con-sumers should protect themselvesagainst predatory TV technicians.

In an article in the July 23rd issueof TV Guide, Louis J. Lefkowitz, At-torney General of New York State, ad-vised TV set owners to protect them-selves against group repair firms byfollowing these six rules:

1. Don't permit your set to be takenfrom your home for repairs withoutreceiving a written estimate of thecost of repairs.

2. Obtain written assurance that noadditional repairs will be made unlessyou agree and that if you do not wishthe "extra" repairs, the set will be re-turned immediately.

3. Never sign a contract withoutreading it carefully.

4. Never sign a repair contractwhich contains blank spaces. Hundredsare victimized in this way every day.

5. Never sign a statement that thework is done when it is not. You mayhave to pay for an unfinished job.

6. dealing with an unknownrepair service, check with your cham-ber of commerce, better business bu-reau, or repairmen's association.

What irritates me most is the firstrule, which requires a written estimatebefore the set is taken from home tothe shop. Of course, this can frequentlybe done. But how about the many,many times when the technician can-not be sure which component is de-fective? A shop examination is oftennecessary.

The story is told of three menon a boat which sank-a technician, aneditor, and a lawyer. Floating in thewater, they saw an island a short dis-tance away, and started to swimtoward it. They were intercepted by aschool of sharks.

The first one to meet the sharks wasthe technician. He was gobbled upimmediately. So was the editor.

Finally, the lawyer approached theschool of sharks, and miraculouslythey opened a path for him to swimunharmed to shore.

A man on shore who witnessed theevent excitedly asked the lawyer howcome the sharks devoured the techni-cian and the editor, but let the lawyerpass untouched.

The attorney looked at the man andsaid, "Professional courtesy, youknow."

ceFor more data, circle 9-7-1 on coupon, p. 78

6 ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960

where others fizzle ...this one

SIZZLES!IFE111t4.11111i1111

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It's a 2 -in -I radio: Trim portable in smart

"sling" case Home table mocel

new CHANArEL MASTER8 transistor "super fringe"

The most sensitive transistor radio ever made!

FREE LionelElectric Train SetDealers:

Get a big 42 -piece LIONELElectric Train Set (wcrth$75.00) with your order foronly 10 assorted ChannelMaster radios at regular price.A fabulous pre -Christmasdeal. Ask your Channel Mas-ter Distributor for : ull detailsabout the "Main Line" pro-motion. Limited titre only.

R F amplification stage 3 - gang tuning condenser

New fringe area circuit Extra long built-in ferrite antenna

Highest signal-to-noise ratio Easy, precise vernier tuning

King-size 31/á' speaker Plays for almost one year on a set

of ordinary flashlight batteries (Based on average daily use)

The astonishing performance of this newradio is another reason why the dealer whofeatures Channel Master gets ahead-andstays ahead-of his competition.

$ 59 VsSIhily h eh.. In onnAo,

CHANNEL MASTER works wonders in sight and sound A v

For Push -Pull AND Push -PushSwitch Type Controls

itall

adds

Look at the figures -78% of the TV, radio andhi-fi sets now being produced utilize push-pull orpush -push controls! Only CENTRALAB gives you acomplete line of replacements for them -35 push-pulls, plus the only push -push units available!To multiply your choice, these CENTRALAB switch -type controls are divided into 4 types-Adashaft,Universal Shaft, Fastatch or dual concentrics, andTwin types for stereo. Whatever kind you need,you can be sure your CENTRALAB distributor has it.For a complete accounting on these push-pull andpush -push controls, ask your distributor forBulletin 42-936 or write us for your free copy.

THE ELECTRONICS DIVISION OF GLOBE -UNION INC.

ma EAST KEEFE AVENUE MILWAUKEE 1, WISCONSIN

CENTIALAB CANADA LIMITED-AJAX. ONTARIO

ELECTRONIC SWITCHES VARIABLE RESISTORS CERAMIC CAPACITORSPACKAGED ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS ENGINEERED CERAMICS

For more data, circle 9-8-1 on coupon, p. 788

LETTERSTo the Editor

Comments on Boosters

Editor, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN:We would like to add a note of cau-

tion to the article, "Boosters for AilingCRT's," in the July issue, by pointingout that the author's statement to theeffect that no damage can result to thepicture tube by installation of an in-correct booster, applies only to 6.3v,.600A heaters. Tubes with seriesstring heaters of the controlled warm-up group, particularly the low voltagetype, can be quickly destroyed, or ac-quire heater -cathode shorts, from anincorrect booster. As a further note,we question the practice of puttingmore than one booster on a TV set.Most booster transformers have aregulation characteristic such thatthere may result no greater out-put for two in cascade than with asingle unit, since the load on the firstbooster, presented by the second,greatly exceeds the rated design load.This practice may even be dangerousdue to overheating of the boostertransformer.

RICHARD GOLDSTEIN,Chief Engineer

Perma-Power Co.Chicago, Ill.

The article on CRT boosters is apip. For this questionable cure, a cus-tomer pays a service charge, plus theprice of the booster, sits down in frontof his TV and tries to convince him-self that he actually has a better pic-ture. The picture tube never has theoriginal brightness or contrast of anew CRT. It all takes me back to theera of reactivating 201A radio tubeswhich I always felt was for the birds.It's true that occasionally there issome change for the better, but I havefound that at best this is temporary.The old picture tube, my friend, isjust plain worn out. The customerwould do a much wiser thing to putthe $8 or $10 toward the price of anew tube. There is one glaring truththe world over, whether it be in elec-tronics, shoes, clothing, or food-WEGET JUST EXACTLY WHAT WEPAY FOR.

HERBURT F. TAYLORHazardville, Conn.

Possibly because of space limita-tions, mention of the fact that in addi-tion to Mr. Jarmolow's words (re-vamped) : "Once the extra heat gen-erated by the increased currentthrough the heater melts away andbreaks through this film of ionizedgas and the electrons are released and

(Continued on page 10)

For more data, circle 9-9-1 on coupon, p. 78ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960

They're so good, we bring them toyou on a Silver Platter (a real one!)

Good News:Channel Master more than DOUBLESits line of replacement tube types

How would you best describe Channel Master tubes?Most dealers use the word "dependable". Dependableuniformity, dependable performance, dependable long life.

And now, with the addition of many new tube types,you can make Channel Master your first choice in over75% of all service calls! Find out for yourself why ChannelMaster Premium Quality tubes have become America'sfastest growing line.

!

FREE! Genuine Wm. RogersHolloware Service

Luxurious, beautiful Silverplate ... made by Inferna.tional Silver Company.Well & Tree Platter 16" Round TrayChip 'N Dip Dish Double Vegetable DishGet the piece of your choke, free, with each purchaseof only $55.00 in Channel Master tubes, plus one Chan-nel Master transistor radio. Tell your distributor howmany holloware sets you'd like before Christmas.

(Continued from page 8)

picture detail is restored"-thereshould have been added :-"The CRTbooster should be removed-the wayis cleared for better electron flowand should hold up very nicely; un-less the pic tube has a "slow leakage"wherein the residual gas layer willeventually return to the cathode andbring about the same situation asabove. If the CRT booster is not re-moved in the case of the "clear chan-nel electron emission" the picture willblossom and bloom, the brightness,and contrast controls will have no ef-

feet on controlling the emissions (si-milarly to what occurs in the mercuryrectifier when grid loses control). Thisis the sign the technician looks for todiagnose the tube condition.

One of two steps can be taken. Ad-vise the customer when the "all clear"condition exists that his tube is leaky,charge them for a rejuvenation job,and advise that the pic tube will haveto be replaced eventually as this is acontinuing condition with possibilityof becoming worse. Or sell a boosterif they think they're "do-it-yourself-ers" so that they may rejuvenate thetube (burn off the ionized residual gas

NOW!one Britenerfor A L Lseries stringheaters

MODEL C412 VU-BRITE110° Button Base-SeriesALL Filament Voltages$1.75 net

MODEL C403 VU-BRITEDuodecal Base --SeriesALL Filament Voltages$1.12 net

MODEL C411 VU-BRITE110° Button Base-ParallelALL Filament Voltages$1.49 net

MODEL C311 UNIVERSAL110° Button Base -6.3 VoltsSeries or Parallel$2.98 net

all available from yourPerma-Power Distributor

N e w Imta,-17owelt, unitguards againstpicture tube

damagecaused by

excessive powerboost

When you're trying to brighten a 110° button basepicture tube, watch those series heaters! Many of thenewer sets have controlled warm-up filaments withratings of 2.34 and 2.68 volts. (Older sets are usuallyrated at 6.3 volts.)These new tubes use finer heater wire and closerelement spacings-which makes them more efficient,but more fragile. Too much power boost will "blow"these low voltage filaments!

On these newer tubes, you can not safely use aBritener made for older sets. But you can use thenew Perma-Power Model C412 on these and olderstyle tubes. For the first time, here's one Britenerfor all 110° button base series string heaters-theonly Britener that works properly for 2.34, 2.68,4.70, 6.3 and 8.4 volt filaments! No switching nec-essary-no adjustments required.The Model C412 Vu-Brite is one of four newPerma-Power Briteners, all engineered to fit properlyand work properly. Without excessive inventory,Perma-Power-and only Perma-Power-can nowassure you of complete coverage-a Britener that'sright for every picture tube in general use today.

k,, et", COMPANY3104 NORTH ELSTON AVENUE CHICAGO 18, ILLINOIS


by installing the booster temporarilyand turning the set on until the pietube blossoms and blooms). This proc-ess takes but a few minutes. (Mosttechs would frown on this practice,but the call-backs would be no doubthurting his financial condition, hisbuilt-up prestige, with the customerand in general become a headache.)Therefore, the solution could possiblyconsist of the installation of a built-in on/off switch within the booster-or the tech could install a DPDTswitch himself on the perforated fiberboard back panel so that the customercould cut in or out the booster when-ever he feels the need for it . . . thusthe switching keeps the customer'shands off the inside of the set (pos-sibly saving his life) and give the"do-it-yourselfer" a feeling of truly"controlling" the whole situation.

NORM G. GIGNAC'Lectric-Onics WorkshopBrooklyn, N. Y.

Author Jarmolow replies: "Mr. Gig-nac is quite correct in that a boostercould be removed in those cases wherethe only difficulty lies in the film ofionized gas covering the cathode.However, my personal experience hasbeen that in most cases this difficultyarises in combination with othercauses for lack of emission and thatthe booster can be safely left at-tached. I have made extensive tests onbrand new CRT's with booster at-tached in order to plot the results ofvarious voltages on the filaments. Inno case have I noticed any lack ofcontrol of brightness or contrast. Itis gratifying that a person of suchevident technical competence as Mr.Gignac took the trouble to commenton our work."-Ed.

More on Distributor Gulch

Editor, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN:Regarding your May editorial,

"Showdown at Distributor Gulch," andthe postscript in July, in my opinionthese are of a selfish and short-sight-ed nature. The only excuse that I canfind for these editorials is that youare catering, for your own profit, to agroup of people who cannot see beyondtheir cash registers. The TV andradio servicemen constitute a smallpart of the electronics industry. Tolegislate an artificial market andprofit for them would be detrimentalto all others and would have the effectof reducing the general interest inelectronics. As I see it, there are manymarginal operators who, through lackof technical or business ability, feela need to blame some one other thanthemselves for their poor profitshowing. You capitalize on this in-stead of offering the real help to thesepeople which you are in a position torender. These service people whomyou encourage to gripe about thewholesaler do everything they can toavoid paying retail prices for the

(Continued on page 18)For more data, circle 9-11-1 on coupon, p. 78

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960

"BEST OF ALL CONTACT SPRAYS"AS REPORTED BY INDEPENDENT PRODUCT -TESTING LABORATORY

Shield A B C D E F G H I

lubrication After RubbingFor 90 Sec. GOOD Fair

Very

Poor Poor Good Poor

Very

Poor Good Poor Fair

Cleaning After Rubbing

For 90 Sec. GOOD Good Good Good Good Fair Poor Good Fair Poor

Protection After 30 Sec.

Exposure to H2S Gas GOOD Fair Fair Good Good Fair

Very

Poor Good

Very

Poor Good

Protection After 2 Hours

Exposure to H2S Gas BEST -* -*2nd

Best

5th

Best -* -*3rd

Best -*4th

Best

Flash

CharacteristicsNone at

v200 F. - * - * Greatesttendency

Boils at70°F.

Tendencyto ignite -* -* Tendency

to ignite - *Slight

tendencyto ignite

Attack On

Plastic Material

r

NO -* -* Yes** Yes** - -* Yes** -* Yes**

Channel Master introduces the first triple -action spray!

Channel Master set out to provide a superiorcleaner, lubricant, and protector for electrical con-tacts. Contact Shield was the result.

To verify our own estimates of the product's ef-fectiveness, Contact Shield was submitted to a na-tionally known independent testing laboratory.

This famous testing organization made a thor-ough study of Contact Shield, as well as of ninesimilar products on the market. The above findingsdemon strate conclusively that this new ChannelMaster product is the most reliable contact sprayyou can buy!

Here's whyContact Shield is best:

provides the most long-lasting protection

e eliminates background and resistance noises

is safer. Will not ignite, flash, or cause short circuits ...propellant is actually a fire extinguisher

contains no solvents to attack plastics

performs at temperatures from - 95°F. to + 320°F.

CHANNEL MASTER works wonders in sight and soundEllenville, New York

Not tested fur-ther followingsub -standard per-formance in 30 -second exposuretest.

**Presence of sol-vents and chlori-nated hydrocar-bons.

shiéCLEAN` andLUBRICATES'PROTECTS CON

ELECTRIC ALof ALL

?YPES

t

In the completeBUSS line ...

you can quickly find the right fuse andfuseholder to meet every demand!

Dual -element "slow -blowing",single -element "quick -acting" andsignal or visual indicating type fuses... plus a companion line of fuseclips, blocks and holders . . . areavailable from one source - BUSS.You'll save time and trouble byturning first to BUSS when youneed fuses and fuseholders.

To safeguard against `kicks' orcomplaints, every BUSS fuse istested in a sensitive electronic de-

vice. Any fuse not correctly cali-brated, properly constructed andright in all physical dimensions isautomatically rejected to assure de-pendable protection under all ser-vice conditions.

Your customers know and preferBUSS fuses. The universal trade andconsumer acceptance of BUSS fusesis based on the millions upon mil-lions of BUSS fuses used in homes,on farms and in industry over thepast 46 years. Handling Known

brands, such as BUSS fuses, helpsprotect your reputation for service,- and the dependability of BUSSfuses safeguards you against costly,unnece-wry call-backs.

For more information on BUSSand FUSETRON small dimensionfuses and fuseholders ... Write forbulletin SFB.

BUSSMANN MFG. DIVISION,McGraw -Edison Co.

University at Jefferson, St, Louis 7, Mo.

960

BUSS fuses are made to protect - not to blow, needlessly.BUSS makes a complete line of fuses for home, farm, commercial,

electronic, electrical, automotive and i'dustrial use.

r SELECTRICAL PRO 'EC IION

101 rROSIWORTNI 'METES IN-

12For more data, circle 9-12-1 on coupon, p. 78


Again this Fal

i

YES, turn your old,burned out tubes intocash by trading themin on new Philco tubesyou use every day.Last spring youtold us it was "onehumdinger of anoffer"-so nowit's back!

i

i

U c

FS INTOSee your

PH I LCODistributor!

dy populardemand,"one

humdingerof an offer"is back!

sit -,/ ``Ni r0

nll old tubes you bang

ASN ,--

LIMITEDTIME

01) J

J

1^,

Round up your old tubes, and turn them into cashon this "bigger than ever" trade-in offer. For years,Philco has led the industry with TUBE RACKET -SMASHING CAMPAIGNS to help knock out thetube racketeers. Don't buy another tube until youSEE YOUR PHILCO DISTRIBUTOR.

ONLYa . BUT no limit on the number of

old tubes you can trade inFor more data, circle 9-13-1 on coupon, p. 78

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960 13

A rowth of the entire Electronic

1.111111Induaiiyirsts

HOW MANY SERVICE TECHNICIANS REFIRST BATTERY PORTABLE RADIO . .

o 0

1

ntroduced to the industryby Philco 22 years ago? It opened up a whole new business. Thirtymillion portables in use today represent a giant service market.

It's just one example of increased profit opportunities for you, resulting

from Philco creative engineering through 30 years of electronic progress.

Similarly, the proven reliability of Philco parts, tubes and accessories

protects your profits, and builds good will.

For all your servicing needs, look to

P H I L C O THE FIRST NAME IN ELECTRONICS

...THE LAST WORD IN Q U A L 1 TY

SEE YOUR PH I LCO DISTRIBUTORFor more data, circle 9-14-1 on coupon, p. 78

Service Business is reflected

S

1stPortable Battery RadioIntroduced by Philco in

1938The first self -powered Portable Battery Radio -inventedby Philco -created a sensation when it was put on salein 1938. It's shown above -the famous Model 71T. Itwas the same year that Philco invented and introduced -

11/2 Volt Battery Farm Radio Wireless Remote Control

-two more famous Philco Industry Firsts!

PHILCO Accessory DivisionWORLD-WIDE DISTRIBUTIONService Parts Power -Packed Batteries UniversalComponents Long -Life Tubes Heavy -Duty Rotors .Star -Bright 20/20 Picture Tubes Long -Distance An-tennas Appliance Parts Laundry Parts UniversalParts and Accessories

PH I LCOa/7noue ¿or Qua .ií, fiie 2li4( Orem

IWIP :EWES111ffillar 1111110»

Spotlights you for quality TV service right whendemand hits its peak! The year's top business,

profit -builder for technicians!

All 55 million TV owners will want their setsto be in first-class condition when the umpirecalls "Play ball!" The neighborhood technicianwhom owners know best will be the one to bene-fit. Don't miss this profit opportunity! GeneralElectric is going all-out to help you-by tellingWorld Series fans whom to call, where to go forfast, reliable TV check-up. To the technicianwho installs G -E tubes! He's the best! And justaround the corner!

Long before the first day's pitchers have beennamed, G -E displays and promotions will bepulling customers into your shop. Once playstarts, fans in most large cities will receive fre-quent radio reminders that you are ready toserve them fast and well. Go World Series withGeneral Electric! Get ready for a B -I -G twoweeks of business! See your G -E tube distribu-tor! Distributor Sales, Electronic ComponentsDiv., General Electric Company, Owensboro, Ky.

f#I1'F,f,f##f#Ç`Y/TJY,o,fØç,%ff.í

GO WORLD SERIESto ring up

service dollars!Timely, high -impact display items likethese will draw more customers to yourshop, pay off in stepped -up income.General Electric has ready for youmany other World Series displays,advertising helps, and novelties, all newand exciting. See them today at yourGeneral Electric tube distributor's!

call us for our SPBCL41 "CD5BRZ TINA¡gyp

YJ,'1!') 11 ;f /_ ¿Ij

with`f &

tubes

se tubes

Progress /s Our Most Important Product

GENERAL ELECTRIC311.403


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SYLV IASubsidiary of GENERAL TELEPHONE & ELECTRON/CS (c+)

(Continued from page 10)goods and services they consume. Forexample, in general they will do autotune up work, paint their own shopsand homes, and make repairs on theirplumbing.

FRANK T. UPHAMOrinda, Calif.

. . . I agree that it would be a won-derful thing if we could stop distribu-tors from selling to anyone who walksin. I have often wondered how itcould be done and your article givesme an idea. The only way it could bedone is for the service technicians toorganize and put it on the line to thedistributors and let them know thatunless they cease such sales, we willnot patronize them. I think you willfind it worse in the east where wehave so many distributors. I was inthe TV business in Colorado Springsfor six years and there we only hadtwo distributors. Never did a sales-man call on the shop. If you called in,they would bring your order out. Ifyou did not have a retail license inelectronics, you did not buy anythingwholesale because the distributorsknew that their bread and buttercame from us service dealers. Theonly exceptions were the hams andcivil defense workers. The distribu-tors and service organizations wouldgive them 20% off list. So I just tookit for granted. I did not realize howmuch that helped the service shopsuntil I came back to N. C. this yearand set up a service shop. Here Inever have to leave the place of busi-ness to get an order. I have about adozen distributors calling on me everyweek and every one of them, if I getout my invoices and show them,will beat the other one's price. Everyone of them will sell to anyone thatwalks into their place. Some of themsay they will only sell to the ones thathave licenses, but they fail to statewhat kind of license. I am personallygoing to take your article and workon the service shops in this area. Ibelieve I can get some results becauseI have been a member of the IBEWfor 14 years and I know the impor-tance of organizing. Please renew mysubscription and keep up the goodwork.

GraniteGranite

TED MORTONQuarry ElectronicsQuarry, N. C.

. . Our principal parts supplier isLampley Radio Co. of Benton, Ill. Wehave been dealing with this firm forsome ten years and have never knownthem to sell anything at wholesaleprice to anyone not a recognized mem-ber of the trade. They will, however,occasionally sell merchandise at retailto a customer and rebate the retailmarkup to the service dealer withwhom the customer would normallydo business! We have two other sup-pliers whose operations, while notparticularly objectionable, are not



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quite as clean as the one mentionedabove. Suppliers who play the gamesquarely will continue to get the lion'sshare of our orders and "mail orderhouses" are definitely out!

ROBERT C. MARSHALL,Manager

Television Equipment Co.West Salem, Ill.

For distributor and service associ-ation comments, see the article, "In-dustry Dilemma-Distributor RetailSales," in this issue.-Ed.

Now Hear This

Editor, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN:We have sent an open letter to

Louis J. Lefkowitz, Atty. General ofthe State of N. Y. In part our letterstates: We as an organization readyour article in "TV Guide" July 23-29, 1960, with considerable interest.Are you a technician? Are you quali-fied to be an expert in the TV field?First, about the Radarex-Tenna. TVrepairmen did not manufacture thisgadget and the manufacturer who did,should have tried same and knownwhat he was foisting on the public.Why include this in your indictmentof the TV repairmen? As for the re-pairman removing manufacturer'smarkings from inferior tubes and sub-stituting the trademarks and labelsof leading brand -name manufactur-ers, would you please tell us where wecould get such labels and markings?A leading brand -name tube has itsmarkings stamped on the plastic partof the picture tube. How do we fakethat? You say, don't permit your setto be taken from your home for re-pairs without receiving a written es-timate of the cost of repairs. We musthave special training to become agood technician. If we could tell bylooking at the set without using ourequipment, we surely would not spendthousands of dollars to buy somethingwe did not need.

We feel that the TV servicemanhas a very tough row to hoe, and in-stead of fostering more distrust andill will, why don't you tell the publicthat the TV men are doing a job tothe best of their ability. We all makemistakes or err in judgment at times,but so does everyone else.

CLARENCE S. ECK,President

Lehigh Valley ElectronicsAllentown, Pa.

See Editor's Memo in this issue.-Ed.

AFC Troublemaker

Editor, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN:In regard to Ed Tromanhauser's

July Tough Dog on "AFC ResistorsKill High Voltage," the two 150K



"The `Designer' is the

LEAST TROUBLESOME SET

says Bob Wauganman of Bob's Television,9518 Madison Street, Cleveland, Ohio.

"Speaking of the General Electric `Designer'," saysBob Wauganman of Bob's Television in Cleveland,Ohio, "there probably isn't an easier set on themarket today to service.

"We can do 90% of shop work without removingthe set from the cabinet, and we find that, becauseGeneral Electric licked the heat dissipation prob-lem, `Designers' last longer and suffer less break-down.

"We have very few service calls on `Designers'.Those that we do have are easily corrected. Thisgives us lots of time to get in more calls per day and,

we have ever serviced,"

of course, it helps us to make more money, too.""Designer" Tubes are directly replaceable, fuses

accessible, and you easily get at the key checkpoints. Another thing: the painted schematic onthe boards helps you find your way around quickly.Again, more calls per day-and more money.Precision Etched Circuitry is used in all"Designer" sets and is reliable and uniform so thatwhen you have serviced one you will never have topuzzle over the next one.

"Designer" TV-called the easiest -to -service setin television! General Electric Company, TelevisionReceiver Department, Syracuse 8, New York.

Progress Is Our Most Important Product

GENERAL( ) ELECTRICELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960 21

PICTUREPOWER

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it's a powerful booster. or an amplified coupler!

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'couple -two' circuit provides up to 5 db gain(per set) as an amplified two -set coupler

'straight-thru' circuit and B -T 4 -set couplerprovide no -loss 4 -set distribution system

Employs new frame -grid tube 6DJ8 new circuitry to achieve highest signalgain and "lower-than-cascode" noise factor. Provides full broadband ampli-fication covering low and high VHF channels. May also be used as FM -TVcoupler. Features "NO -STRIP" 300 ohm terminals for positive, electricalcontact in seconds. Has "on/off" switch.Improve TV reception today on 1, 2 or more TV sets with a single antenna.

Available at parts distributors. For details write: ET -9.BLONDER -TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC.

9 Ailing Street Newark 2, N. J.In Canada: Telequipment Mfg. Co., Ltd., London, Ont. Export: Morhan Export Corp., N. Y. 13, N. Y.hi.fi components UHF converters master TV systems industrial TV cameras FM -AM radios



resistors in the AFC circuit of allthe Motorolas made over a three orfour year period were culprits. In-cluded is the feedback capacitor. As amatter of fact, you had an article onthis subject in one of your issues ayear or so ago. Whenever I have a caseof no raster or brightness, and I findthe oscillator dead or way off fre-quency, the feedback AFC is one ofmy first suspects. By breaking theloop, you can quickly isolate the faultystage. A lot of sets with selenium di-odes for AFC can cause loss of rasteronly when a station is synced in ifone of the diodes is defective. Theseare "first" suspects also. I have pickedup many a shortcut from your maga-zine. Your articles on AGC problemshave proven very helpful.

JOSEPH S. DORSCHPittsburgh, Pa.

Confidence With Transistors

Editor, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN:I never fixed a transistor portable

and I was afraid to tackle one. I re-membered reading about one in yourJune 1960 issue, so following yourinstruction on how to repair them, Istarted. In no time I had one fixed,and now I have added this to my radioand TV business. Thank you.

THEODORE PETROSKIBethel, Conn.

Contest Winner

Editor, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN:As a winner of the Tough Dog

Contest, I will say that entering thecontest was easy compared to decid-ing which books I want most of allthe excellent ones to choose from. Beassured you could not have picked amore appreciative winner. As ownerand operator of a small one-man shopin a small community, the moneyspent on all service literature is neces-sarily small. Circuit data for instance.We would like more expensive serv-ices, but thanks to your magazineand Circuit Digests, we are all right.You're the best thing to happen forservicemen since the vacuum tube.

F. C. HOFFMANKewaunee, Wis.

Strobe Test Tape

Editor, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN:In regard to your magazine of May

1960, on page 62 is shown the Techni-Parts Strobe Tape. We would like toknow whom to contact to purchasethese tapes.

WM. KENDRICK,Service Manager

Montgomery WardBakersfield, Calif.

The address of Techni-Parts Co. isP.O. Box 336, Hempstead, L.I., NewYork.-Ed.



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For more data, circle 9-23-1 on coupon, p. 78ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960 23

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The figures show that the customerserved by the average radio -televisionshop spent over $2200.00 per yearon automobile aerials. This is businessthat is getting away from most serviceshops. The same man who saw you afew days ago when you repaired histelevision set, is an automobile aerialcustomer. He is not a potential cus-tomer but is an actual customer. Thismarket requires no additonal sellingon your part. ARE YOU GETTING HISAUTOMOBILE AERIAL BUSINESS?

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More On Sears

Editor, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN:Regarding your March Editor's

Memo on Sears' (captive?) service, Ihave been in the Sears Service Dept.for 23 years. We have always cooper-ated with any independent servicemanneeding any information or help wecould give him. As for schematics, afolder containing an instruction bookfor the customer and a completeschematic including alignment infoand parts list is shipped with eachunit-TV or hi-fi. As for captiveservice, our service contracts-$35.00for first year and $50.00 per yearthereafter (on 21"; $60.00 for 24") in-cluding unlimited service, parts, andtubes can't be beat! There are cus-tomers that have left us for the inde-pendent man but most of them comeback and when they show me the billsthey have been charged-wow! Andthe trouble had not been cured. Icould go on but enough of that. I likeyour magazine and the schematics-not as complete as Sears but theyhelp. Hi!

L. G. FRANKEMilwaukee, Wisc.

Definition of "Electronic"

Editor, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN:What makes a product "electronic"?

We seek your authoritative assistancein helping us to clarify the use of thisword in advertising, because it hasbeen contended that it is being mis-applied. Such dictionaries and ency-clopedias that we have had referredto us seem in agreement that "elec-tronic" applies to a system or devicein which conduction by electronstakes place through a vacuum, gas,or semiconductor. Any amplificationor interpretation of definitions youcan provide us will be greatly appre-ciated.

K. B. WILLSON,President

National Better Business BureauNew York, N. Y.

Mr. Willson is correct that theword electronic "applies to a systemor device in which conduction by elec-trons takes place through a vacuum,gas, or semiconductor." Common us-age does limit this definition to someextent. For example, a common fluo-rescent light utilizes ion and electronconduction in a gas, but it is not con-sidered electronic per se. One otherpoint is worth noting. Passive compo-nents, such as transformers, are con-sidered electronic when used as partof an electronic system. However,they are not properly called electronicwhen used independent of the elec-tronic system. Ed.




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Model 500 - Actually substitutes for 44 different values of resistors,condensers, electrolytics, power rectifiers, crystal diodes, power re-sistors and bias voltages. Substitutes: 20 values of resistors from33 ohms to 10 megohms 10 values of condensers .0001 mfd. to.5 mfd. 10 values of electrolytics from 4 mfd. to 330 mfd. Powerrectifiers up to 500 ma. Crystal diodes Power resistance, con-tinuously variable up to 5000 ohms Voltages, continuously vari-able up to 15 volts either polarity Sturdy hammertone finish steelcase Size, 5%/s x 73/4 x 31/2".

Model 400-A 20,000 ohms per volt VOM and an accurate capacitymeter. DC VOLTAGE RANGES: 0 to 15/75/150/300/750/1500/7500 V. AC VOLTAGE RANGES: 0 to 15/75/150/300/750/1500 V.

RESISTANCE RANGES: 0 to 1,000/100,000 ohms/0 to 10 meg-ohms RANGES: 0 to 75 microamps/7.5 ma./75 ma./15 amps. CA-PACITY RANGE: .001 mfd. to 80 mfd. Sturdy hammertone finishsteel case Size, Ws x 73/4 x 31/2".

Model 600-Checks all power rectifiers in -circuit (whether SELENIUM,GERMANIUM, SILICON, COPPER OXIDE, etc.) rated from 10 ma. to

500 ma. Checks with 100% effectiveness for quality, fading, shorts, opens,arcing, life expectancy Simple to use: just clip test leads acrossrectifier under test without disconnecting rectifier from circuit.Press test switch and get an instant indication on the 3 -colormetal scales Checks all power rectifiers out -of -circuit with equaleffectiveness Sturdy hammertone finish steel case Size, 57/sx 73/4 x 31/2".".

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A versatile economy priced tube testerChecks quality (emission, shorts and

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Tube tester has same specifica-tions as Model IO2-P Testeris removable Extra storagecompartment under tester Drawer for tools and test leads Unbreakable mirror mountedtinder tester case forTV adjustments. $7450Dealer Net

Cannot becomeobsolete as newtube types areintroduced!

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TVRadio Hi -Fi shop owner ELMER MAUTER says:

"MALLORYquality replacements

keep customers happy"

"Courtesy in handling customer servicehas been one factor responsible for ourgrowth ... that's why I chose the nameCourtesy for my business. We have alwaysused only quality replacement products... that's why I use Mallory components.I know that I can depend on Malloryquality. The Mallory label on replacementparts reassures my customers; it's a namethey know they can rely on for topperformance."

When electrolytics need replacement,Elmer Mauter, like thousands of otherservice technicians, knows that MalloryFP's will stand up at the high tempera-tures common in the small cabinets nowbeing built for TV and hi-fi. Even whenthey're mounted next to a hot rectifier or

output tube, where ordinary replacementfilters would wilt, the FPgives extra service. It'sthe original 85°C capaci-tor. Its combination ofnew shock -resistant con-struction with leakproofseal and etched cathodes,available without premi-um price only in theMallory FP, assures longlife and hum -free per-formance.

Whatever your component needs, Mallorysupplies the widest line of quality productsat sensible prices. See your Mallory dis-tributor for a full selection of the partsyou need.

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GEMS

5 rugged, moistureproof, Mallory "Gem"tubular capacitors in a handy dispenser thatkeeps your stock fresh and clean-easy tofind-prevents kinks in lead wires. Un-equalled for service in buffer, by-pass orcoupling applications.

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RMC DISCAPSuMade by the world's largest producer ofceramic disc capacitors ... long the originalequipment standard, they are available forreplacement in a handy 3" x 5" file cardpackage . . . easy to stock, simple to use. Trademark of Radio Moteriols Company,

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2f ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960

COUF"ESY tr. R DISE

Admiral C IV

Elmer Mauter owns and man-ages Courtesy Television inElmhurst, Illinois, a suburb ofChicago. He received his ini-tial electronics training ilt theCoast Guard, later atte-idedSprayberry Electronics Sehooland the School of RadioTechnique.In 1952, Elmer opened hispresent shop, for sales anc ser-vice of television, radio, hi-fi,record changers and autoradios. He employs two ser-vice technicians and keepstwo station wagons busy with15 to 20 calls a day.

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Why are more Sery ice-DealersSwitching°JFD EXACT

REPLACEMENTTV ANTENNAS?

because50 per cent of all TV sets made in thelast 4 years are portables-sendingmore antenna replacement business toservice -dealers every day.

becausewith the JFD PA500 and PA515 ExactReplacement Kits, dealers are readyand able to service 90% of antenna re-placements for portables and tote-ables.

becauseas JFD Exact Replacement Specialists,service -dealers can get out of the un-profitable "rabbit -ear" business-earna profit on the antenna sale (at fullmark-up) and on the installation.

becausewith JFD guides, streamers, and saleshelps, service -dealers get the merchan-dising know-how that nets them abigger slice of the 3,500,000 dollarportable antenna replacement market.

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LE

TV ANTENNAS?

becausethey know 5 million antennas need JFD is the total antenna line with thereplacement-that JFD HI-FI TV right model, at the right price for everyantennas assure them a bigger share of location-does the most for them inthis profitable market. mile -shrinking performance and cus-

tomer confidence.

because becauseJFD all-out advertising sells for them in JFD sales stimulators such as clothpowerful national mass media-such as patches, decals, mobiles, banners, dis-Look, TV Guide, Successful Farming, plays and direct mail give them theFarm Journal, Progressive Farmer. complete package to sell new customers.

HOW MUCH INSTALLATION BUSINESS ARE YOU LOSING BY NOT SWITCHING TOJFD? THE TV ANTENNA LINE AMERICA KNOWS BEST!

THE BRAND THAT PUTS YOU

HI-FI HELIXSilver or Gold Anodized

HI-FI BANSHEESilver or Gold Anodized

HI-FI FIREBALLSilver or Gold Anodized

JFD ELECTRONICS CORPORATION , Brooklyn 4, New YorkJFD International, 15 Moore Street, New York, New York JFD Canada, Ltd., 51 McCormack Street, Toronto, Ont., Canada IN COMMAND OF THE MARKET

FD

how oftencould you

have used...

Handy as an extra

hand or helper.

Clamps lightly

or tightly ... for

moments or minutes.

two -positionsnap -lock

slim, serrated jaws

Outreaches, out -holds needle -nose pliers. Hardlya spot too small for it. Approx. 6" long. Dozensof uses: Holds and positions wires for soldering... retrieves small parts from inaccessible places... it's a heat sink. Two -position snap -lock won'tslip, yet releases with a twist of the fingers. Allstainless steel - precision machined and tem-

pered for smooth action and years of service.

2 Models: No. 43H curved nose and No. 42Hstraight - Ask your distributor to show

you Xcelite Seizers today.

XCELITE, INC. ORCHARD PARK, N. Y.Canada : Charles W. Pointon, Ltd., Toronto, Ont.

For more dato, circle 9-30-1 on coupon, p. 7830 E For more data, circle 9-29-1 on coupon, p. 78


Steamed Up

Editor, ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN:I very seldom get "steamed up," but

a couple of letters in your July issuegot me and here goes: If that is thetrain of thinking of TEAM (W. C.Pecht letter, July), I'm surprisedanything they do is successful. I dis-agree that the "new" target of his hasbecome the distributor, because it iseasier. Personally, the thorn in myside has always been the distributorwho, I believe, is the root of all evil.They helped take the prestige from theelectronic technician when they soldconsumers at wholesale prices andmade us look like crooks instead ofbusinessmen. The letter goes on, "dueto mail order catalogs which whetthe appetite of the consumer for`wholesale' buying and (you) think itis preferable to sell them (consumers)in one's own city, where it will add tolocal volume of sales . . ." Pecht,how the heck is that helping you? andwould your customers (if you haveany left) wait a week or more to re-ceive a 5U4 from the mail orderhouse?

And while I'm boiling, I'd like toknow where John H. Stoll gets hisinformation about "Government con-tributes to the delinquency of our dis-tribution systems," . . . and "are un-der pressure to (get) the voters tobuy at lowest possible prices ..."?Did you ever study the figures (of

after taxes that manufactur-ers of automobiles, appliances, drugs,etc. make?

TONY DE FRANCO,Editor

The VanguardTri State CouncilCamden, N. J.

Correspondence from readers is alwayswelcome, Name and address, which mustaccompany letters selected by the editorfor publication, will be withheld on re-quest. Anonymous letters go right intothe wastepaper basket.

11)-464

"Who took the condensers I put in this vitaminbottle?"

.Field EngineersFor Univac Missile -

Guidance Computers!

Field engineers are now beingselected for maintenance assignmentson ultra -reliable Univac missile -guidancecomputers and other militaryelectronic data processing systems.

Openings involve maintenance of theUnivac ICBM guidance computer, firstof its size to be completely transistorized.

Applicants must have at least 2years formal education in Electronicswith 3 or more years in maintenanceor maintenance -instruction. Experienceshould be associated with complexelectronic equipment such as TV, radar,sonar or digital computing systems.

Before assignment, you will receive2 to 6 months training at full pay inour St. Paul, Minnesota, laboratories.Benefits include company paid lifeinsurance, hospitalization, medical andsurgical benefits, relocation expensesand living allowances at field sites.

Openings also for qualified instructorswith backgrounds similar to above.

Send complete resume of educationand experience to:R. K. PATTERSON, Dept. J-9

z&rirac.DIVISION OF SPERRY RAND CORPORATION

2750 W. Seventh St., St. Paul 16, Minn.

For more data, circle 9-30-2 on coupon, p 78ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960

io

Dependabilityis a

built-infeature

ofall

DelcoRadioService

Parts!

Take speakers, for instance. Delco electronic speakers are built rugged for long life and resistance to extreme weather

conditions. You can rely on them for exceptional power handling and rich distortion -free tone.

Delco's popular 8 -inch "Hi -Fi" speaker, No. 8007, provides the most power and tonal range for the money. Designedfor replacement use and high fidelity audio systems, it's a good, fast seller with price and quality appeal.

For speakers, transistors, transformers and other fine parts for Delco and other radios, see your Delco ElectronicParts Distributor. He carries the complete line. Other extras you get with Delco are Wide selection of specialapplication parts Complete technical training program Effective warranties Dealer identification signs.

Stock with Delco Electronic Parts-more dependability and reliability for your customers, more profit for you.

E LCODiO

,..!.11 _ a !in/

Division of General Motors Kokomo, Indiana

Available everywhere throughElectronic Distributors

associated with


SYLVANIA 6AU4GTAWITH

SARONG CATHODEHELPS YOU

"WRAP-UP" PROFITS!

NE W life-giving, profit -buildingfeatures are built into every

SYLVANIA-6AU4-GTA T V -dam pertube. Consider, for one feature, theSYLVANIA SARONG CATHODEand how it adds dependability to tubelife. SARONG provides uniformspacing between cathode and plate-reduces possibility of plate -to -cathodearc -over. SARONG prevents thebuild-up of "whiskers" inside the cath-ode sleeve that can develop duringother types of coating processes -reduces possibilities of cathode -to -heater arc -over.

Consider, too, the "pigtail" heater inSYLVANIA-6AU4-GTA. Weldedsecurely to the stem -lead, it reducesheater "hot spots" and the possibilitiesof heater burnout. More ... rectangu-lar top and bottom micas with excep-tionally wide slots increase the resist-ance of dc leakage paths, furtherreduce the possibilities of internal arc -over and breakdown.There's extra profit assurance,too,withSYLVANIA- 6AU4-GTA. Every oneof them is tested for shorts, emissionand the ability to withstand arc -over at5000 -volts peak inverse on the anode.

So, "wrap up" the profits you makeby putting a "damper" on call-backs. When you ask your distributorfor 6AU4-GTA's, always specifySYLVANIA.Electronic Tubes Division, SylvaniaElectric Products Inc., 1740 Broad-way, New York 19, New York.

SYLVANSubsidiary of GENERAL TELEPHONE & ELECTRONICS orb

GENERAL


ELECTRONICTECH N ICIAN

"STEREO 1961"This month we offer our third annual roundup

on stereophonic sound-STEREO 1961. In addi-tion to articles on technical developments andcommercial progress, this special section for theelectronic trade includes a manufacturer/productdirectory listing makes and models of a wide vari-ety of equipment.

Back in 1958 when we developed the first suchstereo study in the field, monophonic sound wasdominant. Sound -in-depth was in swaddlingclothes. During the intervening years things havechanged. A wide variety of equipment and record-ings have become available. Single chassis designsare common. Stereo now rules, and has becomeavailable in everything from a $49.95 portable

phono to a sky's -the -limit combination of compo-nents. One thing that has not changed is thatthere is plain stereo, and there is fine quality (hi-fi)stereo. Hi -Fi and stereo certainly are not words tobe used loosely or interchangeably.

The electronic service dealer has a real stake instereo. Some sell equipment outright. Some spe-cialize in installation. Many do servicing. With 40million mono record players ripe for moderniza-tion or replacement, technicians face a promisingmarket.

By its very nature, stereo is a technical beast.Electronic specialists should be prepared to an-swer consumer questions and serve consumerneeds. STEREO 1961 will help you do that.

Industry DilemmaOne of the industry's most oppressive problems

is distributor sales to consumers at wholesaleprices. In our May and July issues, this editorialpage explored the situation and expressed frankopposition to the practice.

Our most sincere thanks to the many servicedealers and distributors who wrote to us, support-ing our stand almost unanimously. Based on thesereactions and related observations, we've come tosome interesting conclusions.

First, we are appalled at the timidity whichguides so many influential industry leaders in deal-ing with vital, controversial issues. For example,publications serving the electronic service industryshould not hesitate to be outspoken about theproblems resulting from distributor consumersales. Yet with the exception of association pub-lications and ourselves, we have not seen one othermagazine face this problem squarely.

Second, too many service dealers think justice isall on their side. They couldn't be wronger. When a

technician gives up a wholesale -only distributorfor an extra few percent elsewhere, he's cutting hisown throat. When he's slow pay, he's killing thegolden -egged goose. When he uses up credit at onedistributor after another, he doesn't deserve indus-try support. When he buys a tube at a time andcarries little inventory, he's no businessman. Plen-ty of dealers need straightening up.

Third, before a dealer damns all distributors forthe contempt of some, he'd better learn that thereare plenty of distributors who do care and are thebest friend a dealer can have. The article "Indus-try Dilemma-Distributor Retail Sales," in thisissue, contains a number of letters from distribu-tors who are sensitive to the dealer's viewpoint andare willing to sit down and discuss ways to betterconditions.

Work through your associations, establish goodbusiness practices, and meet with your local dis-tributors to find a way out of the industry dilem-ma.


Virning In theNATIONAL CREDIT OFFICE reports that electronicparts distributors sales in 1959 totaled $815,000,000compared with $740,000,000 in 1958. Competition con-tinues to increase with 73 newcomers in 1959 and 16new entries for the first 5 months of 1960. In 1958there were but 38 new distributors. Initial startingcapital ranged from $1,800 to $90,000 with an averageof about $19,000. $35,000 is generally considered anadequate initial investment. Fourteen companies en-countered financial difficulties in 1959 compared with17 in 1958. However, the dollar amount of liabilitiesrose sharply to over $2,000,000 from $667,000 in 1958.Earnings remained steady at 2.4% of sales, whilegross profit declined slightly to 23.3%. Working capi-tal turnover declined from 5.7 to 5.5 times. Collectionshave recently become slower, ranging from 60 to 90days in many cases.

TELEPHONE COMPANY has run out of num-bers, and is changing from the exchange lettersplus five digits system to a straight seven digitnumber by the early 1970's. All number calling(ANC) will become necessary because a consid-erable number of letter combinations, such as XJor VL are impossible to use.

TECHNICIAN TRANSISTOR TRAINER

A compact training device, weighing four and a half pounds, has beendeveloped by RCA to instruct technicians in the use of transistors. Adiagram template is affixed to the unit's jackfield, and the studentmounts solid state components at the indicated positions to completean operating circuit, following the instructor's demonstration. Thetransistor trainer is designed to simplify instruction and speed up thetraining cycle.

"I got that one at a drugstore."

UHF PLAYS NEW YORK. Congress has ap-proved a $2,000,000 appropriation to set up twoexperimental UHF TV stations, one in the heartof New York City and the other 10 miles away.It will be operated under the direction of theFCC and will use 100 UHF receivers at strategicpoints to study UHF reception compared to VHF.At present, only 76 commercial and 14 educa-tional UHF stations are operating, most of themin areas where there is no VHF competition. Thisstudy will see if UHF and VHF can live togetherin the same town.

NEW CALIFORNIA ELECTRONIC SHOWS are inthe works. A western service association group fromfive western states plan a major electronics parts showfor the consumer products service industry to be heldin 1961. For the first time, 24 TV and radio manufac-turers will participate in the program with conventionexhibits. Los Angeles distributors are planning an in-dustry show in February 1961.

REFLECTION -FREE viewing screens will beadded to five 23 -inch models in the 1960 TV lineof Sylvania. These sets use specially treatedsafety glass, which is bonded permanently to theface of the picture tube traps and diffuses out-side light and eliminates reflections from outsidesources.

HIGHEST FREQUENCY TRANSISTOR com-mercially available, reports Philco, is being pro-duced by the company's Lansdale Div. Called acoaxial micro -alloy diffused -base transistor, thedevice has a maximum frequency of oscillationof almost 4,000 megacycles.

34ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960

Pletitre.........COMMUNITY TV SYSTEMS can distribute broadcastshows, according to a Montana court ruling. HelenaTelevision, Inc., the cable company, was sued by Z BarNet, a broadcasting company, and Television Mon-tana, a subsidiary. Z Bar Net operates stations inButte and Helena and permits a Great Falls station torebroadcast its Butte programs. The judge ruled thatZ Bar Net and Television Montana "have no propertyinterest, by copyright or otherwise, in any programsbroadcast by KXLF-TV, Butte, or in any signals orprograms received on the defendant's community an-tenna system and distributed to defendant's subscrib-ers."

CLOSED CIRCUIT TV is finding still more ap-plications. The Lincoln Tunnel connecting NewYork City and New Jersey, is using CC -TV todetermine optimum traffic routing patterns. Whenvehicles are moving slowly, additional ventilationis provided. Another application is in training TVservice technicians, reports General Electric. Stu-dents in an auditorium are provided with a bench -side view of a demonstration. A "Zoomar" lenswould focus on meters, charts, and equipment, andthe picture would show up on six 21" receivers,plus a 17" monitor. Still another application ofCC -TV is an installation at 241 E. 76th St. inN.Y.C., a luxury apartment house. The camera,mounted atop the elevator and another one at theservice entrance, pick up the scenes which areshown on a console in the lobby. The doorman andtenants can see if unauthorized and undesirablepeople have entered the building.

CALENDAR OF COMING EVENTS

Sept. 15-16: Eighth Annual Eng'g Management Conference, Mor-rison Hotel, Chicago, Ill.

Sept. 15-17: Upper Midwest Electronics Conference and Exhibit,Minneapolis Auditorium, Minneapolis, Minn.

Sept. 21-22: Industrial Electronics Symposium, Manger Hotel,Cleveland, Ohio

Sept. 26-29: American Welding Society Fall Meeting, Penn -Shera-ton Hotel, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Sept. 26-30: Instrument Society of America Conference, Exhibitand Fifteenth Annual Meeting, The Coliseum, NewYork, N. Y.

Oct. 3-5: Sixth National Communications symposium, HotelUtica, Utica, N. Y.

Oct. 10_12: IRE National Electronic Conference, Hotel Sherman,Chicago, Ill.

Oct. 24-26: East Coast Aeronautical and Navigational ElectronicsConference, Lord Baltimore Hotel, Baltimore, Md.

Oct. 26-27: Armour Research Foundation 1960 Computer Appli-cations Symposium, Morrison Hotel, Chicago, Ill.

Oct. 27-28: IRE 1960 Electron Devices Meeting, Shoreham Hotel,Washington, D.C.

Oct. 31 -Nov. 2: IRE 13th Annual Conference on Electronic Techniquesin Medicine 8 Biology, Sheraton Park Hotel, Wash-ington, D.C.

Oct. 31 -Nov. 2:

Nov. 14-16: Mid -America Electronics Convention MAECON), HotelMuehlebach, Kansas City, Mo.

IRE Radio Fall Meeting, Syracuse Hotel, Syracuse,N. Y.

RANDOM NOISE$ ' .

t. { ' :' ,* ': Y..' .

t

BELL TELEPHONE SYSTEMIS EXPERIMENTING WITHBALLOON SATELLITESTO PROVIDE "BOUNCE"COMMUNICATIONS FORVOICE AND POSSIBLYWORLDWIDE TV.

tN RotiER-

RCA DEVELOPS

THERMIONIC TUBEPRODUCING

ELECTRICITYFROM HEATOF ORDINARY

FUELS. MRYULTIMATELYBE USEDIN HOMESAND AUTOS

FROM

FUSEMAINS

EMERGENCY d

ELECTRICITY

MEXICO'S IMPORTOF RECEIVING TUBES

IN THOUSANDS

U.G.

51`fNETHERLANDS

zooW.GERMANY

62 -JAPAN


How To Correct Manufacturers'

Printed Wiring DefectsFault Location & Repair Methods

For Those Early TV Printed Circuits

JACK KALTERACKUSManager, Service Engineering

Allen B. Du Mont Laboratories, Inc.

We need go back only a few pro-duction years to recall printed wir-ing boards that gave unusual serv-icing grief to radio -TV technicians.Currently manufactured printedcircuits are emphatically improved;however, the fact that older printedcircuit radio and TV receivers arestill very much with us is unfortu-nately ignored.

Until these sets are obsolete serv-ice technicians' repair difficultieswill continue. Since easy servicea-bility of early printed circuit chas-sis is not one of their favorable at-tributes, and since great numbersof these are still in use, it seemsproper to analyze their productionand repair techniques.

Printed Circuit Defects

One of the first basic systemsemployed, "Pin Type Printed Wir-ing," used a photographic processto form copper conductors on phe-nolic boards. Hollow brass beadchain pins, as shown in Fig. 1,

served as through -connections be-tween the two sides of the copper -coated phenolic boards. Compo-nents were placed on one side of theboard, with their leads sticking into"pins." The pins were then fluxedand dipped into a solder pot.

The board itself never contactedthe solder since this would blisterit; or, the conductive coating wouldlose its bond to the board. Accord-ingly, the only fresh solder broughtto the interfaces of the pin and

printed wiring conductors was thatbrought through the pin center bycapillary action. This technique re-quired exceptional attention to tem-perature conditions, solder, pins,etc.; in effect, too many factors toallow reasonable consistency.

An abnormal quantity of crackedjoints was the result. In addition,external visual inspection oftenmissed solder voids. The tendencyof solder to draw across voids in thesection cutting process which gavean appearance of solder-wherenone actually existed. Although

SOLDER

SPUN FLANGE

CONDUCTOR

iBEAD CHAIN PIN

COMPONENT SIDE

PHENOLIC BASE, CHASSIS

DIP SIDE

CRACKEDJOINT

Fig. 1-Hollow brass bead chain pin used inearly printed wiring frequently developedcracked joints because of solder voids.

Fig. 2-Rolled flange type eyelet which sup-planted bead chain pin also developedcracked joints because of solder voids.

SOLDER

CCNaUCTOR

CRACKEDJOINT

ROLLEDFLANGE

VOID

EYELET

RAISEDRIM

SPLITFLANGE

COMPONENT SIDE

PHENOLIC BASE. CHASSIS

MP SIDE

CRACKEDJOINT

many inspection variations weretried, results were still unsatisfac-tory. It was evident that new proc-esses had to be developed.

New developments in base mate-rials and adhesives during the 1952-1956 period enabled complete im-mersion of the board into the solder,pot, rather than just the pin bot-toms. This permitted a more evenflow of solder around the through -connections (a simple flange brasseyelet was used in place of the beadchain pin). The solder joints pro-duced by this process were far su-perior to that of the pin process.

Reliability of this system was ap-parently excellent-but complaintson in -use boards became rampant,nevertheless. New examinationtechniques had to be developed.This was especially important sinceprinted wiring was now being usedin production quantities.

Examination of returned boardsindicated microscopic cracks in sol-der fillets, similar to those found inthe pin technique. The solder filletaround the rolled head of the eyeletdid not extend beneath the headsufficiently, leaving a thin -walledfillet which would crack from ex-pansion of the eyelet and board.See Fig. 2.

Since the connection faults werepredominantly in the solder joints,a funnel type eyelet was tried, withthe funnel on the dip side of theboard, as shown in Fig. 3. Thismade it possible to build up largefillets of solder, able to withstandmaximum temperature or flexingstresses. Tests indicated that thistechnique was acceptable-and is indominant use today.


With this defect information asbackground, a suitable techniquefor repairing the printed circuitrycould now be evolved. It was discov-ered that normal hand soldering orresoldering often produced thesame type of joint that originallyproved troublesome. The better thesolder flow appears, the weaker thesoldered joint will be. Therefore,many repairs had to be repeated.

Investigation revealed that byproperly building up the size of thesolder fillet, thus obtaining addi-tional strength simply throughthickness, a reliable repair could bemade.

Printed wiring chassis withcracked solder joints, seen by visualinspection, open or intermittentconnections, found by continuitytests, require resoldering. (The pro-cedure described here refers tochassis using eyelet constuction,as shown in Fig. 2.)

It is unusual to find an isolatedcracked solder joint between a cir-cuit conductor and eyelet. Invaria-bly, if the condition exists at all, itprobably encompasses a number ofjoints. Therefore, it becomes neces-sary to resolder all eyelets on sucha chassis. That is, if you don'tlike rehash jobs.

Resoldering a printed wiringchassis requires service equipmentthat has certain characteristics. Forbest results, or at least to obtainknown successful results, the fol-

SOLDER

SPLIT FLANGE

CONDUCTOR

RNENOLIC BASE, CHASSIS¡-DIP SIDE

FUNNEL FLANGED EYELET

COMPONENT SIDE

Fig. 3-Funnel flanged type eyelet used inmost present day PC equipment, provides athicker solder fillet and a stronger joint.

Fig. 4-Rolled flanged eyelet as it appearswhen properly resoldered.

EYELET

SOLDER

CONDUCTOR /.i..ROLLEDFLANGE

SPLITFLANGE

COMWENT SIL

VOID SOLDERBUILD-UP

RAISEDRim

DIP SIDE

lowing equipment characteristicsare recommended.A. Soldering Iron:(1) Tip temperature should not riseabove 600° F to maintain propersoldering control. Excessive heat

Fig. 5-Dip side of a PC chassis is wellcleaned with a minimum solvent applicationbefore resoldering eyelet.

will cause solder to melt completelydown through the eyelet, creatingan unreliable connection on thechassis' component side. (Prof es-sional opinions differ on minimumand maximum iron temperatureneeds. Many suggest lower tempera-tures, while just as many suggesthigher temperatures applied for ashorter period of time. Ed.)(2) Tip temperature must be above500° F to assure adequate heat forproper fusion, and to permit mak-ing the repair rapidly enough toavoid over -heating materials adja-cent to the eyelet (see previous Edi-tor's note.) Such overheating maycause destruction of the copper con-ductor bond to the phenolic base.(3) Solder tips must be long enoughto get to socket connections, be-tween wire leads and components.Tip extension should be betweentwo and two and one-half inches.The semi -chisel or screw drivershaped tip affords good conduction,and the least obstruction of thework area. (Specially shaped tipsare also available for specific com-ponent desoldering-Ed.)B. Solder:(1) 63% tin 37% lead solder is anideal alloy combination for printedcircuit soldering. This combinationhas a low melting point, permittingthe use of less heat (361° meltingpoint.) (Although 63-37 solder isideal, 60-40 solder can be used suc-cessfully, also. Its melting point isonly about 10° higher than 63-37solder.-Ed.)

(2) Although most commercialcored solders are supplied with ap-proximately 3.5% flux, unless oth-erwise specified. 0.5% flux is ade-quate for complete fluxing-and itwill not produce an unsightly ringof resin around each resolderingeyelet. A higher percentage of fluxis not necessary except on badlyoxidized or contaminated surfaces.(3) A %6" diameter solder is ade-quate for a good rate of operationand is small enough to maintaincontrol of the amount of solder be-ing applied. Larger or smaller sizescreate various problems.

C. Cleaning And Inspection:(1) Proper solvents should be usedin cleaning the work prior to resol-dering and for excessive flux re-moval. Acid type brushes or similarstiff bristle brushes are also usedwith solvents for cleaning and fluxremoval. A clean, absorbent clothfor blotting up solvents is helpful.(2) A watchmaker's loupe or largemagnifier to inspect connectionsand aid in detecting the presence ofcracked joints.

Preparation and Soldering

For cleaning and resoldering,both sides of a printed circuit chas-sis should be accessible. The chassisis positioned horizontally, support-ed firmly, and the working area ade-quately illuminated.

Resoldering should be confined tothe dip side of a chassis, at alljoints between eyelets and PW con-ductors, and between eyelets andtube socket tabs. Resoldering on thecomponent side is only requiredwhere excessive heat has causedsolder to flow through the eyeletwhile working on the dip side, orwhen electrical tests show evidenceof open or intermittent connections.

Solder cracks are easily visibleunder 10X magnification, appearingas jagged dark lines on the solderfillet surrounding the eyelet head.The cracks may extend partially orcompletely around the joint, andare mainly confined to the dip side.

Eyelets that have been properlyresoldered may be recognized bytheir similarity to the eyelet shownin Fig. 4. Solder build-up on theeyelet should be a round dome shapewhich completely covers the outlineof the eyelet and flows completely



Industry Dilemma

Distributor Retail SalesSelling to Consumers at Wholesale Prices Adversely Affects

Service Dealer Dollar Volume

ALBERT J. FORMANEditor

Perhaps the most serious com-plaint TV -electronic service dealershave against parts distributors isthat many distributors sell partsand equipment to the general pub-lic at wholesale prices. The dealersees this practice as a kind ofdouble-cross-the very distributorhe buys from bypassing him to selldirect to the dealer's own custom-ers.

Distributors who sell to the tradeonly are usually inclined to agreewith the dealers, but those distrib-utors who sell to anyone see it dif-ferently. They say that under freeenterprise a man should be able tosell to whomever he chooses. Besides,they point out, dealers frequentlycarry too small inventories to sat-isfy consumer needs.

Dealers counter that this is un-true, that the distributors are reallydealers who get preferential dis-counts and go aggressively afterretail sales.

And so it goes, charge and coun-ter -charge, breeding antagonism,threats and boycotts when honestmutual understanding is reallyneeded.

The fact is that in individualsituations there is a germ of truthin almost all of these charges !Many distributors fail to supportservice dealer customers. Manydealers are undercapitalized andpoorly managed.

But most important, many finedistributors and dealers are work-ing together harmoniously. There-fore, it is certainly possible for

these two major segments of theindustry to iron out their differ-ences before they become irrecon-cilably opposed. At the very least,it is worth the effort to do so. Weasked the National Electronic Dis-tributors Association to work withus on this, but they didn't thinkour approach was the best way. Wepolled individual distributorsacross the country, and many ofthem thought it was a good idea toget together. Service associationsshowed great willingness to meetwith distributors.

Certainly, sweeping the problemunder the rug and making believe itis solved is no answer. We stronglyadvise dealers and distributors totake the initiative in their owntrading areas to explore avenues ofsolution together.

Here is the letter ElectronicTechnician sent to distributors, andtheir replies :

Letter to DistributorDuring the past year there has

been increasing tension betweenelectronic parts distributors andservice dealers over the issue ofdistributor sales to the public atwholesale prices.

The result has been restrictivelegislation in certain states, boy-cotts and recriminations. We be-lieve it necessary to find a commonground of understanding lest theseantagonisms become thoroughly de-structive.

We have proposed that represen-tatives of the service industry sitdown with distributor groups todiscuss the problems in good faith.It is hoped that constructive re-

sults can be evolved which willminimize the antagonism.

WOULD YOU OR YOUR LOCALDISTRIBUTOR GROUP BE WILL-ING TO MEET WITH SERVICEDEALER REPRESENTATIVES?

In addition to your yes or no tothe above, your comments and sug-gestions will be much appreciated.

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN

Distributor Replies to ETNATIONAL... You must be aware, of course, thatthe problems you outline have been thesubject of deep consideration and earneststudy by all facets of the industry almostcontinuously and that many key figuresboth in distributing and servicing havedevoted much time to the subject. May Ibe permitted to suggest that, while yourinterest in the problem is much appreci-ated, I can not see wherein the industrywould benefit by rehashing its problems inprint, much as I admire your editorial zealin sponsoring such meetings. While "Show-down at Distributor Gulch" which appearedon page 31 of the May -1960 issue of yourfine publication was cleverly written, itserved only to aggravate the problemwhere it exists and to create dissension inareas where it does not exist. While I donot attribute to you any but the mostnoble motives in this matter, I must ques-tion in all candor whether you or yourpublication enjoys the stature and back-ground in the Electronics Industry to in-spire mutual confidence among those whomight attend a "summit" meeting. BothDistributors and Servicemen are aware oftheir mutual relationships and, by andlarge, have lived together in harmony longbefore you or I came upon the scene. Theyhave, for the most part, succeeded in set-tling their differences without the benefitof referees or peacemakers. NEDA shallcontinue in the future, as it has in thepast, to meet with Service Groups and tourge its members to discuss problems ofmutual interest with their customers. Wefeel that this can be done without publi-cized "summit" meetings or sponsored con -


ferences, whatever their origin or truepurpose.

National ElectronicDistributors AssociationChicago, Ill.

CALIFORNIA... The answer is yes. The Los Angeleslocal distributor group IS interested inmeeting with service dealer representa-tives.

Kierulff ElectronicsLos Angeles

... This is a serious local problem withus and we would be glad to meet withany representative at any time if in goodfaith.

Sampson Electronic Services, Inc.San Bernardino

.. . We work very closely with our deal-ers and do not have any problems in sell-ing retail at wholesale prices. We meetconstantly with the Dealers Associationand discuss our mutual problems. I willadmit that many of our competitors haveproblems of this nature, but I suggest thatthey handle it themselves.

Dunlap ElectronicsStockton

CONNECTICUT... Let me know what we can do to assistthis worth while project.

Signal CenterHartford

FLORIDA... Yes.

Welder Radio & Appliance Co.Miami

ILLINOIS... We would suggest that you approachNEDA on this subject. A firm positiontaken by them would just about solve theproblem. By taking this position NEDAwould also enhance their position-mem-bership-wise.

Mid -States Electronic Co.Chicago

.. . Certainly-but we have not-do notand will not sell to John Q.

Cooper Supply Co.Quincy

IOWA... Yes, very much so! I can speak onlyfor our own company, since we are notaffiliated with NEDA. We try to restrictour sales to Electronic Appliance and Serv-ice Dealers. The biggest problem is: WHOIS A DEALER, AND WHO IS NOT? Webelieve that definitions and qualificationsshould come from a representative cross-section of the industry itself. Perhaps an"outside" agency, such as yours, could bemost helpful in securing such mutual co-operation.

General Appliance Co. of IowaDes Moines

.. . We are cooperating with our localservice associations and have ever sincethe present partnership has been in effect.This is absolutely necessary to maintainour dealers' goodwill and patronage.

A & B TV SupplyMason City

KANSAS... You are on the right track in regardsto the distributor -dealer situation. Some-thing should be done and be done rightnow. We cater strictly to dealer business,but we have talked with many of thesedealers whose business is declining by themonth and the answer they all come upwith is that certain distributors are sell-ing their customers direct at wholesaleprices. I see no reason why any distributorhas the right to sell direct or why anymanufacturer has the right to sell hisproduct to a distributor who he knows sellsdirect.

Radio Supply Company, Inc.Salina

... Our company will be happy to meetwith any group to help improve industryrelations.

Radio Supply Company, Inc.Wichita

KENTUCKY... Yes!

The Sutcliffe Co., Inc.Louisville

LOUISIANA... We have provided a sales policy thatwill eliminate some of the problems wehave here which are very similar to theones your readers are complaining aboutin the North. I might also add that weare a member of NEDA and have beenfor the past 16 years. I think all of thedistributors are conscious of the fact thatthere are a few retailers slipping in andbuying wholesale when they should not,and these happen to be employees of in-dustrial firms. They apply the pressure tothe counter clerks or the salesmen and getby unnoticed by the top management. Wehave always been very cautious to try toprotect the service man, even though theservice man beats one distributor againstanother in order to get cut-rate prices,and often tries to form a cooperative pur-chasing group in order to buy at distribu-tors' cost. We are giving the service mana great service. We maintain a large in-ventory and have three branches in orderto save them freight. We offer them quan-tity discounts making it profitable to stockitems instead of going to a distributorjust for their daily needs. It would be fineif you wrote an editorial about the tech-nicians who go over to a distributor andtell him they can get a better price atDistributor B or C and will he beat it,and this same customer had in stock onlywhat he needs for that particular day.Now, that is the reason we have differentprices for single units and quantity pur-chases. I think more editorials on bothsubjects would be very enlightening toboth the serviceman and the distributor,and the distributor certainly needs coop-eration of the serviceman and the indus-trial accounts. I congratulate you on tak-ing the initiative to publish this editorial.

Columbia Radio & Supply Co., Inc.New Orleans

MASSACHUSETTS. . . We, as one of the largest part jobbersin New England, would be extremelyhappy to meet with any group or indi-

viduals as outlined above. We also havemany questions to ask. Questions whichhave been asked before but left unan-swered. We welcome the opportunity tolay all of our cards-both sides-on thetable faced upwards.

Del Padre SupplySpringfield

MINNESOTA... We do not now, nor have we made apractice of selling to the public at any time-will be happy to talk with Service DealerRepresentatives.

F. C. Hayer Co.Minneapolis

MISSOURI... We would be very happy to participatein a meeting of this kind.

RadonicsSt. Louis

NEW HAMPSHIRE... We realize this problem only too welland have always leaned over backward tokeep things as "clean" as possible and be-lieve that in comparison with some of ourcompetition, we have done fairly well. Wepersonally would be more than pleased tomeet with local service dealer representa-tives at any time on this or any otherindustry problem.

Evans Radio, Inc.Concord

NEW YORK... The Albany parts jobbers have beenmeeting with the TSA servicemen's organi-zation for the past 2 or 3 months, in factwe have another meeting scheduled forWednesday, July 11th. We have madeprogress on the above subject and expectto make more.

E. E. Taylor Co., Inc.Albany

... We realize the unethical inroads madeby certain distributors in by-passing thedealer in counter sales and we're againstthat type of operation. We would be happyto sit in with any service industry groupat any time to discuss mutual problems.

Green Tele -Radio DistributorsBrooklyn

.. . We are pleased to accept your invita-tion to meet with service dealer repre-sentatives to discuss the issue of distribu-tor sales to the public at wholesale prices.I am sure that you and the Service Dealersare familiar with the True Wholesale Pol-icy which has characterized our operationsfor the past 35 years-never a consumersale, never a sale to any do-it-yourselfer,or Part -Timer. Because we are always will-ing to discuss any and all matters thathold promise of benefit to the Service In-dustry, feel free to call on us to meetat any time or place with any group ofService Dealers and Distributor groups.We applaud your effort to help solve theproblem of restricting wholesale prices ex-clusively to the legitimate Dealer andService Shop Trade. It is obvious that pres-ent abuses are detrimental to the ServiceIndustry subjecting it to unfair practicesthat result in severe economic hardship.

H. L. Dalis, Inc.Long Island City



Improve TV Performance With

Trap Adjustments

Optimum Video -Sound Often Depends Upon Proper Trap Settings

HAROLD WEST

Sound and picture traps are com-monly ignored by many servicetechnicians when servicing TV re-ceivers. These traps do break down,however, or "fall" into misadjust-ment (by `diddlers,' do-it-yourself-ers, vibration, component aging,etc.) resulting in less -than -opti-mum picture, and/or sound qual-ity.

The primary responsibility oftraps in TV receivers is to elimi-nate or reduce unwanted signals.This generally means keeping beatsignals and sound bars from thepicture circuit. A 4.5 mc coil isused to "pick off" and vary the

Fig. 1-Three types of traps commonly em-ployed in TV receivers.

FROM

TUNER

VIDEO I

IC

SERIES RESONANT TRAP

SERIES PLATE PARALLEL RESONANT

/ I

ABSORPTION PARALLEL RESONANT

proper amount of sound signal tothe grid of the first sound tube inintercarrier TV sets. Althoughsometimes called a trap, this circuitserves as a sound "take -off" adjust-ment, a pass band for the requiredamount of 4.5 mc sound signal tothe first sound tube grid in inter -carrier TV sets. Basic trap circuitsare illustrated in Fig. 1.

TV tuners are generally equippedwith traps, also. These may betuned to eliminate f -m broadcaststation beat interference or may betuned to the i -f frequency to elim-inate any r -f harmonic interferencefalling into the TV's i -f band.

Trap Applications

The simplified schematic in Fig. 2illustrates the use of three tunedcircuits in one variation of a gated

beam type sound detector. The 4.5mc sound signal and the video sig-nal are split at the video output'splate, with the 4.5 mc signal goingto the sound tube's grid. Only thevideo signal can pass to the CRT,since the trap in the output tube'splate circuit presents a high impe-dance to the 4.5 mc signal. The coilin the grid circuit is tuned to 4.5mc, giving proper sound transferto the 'BN6 grid. The sound tubealso contains a quadrature typecoil, normally tuned to give mini-mum distortion in the sound whenadjusted coincident with a buzz orAM rejection control.

Other types of traps used in welldesigned TV sets include adjacentsound and picture traps, and ac-companying sound traps. Adjacentsound and picture traps are notgenerally required in strong signal

Fig. 2-Bench set-up for adjusting sound trap in plate circuit of video output tube.

SIGNALGENERATOR

Oti O

4.5 MC

.00Syf

12

4.5 MC

TOAUDIO OUTPUT

TUBE

elt

VIDEOOUTPUT

f

QUADRATUREI

ROW4.5 MC

LI

SCOPE

ORnY CATHODE

8i-


areas since adjacent channels in animmediate area are not assigned bythe FCC. In fringe or weak signalareas, however, these traps are fre-quently helpful or necessary to pre-vent interference from an adjacentchannel operating in another area.A TV receiver may or may not in-clude a trap for either accompany-ing or adjacent picture or sound,depending upon its design. Accom-panying sound traps, when used,are inserted and adjusted to obtainthe proper ratio between pictureand sound levels in a video pass -band. All of these traps are effec-tive only when properly adjusted.

Servicing

Checking a 4.5 mc sound trapdefect is generally a relatively sim-ple chore. If the defect symptom issound bars in the picture (whichmay also be accompanied by audiobuzz,) the easiest adjustment is avisual one. That is, adjust the finetuning dial to exhibit the strongestsound bars and then slowly adjustthe suspected sound trap until apoint is reached where the soundbars appear weakest on the CRT.

precaution, though, be sureyou're adjusting a sound trap andnot an i -f transformer. If nochange is apparent, check thesound trap coil and capacitor forpossible defects.

There are a number of methodsused for adjusting 4.5 mc coils. Thetest set-up in Fig. 2 clearly displaysthe generator -scope method. Amodulated 4.5 mc signal is injectedat the video output tube's grid.The scope is used as an indicatingdevice. L-1 is adjusted to give min-imum vertical deflection on thescope screen. L-2, of course, is ad-justed to give maximum sound out-put in the set's speaker.

An improperly adjusted accom-panying sound trap can upset thevideo pass -band, causing poor over-all video performance. This is truebecause these traps interact withthe video i -f tuning and are takeninto consideration in design andover-all alignment.

A proper pass -band for over-alloptimum performance in a TV re-ceiver varies from 31/2 to 4 mc. Fig.3A shows an approximate oscillo-scopic video pass -band responsecurve with accompanying sound

- 3.5 to 4 MC--

41.25

3MC

41.25

47.25

47.25

Fig. 3 (A)-When adjacent and accompanyingsound traps are properly adjusted, video passband is maximum. (B)-When improperlyadjusted the band is generally narrow andpicture -sound level ratio is upset.

trap properly adjusted. An improp-erly adjusted trap will normallynarrow the over-all response, as il-lustrated in Fig. 3B.

Scope Adjustment

By far the best method of adjust-ing adjacent and accompanyingtraps is by means of a regularalignment set-up. This method isshown in Fig. 4. Equipment in -

dudes a scope, sweep generator,and a marker generator. The scopeshould be connected at the videooutput and both sweep and markersignals should be injected throughan ungrounded shield loosely fit-ting over the mixer tube in thetuner. To eliminate spurious sig-nals the mixer tube used shouldhave its grid pin clipped off at thetube's base.

Some sets may have a trap in thegrid circuit of the first i -f tube andanother one further on, as in theHoffman chassis 359, for example,where two adjacent sound traps areemployed. Other sets, like the GE"U4," 21C models, have one seriestuned adjacent sound trap in the1st i -f grid, a parallel tuned ac-companying sound trap in the firsti -f transformer, and an additionalparallel tuned adjacent sound trapin the 2nd i -f transformer.

To check these traps an over-allvideo response curve is obtained,as shown on the scope screen inFig. 4. The marker signals shouldbe alternately set at 41.25 and 47.25mc, and the individual traps ad-justed so that the respective pipsfall into the deepest valley centers,as shown. The sweep generatorshould be set to give at least a 10mc sweep. In the event a markerpip is not observed at the properedge of the response curve, in-crease the marker generator out-put.

If the TV is designed with 20 mci-f's, associated sound traps will be


Fig. 4-Test set-up for visual adjustment of traps using scope, sweep and marker generator.

SWEEPGENERATOR

o 0

I0MCSWEEP

u

-.

MARKERGENERATOR

FLOATING SHIELDOVER MIXER TUBE

VIDEOOUTPUT

AGC BUS

BIASBOX

SCOPE


How Technical Security

Equipment Functions

Basic mertioa, Used to Protect Property & Stock Electronically

Louts E. GARNER, JR.

During times of active warfareor international stress, physical se-curity becomes especially impor-tant and special techniques mustbe used to safeguard material,plant facilities, and information.Adequate security is also impor-tant in many peacetime manufac-turing and commercial operations. . . to protect trade secrets, pro-tect property against theft andvandalism, and to safeguard newproducts still in the developmentalstage. Thus, knowledge of securitytechniques primarily based on elec-tronic -mechanical devices, is ofvalue to anyone engaged in re-search, engineering, development,manufacturing, or in warehouses,whether the products are destinedfor the commercial market or forhighly classified military projects.

The broad field of physical secu-rity practices may be termed"Technical Security." As we see inFig. 1, the field may be dividedinto two major sub -classes : Safe-guarding Property and Safeguard-ing Information. Although specialtypes of equipment may be usedfor each type of operation, there isconsiderable overlapping, and sys-tems or techniques designed pri-marily to protect property oftenmay be used to safeguard informa-tion or special knowledge.

In Safeguarding Property, for ex-ample, we are concerned not onlywith protection against theft andsabotage, but also with the protec-tion of any special information

which may be contained in theproperty, as in the case of an ex-perimental prototype, design mod-el, or set of blueprints. Under thisgeneral class there is a further divi-sion into two smaller sub -classes :(a) devices used for actual physicalprotection, such as fences, walls,safes, vaults, locks, etc., and (b)equipment used to indicate thepresence of a possible intruder,such as Burglar and SecurityAlarm systems.

In Safeguarding Information,we are concerned primarily withthe protection of knowledge ordata, where such knowledge doesnot necessarily require an actualtransfer of physical property. Anespionage agent, whether of a for-eign power or an unethical compet-itor,who photographs a set of secretplans or a design model may domore damage, eventually, than thesaboteur who destroys a valuable

machine tool or blows up a manu-facturing facility.

DefinitionsA number of special terms are en-

countered in Technical Securitywork. In some cases, their meaningis more or less obvious, but not al-ways. In any case, a knowledge ofthe more common expressions usedis helpful when discussing tech-niques.

To compromise a system or device isto render it ineffective or to defeat itspurpose.

Forced Entry, as the name implies,is accomplished by actually "breakingin" a door or window.

Surreptitious Entry is entry to aprotected area accomplished in such amanner that the Guard Staff or Se-curity Officer is unaware that entryhas taken place and security compro-mised.

Point Protection is protection afford-ed a single object, such as a safe orfile cabinet containing classified data,an executive's desk, or a single en-trance.

Fig. 1-Technical security subdivisions and structure of inter -related electro -mechanical, elec-tronic, and human components involved in the integrated protective organization.

TECHNICALSECURITY

SAFEGUARDINGPROPERT

(SABOTAGE)Y

SAFEGUARDINGINFORMATION(ESPIONAGE )

FENCES,LOCKS, SAFES

E TC.

SECURITYALARM

SYSTEMS

COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE

DEVICES

PERSONNELSECURITY

INVESTIGATION

GUARDSTAFF

IDENTIFICATIONSYSTEMS


CHART I

Security Alarm Systems

ProtectionSystemY

Type ofSystemYEquipmentSensor Master Control Line

GuardPanel

Degree ofProtect.

Relative CostInstallations

Point Capacitance Protected Object Oscillator Usual. Tel. Line Yes * Good Low Low

DoorAnnunciators

Capacitance Antenna on Door Oscillator ,, Chimes, Bell, Light Good Low Low

Photo -Electric Photo -Cell Light -Source & Amp. II II II Fair Low Low

Radiation Antenna Oscillator & Detector u u u uExcellent Low Low

Perimeter Tape Foil Foil & Door Contacts Sensitive Relay u Yes * Fair Low Moderate

Single Beam "Eye" Photo -Cell Detector & Amplifier Fair Moderate Low

Pulsed & Mod. Beam "Eye" Photo -Cell Detector & Amplifier u Good Moderate Low

Light "Curtain" Photo -Cell Detector & Amplifier u u Excellent High Low

Capacitance Antenna Cap. Bridge Circuit u u Excellent Moderate High

Area Audio Monitoring ** Microphone Amplifier u u Good Moderate Low

Ultrasonic (or Radio) Transducers (Ant.) Osc., Amp., Det. u Excellent High Low

Photo -Electric Photo -Cell Detector & Amplifier u Good Moderate Low

*May be central station or "local" alarm.**Generally used in conjunction with other systems.

Perimeter Protection is that usedaround a protected area, such as asingle room, building, or outside area.

Area or Volume Protection is thatused to guard the entire volume of aclassified area, not only a protectedarea.

The Local Alarm is an alarm deviceor signal that sounds in the immediatevicinity of the protected area, as asiren, bell, or klaxon on an outsidewall. It is distinguished from a RemoteAlarm that sounds either in the MasterGuard room (even if in the same build-ing) or at a Central Station.

Master Control Unit is the generalterm applied to the electronic equip-ment of a Security Alarm system lo-cated near or in the protected area.The Guard Panel, on the other hand,is the remote alarm indicating panelof the system, and may be located in abuilding's Master Guard room or in aCentral Station servicing a number ofSecurity Alarm installations.

Most Security Alarm systems, likeother industrial electronic equipment,is designed to Fail Safe. That is, anycomponent or power failure which mayrender a system ineffective will showup as a signal on the guard panel.

To Bug a room is to secrete or Planta listening device of some type . . . asimple microphone, a tap on a tele-phone, a hidden radio transmitter, orsome similar device. A room or areais said to be Clear after it has beenchecked for the presence of such de-vices with appropriate detection in-struments.

System DesignRegardless of the methods used

for detecting an intruder, there arecommon factors that enter into thedesign of all Security Alarm sys-tems. These factors must be famil-iar to the equipment design engi-neer, installation and maintenancetechnicians, and the Security Officer

responsible for selecting a protec-tion system and supervising its op-eration.

The basic Security Alarm systemmay be resolved into four element-al components, as shown in Fig. 2.In some installations, two or moreof the elements may be combinedinto a single device, but the sepa-rate functions are still present.

Some device must be used foractually detecting an intruder. Thismay be called the Sensor elementof the system. The Master Controlunit contains the necessary circuitsto operate the sensor and to inter-pret the results obtained ; if intru-sion is indicated, it sends a signalalong a line to an alarm indicatingdevice. This may be a local alarm,but, more often, is a remote alarmon the Guard Panel. See Fig. 3.

Thus, the four elements compris-ing the complete system are: (a)Sensor, (b) Master Control, (c)Line -to -alarm device, and (d)Guard panel, local alarm, or both.

In a properly designed system,failure of any of the four elementsshould give an immediate indica-tion to the guard. In addition, tamp-er switches should be provided sothat any attempt to compromise

Fig. 2-Basic electronic components in a tech-nical security alarm system.

MASTERSENSOR ea CONTROL',

UNIT

LINE GUARDPANEL

either the line connecting the Mas-ter Control with the Guard Panelor any of the equipment compris-ing the system will give an imme-diate alarm, whether or not the sys-tem is "in protection."

Most well -designed systems haveprovision for "DAY" and "NIGHT"protection. When set up for "DAY"protection, the sensor is not effec-tive, but all equipment comprisingthe system as well as all connectinglines are protected against tamper-ing. When set up for "NIGHT" pro-tection, the sensor elements are ac-tivated and complete protection isafforded. The tamper protectioncircuits, of course, are left in opera-tion in the "NIGHT" position.

If the system is battery -operated,provision should be made for a suit-able signal should any battery be-come weak or defective during pro-tected hours. If a -c operated, analarm should be given if a powerfailure occurs. In more importantinstallations, provision for emer-gency stand-by power may bemade, but in less critical areas,common practice is to dispatch aguard for on -the -spot protection un-til power is restored or necessaryrepairs made.

If possible, there should be pro-vision for testing the operation ofthe complete system before the pro-tected area is left by the guardduring the nightly "closing up" pro-cedure.

The guard panel should be pro-vided with both audible and visualsignals, so there will be no chanceof the guard (s) on duty failing to


observe an alarm. In most commer-cial units, the visual alarm consistsof a light, while the audible alarmis a buzzer, bell, or loudspeakertone.

Physically, all components of thesystem should be designed for easeof servicing and spare parts shouldbe readily available. Where possi-ble, 24 hour emergency serviceshould be available. To minimizemaintenance, all component partsshould be over -rated and the sys-tem should be checked out at reg-ular monthly or bi-monthly inter-vals.

Typical Alarm SystemsVirtually all Security Alarm sys-

tems are electronic. In fact, a ma-jor part of the cost of all types ofTechnical Security devices is forelectronic equipment. For discus-sion purposes, alarm systems maybe classified into three majorgroups according to the type of pro-tection obtained : (1) Point Protec-tion, (2) Perimeter Protection, and(3) Area Protection. Let's examineeach of these in turn.

POINT PROTECTION SYS-TEMS-There are two types of pro-tection systems that may legiti-mately be called "point protection"devices. One is the type used toprotect a file cabinet, safe, vault,desk or similar isolated object. Theother is a "door annunicator" usedto announce the entry or exit of aperson through a single door.

Most of the devices used to pro-tect isolated objects are basicallycapacity operated relays. Two gen-eral circuits are popular. In one, aweak oscillator changes frequencyor drops out of oscillation as thecapacity (of the protected objectto ground) increases due to an ap-proaching body. This change is de-tected and used to operate analarm relay. In the other, a regen-erative circuit is on the verge ofoscillation. When circuit capacityincreases, the stage breaks into os-cillation, with a correspondingchange in circuit current. Thischange, in turn, operates a relayand actuates the alarm signal.

Door annunciators employ threegeneral circuits. One type employsthe capacitance detection principlein a fashion similar to that used inpoint protection equipment. An-other utilizes a light beam (whichmay be filtered for invisible infra-

red light only) and a photo -relaycircuit; breaking the beam soundsthe alarm signal. The third type isbased on the use of a low frequencyradiation field established betweenantennas on opposite sides of thedoorway. When a person passesthrough the door, energy is ab-sorbed from the field. The drop inenergy received by the pick-up an-tenna is detected and used to actu-ate the alarm signal.

PERIMETER PROTECTIONSYSTEMS-The simplest of perim-

Fig. 3-ADT master control unit for an ultra-sonic security alarm system contains oscillator,amplifier, power supply and relay circuits. In-terlock switch (top rt.) prevents opening ofcabinet without sounding alarm.

eter protection devices is that oldstand-by used for Burglar Alarms... metal foil on windows coupledwith door and window contacts.With such a system, a closed, super-vised circuit is made up around win-dows and doors. Breaking the cir-cuit at any point gives the necessarysignal to operate an alarm.

The foil system, while excellentas a protection, is easily compro-mised by a skilled and experi-enced agent.

Photoelectric systems may alsobe used to good advantage for per-imeter protection, but reasonablecare must be taken in selecting theequipment and in its installation.Almost without exception, filteredlight is employed (infra -red or ul-tra -violet). Even here, the systemmay be compromised if the agentuses a substitute light source.

An electronic "light curtain" con-

sisting of a multiple beam photo-electric installation will give excel-lent perimeter protection. Lightbeams (filtered for infra -red or ul-tra -violet) are spaced approximate-ly nine inches apart along a sixfoot (or higher) rack. Breakingany one of the beams is sufficientto give an alarm. This type systemis comparatively difficult to compro-mise with a substitute light sourcedue to the difficulty of aligning aseries of individual light beams.Cost of the system compares favor-ably with that of a high chain -linkfence.

Capacitance systems are alsoused for perimeter protection. Insuch cases, the circuit is somewhatmore complex than the simple os-cillators used for point protection.In most, a modified bridge circuitis employed, permitting compara-tively large total capacities to beconnected to the equipment while,at the same time, detecting smallchanges in capacity. In addition,special temperature and humiditycompensation circuits must be em-ployed to prevent "false" alarmsdue to changing weather condi-tions.

AREA PROTECTION SYS-TEMS-Perimeter protection sys-tems are widely used and are ex-cellent for guarding against exter-nal intrusion. However, they are oflittle value as protection againstan intruder who secretes himself ina protected area during non -pro-tected (working) hours. To guardagainst this type of espionage, asystem must be employed whichprotects an entire "area," not justthe outer entrances.

Photoelectric installations aresometimes used for a form of areaprotection by arranging a numberof mirrors to obtain a criss-crosspattern within the protected area.Although a single beam may beused, the net effect is to divide thearea into small odd -shaped parcels,each bound on all sides by invisiblelight beams. Breaking the beam atany point is sufficient to initiate analarm.

An ultrasonic system may beused for area protection. In opera-tion, the protected room is "filled"with ultrasonic vibrations at about19 or 20 KC. These are radiatedand picked up by suitable trans-ducers. Any moving body withinthe protected area causes a dop-


pier shift in the frequency of thepicked up signal. This change isdetected, amplified, and used tooperate the alarm relay.

Similar to the ultrasonic systemis a unit using high frequency radiowaves radiated from a suitable an-tenna. Such an installation may besubject to interference from certaintypes of transmitters or electricalnoises sources. Whether an ultra-sonic or radio system is best suitedto a specific installation depends onindividual conditions.

Audio monitoring of the guardedroom also gives a form of area pro-tection. Microphones are locatedstrategically within the area. Anysound adjacent to or within theprotected area ... and above apredetermined level ... is de-tected and gives an alarm signal.The guard, simply by throwing aswitch, can monitor the soundsover a loudspeaker and thus identi-fy them either as "normal" or as anintruder within the area.

Another auxiliary system fre-quently used in extremely criticalareas, although not an "alarm" sys-tem in a strict sense, is a closedcircuit television installation. Withcameras placed strategically and a

monitor in the guard room, a guardmay "make his rounds" withoutever leaving his central location.

A summary of the various gen-eral types of Security Alarms sys-tems is given in Chart I. The basicelements making up the completesystem are given in each case, aswell as an indication of relativecost and the relative degree of pro-tection achieved.

System ExampleA plan layout of a "typical" elec-

tronics manufacturing plant en-gaged in the production of classi-fied military items is illustrated inFig. 4, along with suggested Secu-rity Alarm systems to achieve ahigh degree of protection. A com-plete system such as the one sug-gested would be quite expensiveand could be justified only wherethe "tops" in security is desired.However, it serves as a theoreticalexample of what can be done.

The entire building is protectedby a series of "light curtains," withfour such systems used. In addition,a series of offices within the build-ing itself are protected by a fifth"light curtain." Opening the doorof any office of the group would

automatically break the light cur-tain, giving an alarm. A capacitancesystem is used to protect file cabi-nets in the main file room. In addi-tion, the door to this room is pro-vided with a tamper switch tiedinto the capacitance alarm system.

The private entrance to the Gen-eral Manager's office is protectedboth by a tamper switch (which is"off" during the day) and a radia-tion type door annunciator. Thedoor annunicator is switched intoone of the alarm systems automati-cally during protected (night)hours, but during the day is used topermit the General Manager's priv-ate secretary to know when heleaves or arrives. The other doorsto the General Manager's office areprotected by tamper switches.

A file -safe in the Chief Engineer'soffice is protected by a capacitance"point protection" system. TheDrafting, Engineering, and Assem-bly rooms are protected by indi-vidual ultrasonic systems, with au-dio monitoring provision on thosesystems covering the Drafting andEngineering areas.

Tamper switches are provided ondoors into the Assembly and Stock


Fig. 4-A simplified lay -out of a typical electronics research, develop- may be protected by employing various types of electronic devices..ment and assembly plant showing how different critical plant areas Major floor areas are guarded by an ultrasonic alarm system.

LC2

LC1OFFICE

OFFICE

11I

OFFICEI

I.OFFICE

LC5GUAROROOM

1319§§11310$1gNiEN$N#$E

I.III.MIMUM

Isi$N13NNNNNNNNINNN#$

IIS'lNNNNN®I3B>IINNII

FILE ROOM

Nl111lmINIIII6>fNNNNNN

I.IIIII.I.IIIII... III...I.IIIII.I...

am

STOCKROOM

ASSEMBLY

RECEIVINGROOM

SHIPPING ENTRANCE

GENERAL

OFFICE

GENERALMANAGER

x RA

CHIEF ENG.

O PP

ENGINEERING

LC3W

?Sa1rá

LC -"LIGHT CURTAIN" ( 5 USED )

PP- CAPACITANCE "POINT PROTECTION"

X - MAGNETIC CONTACT D00RTAMPER SWITCHES

RA- RADIATION TYPE DOOR ANNUNCIATOR

CAPACITANCE PROTECTION (IN FILE ROOM)

® AREAS PROTECTED BY ULTRASONIC SYSTEM

t


Improve Your Skills By

Building a Technical Library

TWO-WAY RADIOBy Allan Lytel. For the communicationstechnician, and those interested in enter-ing the field, this book covers mobile andfixed base stations. Theory is presentedwith a minimum of math. Antennas, se-lective calling, power supplies and testinstrument chapters are included. Photos.drawings and charts are generously used.Hard cover, 304 pages. Price $9.50.

INDUSTRIAL CONTROLCIRCUITS

By Sidney Platt. Excellent starting pointfor TV technician interested in learningabout industrial electronics. Non -mathe-matical text explains circuitry and op-eration of power controls, relays, timers,photoelectric devices and instrumentationfound in factories. Practical applicationsshown. Soft cover, 200 pages. Price $3.90.

101 WAYS TO USE YOURSIGNAL GENERATOR

By Robert G. Middleton. A fine collectionof brief explanations on how to use thegenerator for various tests. Twenty-fiveequipment checks are presented, sevenantenna tests, 27 AM -FM receiver tests,28 TV tests, 10 component tests and fourmiscellaneous. Each description brieflylists the required equipment connectionsetc. Soft cover, 123 pages. Price $2.00.

HOW TO USE METERSBy John F. Rider & Sol D. Prensky. Re-vised and brought up-to-date, this secondedition includes such instruments astransistorized voltmeters and digital dis-plays. Among the many meters coveredare ohmmeters, voltmeters, milliammeters,wattmeters, panel meters, grid dip,VTVM, thermocouple meters and manyothers. Testers are pictured with circuitschematics. 216 pages. $3.50.

BASICS OF* INDUCTION HEATING

By Chester A. Tudbury. Volumes 1 & 2.Vol. 1: presents principles of inductionheating equipment. How it works, effi-ciency factors, etc. Higher mathematicsavoided. Vol. 2: analyzes induction heatingequipment from a practical viewpoint.Covers generators. Well illustrated. Softcovers. 140 & 144 pages. $3.90 ea; $7.80.

BASICS OF DIGITALCOMPUTERS (3 vols.)

By John S. Murphy. Using the easy -to -learn picture book technique, these threevolumes explain the theory and functionsof digital computers. Very little mathe-matics. Covers counting systems, com-puter language, programming, memories,logic diagrams, flip-flops, clamping, input-output and data processing. Soft cover,116 pages. Price $8.40/set.

IMPEDANCE MATCHINGBy Alexander Schure. Divided into fivemajor sections, this informative bookcovers power transfer, impedance match-ing devices, matching at audio and r -f,and matching in transistor circuits. Com-plete with tables, schematics and compu-tation examples. Soft cover, 128 pages.Price $2.90.

RADIO OPERATOR'S LICENSEQ & A MANUAL

By Milton Kaufman. This sixth editiongives you the information you need topass FCC license examinations. In ques-tion and answer form similar to actualFCC tests, all eight elements are covered,including law, radiotelephone, radiotele-graph, aircraft and ship radar. Abbrevia-tions, code, etc. included. Hard cover.736 pages. Price $7.10.

HOW TO INSTALL &SERVICE AUTO RADIOS

By Jack Darr. This second edition con-tains much practical information of realuse to technicians. In addition to servicedata on antennas, intermittents, noisesuppression, speakers and troubleshoot-ing, transistorized and hybrid radios arecovered. 6-12 volt conversions are ex-plained. Soft cover 160 pages. Price $3.25.

INTERNATIONALELECTRONIC TUBE

HANDBOOKPublished by De Muikerkring N.V. Anunusual format is used by this American -Foreign tube manual: diodes, triodes.etc., are numerically grouped by differentcolor bands. A schematic drawing of thespecific tube socket with a commonlyused circuit stage is illustrated, withvolt -amp values listed next to the pinnumber. 402 pages. Vinyl cover. $4.00.

2 -WAY MOBILE RADIOHANDBOOK

By Jack Helmi. The fast growing mobileradio field is expertly covered in 10 il-lustrated chapters exploring mobile radio,including: basic systems, receivers, trans-mitters, antennas, and control systems.One chapter covers servicing and settingup the shop. 208 pages. Soft cover. $3.95.

PIN POINT TRANSISTORTROUBLES IN 12 MINUTES

By Louis E. Garner, Jr. This comprehen-sive source of troubleshooting and repairinformation for all types of transistorizedequipment, directly referenced to recentlymanufactured transistorized radios, TVs,hearing aids, mobile receivers, pream-plifiers; audio amplifiers, auto radios,both hybrid and fully transistorized. 473pages, soft cover. $5.95.

101 WAYS TO USE YOUR* AUDIO TEST EQUIPMENT

By Robert G. Middleton. The author -tech-nician gives you the benefit of his practicalexperience in checking out audio gear. Atypical one of the 101 items mentions testrequired, discusses the equipment, connec-tions, procedures, and evaluation of re-sults. A test hookup is illustrated. Softcover. 136 pages. $2.00.

OBTAINING & INTERPRETINGTEST SCOPE TRACES

By John F. Rider. This handbook showshow to get the most out of your oscil-loscope. Over 800 traces are shown, in-cluding sine, square, rectangular, trape-zoid, sawtooth differentiated and inte-grated types. Explains scope connections,manipulating controls and test setups.Soft cover, 190 pages. Price $3.00.

BASIC ULTRASONICSBy Cyrus Glickstein. This excellent book,replete with many illustrations, coversthe subject of ultrasonics from the funda-mentals of sound through the varioustypes of equipment in use, to a widevariation of applications. Topics includeultrasonic generators, transducers, pulsedoutput and transistorized equipment. 144pages. Soft cover. $3.50.


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SERVICING TRANSISTORRADIOS

By Leonard D'Airo. After a brief dis-cussion of fundamentals, the text goesinto radio circuits, servicing techniques,tests, measurements and dictionary oftransistor terms. Interchangeability chartcovers a variety of close replacements,including number and type. Soft cover,224 pages. Price $2.90.

HOW TO RUN ASMALL BUSINESS

By J. K. Lasser. Here is a basic businessguidebook for service dealers and otheroperators of retail and small manufactur-ings firms. Covers record keeping, avoid-ing frauds, tax management, credit sales,insurance programs, how to buy an es-tablished business, financing and otherimportant topics. Hard cover, 400 pages.Price $4.95.

Books Described PreviouslyBASIC TELEVISION (5 vols.)INTRODUCTION TO PRINTED CIRCUITSBASIC ELECTRONICS (5 vols.)CLOSED CIRCUIT & INDUSTRIAL TVELECTRONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT

MANUAL S 7.50HANDBOOK OF BASIC CIRCUITS,

TV, FM, AM 5 7.50PINPOINT COLOR TV TROUBLES

IN 15 MINUTES 5 5.95PORTABLE AND CLOCK RADIOS S 2.75VACUUM TUBE CHARACTERISTICS S 1.80

BASIC PULSES 5 3.50FUNDAMENTALS OF TRANSISTORS S 3.50INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS HANDBOOK 522.50AUDIO MEASUREMENTS S 2.90ELECTRONICS IN INDUSTRY S 8.50HOW TO SERVICE TAPE RECORDERS S 2.90FUNDAMENTALS OF RADIO TELEMETRY 5 2.95HOME AIR CONDITIONING INSTALLATION

8 REPAIR 5 3.50SERVOMECHANISM FUNDAMENTALS 5 5.50ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS 513.00BASIC AUDIO S 9.95MODERN TRANSISTOR CIRCUITS S 8.50PHOTOTUBES 5 1.80MARINE ELECTRONICS HANDBOOK S 3.95GUIDE TO MOBILE RADIO 5 2.85MASTER RECEIVING PICTURE TUBE

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OSCILLOSCOPES AND THEIR USES 527.00A -C MOTOR CONTROL FUNDAMENTALS 5 5.95SERVICING HI-FI AM -FM TUNERS 5 2.95HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF

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* TUBE CADDY TUBESUBSTITUTION GUIDE BOOKBy H. A. Middleton. A pocket size guidefor caddy use, includes a list of foreigntube substitutions. It covers direct sub-stitutions only and is divided into 4 sec-tions. Sec. 1: lists substitutions with a"good" or "excellent" coding. Sec. 2: someruggedized substitutions. Secs. 3 & 4:European -American substitutions. SoftCover. 56 pages. $0.90.

100 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITSBy Milton Aronson & Charles Kezer.Ilere is a useful basic circuit referencebook covering a wide variety under eightmajor sections, including power supplies,amplifiers, oscillators, pulse circuits, testinstruments, alarms, phototubes and mis-cellaneous. In addition to the schematic,a page or two of text accompanies eachcircuit, explaining the operation andcharacteristics. Soft cover, 180 pages.Price $2.00.

Also See New Books on Page 72

HOW TO TROUBLESHOOTTV SYNC CIRCUITS

By Ira Kepler. Here is a practical and in-formative book on repairing that oftentroublesome part of the TV set, the syncsection. After discussing fundamentals,the author digs into sync troubles, com-mercial sync circuits and color TV sync.Includes signal traces and raster photos.128 pages, soft cover. $2.90.

BASICS OF FRACTIONALHORSEPOWER MOTORS

AND REPAIRBy Gerald Schweitzer. In this book theauthor examines: the operation of variousmotor types, including split -phase, ca-pacitor, repulsion, shaded pole, universaland three-phase motors; enclosures, wind-ings, control devices and protective de-vices. Two sections are devoted to motortesting, care and maintenance. 176 pages.Soft cover. .$7.90.

CUT HERE

ELECTRONIC MARKETERS 9-60

(ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN Book Dept.)480 Lexington AvenueNew York 17, N.Y.

I plan to build my technical library. Please send me the books I have indicatedbelow. You will pay postage. I understand that if I am not satisfied with any bookfor any reason, I may return it to you prepaid in good, clean condition within7 days of receipt and receive a complete refund.Enclosed is my check or money order, in full payment, made out to ELECTRONICMARKETERS.

.Two -Way Radio

.Industrial Control Circuits...101 Ways to use Your

Signal Generator...How to Use Meters... Basics of Induction Heating

(2 -Volume Set) Vol. 1

Vol. 2 ..... Basics of Digital Computers...Impedance Matching... Radio Operator's License

O & A Manual.. How to Install & Service

Auto Radios...International Electronic

Tube Handbook...2 -Way Mobile Radio

HandbookEnclosed is total payment of(If you have New York City

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$ 9.50 . Pin Point Transistor Troubles$ 3.90 in 12 Minutes @ $ 5.95

101 Ways to Use Your Audio$ 2.00 Test Equipment @ $ 2.00$ 3.50 Obtaining and Interpreting

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(Continued from page 39)NORTH CAROLINA.. . Yes, we would be willing to meet withservice dealer representatives. We thinkthis is a good idea.

Freck Radio & Supply Co., Inc.Asheville

OREGON.. . Your letter pertaining to the increas-ing tension between electronic parts dis-tributors and service dealers of unwar-ranted sales to consumers at wholesaleprices, was most welcome and we wouldlike to express our desire to meet withservice dealer representatives. We make ita policy, as an associate member of all ofthe active service dealer associations inour area, to have a representative presentat each and every meeting in order to keepabreast of the complaints of this naturethe service dealers might have.

Lou Johnson Co.Eugene

SOUTH DAKOTA. . . The servicing dealers of Sioux Fallscalled in the distributors for a meeting forthis specific purpose. They are disturbedthat we as distributors are selling partsand supplies to part time servicemen, whohold other jobs and work in the eveningsgive competition to the legitimate servicedealer. Servicemen propose that cards beissued to those people eligible to buy elec-tronic parts from local distributors, butthis idea went over like a lead balloon. Weexplained to the service dealer that wewere sympathetic with his problem andnone of the Sioux Falls distributors areinterested in selling parts to anyone whois not doing legitimate service work. Themeeting ended in harmony but nothing wasactually accomplished. The problem reallyis that we're over staffed with servicepeople in our town. However, there alwaysseems to be a few servicing dealers who,because of good management and goodbusiness practices are making an excellentliving. The boys who cry the hardest areusually the small time service shop, whohimself started as a part time service shopand is still trying to run his business thatway.

McKenzie Distributors, Inc.Sioux Falls

TENNESSEE... I would be glad to meet with servicedealer representatives.

Clark Radio SupplyBristol

TEXAS... We would be glad to sit down withany group and discuss the problems of ourindustry; however, we consider it wrongfor certain service groups to enter intoconspiracies to try to prevent any new-comer from entering the service business,and we would not become a part of such aconspiracy. We would lend our supportfinancially to a service organization dedi-cated to the upgrading of the televisionservice man.

Alltronic Supply, Inc.Amarillo

... You are right, there has been increas-ing tension between the service dealers andparts distributors and your assistance of -


fered is most commendable. We will behappy to work with you, your group, orany reasonable service -dealer representa-tion to see if we can't work better to-gether than by opposing each other. Thedistributor is NOT against the servicedealer; he is for him. Since we are notcarrying specific ham and industrial items,we do not have the problem some distrib-utors have of selling the individual buyer,the industrial technician, the ham, for hisown use. But we cannot blame the dis-tributors that do sell them. Can the dis-tributors say "We'll sell your company butwe will not sell to you" and retain the in-dustrials' business? Your help in gettingall parties to understand the viewpointsand problems of the others is a step great-ly needed in some quarters.

Electronic HeadquartersAustin

UTAH... We would be very happy to meet withother distributors and service dealers todiscuss common problems for the benefitof the industry. We do not have a localdistributor association, but I am sure theother distributors realize the seriousnessof conditions and would be agreeable tosuch a meeting.

Standard Supply Co.Salt Lake City

VIRGINIA. .. Our policy has been since our incep-tion to deal strictly with service men andno over the counter sales. Our relationswith our dealers are excellent. We wouldbe willing to meet with service dealersany time.

Arlington Electronic Wholesalers, Inc.Arlington

WASHINGTON... Any distributor or manufacturer, in-cluding the "catalog house" is better offnot selling to the public at either wholesaleor retail prices. In other words, the whole-saler, no matter how small or large hisoperation, has a definite wholesale functionto fulfill. The situation is entirely in thehands of the dealers, who can, as indi-viduals, control it by not purchasing fromthose who sell to dealers' customers. Suchmeetings as you describe have taken placerepeatedly in our area, and we cannot seethat they have been in any way effective.They seem merely to provide a soundingboard for the wholesaler who doesn't wantto discontinue his retail sales.

W. A. Geiger RadioEllensburg

WISCONSIN. . . Yes, the service dealer should havedone this a long time ago.

Harris Radio Corp.Fond du Lac

Association StatementsNATIONAL... You can be sure that NATESA hasalways had the latch string out for anygroup within the overall industry that iswilling to discuss mutual problems. Wehave on many occasions expressed ourviews on that subject. We are at this verymoment in process of top level exploration

with NEDA of the possibility of a meetingon mutual problems. I expect that such ameeting may take place shortly because"many chickens are beginning to comehome to roost."

Frank J. Moch, Executive DirectorNATESAChicago, Ill.

ILLINOIS. . I plan to ask some of our membersto have a meeting the next few weeksand discuss in detail your request for an-swers to the questions. We have some ideasand would like to finalize them jointly andsubmit to you our ideas on these questionswhich you have raised. As I mentioned ina previous letter, it was and still remainsmy main contention that the distributionproblem is perhaps the greatest evil whichthe servicemen have had to contend with,and we tried by picture to bring this hometo servicemen.

Howard Wolfson, EditorAssociated Radio & TV ServicemenChicago

KANSAS... Certainly TESA of Kansas would wel-come any such meeting and an open dis-cussion on the subject above mentioned.We would also make some concrete sug-gestions covering business practices. Defi-nitely we are opposed to any firmthat represents themselves as Wholesalersselling to the public at either wholesaleor retail. If a firm sets itself up as awholesale outlet and expects the businessof the retail dealer then they should abideby the choice they have made and so op-erate. If they wish to engage in retailselling then they should go into retail andnot wholesale field. We would slowly butsurely try to convince our members thatthey should carry and display an adequatestock of merchandise for sale to retail cus-tomers so that it would not be necessaryfor these retail buyers to wait for themto order from their supplier.

Earl H. MullenaxTESA of KansasWichita

MINNESOTA... Our association has always been will-ing to meet with distributors to discussour problems. We are proud of conditionsas they exist in St. Paul today. Distrib-utors and Factory Representatives are allconsidered honorary members of our As-sociation and a good many of them reg-ularly attend our monthly meetings. Thereis only one distributor that refused to co-operate with our group-consequently noneof us make any purchases from him andhe continues his past practices of sellingretail to anyone calling at his store. Wehave had a local city licensing ordinancefor TV repairs since 1955. This ordinanceclearly states that anyone in the businessof repairing TV or radios must have thissaid license. Our local distributors haveagreed to sell only to licensed shops andthe regular industrial trade. Our local dis-tributors are convinced that their futuredepends on our future and are only toowilling to do anything that will benefitthe industry. Our local licensing ordinancewas the start and is the foundation for allthe good productive results we have ob-

51

Gained in getting recognition from theChamber of Commerce, Better BusinessBureau, Minnesota State Department ofBusiness Development, the local news-paper, phone company and the public atlarge. All shop owners throughout the goodold U.S. should greatly appreciate yourstand in this controversy.

Joe Driscoll,Chairman, Civic Affairs

TESA of St. PaulSt. Paul

MISSOURI. . . I am writing as a representative ofTESA St. Louis (affiliate of NATESA).Our association would be more than willingto meet with distributors to discuss theproblem. The six steps you have for com-batting the problem in the July editorialdo not leave much to be added, except thatI believe that the service dealers shouldcooperate fully with any distributor whoagrees to sell only to qualified servicers.No matter what his feelings have been inthe past towards the distributor. Wholesaleto everyone is undoubtedly our most seri-ous problem today. I feel that you havemade a giant step forward in attackingthis. You have certainly gained a lot ofrespect with servicing dealers.

Gene Love, PresidentTESA St. LouisSt. Louis

NEW JERSEY... Question 1. We, the Tri-State Councilmembers as well as others (electronic tech-nicians) in the Tri-State area have al-ready, as you may know, met with ourlocal distributor jobbers to discuss theproblems mentioned and we would do soagain, if it will bring to us, honest recog-nition and a better understanding of theproblem. Question 2. (a) At our recentsuccessfully held Tri-State TELERAMA'60 in Atlantic City, N. J. on June 24,25, 26th the following motion was adoptedat the service industry forum (held onSunday afternoon) to obtain better publicrelations. We, the Tri-State Council ofTV Service Associations (Del., E. Pa., andN. J.) plan to establish "What are fairprices for TV repairs" by circulating ques-tionnaires to all technicians in the Dela-ware Valley, concerning their current tech-nical & operating charges and therebycoming to an average with which we canbase what will be considered a "fair stand-ard" (comparable to other technical pro-fessions). The "consumer" must then beeducated, not to accept higher and higherprices, but to accept what shall be con-sidered by each individual servicer, as fairtechnical and operating charges. I answerto Queston 2. (b) Distributors selling tothe public has been going on and seemsto increase mainly because there are "toomany" distributors trying to spread theirtentacles in too many places. "8 (or 9 or 10or 11 etc.) GREAT STORIES TO SERV-ICE YOU"-I'm sure they don't mean (toserve) me. Unfortunately they seem tohave the attitude that the serviceman isa "necessary evil" or that he is unim-portant. I think we have what might beconsidered as, "illegitimate part-time dis-tributors" and the manufacturers shouldtake cognizance of the "facts" or maybethey don't "give a hoot"! For years, I've

felt that the "distributor" was to blamefor the loss of electronics technician"prestige." When they (the distributor/jobber) sold the consumer public at whole-sale prices and made us look like "crooks"instead of businessmen. From this,stemmed the factory and captive serviceproblems as a result. Manufacturers, dis-tributors and service should unify theirefforts to correct this-NOW! They (themanufacturers) should keep in mind-thelegitimate technician (not the milkman,truck drivers, etc.) is the liaison betweenthe "MAKER" and the "USER" of allELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT! (Whew! )

Tony De Franco, Editor

The VanguardTri-State Council of TV ServiceAssociationsCamden

NEW YORK

... We have already held two monthlymeetings with our local distributors. It isplanned that we will continue such meet-ings after the hot weather has subsided.The most recent meeting was last monthat which time we feel that some gains weremade. Distributors have (last year) agreedto stop open type of mailings in which thenet prices are in plain sight. All distrib-utors in attendance agreed to obtain thenames and addresses on all cash sales.Each agreed to attempt to discourage theretail trade from entering their stores.They also state that they will institute asliding scale of discounts with the full timetechs receiving the better break. One veryimportant door has been opened. Hereto-fore, if we should confront a wholesalerwith the fact that he may have sold a tubeor part to one of our customers, he wouldlaugh in our face. The last meeting saw asuggestion made by one of our local mem-bers, that we form a committee to whomany cases of sales to consumers by a dis-tributor could be reported. This committeewould then in turn, confront the distribu-tor in question with the information. Inthis way, the owner of the distributioncompany would gain the facts first -handedinstead of through the grapevine. This sug-gestion was made as a stab in the darkand to our surprise, the distributors rep-resented agreed to abide with the sugges-tion. We might add that one particulardistributor is partly responsible for thegroup's agreement. This party was thefirst to emphatically agree by saying itwas a darn good idea. This same distribu-tor was also the first one to decide to sellonly to the recognized trade. He has beendoing this for the past two or three monthsnow and says he can see an improvementin his business. As for any concrete sug-gestions about business practices, I amnot too sure that at this time anyone hasthe answers to this problem. We of servicecan help by not sending our customers tothe wholesaler to pick-up parts. Once acustomer finds out where our suppliers are,he will then go back again. We also canhelp by supporting our own local distribu-tors. The distributors can help the most bynot selling to the public at all.

Warren Baker, SecretaryTSAAlbany

... Yes!Elmore L. Bement, Secretary

Western New York Electronics GuildBuffalo

NORTH CAROLINA. . . We surely appreciate your positionand help in our problems. Our associationhas met with local distributors with littleor no difference. One distributor flatlystated he intends to run his business theway he wants and for us to do the same.Needless to say the bulk of his trade isto the general public and part-timers ofwhich we are overly (blessed?) with. Wehave a few part-timers who are well quali-fied but the majority are electronic butch-ers. Our attempts to expose these andthe shady full time operators has onlybrought criticism.Radio & TV Service Dealers Associationof DurhamDurham

OHIO... I have been a full time shop ownerfor 31 years, have subscribed to many dif-ferent Technical Magazines during theseyears. Never, and I do mean NEVER, haveI come across a Technical Magazine, withthe EXCEPTION of Electronic Techni-cian, who was willing to go to battle forthe technician. Electronic Technicianthrough your fine editorials calling to theattention of the service industry the manyproblems of the service dealer and tech-nician, has done much to assist in ourfight against unfair practices. In your let-ter you ask for the answers to two ques-tions: 1. Our state association and any ofour local associations would be more thanwilling to meet with the distributors todiscuss the problem of retail sales to thepublic at wholesale prices. 2. We wouldrecommend the following business prac-tices be followed by all technicians andservice dealers: (a) Buy all parts fromlocal parts distributors. (b) Pay all ofyour bills as soon as due. (c) Don't"chisel" your distributor, he also has tomake a living. (d) Make no purchasesfrom a distributor who sells your cus-tomer. We would recommend the followingbusiness practices be followed by all partdistributors: (a) Give the best discountyou can, and still make money for thebusiness. (b) Don't sell to any one whocannot give you evidence of being in theservice business. (c) Don't permit employ-ees to purchase parts for their friends.(d) Don't permit your employees to serviceon the side. (e) Make a definite decisionwhich is the most important for the futureof your business: the occasional retail saleor the business of the service dealer monthin and month out.

J. P. Graham, SecretaryTESA-OhioColumbus

... Most assuredly our association wouldbe willing to meet distributors to discussthis problem. We have been working onconcrete suggestions covering business



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Difficult Service Jobs Described by Readers

Misaligned Switch WaferWeakens Reception

A General Electric Model 14T020TV receiver was brought into theshop when tube replacements failedto correct its weak reception. Thecustomer said that the set had al-ways been weak, even when new,and that a new antenna had failed

Fig. 1-A G -E tuner wafer was misaligned,resulting in weak reception on all channels.

to improve reception.The i -f gain was checked and

found normal. This indicated thatthe trouble was in the tuner. Volt-age checks proved to be normal andseveral tubes were tried with littlechange in operation. (The tuneruses a neutralized tetrode for anr -f amplifier and some tubes per-form better than others.) Next, re-sistance checks were made and theantenna coil checked, but all meas-urements were still normal.

This switch tuner had four wafersections and I noted that the fingeron the rotor of the third wafer,which feeds the converter grid, was

90 degrees out of alignment fromthe others (see Fig. 1). A quickcheck of the schematic showed thatall the rotor fingers should be point-ed in the same direction.

After disassembling the tunerand aligning the third wafer rotorwith the others (the center shaft issquare, permitting a 90° change inposition), the set worked perfectly.Voltage and resistance readingswere not affected because the coilson this wafer are isolated from therest of the circuit, as far as d -c isconcerned, by small -value capaci-tors.-Albert J. Krukowski, WestSpringfield, Mass.

Cable ContaminationCauses Snow

What appeared to be a routineservice call for a complaint of poorsignals on the weaker channels, be-came an involved shop repair. Theset in question was a Zenith 19A20.

Fig. 2-A defec-tive tuner cablewith a 20,000ohm short be-tween the innerlead and ground-ed shield causedsnow and poorvideo detail in a

Zenith 19A20 TVset. Pressingagainst the 1stvideo i -f tube'sgrid socket pin,it created a par-tial grid -to -ground short.

The customer complained that thestrong channels were normal, butthe distant ones were snowy, and thepicture appeared "faded looking."After substituting the appropriatetubes and checking the antenna-the condition remained. Consequent-ly, I informed my customer theset needed shop attention and heconsented.

Voltage checks were made in theshop and a damaged B resistor inthe 6BZ7 cascode r -f stage becamesuspect, (a common ailment in tun-ers employing cascode circuitry). Acheck of the tuner was made, reveal-ing no defects. Next, I measured thei -f plate voltages, and found them tobe normal. The age voltage also ap-peared normal.

A more thorough check of the firstvideo i -f voltages, as shown in Fig.2, uncovered a discrepancy. The gridand cathode were about twenty volts


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Your votes made these Raytheon tubes

6X8

RAYTHEON

D UNILINEaFIRST IN QUALITY

6AX4GT

RAYTHEONUNILINE/

,FIRST IN QUALITY

i

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RAYTHEOND UNILINE/

FIRST IN QUALITY

.1$tI16CB6A 6AU4GTA BBGBGTA/B

THE TEN MOST

LJNI1J II }IIIT -Raytheon's new standard ofreceiving tube quality is the result of your votes in ourCrusade Against Call -Backs.

Raytheon took the ten tube types you voted to be the greatest troublemakers(regardless of brand) and made them the front-runners in our new line of tubes-UNILINE. With new improvements, new packaging, and a unique sampler "Ten-Pack," these tubes were introduced to the market only three months ago. Result?Tremendous acclaim from every section of the industry!

UNILINE receiving tubes give you trouble -free performance, highest qualityin the industry, happy service customers ... minimum call-backs.* You can proveUNILINE superiority to yourself ... simply call your Raytheon distributor today!

*See your distributor for literature describing unique Uniline features.

,'

RAYTHEOND UNILINEa

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DISTRIBUTOR PRODUCTS DIVISIONWESTWOOD, MASSACHUSETTS

"Take10andSee"


cs,..

\M)

A.C. HOUSEHOLD ELECTRICITYAnywhere ... in your own rod

Operates Standard A.C. Record PlayersDictating MachinesSmall Radios Electric ShaversHeating Pads, etc.In your own car or boat!

110,

,i:i'i!!;.t.

Ih

FÓRDUCTSMODERNLIVING

ATRPLUG-IN TYPE

PORTABLE

INVERTERS'MODELS6-RMF (6 volts) 60 to 80watts. Shipping weight 12lbs. DEALER NETPRICE $33.0012--RME (12 volts) 90 to125 watts. Shipping weight12 lbs.PRICE

DEALER NET

Additional Models Available

I:P

A?R "A"BatteryELIMINATOR

For Demonstrating andTesting Auto Radios-

TRANSISTOR or VIBRATOROPERATED!

Designed for testing D.C.Electrical Apparatus on Reg.ular A.C. Lines-Equippedwith Full -Wave Dry Disc -Type Rectifier, assuringnoiseless, interference -freeoperation and extreme longlife and reliability.

MAY ALSO BE USED AS A BATTERY CHARGERMODEL 610C-ELIF ... 6 volts at 10 amps. or 12 voltSat 6 amps. Shipping weight 22 lbs.

DEALER NET PRICE $49.95MODEL 620C -FLIT ... 6 volts at 20 amps. Or 12 volts at10 amps. Shipping weight 33 lbs.

DEALER NET PRICE. . . . $66.95

AUTO -RADIO

VIBRATORSAIR

By every test ATR AutoRadio Vibrators are best!

and feature Ceramic }s

Stack Spacers, Instant Start-ing, Large Oversized TungstenContacts, Perforated Reed, -plus Highest Precision Con-struction and Workmanship andQuiet Operation! .y.There Is an ATR VIBRATOR forevery make of earl `9

Ask your distributor for ATR's Low Priced type 1400,6 volt 4 -prong Vibrator; and 1843, 12 volt 3 -prong; or1840, 12 volt 4 -prong Vibrator. THE WORLD'S FINEST!

There is a trim platekit for YOUR CAR! ATR

KARADIOCUSTOMIZED

\

Vibrator -Operatedwith Tone Control.

ATR KARADIO ... isy_ ideal for small importcars or compactAmerican cars! Unit

is completely self-contained-extremely compact! Pow-erful 8 -tube performance provides remarkable freedomfrom engine, static, and road noises. The ATRCustomized Karadio comes complete with speaker andready to install. Can be mounted in -dash or under -dash-wherever space permits! No polarity problem. NeutralGray -Tan. baked enamel finish. Overall size. 7" deep,4" high, and 61/2'' wide. Shipping weight, radio set, 7 lbs.Model K-1279-12 for 12V Dealer Net Price. . $33.57Model K-1279- 6.for 6V Dealer Net Price. . $33.57

Airplane Style OverheadMounting under Cab RoofA TRUCK

KARADIOExcellent Tone.Volume, and Sensitivity!Compact, yet powerful. Fitsall trucks, station wagons, --'most cars and boats. Just drill a 1/2 inch hole in roof andsuspend the one-piece unit (aerial, chassis and speaker)in minutes. Watertight mounting assembly holds anten-na upright. Yoke -type bracket lets you tilt radio toany angle.

Extra -sensitive radio has 6 tubes (2 double -purpose).over -size Alnico 5 PM speaker for full, rich tone. Big,easy -to -read illuminated dial. Fingertip tuning control.Volume and tone controls. 33 -in. stainless steel antenna.Neutral gray -tan enameled metal cabinet. 7 x 61/2 x 4 in.high over-all. Shipping weight 101/ lbs.Model TR-1279-12A for 12V Dealer Net Price $41.96Model TR-1279- 6A.for 6V Dealer Net Price 541.96

NO PRINTEDCIRCUITRY

SEE YOUR ELECTRONIC PARTS DISTRIBUTORWRITE FACTORY FOR FREE LITERATURE...

AMERICAN TELEVISIONS RADIO CO.2wal ty P,adwera S.ece f93!

SAINT PAUL I, MINNESOTA-U. 5. A.


News of the Industry

MERCURY ELECTRONICS hasnamed ALVIN GRAD as NationalSales Mgr.

SWITCHCRAFT reports the ap-pointment of CLYDE J. SCHULTZas Sales Promotion Mgr.

WELLER ELECTRIC has beenjoined by JOSEPH J. BARRESE inthe post of Industrial Sales Mgr.

BRAND PRODUCTS has announcedthe appointment of JERRY ZUCKER-MAN as Product Sales Mgr.

INT'L. RESISTANCE has an-nounced the election of GEORGE D.BUTLER, Dir. of Marketing, as a VicePres. of the firm.

CBS ELECTRONICS has namedTHOMAS S. HURLEY to the newpost of Supervisor of Merchandisingand Advertising for semiconductoroperations.

STROMBERG-CARLSON announ-ces the appointment of JOE M.TITUS to the post of Dist. Mgr., highfidelity sales in the Pacific Northwestterritory.

INT'L. RECTIFIER DistributorSales Div. reports the appointment ofWALTER L. SCHOTT as Mgr. TheSelenium Products Div. has announcedthe promotion of JOHN D. VICKREYto Sales Mgr.

RAYTHEON Distributor ProductsDiv. announces the following two ap-pointments: RALPH B. KNAPP, JR.,Mgr. of Operations, a newly -createdpost; and BOYD B. BARRICK, Gen-eral Sales Mgr. of the division.

BLONDER -TONGUE Foundationhas awarded two grants to the MID-WEST AIRBORNE TELEVISIONPROJECT called Stratovision: oneprovides for instruction of teachers inutilization of educational TV, and theother is to equip a high school to re-ceive programs televised on the pro-ject.

RCA Electron Tube Div. is offeringindependent TV service dealers fournew approaches to store improvementand business development as the lat-est phase of the "Set Up For GreaterProfits" program. An 11 lesson color -TV home study course, prepared byRCA INSTITUTES, also is offered aspart of the program. The ElectronicTube Div. also announces the follow-ing appointments: JOHN R. MEAG-HER, Mgr. Electronic InstrumentsMerchandising, Distributor ProductsDept.; and KENNETH B. SHAFFER,Mgr., Distributor Sales.

Solder -PenA Soldering Iron that Folds Up and

Tucks away in Your Pocket

-====11.11,1

Whether replacing a component that require,.30 seconds of soldering, or building Hi -Fi Am-plifiers that require hours of continuous work,you will find this unique Solder Pen less fatiguingand more adaptable than any other solderingiron that you have ever used. The shatter -proofhandle and cover is designed for durability, andthe Fast -Heating element packs 30 watts ofuseful power. And when you are finished solder-ing, you can unscrew the handle and use it tocover the copper tip; you eliminate all chancesof burning yourself with a hot iron, and youcan put the iron into your tool case or pocket.MODEL A 1000 List Price $2.75

A complete line of Soldering Irons with theSolder -Chief label is available at leading dis-tributors. Or write to

L.I. ELECTRO -LABS, INC.De pf. 502 AS

1186 Broadway Hewlett, N. Y.


The LUXO MAGNIFIERIDEAL FOR VISUAL ACCURACY

ON SERVICE,

TEST AND

INSPEC-

TION

BENCHES.

The Luxo Illuminated Magnifier combines dis-tortion -free magnification, cool, shadow -freefluorescent light and maneuverability into oneversatile fixture.

The Luxo Magnifying Lamp reduces eyestrainand fatigue and increases visual accuracy whenworking with miniaturized circuits and assem-blies, reading parts numbers and making termi-nal identifications.

Built into every Magnifier are the world-famous Luxo features-modern design, qualityconstruction, flexibility, portability and service-ability.

Luxo Lamps are also available in Incandes-cent, Fluorescent and Combination models.

AU UL approved.Order from your supplier or write:

LUXO LAMP CORPORATIONSan Francisco, Cal. PORT CHESTER, N. Y. Montreal, Gua.


This service man is installing insurance against

costly call-backs ... capacitors made with MYLAR'

You can save money by using ca-pacitors insulated with "Mylar"*polyester film ... eliminate wastedcall-backs for failure of newly in-stalled capacitors. "Mylar" meanssuperior performance for four im-portant reasons.1. High dielectric strength .. ."Mylar" averages 4,000 volts permil breakdown strength.2. Long life ... neither time, tem-perature nor highest humiditiesaffect the stability of "Mylar".3. Size reduction ... the highdielectric strength of "Mylar",

coupled with its great physicalstrength, permits its use in thin-nest gauges. Smaller capacitors areideal for hard -to -get -at jobs .. .save precious space.4. Proven value... leading man-ufacturers make capacitors insu-lated with "Mylar" for criticalmilitary applications, missiles andsensitive electronic computers.

aU PONT"Millar" is Du Pont'sregistered trademarkfor its polyester film.

le,. U. S. PA, OF'

BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING...THROUGH CHEMISTRY


Next time you order, ask yourdistributor for the extra reliability.long life and economy of trouble -free capacitors made with" Mylar".And for test data that details thebasic properties of "Mylar", writefor Du Pont's free booklet. E. I.du Pont de Nemours & Co. (Inc.),Film Dept., Room #16, Wilming-ton 98, Delaware.

DU PONT

MYLARPOLYESTER FILM

59

SENCORE

Time Saver

3

SENC

HORIZOSC.

HORIZ.O.P.

STAGE

HORIZ.FLYBACKXFORMER

HORIZ.DEFLECYOKE

E

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VERT.O.P.

STAGE

VERT.O.P.

XFORMER

VERT.DEFLECYOKE

econds ...

TR9VRtESMOOiER

PROPEL 55105PROVIDES:

The missing link in TV service. .

SS105 SWEEP CIRCUIT TROUBLE SHOOTERIT'S A ...UNIVERSAL HORIZONTAL OSCILLATOR. For direct sub-stitution. No wires to disconnect in most cases. Traces trouble rightdown to the defective component. Variable output from 0-200 volts,peak -to -peak. Oscillator will sync to TV sync signal giving check onsync circuits.

HORIZONTAL OUTPUT CATHODE CURRENTCHECKER. A proven method that quickly checks the condition ofthe horizontal output tube and associated components. Adaptor socketprevents breaking wires. Easily replaceable Roll Chart gives all necessarypin, current and voltage data. New Roll Charts are Free.

UNIVERSAL DEFLECTION YOKE. A new, simple way to deter-mine yoke failure accurately-w ithout removing yoke from picture tube.Merely disconnect one yoke lead and substitute. If high voltage (alsobright vertical line) is restored, TV yoke is defective.DYNAMIC FLYBACK TRANSFORMER CHECKER. Merelyflip switch to "Flyback Check" anu meter will indicate condition offlyback transformer, in degrees of horizontal deflection. Extremely sensi-tive and accurate; even shows up one shorted turn on flyback.VOLTMETER. For testing bootstrap, screen and other voltages.Direct -reading voltmeter, 0-1000 volts.

UNIVERSAL VERTICAL OSCILLATOR. Checks oscillator,output transformer and yoke. Merely touch lead to component andcheck picture on screen.

SS 1 05 is completely self-contained, noth-ing 4952else is needed. New Improved Circuit... DEALER NET L

ALL PARTS

SENCOREU

MADE IN AMERICA ADDISON 2, ILLINOIS


Vaco TERMINALS DISPLAY"Cash Register Solderless Terminal

Assortments," a new display in theform of a cash drawer, may be placedon the counter, hung on the wall or infront of the cash register. #5000 con-tains 1,000 non -insulated solderlessterminals plus crimcut tool. #4900 con-tains 500 insulated terminals plus spe-cial crimping tool. The display is freewith the purchase of an assortment.131/4" wide, 91/4" deep, 2" high; has 20compartments for terminals and 1

compartment for tool. Vaco ProductsCo., 317 E. Ontario St., Chicago 11,Ill.For more data, circle 9-60-2 on coupon, p. 78

Reps & Distributors

SWITCHCRAFT has named WIL-FRED L. CALLAHAN as sales repfor the upper N. Y. State territory.

MORTON L. FRIEDMAN CO. hasannounced a move to new and largerquarters at 4751 N. Rockwell Ave.,Chicago 25, Ill.

ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING an-nounces publication of a 250 pagecatalog issued by FERGUSON ELEC-TRONICS, INC., including the prod-ucts of 80 manufacturers.

SYLVANIA announces the appoint-ment of SABINE SUPPLY CO. asfranchised distributor of their TVsets, radios, and stereo phonos in theDallas -Ft. Worth area.

MCLOUD & RAYMOND reportsthat GEORGE A. BROWN has joinedthe staff to head the new offices at 4220Mackay St., Salt Lake City, Utah.

SLATE & CO. has named LEON-ARD B. KELLERMAN to the post ofBronx Dist. Mgr.

STONE SALES CO. announces pub-lication of "The Corner Stone," toreach distributor personnel not nor-mally contacted by the representa-tive. Currently being sent direct toover 600 distributor personnel in theSouthern Calif. area, interested andqualified persons may receive the pub-lication monthly by writing the com-pany and submitting their names,home addresses, and name of theiremployers.

Catalogs & Bulletins

1961 ELECTRONICS CATALOG: 320 pages.Covers the firm's own equipment, in kitform and completely assembled. Also:latest stereo hi-fi components of majormanufacturers; selections of radio &TV components and accessories; CBequipment, PA equipment and parts,etc. Lafayette Radio Electronics Corp.,165-08 Liberty Ave., Jamaica 33, N. Y.For more data, circle 9-60-3 on coupon, p. 78

TV COMPONENTS: Bulletin #569 covers:deflection yoke, DY35A, exact replace-ment for Philco #76-9173-13 and 76-9173-14; deflection yoke, DY36A, exactreplacement for Emerson #708353.Both have extensive application in TVsets using 90° deflection tubes. Alsocovered: filter choke C-2343 with aninductance of 0.75 Henries at 300 d -cMA. Chicago Standard TranformerCorp., 3501 Addison St., Chicago 18,Ill.For more data, circle 9-60-4 on coupon, p. 78


SOLDERING TOOLS: Catalog VG -250, 12pages, contains latest prices, descrip-tion and illustrations of solderingirons, soldering pencils, safety tool -holders, solder pots, wax pots, gluepots, and branding irons. Vulcan Elec-tric Co., 88 Holten St., Danvers, Mass.For more data, circle 9-61-2 on coupon, p. 78

TRANSISTOR CHECKER: Technical bulletincovers new model 1003 transistorchecker, which permits direct readingof the following d -c parameters: Beta,ICO, Inverted Beta, and IEO. Includedare: description; method of operation;specifications; and prices. DynatronLabs., 71 Glenn Dr., Camarillo, Calif.For more data, circle 9-61-3 on coupon, p. 78

CB 2 -WAY RADIOS: A colorful, illustrated,circular describes "CBD" citizens bandtwo-way radios. Explanation of citi-zens band radio; licensing and oper-ating information, description of the"CBD" models, specifications, prices,and listing of accessories are included.Pearce -Simpson, Inc., 2295 N.W. 14thSt., Miami, Fla.For more data, circle 9-61-4 on coupon, p. 78

WIRE SOLDER TOOL: Illustrated literatureand parts list, quantity prices, etc., areavailable covering a new line of Kor-mat bayonet type probes, designed toprovide effective universal simplifica-tion of soldering, particularly in hard -to -reach places. International Elec-tronic Research Corp., 135 W. Mag-nolia Blvd., Burbank, Calif.For more data, circle 9-61-5 on coupon, p. 78

TUBES & PARTS: A free Certificate, suita-ble for framing, stating that the dealeruses only brand new, first quality, na-tionally advertised, standard brandtubes and parts is offered to servicedealers who purchase nationally ad-vertised standard brand tubes, partsand components. Free price list alsoavailable. Universal Teletronics Corp.,8 Gary Rd., Syosset, N. Y.For more data, circle 9-61-6 on coupon, p. 78

PARTS, TUBES & ACCESSORIES: Twelveyears of the firm's TV, plus radios,record players, and phono combina-tions are covered in an all -new, loose-leaf, plastic -bound, manual. Twentysections, with many cross references.Accessories, range from antennas andbatteries to tubes, and wrenches. Elec-trical and mechanical specifications,over 375 pages. Available through Ze-nith distributors only, at a special in-troductory price. Zenith Sales Corp.,6001 W. Dickens Ave., Chicago 39, Ill.

PRINTED CIRCUITS: Printed Circuit Re-placement Manual, K-352, 16 pages,lists ceramic -base printed electroniccircuits used in radios and TV setsmanufactured from Jan. 1950 throughJan. 1960. Also, tabulation of the firm'sline of 179 replacement printed circuitswith schematic drawings, ratings,prices, etc. Available without chargefrom the firm's distributors, or bysending 10¢ to Sprague Products Co.,North Adams, Mass.

FIND TUBE TROUBLES OTHERS MISS !

A

New

Dynamic

Approach

Check over1300 tubes for

CathodeEmission

GridEmission

leakage

Shorts Gas

SENCORE " MiG Tli%MiTE " TUBE CHECKERAnswers the needs of the fast moving, profit minded servicemanwho hates time consuming call backs. A "mite" to carry but awhale of a performer that spots bad tubes missed by large mutualconductance testers.New unique "stethoscope" approach tests for grid emission andleakage as high as 100 megohms, yet checks cathode current atoperating levels. Special short test checks for shorts between allelements. The MIGHTY MITE will test every radio and TV tubethat you encounter (over 1300!) plus picture tubes, foreign, five starand auto radio tubes (without damage). As easy to set up as a"speedy tester" from easy to follow tube booklet. New tube chartsfree of charge.AND check these added Sencore servicing features: . Meter glowsin dark for easy reading behind TV set Stainless steel mirror incover for TV adjustments . Rugged, all steel carrying case andeasy grip handle Smallest complete tester made.

Model TC109 DEALER NET 595O

r

Use it everyday In everyway. Especially designedso you can transfer in-ner chassis to your tubecaddy, bench or counter.Only 9" x 8" x 21/2".

Ask your distributor for the "MIGHTY MITE" with the mirror in the coverALL PARTS

SEN

LW ODE. IN AMERICA

SENCOREADDISON 2, ILLINOIS


Stancor PA TRANSFORMERSThree new 70.7v line to voice coil

transformers have been added to thefirm's line of public address trans-formers. Each of the new units coversa 5 watt power range, by steps of 1watt. A-8080 is 1 to 5 watts; A-8081is 6 to 10 watts; and A-8082 is 11 to15 watts. All units have primary im-pedances that are matched to theproper 70.7v line power steps andhave secondary impedances of 8 and16 ohms. Chicago Standard Trans-former Corp., 3501 Addison, Chicago18, Ill.For more data, circle 9-61-7 on coupon, p. 78

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN Seatember. 196061

Tips for Home and Bench Service

Speaker Needs Ground ReturnIf you get a 1960 Pontiac, Chev-

rolet, Oldsmobile or Buick radio onthe bench (or one of many earlier

Fig. 1-When this auto radio speaker is

plugged into the set while on the bench forrepairs, the interlock switch is automaticallyopened. If a separate clip -lead ground con-nection is not made between speaker frameand chassis, the transistor can "pop.'

radios), don't assume the speaker isgrounded to chassis. Ground thespeaker to the radio chassis with aclip lead. If not, you can "pop" theoutput transistor.

Referring to the schematic in Fig.1, note that the output stage has aninterlock switch between the outputtransformer and the speaker. Thepurpose of this interlock switch isto ground the output transformerspeaker tap in case the speaker isdisconnected. This provides a loadfor the output at all times.

Suppose only the one speaker leadis connected to a radio on the benchand no ground return is used. Inthis case the interlock switch isopen, the speaker is ungrounded,and there is no load on the outputtransformer. If the volume of theradio is now turned up, transient

spikes across the output transform-er of 80 to 90 volts could be devel-oped, exceeding the transistor lim-its.-General Motors Corp., DelcoRadio Div., Kokomo, Indiana.

Substitute TV ControlShaft Covers

The plastic needle guard that ac-companies every "Power Point"phono cartridge can perform an-other useful job-as TV controlshaft covers. They are easily adapt-ed to replace worn rubber controlshaft covers found on many rearTV controls. The original equip-ment rubber covers crumble awayover a period of years.

They can also be used to identifyauxiliary operating controls at therear of the receiver. This wouldminimize the chances of a customerdisturbing the vertical linearity orheight control, when he wants toincrease brightness. Frank M.Dickinson, Stony Point, N. Y.

Repairing Arcing Fly -BacksThe problem of eliminating coro-

na discharge or high voltage arcingfrom a fly -back transformer, espe-cially at the coil end of the H.V.rectifier plate lead, frequently aris-es. I have tried acrylic sprays andcorona dope with only partial suc-cess.

When acrylic spray doesn't over-come the condition I strip the "wax"insulation coating from defectivehorizontal output transformers,melt some of this and allow it toflow to a substantial depth over thetroubled area of the fly -back. I usemy soldering gun to melt the ma-terial, letting it flow over the trou-ble area.-Stanley Block, Bronx,New York.

Eico Scope ImprovementThe sweep vernier in Model 460

Eico oscilloscope is a 10 megohm

potentiometer. Its wide resistancerange makes it difficult to obtain astationary pattern at times, as us-ers may already know.

By placing a 500K control inseries with the original sweepvernier, as shown in Fig. 2, a lesscritical position can be easily found.The original sweep vernier is used

Fig. 2-Eico Model 460 scope can be modi-fied to stabilize sync by installing a 500K potin series with sweep vernier control. It actsas u "fine" frequency control.

to obtain a close adjustment to thecorrect frequency; in effect a"coarse" control. The inserted po-tentiometer acts as a "fine" control,enabling the user to obtain a sta-tionary pattern without any diffi-culty. The mounting for the newcontrol can be made above and tothe right of the standard sweepvernier. M. E. West, Lenoir, N. C.

SHOP HINTS WANTED!$3 to $10 for acceptable items. Use drawings toillustrate whenever necessary. A rough sketch willdo. Photos are desirable. Unacceptable items willbe returned if accompanied by a stamped envel-ope. Send your entries to "Shop Hints" Editor,ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN, 480 Lexington Ave.,New York 17, N. Y.


"We're real proud of our expensive golden grids. Ordinary5005 and 50EH5 tubes just don't have them. We're proudbecause our golden grids kill secondary emission ... wipe outdistortion, runaway plate current, early failures and call-backs for you. (P.S. We've got short -proof and burnout -proofcoil heaters too.)"

Yes, the new CBS 5005 and 50EH5 offer you total re-liability ... proved in performance by leading radio set manu-facturers. You, too, can profit from the total reliability ofCBS tubes. Just make it a habit always to replace with CBS.

CBS TUBES

CBS ELECTRONICS, Danvers, Mass.A Division of Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc.

Receiving, industrial and picture tubes transistors and diodesaudio components and phonographs

we'vegot

(NO RUNAWAY PLATECURRENT FOR YOU)

Free barium from the cathodesof ordinary 5005 and 50EH5 tubesdeposits itself on their controlgrids. Secondary grid emissionbuilds up. Bias is progressivelyreduced, resulting in distortion,climbing plate current, heat, andcatastrophic failure.

The premium golden controlgrids in CBS 5005 and 50EH5tubes, on the other hand, combinewith the free barium to form a non -emissive compound. Secondaryemission is stopped before it starts.


SAVE $ BYRENEWING NOW

PRICE TO BE INCREASED

During the past couple of years, every electronicmagazine serving the maintenance industry hasraised its subscription price-with one excep-tion-Electronic Technician. Since its inception in1953, ET has benefited its subscribers by holdingthe subscription rate down to its original intro-ductory price.

Quite candidly, the economic realities of increas-ing postage, labor and material costs during thepast seven years, coupled with the need for ex-panded reader services (more editors, more edi-torial pages, larger inquiry processing staff,etc.), make a price increase necessary.

Effective later this year, at a date to be an-nounced, prices will go up about 8/ per copy(or less for 2 & 3 year subscribers), which is amodest increase.

NEW RATES CURRENT RATES

$5 1 year $4

$8 2 years $6

$10 3 years $8

The above rates are for U. S., possessions andCanada. New rates for all other locations willbe $9 (1 year), $14 (2 years), and $18 (3 years).

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIANWorld's Largest Circulation Electronic Trade Publication

480 Lexington Avenue, New York 17, N. Y.

MONEY SAVING OPPORTUNITY

The reason for this advance notice to readersis to give you the opportunity to renew your sub-scription NOW at the lower old rates. Not onlywill you save money, but you will insure yourselfagainst any interruption in service; you won'tmiss a single issue.

For example, if your present subscription expiresin 1961, you can extend your subscription nowfor, say, 3 years, thereby assuring continuousservice at the current price until 1964. Normally,renewals are not invited until a subscription isabout to expire. However, you are being offeredthe chance to renew well in advance because webelieve it to be a publication's obligation to pro-tect its current subscribers as much as possible.

Here is all you need do to renew now. Simply cutout your address label from the cover of yourlast issue, paste it on the postage -free envelopefacing this page, and fill in the appropriateblanks. Of course, be sure to enclose your checkor money order.


New Electronic ProductsJFD ANTENNA MERCHANDISER

This display rack is shipped freewith each JFD PA515 Exact Replace-ment Antenna Dealers Stocking As-sortment of 13 newly released models.It tells customers and prospects where

JFD .,r,...1

. ,..

u ,tatius

they can find factory -quality antennareplacements for their portable or tote -able TV. Included is a 1960 Exact Re-placement Antenna Reference Guide.Dealer cost is $48.50 with rack andantennas. JFD Electronics Corp., 6101Sixteenth Ave., Bklyn 4, N. Y.For more data, circle 9-65-1 on coupon, p. 78

Int'l RectifierSILICON RECTIFIERS

Ruggedized, 500 ma rated siliconplug-in rectifiers reportedly utilizecompletely new diffusion techniques.Features include: low reverse current(200 µa) at rated PRV; higher thanaverage surge current rating (50amps peak, 1 cycle) ; and low forwardvoltage drop (0.92v). The units may

be rapidly snapped into radio -TV, mo-tor control, audio -amplifier, industrialpower supply and other circuits util-izing clip -type rectifier holders. TypesX5M2, X5M4, X5M5 and X5M6. Op-erating temperature range, -20°C to+130°C. Price, $1.00 to $1.70 (quan-tities 1-99). International RectifierCorp., 1521 E. Grand Ave., El Se-gundo, Calif.For more data, circle 9-65-2 on coupon, p. 78

Motorola TRANSISTOR TESTERA transistor test set being offered at

$17.95 features operating simplicity.Operating from built-in batteries, thetransistor set checks all units, includ-ing power transistors, for gain, leak-

age, drift and other important charac-teristics. The test set performs itsfunction by means of a simple audibleindication. Current is drawn from thetest set only during the actual test ofa transistor. Motorola Inc., 4545 W.Augusta Blvd., Chicago 51, Ill.For more dato, circle 9-65-3 on coupon, p. 78

Waterman OSCILLOSCOPEModel S -16-A TV & hi-fi Craftscope

is designed for use in radio, hi-fi,black -white and color TV, ship -to -shore radio, direction finders, mobileradio, etc. Size, iiz cu. ft. Weight, lessthan 20 lbs. All controls and signalinputs are front panel mounted. Fea-tures include signal inversion, trace

expansion with parading, built-incalibration, edge -lighting, direct read-ing vertical scales and an escutcheondesigned for camera mounting. Wideband d -c to 7 mc. Calibrated sensitiv-ity 100mv/cm. Hi sensitivity 2.5 myrms/cm. $245.00. Waterman ProductsCo., 2445 Emerald St., Philadelphia25, Pa.


Pyramid CAPACITOR RACKA new display rack, the Capac-o-

mat, provides fast capacitor selectionand simplified inventory control. It isdesigned to fit on parts distributors'standard shelving or hang on a wall.

It holds 54 electrolytic twist mountcapacitors, labeled and packaged intransparent Vu-paks, finished in yel-low and blue. The rack is sturdily con-structed and dust -free. Pyramid Elec-tric Co., 507 26th St., Union City, N. J.


MercuryCRT TESTER-REACTIVATOR

Model 800 is reported to employa new circuit designed to test, repairand reactivate every black and whiteor color picture tube made, whetherin the carton, out of the carton, or inthe set. Will test for quality, inter -element shorts and leakage, and life

expectancy. Patented test head has asingle cable plug-in. Special switchprovides separate testing, repairingand reactivating each of the red,green and blue color guns. $49.95.An interesting feature is that reactiva-tion speed is indicated on meter. Fila-ment voltages include new 2.35 and8.4 v. Mercury Electronics Corp., 77Searing Ave., Mineola, N. Y.For more data, circle 9-65-6 on coupon, p. 78


TARZIAN Offers 48 -Hour,Direct Factory Service

Price Effective Jan. 1, 1960

That's right. Net, $8.50 per unit and $15 forUV combinations, including ALL replacementparts. 90 -day warranty against defective work-manship and parts failure. Tuners repaired onapproved, open accounts. Replacements of-fered at these prices' on tuners not repairable:

VHF 12 position tuner $22.00VHF 13 or 16 position 23.00VHF/UHF combination . . . 25.00UHF only 15.50

°Subject to change

Tarzian-made tuners are easily iden-tified by this stamping on the unit.When inquiring about service or re-

placements for other than Tarzian-madetuners, always give tube complement ... shaftlength ... filament voltage . , . series or shuntheater ... IF frequency, chassis identificationand allow a little more time for service. Usethis address for fast, 48 -hour service:

SARKES TARZIAN, Inc.Att.: Service Mgr., Tuner Division

East Hillside DriveBloomington, Indiana,


Industry Dilemma(Continued from page 52)

practices which we recommend for servicedealers and distributors to overcome thewholesale -to -the -public sales problem.

Paul G. L. LecoyChairman of Board

TESA of SanduskySandusky

As we go to press, news reaches us thatNEDA officials will meet with the ex-ecutive director of NATESA to "discussways and means whereby IndependentElectronic Parts Distributors can betterserve and supply their Service Dealerand Technician clientele."

OKLAHOMA... Considerable thought has been givento associations meeting with distributors,and I believe that if you could ever get thedistributors to come to an agreement andstick to it, that this would be a big stepin solving a great number of the problemswe have. We have met with local distribu-tors several times. However, all we couldget from them were promises, and whenthey got back to their businesses they for-got the promises made. A number of thingswould be well worth considering along this

The Model 88 .... A New Combination

TRANSISTOR RADIO TESTER."DYNAMIC TRANSISTOR TESTER

The Model 88 is perhaps as impor-tant a development as was the inven-tion of the transistor itself, for duringthe post 5 years, millions of transistorradios and other transistor operated de-vices have been imported and producedin this country with no adequate pro-vision for servicing this ever increasingoutput.

The Model 88 was designed specifi-cally to test all transistors, transistorradios, transistor recorders, and othertransistor devices under dynamic con-ditions.

AS A TRANSISTOR TESTERThe Model 88 will test all transistors includingNPN and PNP, silicon, germanium and the newgallium arsinide types, without referring tocharactistic data sheets. The time -saving ad-vantage of this technique is self evident. A fur-ther benefit of this service is that it will enableyou to test new transistors as they are released!The Model 88 will measure the two most Im-portant transistor characteristics needed fortransistor servicing; leakage and gain (beta).

AS A TRANSISTOR RADIO TESTERThe Model 88 provides a new simplified rapid

Model 88 comes housed in a handsome portable case. Complete with a set of Clip -On $ 50Cables for Transistor Testing, an R.F. Diode Probe for R.F. and I.F. tracing; an AudioProbe for Amplifier Tracing and a Signal Injector Cable. Complete-nothing else to buy.'.

procedure-a technique developed specifically fortransistor radios and other transistor devices.An R.F. Signal source, modulated by an audiotone is injected into the transistor receiver fromthe antenna through the R.F. stage, past themixer into the I.F. Amplifier and detector stagesand on to the audio amplifier. This injected sig-nal is then followed and traced through the re-ceiver by means of a built-in High Gain Tran-sistorized Signal Tracer until the cause of troublewhether it be a transistor, some other com-ponent or even a break in the printed circuit islocated and pin -pointed. Only

SHIPPED ON APPROVALNO MONEY WITH ORDER -NO C O. D.

Try it for 10 days before youbuy. If completely satisfied send$8.50 and pay balance at rateof $6.00 per month for 5 months.-No Interest or FinanceCharges Added. If not com-pletely satisfied, return to us, noexplanation necessary.

66

MOSS ELECTRONIC, INC.Dept. D-816, 3849 Tenth Ave., New York 34, N. Y.Please rush one Model 88. I agree to pay $8.50 within 10 daysafter receipt and $6.00 per month thereafter. Otherwise I mayreturn, cancelling all further obligation.NAMEADDRESSCITY ZONE STATE

All prices net, F.O.B., N.Y.C.J


line-such as strict retail; no sales withouttax permits or other permits, etc; also, aprice bracket arrangement whereby thelarger dealer would be entitled to a largerdiscount than the little fellow that perhapspurchased only a few tubes per month.This is to advise that anyone in this As-sociation, or a committee from this As-sociation would be happy to meet withthese distributors at any time.

H. O. Eales, National DirectorTESAOklahoma City

Winegard TV WALL OUTLETSAnnounced, as an addition to the

firm's antenna systems, is a line of300 ohm TV wall outlets. They areflush mount metal wall plates, avail-able also in surface mount type. They

come complete with antenna discon-nect plugs with no -strip terminals.Flush mount : brass, $3.50 ; chrome,$2.30; and ivory, $2.10. Surfacemount: ivory only, $3.00. WinegardCo., Burlington, Iowa.For more data, circle 9-66-3 on coupon, p. 78

General ElectricTUBE PIN STRAIGHTENER

Damage caused by bent pins in mini-ature electronic receiving tubes canbe eliminated with a new 7- and 9 -pin

straightener. The double -duty pinstraightener is colored a vivid red -orange to permit easy location whencarried in service case or tube tester.General Electric Co., Receiving TubeDiv., Owensboro, Ky.For more data, circle 9-66-4 on coupon, p. 78


Really dresses upyour service work

Reliable Tung -Sol tubes add real class to every service job - radio, tv, or hi-fi.

Made to set manufacturers most exacting specifications, Tung -Sol Tubes are best

for all replacements. Reduce your callbacks to new lows and keep your profitable

new business rolling in high style. Tung -Sol Electric Inc., Newark 4, N. J.

Tell your jobber you'd rather have

TUNG-SOL-2heZ: ,9( TUBES TRANSISTORS DIODES


Stancor. n.Synonym forquality anddependabilityin coils andtransformers

It makes good sense for you to choose replace-ment parts from the manufacturer who is theworld's largest supplier of electronic transformersto the original equipment market. The completeStancor line includes the unit you need, at thefine performance level you expect. For qualityand dependability in transformers and coils,always specify Stancor.

The Stancor TV Guidegives you always up-to-date replacement infor-mation - through regular mailings of loose-leafpages direct to you from Stancor. Register withyour distributor to get the Stancor TV Guide.

STANC ORCHICAGO STANDARD TRANSFORMER CORPORATION3501 WEST ADDISON STREET CHICAGO 18, ILLINOIS

ASSOCIATIONNEWS

CaliforniaRTA, Santa Cruz, Santa Clara Valley, has announced

a streamlined one year training course for experiencedTV and radio service men. The course provides an op-portunity to qualify for a State journeyman's certificateupon graduation. It is designed to give technicians withfive years experience a chance to obtain a certifiatewithout completing the full apprenticeship of four years.Classes will be held at San Jose City College, commenc-ing with the fall term.

APA, Los Angeles, has instituted certification tests forall appliance service technicians. Tests were compiledby public education officials in cooperation with majorappliance manufacturers. Tests include a general exam-ination on laundry equipment, examination on each ofthe more popular brands of major appliances, and apsychological personality test prepared by UCLA.Grading of applicants will not be done by APA but byan impartial State official.

Techs & Distribs MeetCSEA, Fresno, reported a recent meeting which was

attended by distributor representatives to discuss mu-tual problems. While no definite action was taken atthis meeting, it was mutually agreed that action must betaken to solve the major problems prevalent in the in-dustry. Subjects under discussion included: Sales Taxabuses, captive service, receiver tube sales, credit andother problems facing the industry.Iowa

TESA, Des Moines, has elected the following officers:Pres., Henry Gulliver; V.P., Bob Norman; Sec'y, DonPrice; Treas., Ed Vilemek.Ohio

TESA, Cleveland, elected new officers as follows:Pres, Joseph Phillips; V.P., Raymond Kasprzak; Rec.-Sec'y, George Srdjak; Corres.-Sec'y, Gene Kotrba;Treas., Harry Bertak. The association also reports tenta-tive introduction of a license ordinance which is sched-uled for the City Council.Missouri

TESA, St. Louis, has elected the following officers :Pres., Gene Love; V.P., Bill Frasure; Sec'y, June Alex-ander ; Treas., Morton Singer.

TEAM, St. Louis, reports there has been a reductionin the number of TV service complaints received bythe Better Business Bureau. It was said that complaintsdropped more than 600% between November 1959 andApril 1960. According to John L. O'Brien, President ofBBB, the decrease in complaints is a direct result ofthe revised Standards of Advertising and Business Eth-ics Code enacted last spring by the TV industry.

EA, Kansas City, has announced the formation of anew organization, the FM Broadcasters of GreaterKansas City, a division of The Electric Association. Thegroup has elected Chris J. Stolfa, Commercial Managerof KCMO-FM, its Chairman. Primary objectives out-lined by the organization include : A more informedpublic, better music programming, more tasteful com-mercial messages, and greater listener enjoyment.

(Continued on page 70)For more data, circle 9-68-1 on coupon, p. 78


Need toknow more about

TRANSISTORS?

LETRCA

TRAIN YOU AT HOMEin semiconductor physics and transistor applicationsRCA Institutes Home Study School now has a'new course created for men and women in thefield of electronics who realize the growing im-portance of semiconductor technology. The newcourse covers transistor characteristics andtesting methods ... prepares you to move upin your job as you increase your knowledgeand skills.RCA's liberal Pay -As -You -Learn Plan is the

SEND FOR THISFREE 64 -PAGECAREER BOOKTODAY!

RCA INSTITUTES, INC.A Service of Radio Corporation of America

The Most Trusted Name in Electronics

most economical possible home study methodbecause you never pay for lessons that you donot receive! You pay for your next study grouponly when you order it! Should you drop outat any time, you do not owe RCA Institutesone penny.Courses also available in Electronic Funda-mentals, TV Servicing, Color TV, and Elec-tronics for Automation.

LICENSED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK

RCA Institutes, Inc., Home Study School Dept. ET -90350 West Fourth Street, New York 14, New York

Please rush me your FREE illustrated 64 -page book "Your Careerin Electronics", describing your home training programs, includ-ing complete information on the new Transistor course. No obli-gation. No salesman will call.

Name Age(please print)

Addres

City 7one State

Korean Vets: Enter discharge dateCANADIANS-Take advantage of these same RCA Institutes coursesat no additional cost. No postage, no customs, no delay. Send cou-pon to: RCA Victor Company, Ltd., 5581 Royalmount Ave., Montreal9, Quebec


Type "PCT" ... constructed in strong red card-board tubes, wax impregnated, one end closed,closed, printed circuit board terminals.Type "PCTL" . . . has insulated lead out topproviding for low voltage section.For 65 C operation . . . recommended fortable and clock radios . . . individually pack-aged . . . guaranteed for one year.

EXPORT-ROBURN AGENCIES, NEW YORK CITY

Write today for complete information.

PLANET SALES CORPORATION225 Belleville Avenue

Bloomfield, N. J.


TRUST YOUR TV TUNER

REPAIR and ALIGN to

24 HR SERVICEVHF or UHF-ALL MAKESVHF TunersUHF TunersUHF ConvertersUHF -VHFCombinations 517.95

Jw

These prices are for unmutilated units. Missing, broken and damagedports, defective tubes charged extra at LOW net prices. We ship C.O.D.

10 STEPS IN OUR GUARANTEED SERVICE1. All tuners mechanically and electronically inspected.2. All necessary parts replaced.3. Contact surfaces correctly cleaned and lubricated.4. First test run for intermittents and drift indication.5. Fine tuning range checked on all channels.6. Local osc aligned to correct frequency all channels- XTAL

controlled.7. RF alignments --all channels- XTAL controlled.8. AGC check, all channels-cut off of RF amp checked.9. Overall response all channels, shield covers in position.

10. Quality control FINAL CHECK ALL UNITS, UHF -VHF,

IMPORTANT: Ship complete. Include oll broken parts.Stale model and complaint. Pockane well toovoid transit damage.

IJW ELECTRONICS 1538 W. Jarvis AvenueI CHICAGO 26, ILLINOIS Broadway 4-9757

(Continued from page 68)New KC Ordinance

TSE, Kansas City, reports thepassing of a new ordinance to regu-late the TV and radio service indus-try. Licenses fall into three cate-gories: class one for TV and radioservicing, class two for TV only,and class three for radio only. Li-cense fees are $25 for a service deal-er and $10 for an individual techni-cian. The ordinance provides a $500fine, 60 days imprisonment or bothif convicted of engaging in profes-sional service work without a li-cense.New Jersey

AETA announces the followingofficers have been elected : Pres.,Henry Simpkins; V.P., Anthony DeFranco ; Sec'y, Joseph Papovich ;Treas., Joseph Eberhardt.

ESFETA Forum Discusses LicensingThe Empire State Federation of

Electronic Technician Associationsheld a two hour forum on the sub-ject of service technician licensing.The Buffalo meeting, attended byrepresentatives from many parts ofthe state, was moderated by Al For-man, Editor of ELECTRONIC TECH-NICIAN.

Local distributors, many ofwhom oppose licensing, were invit-ed to attend and four of them re-portedly said they would. None at-tended the forum.

The service technician represen-tatives present were overwhelming-ly in favor of a state licensing bill.Three basic reasons given were thatsuch a bill would protect the pub-lic against incompetent technicians,against fraudulent operators, andagainst shock hazards. Speakers em-phasized that TV servicing was dif-ferent from many other unlicensedtrades because the hazards to own-ers are greater. Previously unpub-licized TV electrocutions were de-scribed. The grandfather clause re-quired in laws was posed as an ob-jection to licensing. However, thisrequirement which prevents legis-lating a man out of business was notconsidered vital in the long run,since the unethical are said to beoperating anyway, and this lawwould provide eventual control. Aninformal poll was taken on the sug-gested composition of a board ofexaminers to regulate the serviceindustry. Though some speakerswere inclined to a board excludingdistributors or composed entirely oftechnicians, the majority favoredbroader representation, with a size-able minority on the board not be -

For more data, circle 9-70-2 on coupon, p. 7870 ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960

ing technicians.The forum ended with the asso-

ciation members promising to workmore strenuously than ever for pas-sage ofa licensing bill at the nextsession of the legislature.

RTG, Long Island, reports aState License Bill has been drafted.The organization plans to have thebill introduced in the State Senateby Senator Mosberg of Queens. Itwas said the primary purpose ofthe bill is to eliminate incompetentand fradulent operators.

TennesseeTESA, Memphis, reports the Bet-

ter Business Bureau has formed aTV Service Dealers division. Pur-pose of the division is to draft a setof standards for service practices.According to BBB's manager,George V. Morse, Jr., only qualifiedfirms will participate in the programand they must agree to abide by thebureau code and subsequent deci-sions of an arbitrary panel.

RaytheonTRANSISTOR DISPLAY

Ten transistors, in smartly styledclear plastic blister packs, are bondedto a cardboard merchandiser, "Uni-pack." The backboard is perforatedbetween units so that transistors canbe removed without disturbing theirseals. It is hung up for display; folded

in half for shipment. The bright red,white and black background ties inwith new tube cartons and cases. Thepacks have large type numbers andbasing information. New package pre-cludes substitution; assures end -usecustomers of factory -sealed merchan-dise. Raytheon Co., Distributor Prod-ucts Div., Westwood, Mass.For more data, circle 9-71-2 on coupon, p. 78

For More Information

Circle Code Numbers, p. 78

Centralab CONTROLSModel TT, twist tab controls, de-

signed to the minimum shaft lengthneeded for TV set hidden controls,permit use where space is limited,without cutting the control. A 2" poly-ethelene shaft extension is packedwith each unit for application wherea longer shaft is needed. The units areavailable in 25 values from 200 ohmsto 7.5 megohms, and are rated at 1/2watt. Size: 15/16" in diameter; 7/16"in depth. Centralab, 900 E. KeefeAve., Milwaukee 1, Wis.For more data, circle 9-71-3 on coupon, p. 78

Only

Grid CircuitTube Testerwith Full TV

tube coverage!

~MPIntroducing the new Seco GCT-9-the first and only Grid Circuit Tester that offers youcomplete coverage of all TV tube types-including voltage amplifiers, power output andheater -type diodes, hundreds of Foreign and Industrial types as well as types with Grid,Plate or Cathode caps. Quickly lets you test for Grid Emission, Leakage, Shorts and Gas inone operation-indicates results instantly, visually on a 6AF6 "Eye" Indicator. In additionto conventional tests, the GCT-9 also offers two exclusive new testing features not found onany other tester: 1. Cathode Continuity Check; and 2. Complete Inter -Element Short Test,with shorts identified to pin numbers.

The new Seco GCT-9 is available in a sturdy metal case with exposed panel (GCT-9S):or mounted in a compact, portable carrying case (GCT-9W)-complete with easy to readtube set-up data.MODEL GCT-9S $3295 MODEL GCT.9W $3495Wired and Factory Tested .... NET Wired and Factory Tested .... NET

GRID CIRCUIT TUBE TESTER

Fast, low-cost tester-com-plete TV tube coverage!Checks all modern TVtubes and heater type

radio tubes. With Seco Grid Circuit Test,Cathode Emission Test. In carrying case.MODEL 76 $69.50 NET

NEW!PIGGYBACK ADAPTER

Lotel for tube caddies!Developed by Seco tosave you steps! Freewith Seco tube testers

or by enclosing 25fwith coupon.

Check output tubecathode current, fast!Safeguard against hori-zontal output tube over-

load! Place in circuit in seconds-nounsoldering. Front panel lists essential in-formation. MODEL HC -6 $12.95

MISECO ELECTRONICS, INC. 1-75015 Penn Ave. So.-Minneapolis 19, Minn.

Please send free literature on all Seco Test Equipment.I have enclosed . Please sendSeco "Piggy -Back" Adapters. (25r each.)

NAMEADDRESS

CITY ZONE STATE

EAST CANADA: Daveco Agencies, Ltd.. Montreal, Quebec WEST CANADA: Ron Merritt Co., Vancouver 1, B. C.

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960For more data, circle 9-71-1 on coupon, p. 78

71

SPEND ONE HOUR

A DAY WITH THESE

RIDER BOOKSINCREASE YOUR INCOME

TV SERVICING

MASTER RECEIVING - PICTURE TUBE SUBSTITU.TION GUIDEBOOK, H. A. Middleton, $7.45

RECEIVING TUBE SUBSTITUTION GUIDEBOOK 4thsuppl., H. A. Middleton, $1.35

TUBE CADDY -TUBE SUBSTITUTION GUIDEBOOK,H. A. Middleton, 90c

HOW TO TROUBLESHOOT TV SYNC CIRCUITS,I. Remer, $2.90

REPAIRING TELEVISION RECEIVERS, C. Glick -stein, $4.40

PICTURE BOOK OF TV TROUBLES, Rider LabStaff. Fabulous series of definitive practicalbooks that teach recognition of faults in TVreceivers.

VOL 1: HORIZONTAL AFC -OSCILLATORCIRCUITS, $1.35

VOL 2; VERTICAL SWEEP -DEFLECTIONCIRCUITS, $1.80

VOL. 3: VIDEO I -F' & VIDEO AMPLIFIERCIRCUITS, $1.80

VOL. 4: AUTOMATIC CAIN CONTROL Cif?.CULTS, $2.25

VOL. 5: HORIZONTAL OUTPUT & H -V CIR-CUITS, $2.40

VOL. 6: HORIZONTAL & VERTICAL SYNCCIRCUITS, $2.50

VOL. 7: SOUND CIRCUITS & L -V POWERSUPPLIES, $1.50

TV PICTURE TUBE -CHASSIS GUIDE, Rider LabStaff, $1.35

TV TROUBLESHOOTING & REPAIR GUIDEBOOK, R.G. Middleton, VOL. 1: $3.90; VOL 2: $3.30

TECHNICIAN'S GUIDE TO TV PICTURE TUBES, I.Remer, $2.40

TV TUBE LOCATION & TROUBLE GUIDE (RCA),Rider Lab Staff, $1.25

TV SWEEP ALIGNMENT TECHNIQUES, A. Lieb-scher, $2.10

HOW TO TROUBLESHOOT A TV RECEIVER, J.Richard Johnson (2nd ed.), $2.90

SERVICING TV VERTICAL & HORIZONTAL OUT.PUT SYSTEMS, H. Thomas, $2.90

HANDBOOK OF 630 -TYPE TV RECEIVERS, Miller& Bierman, $3.50

ADVANCED TELEVISION SERVICING TECHNIQUES,Zbar & Schildkraut, Main Text, $3.60; Lab.Workbook, 95c

COLOR TELEVISION

INTRODUCTION TO COLOR TV (2nd ed.), Kauf..man & Thomas, $2.70

HIGHLIGHTS OF COLOR TELEVISION, John R.Locke, Jr., 99c

COLOR TELEVISION RECEIVER PRACTICES, Hazel-tine Corp. Lab. Staff, soft cover, $4.50; cloth,$6.00

COLOR TV DICTIONARY, J. Richard Johnson.$1.25

AUDIO & HIGH-FIDELITY SERVICINGRIDER'S SPECIALIZED HI-FI AM -FM TUNER

MANUAL, $3.50HOW TO INSTALL & SERVICE INTERCOMMUNICA.

TION SYSTEMS, J. Darr, $3.60HOW TO SERVICE TAPE RECORDERS, C. A. Tut-

hill, $2.90RIDER'S SPECIALIZED TAPE RECORDER MANUAL,

VOL. 1, $4.50

TEST EQUIPMENT

HOW TO USE METERS (2nd ed.), J. F. Rider &S. Prensky, $3.50

HOW TO USE TEST PROBES, A. Ghirardi & R.Middleton, $2.90

OBTAINING INTERPRETING TEST SCOPE TRACES,J. F. Rider. $3.00

HOW TO USE SIGNAL & SWEEP GENERATORS, J.Richard Johnson, $2.40

HOW TO USE GRID -DIP OSCILLATORS, R. P. Tur-ner P. E., KeAI, $2.50

RADIO SERVICINGRADIO RECEIVER LABORATORY MANUAL, A. W.

Levey, M. S., $2.00RADIO TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDEBOOK, VOL. 1,

Rider & Johnson, $2.40HOW TO INSTALL & SERVICE AUTO RADIOS (2nd

ed.), J. Darr, $3.25REPAIRING PORTABLE & CLOCK RADIOS, B.

('rissec & P. Gneosin, $2.75

rl:I JOHN F. RIDER, PUBLISHER, INC.116 West 14th Street, New York 11, N.Y

Canada: Chas. W. Pointon, Ltd.,66 Racine Rd., Rexdale, Ont.

New BooksBooks marked with an asterisk (*) maybe obtained prepaid from ElectronicMarketers, Book Sales Division of Elec-tronic Technician

MARINE RADIO AND ELECTRONICS. ByAllen Lytel. Published by CornellMaritime Press, Cambridge, Mary-land. 256 pages, hard cover. $7.00.

The author accurately describes thetheme of this book in his preface,"... aimed at the equipment user toexplain what these [marine] elec-tronic devices are, what they do, andhow to use them." The volume presentsa surface description of marine elec-tronic equipment, including: radio-telephone, direction finders, depth find-ers, depth sounders, citizen band, ra-dar, loran, etc. In addition, variousfederal and local regulations are de-scribed in detail.

Written in the author's usual pro-fessional style, which is excellent, andadequately illustrated, the book isrecommended to anyone interested ina light, non -technical discussion ofavailable electronic equipment for on -the -water use.

*RADIO SERVICING: Theory and Prac-tice. 3rd Edition. By Abraham Marcus.Published by Prentice -Hall, Inc. 650pages, hard cover. $7.95

This is the latest, revised edition ofa volume which has been, for morethan a decade, one of the outstandingpractical texts on radio receivers. Allessential information necessary for athorough understanding of radio 11reo-ry and servicing is included. The firstchapter deals simply but adequatelywith elements of electrical and radiotheory, including current flow, units ofmeasurement, Ohm's law, and timeconstant circuits. Components andparts are discussed in chapter 2. Thenext five chapters cover the electrontube as a rectifier, detector, amplifier,and oscillator, together with its use inmany practical amplifier circuits.Other special tube types, includingthyratrons and phototubes are ex-amined. Transistors are considered. Aseparate chapter deals with controlcircuits -from avc through noise -sup-pression and search tuning. Powersupplies, and AM, FM, tube andtransistor receivers are described intwo chapters. Each chapter discussestrouble symptoms and concludes withselected questions which can be usedby the home study student. The lastfour chapters cover service instru-ments, service procedure and tech-niques, component replacement, andrealignment. The author's style is thatof a sincere writer who knows his sub-ject well, and communicates the maxi-mum amount of intelligence in thesimplest and fewest possible words.Adequately illustrated, the book ishighly recommended to anyone desir-ing a one volume text on the subject.

*AUTO RADIO MANUAL, Vol. 10. Publishedby Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc. 160pages, soft cover. $2.95.

This manual is a continuation ofservice data for auto radios. 31 modelsproduced in 1958-1959 are included. In-formation presented consists of sche-matics, parts lists and alignment in-structions for the various models.

STEREO HIGH FIDELITY HANDBOOK. By Nor-man H. Crowhurst. Published byCrown Publishers, 419 Fourth Ave.,N.Y.C. 184 pages, hard cover. $5.95.

This new book is primarily a guidefor selection of stereo equipment,whether components or package units.The author patiently explains howstereo works and analyzes each funda-mental component (speaker, amplifier,tuner, record changer, etc.) . In addi-tion, chapters on converting to stereo,building your own equipment andtroubleshooting (very limited) are pro-vided. The numerous illustrations canserve admirably as a general directoryof stereo hi-fi equipment. However re-dundant this book concept may seem,the author's lucid writing style mayhelp answer many questions that arenot adequately discussed in similartype texts. An interesting addition tothis book is a list of nationwide dealersin stereo equipment, manufacturers'buying guide and a stereo glossary.

Cummins SOLDERGUNSHeavy duty models, Single -Heat

#490-02 and Dual -Heat #492-02, areequipped with an exclusive, durable,alloy tip that provides instantaneousheat, does not pit, and requires no fil-ing. Retinning is done by wiping theheated tip with a dry cloth. The tipcools as quickly as it heats, so there

is no delay in tip changing which isaccomplished by simply loosening twoscrews at base of the tip. Accessoriesavailable: a smoothing tip; and acutting tip. Prices, with standard tip :#490-02, $14.95; #492-02, $16.95. Pluscase and accessories: $17.95 and $19.-95 respectively. Cummins PortableTool Co., div. John Oster Mfg. Co.,5055 H. Lydell Ave., Milwaukee, Wis.For more data, circle 9-72-2 on coupon, p. 78

For more data, circle 9-72-1 on coupon, p. 7872 ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960

TVD KNOB MASTER RACKDesigned to display the firm's com-

plete line of exact replacement TVknobs, in the least amount of floorspace, the new knob master displayrack can be set up as an island, ar-

ranged around a pole, or hung flatagainst a wall. A single rack consistsof 4 interlocking sections of heavygauge wire rods. Available, free ofcharge, including mounting hardwareand special master display boards,with the purchase of TVD exact re-placement TV knob deals. TV Devel-opment Corp., 469 Jericho Turnpike,Mineola, N. Y.For more data, circle 9-73-3 on coupon, p. 78

New-Tronics ANTENNA DISPLAY#GD-5 globe display holds six styles

of auto radio antennas in an attrac-tive merchandising display. Landareas of the world are depicted inrich colors against oceans of shining

black on the 12" globe, which ismounted on a black wrought ironstand with a wrought iron "equator"to hold the antennas. Holder will takeany model New-Tronic antenna. Dis-play, available to dealers at nominalcost, does not include sample antennaswhich may be ordered as desired.New-Tronics Corp., 3455 Vega Ave.,Cleveland 13, Ohio.For more data, circle 9-73-4 on coupon, p. 78

SQ SAFE!

let alone wire or cable!ARROW STAPLE GUNS can't damage wire orcable because driving blade automatically stops staple atright height! That's why Arrow Staple Guns are provedsafer on jobs all over the country. And Arrow staples havetremendous holding power because they're rosin coated,have diverging points that lock into wood.T-25 (shown) for wires up to '4" in diameter. (Hi -Fi wire, radiantheating, bell, thermostat, telephone, inter -corn, etc.) tapered strikingedge gets into tight corners. Uses ?a". ? 6", and pia" staples, List $15T-2513 For burglar alarm wiring. Drives staples flush . . . List $15T-75 For non-metallic sheathed cable, Romex cable or any otherobject (such as copper tubing) up to %y" in diameter. Uses '16".

and %" Arrow staples Lis( $15

ARROW FLnSTENER COMPANY, INC.For more data, circle 9-73-1 on coupon, p. 78


ECO

Utica CB RADIOTELEPHONEModel MC27 Town & Country ra-

dio -telephone CB transceiver now em-ploys a six channel operation withoperation on either 6, 12 or 117v. Fea-tures include: new double gated series

noise limiter that clips off both posi-tive and negative peaks without audiodistortion; and use of a 1946kc preci-sion crystal in the second oscillatorcircuit to effect razor edge stabilityunder extreme variations in tempera-ture. $189.50. Utica CommunicationsCorp., 1834 W. Foster Ave., Chicago40, Ill.For more data, circle 9-73-5 on coupon, p. 78

Cut servicing andinstallation time on

crystal -controlled

2 -WAY RADIO

equipment!

2 -WAY RADIO TEST SETCompact, port able, use it anywhere. Designed to assist you in the following applications:

CHECKS WIDE RANGE OF CRYSTAL TYPES! Checks fundamental types at funda-mental frequency -5th and 7th overtone types at fundamental frequency -3rd overtone types in 25-30 me range in special overtone circuit.

RF POWER INDICATOR FOR DIRECT OR REMOTE METERING! Simply place nextto antenna or use 15 ft. remote metering cable furnished with unit.

MODULATED RF CRYSTAL -CONTROLLED SIGNAL GENERATOR! MODULATION CHECKER! a BEAT FREQUENCY DEMODULATOR! PLATE MILLIAMMETER FOR RF TUNING! a AUDIO FREQUENCY SIGNAL GENERATOR!

MODEL Soo-Fully transistorized-the perfect"assist" instrument even for the fully equipped shop *2995 N E T

NEW! T-6

PIGGYBACKADAPTER

for tube caddies!

Developed by Seco tosave you steps! Free

with Seco tube testersor by enclosing 25Cwith coupon.

1.4SECO ELECTRONICS, INC.S . 5015 Penn Ave. So.-Minneapolis 19, Minn.Please send free literature on all Seco Test Equipment. I have enclosed Please send

Seco "Piggy -Back" Adapters. (25c each.)

NAME

ADDRESS

CITY STATE lEAST CANADA: Dareco Agencies. Ltd., Montreal. Gunarc

WEST CANADA: Ran Merritt Co., Vancouver 1, B. C.


73

1

1

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Printed Wiring


over the eyelet pad area. The newlyadded solder should not be sittingon the eyelet like a hat, but com-pletely fused with the original sol-der and flowed down to the pad allaround the eyelet. The rim of therolled flange must no longer bediscernible at any point. Where

component leads, wires or pins pro-ject through the eyelet, a smooth,ideal round surface of added solderwill, naturally, not be attained.

The dip side of the chassis shouldbe cleaned to remove any dust, wax,old flux or other soils that may pre-vent good results. (See Fig. 5.)Solvents are used sparingly andshould not contact adjacent compo-nents such as carbon controls, re-sistors, etc.

Apply the soldering iron tip tothe junction of the eyelet and pad-

TV TUNERSALL

MAKESAND

MODELS

OVERHAULED$9.95 90 DAYS

WARRANTY

UHF VHF 519.90

SAME DAY SERVICEON POPULAR TYPES -48 HOURS MOST OTHERS

Overhaul charge includes labor and minor parts; tubes andmajor parts are extra at net prices.Tuner to be overhauled should be shipped complete; includetubes, shield cover and any damaged parts. Quote modeland state complaint. Pack well and insure.

WE WILL SHIP C.O.D.-F.O.B. CHICAGO OR TORONTO

easile Tv 4~ se~ice5710 N. WESTERN 136 MAIN ST.CHICAGO 45, ILL. U.S.A. TORONTO 13 CANADA


Q. Illa IM MI MI

1 y. 1- DEWALDi: YMf'd by . . . .

INC. 1

11 "RADIO -PHONE"CITIZENS BAND TRANSCEIVER

Full super -hetceiver

Selector switch forfive channel trans-mitting

Vernier tuning for23 channel recep-tionNoise limiter control(full A.V.C.)

Three watts A.F.outputR.ceFi.ving stage

for re-

re -

MODEL TR-800

Input power to trans-mitter 5 watts fullyplate modulated

All coils ferritetuned

Available with powerPlug for 117V

On -off and R.F. indi-cators

Super sensitive cir-cuit

Stable non -drift per-formanceR.F. Amplifier intransmitting

Only

9 9 95LIST

Furnished with CeramicMicrophone and oneTransmitting Crystal

For Communica-tion on the

move!

Output impedancewill match 30 t100 ohm load withdipole, groundplane, rod or whipantennaFurnished with mi-crophone and onecrystal

Cabinet: Chip proofbeige

May be mobilemountedDimensions: 101/2"wx 61/2"d o 5/z"hWeight: 9 pounds

UNITED SCIENTIFIC LABORATORIES, INC.35-07 37th AVE., LONG ISLAND CITY 1, N. Y.

STillwell 4-9334QUALITY PRODUCTS SINCE 1921

Available Through Your Local Distributors1 - I= MI M - to - MNFor more data, circle 9-74-2 on coupon, p. 78

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

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1

or eyelet and tube socket tab, as il-lustrated in Fig. 6. Solder is ap-plied simultaneously to the junc-tion of the eyelet and the solderiron tip. By feeding solder to theeyelet in this manner, heat will beconducted into the eyelet throughthe molten solder as well as throughthe iron's tip. Feed enough solder tobuild up a deposit which will com-pletely cover the eyelet and flowover the pad area, as previouslyshown in Fig. 4. Of course, the ironshould not be allowed to come intocontact with a printed conductoroutside the pad area or with thephenolic board. The importance of

Fig. 6-Solder and iron tip are applied sim-ultaneously to eyelet or tube socket tab.

producing a solder build-up in thismanner cannot be over -emphasized.

A useful variation in feeding thesolder is to lay the solder wire downon the eyelet and apply the iron tipto the solder wire itself with a roll-ing motion. A more uniform lengthof solder can be added to each eye-let by this method and the flow ofheat will be faster. The technicianmay find further improvement intechnique can be effected by bend-ing the tip, so that the flat side oftip can be applied to the work area.Using an angled tip in this mannermay also improve visibility of thework area.

The iron tip should be kept incontact with the work area onlylong enough to complete the build -


up process. Withdraw the iron im-mediately after solder flow aroundthe eyelet is complete.

If excessive flux accumulates at ajoint, allow the connection to solidi-fy, brush the flux residue with sol-vent and wipe up the area with acloth.

Precautions

1. There should be no bubbling ofsolder during application orafter the iron has been with-drawn. Bubbling is caused byoverheating and frequently re-sults in one or more undesira-ble conditions as follows :

a. Movement of solder in theeyelet and adjacent areasat the time of freezingcan result in a cold solderjoint.

b. Complete melting of sol-der down through theeyelet can result in open-ing the connection on thecomponent side of thechassis.

2. If bubbling or flow through ofsolder has occurred, the tech-nician should :

a. Wait until the joint hascooled.

b. Examine the underside ofthe eyelet for fluxed sol-der. If excess solder hasaccumulated, remove it bydraining with the ironand again allow the areato cool.

c. If flow through has oc-curred, resolder bothsides of the eyelet, follow-ing the procedure de-scribed, allowing eachside to cool after solder-ing.

d. If flow through has notoccurred, do not disturbthe underside of the eye-let.

3. Do not move or disturb compo-nent leads or wires within aneyelet before the solder hasset. This movement will alsocause "cold" solder connec-tions, an ever present sourceof intermittent trouble.

Want some real interesting and helpfulinformation on troubleshooting transistorradios?

Watch for next month's issue ofELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN

Sylvania RECEIVING TUBESA wide variety of miniature receiv-

ing tubes for use in TV and radioreceivers, mobile communications sys-tems and other electronic equipmenthave been added to the firm's renewalline. Types: 6681/12AX7, high mutwin triode; 6680/12AÚ7, mediummu twin triode; 6679/12AT7, high mutriode electrically equivalent to12ÁT7; 6678/6U8A, medium mu tri-ode and sharp cutoff pentode; 6677/6CL8, power pentode, characteristicsequivalent to 6CL6; 6669/6AQ5A,beam -power pentode, characteristicsequivalent to 6AQ5A; 6663/6AL5,high perveance twin diode; 6662/6BJ6, remote cutoff -pentode, charac-teristics equivalent to 6BJ6; 6661/6BH6, sharp cutoff pentode, charac-teristics equivalent to 6BH6; and6660/6BA6, remote -cutoff pentode, es-sentially equivalent to 6BA6. All ofthe 6000 series tubes listed above arecapable of withstanding the on -offcycling demands of mobile communi-cations equipment. Also, types: 6DJ8,sharp cutoff triode; and 6ES8, doubletriode. In addition to the subminia-ture tubes above are: types 17DQ6Band 12DQ6B beam power pentodes.Sylvania Electric Products, 730 3rdAve., New York 17, N. Y.For more data, circle 9-75-2 on coupon, p. 78

Arco CAPACITORSSubminiature silvered mica capaci-

tor, DM -10, is 5/16" long, 1/4" wideand 1/a" thick. Features include: highinsulation resistance; -55 to +150° Coperating temperature; tolerance asclose as ±0.50%; high stability; mis-sile reliability; and low -temperature

co -efficient. Capacity range: at 500VDCW, from 1µf to 250 µf; at 300VDCW, to 300 µf; at 100 VDCW, to360 µf. It meets the requirements ofMIL -C -5B and EIA specification RS -153. Arco Electronics, Inc., 64 WhiteSt., New York 13, N. Y.For more data, circle 9-75-3 on coupon, p. 78

MOST

COMPLETE

TESTER

AVAILABLE!

WON'T BE OBSOLETED-OFFERSEVERY IMPORTANT TEST YOU NEED!

Finest, fastest tester at a popular price-and here's why! Dy-namic Mutual Conductance Test on pre -wired chassis-bestmethod for testing high transconductance amplifiers! CathodeEmission Test by free point selector system-best method fortesting power output, pulse amplifiers, and damper tubes!Nationally accepted Grid Circuit Test patented by Seco-up to

I simultaneous checks for leakage, shorts and grid emission. Incarrying case with handy flip chart for tube set-up data.

MODEL 107-Wired and Tested $139.50 NET

NEW! T-2

PIGGY -BACKADAPTER

for tube caddies!

Developed by Seco tosave you steps! Freewith Seco tube testersor by enclosing 250with coupon.

40Li1 SECO ELECTRONICS, INC. 5015 Penn Ave. So.-Minneapolis 19, Minn,

Please send free literature on all Seco Test Equipment.I have enclosed Please sendSeco "Piggy -Back" Adapters. (25e each.)

NAME

ADDRESS

CITY STATEEAST CANADA: Daveco Agencies. Ltd.. Montreal. Quebec

WEST CANADA: Ron Merritt Co., Vancouver 1, B. C.

ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN September, 1960For more data, circle 9-75-1 on coupon, p. 78

75

HIGH CAPACITY

...LOW VOLTAGE

/saidW

COdELECTROLYTICS

Aerovox Type HCB units are polarized electrolyticcapacitors designed especially for use in indus-trial applications such as battery eliminators,power supplies, electric fence controls, soundmovie projectors, etc. For non -polarized applica-tions such as welding and control equipment theyare available as Type NPB electrolytics.

Both types feature heavy-duty, moisture resistantbakelite-cases which eliminates the need for outercardboard insulating tubes. Units are high capa-city etched plate, high quality electrolytics de-

signed for trouble -free, long -life operation.,

SPECIFICATIONS

Operating Temperature Range: -40°C. to +85°C.;

Capacitance Tolerance up to 150 VDCW-10+100%, over 150 VDCW-10+50%.

Available in capacitance values from 15 mfd to12,000 mfd in voltage ratings of 6, 12, 18, 25, 50VDCW and 125, 300 and 450 VNP.

Stocked for off -the -shelf delivery by yourAerovox Distributor.

A E ROVOXCORPORATIONDISTRIBUTOR DIVISIONNEW BEDFORD MASSACHUSETTS


Cable Contamination(Continued Irani page 55)

lower than indicated on the sche-matic. Switching off the set andmaking a resistance check to groundfrom various points, a suspicious20,000 ohms appearing on the gridattracted my attention.

This reading persisted when allconnections to the grid pin were un-soldered!

I was all set to get a new tubesocket, when I happened to noticethere was a reading on the meterwhen the probe was lifted clear ofthe pin and came into contact withthe insulated tip of the shielded in-put cable from the tuner. This cablecame through a hole in the chassisand connected to a terminal on theinput transformer, but a length ofits unshielded end touched the gridlug on the tube socket. As unlikelyas it seemed, that's where thetrouble was originating. The whitebraided "push back" insulationcovering the central plastic core ofthis cable had become contaminatedand was creating a high -resistanceshort from shield ground to thegrid. I replaced the cable with alength of 72 ohm co -ax, resolderedall the connections and the set re-sumed normal operation.-CharlesB. Randall, Randallstown, Md.

TOUGH DOGS WANTED!$10 for acceptable items. Use drawings to illus-trate whenever necessary. A rough sketch will do.Photos are desirable. Unacceptable items will bereturned if accompanied by a stamped envelope.Send your choice entries to "Tough Dogs" Editor,ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN, 480 Lexington Ave.,New York 17, N. Y.

0

tff1)

"Alex disdains the use

>rr

of a ladder!"

Arkay TRANSISTOR INVERTERModel 2-120W is specifically designed

for conversion of 12v d -c to 115v 60cycles. Its 12v d -c input is usually ob-tained from a 12v marine or automo-bile storage battery and its output of115v 60 cycles is to power and operatesmall audio amplifier systems, portableTV sets, lights and similar devices re-quiring 115v 60 cycles supplies, thatcome within the output capability ofmodel 2-120W. 125 watts continuous,200 watts for intermittent use. Weight,51 lbs. Size 10"x4". Kit, $29.95.Wired, $35.95. Arkay International,Inc., 88-06 Van Wyck Expressway,Jamaica 18, N. Y.For more data, circle 9-76-3 on coupon, p. 78

The Modern

"PUSH BUTTON"way to protect

ELECTRONIC PARTS!

Prevents corona in highvoltage section

Keeps lead-in connectionstight

Prevents rusting and pit-ting of antenna

Goes on in seconds-DRIES IN MINUTES

"-oR01lCl IIW/1N

CRYSTALCLEAR

IPRAY woo,

.1.1111.1

CRYSTAL CLEARACRYLIC SPRAY

Protect radio, TV and hi-fi equip-ment indefinitely against humidityand dust with Krylon Crystal -Clear,the modern "push button" acrylicspray. High dielectric strength, ex-cellent weatherproof qualities. Avail-able at your favorite radio -TV re-pair shop.

KRYLON, INC., Norristown, Pa.

Paint touch-up work easily, expertly, withKrylon Spray Paints-choice of 24 colors

IF YOU PRIZE IT...KRYLON-IZE IT!For more data, circle 9-76-2 on coupon, p. 78


Technical Security

(Continued from page 45)rooms (classified items are not keptin the Stock room), with these con-nected into the ultrasonic systemprotecting the Assembly room.

Individual Guard Panels for eachof the alarm systems are placed inthe Guard Room, where threeguards are on duty during protect-ed hours. Provision has been madefor remote testing of the ultrasonicsystems. In addition, the GuardPanel for the five "light curtains"has provision for temporarily dis-abling any one of the systems topermit late workers to leave thebuilding after hours . . . withoutgiving an alarm. This is done at thediscretion of the guards, of course,and without compromising thecomplete protection afforded by theother systems.

Finally, to insure proper moni-toring, a signal is given in the Secu-rity officers's and General Mana-ger's homes (over suitable leasedtelephone lines) should any sys-tem give an alarm. This permits aresponsible individual to personallycheck on any alarm, either by tele-phoning the Guard office or bymaking a personal visit.

Trap Adjustments

(Continued from page 41)tuned to 21.25 mc and adjacentsound traps to 27.25 mc. While fewsets made today incorporate adja-cent picture traps, they are locatedat 19.75 and 39.75 mc respectively,for 20 mc and 40 mc i -f design.One set, for example, the Du MontRA 340/343 series, employs a 39.75

mc adjacent picture trap in the 1sti -f grid.

Once the set is realigned it is agood idea to "dope" all the trapand i -f adjustment screws to pre-vent easy turning. Some techniciansplace the following notice on theback of all 're -aligned sets : "Thisset has been aligned by (name ofshop). Guarantee is void if anyalignment adjustments are tam-pered with." This type of noticewill often discourage further abor-tive attempts to adjust the set andthe customer is notified that youwill stand behind any work youperform.

Sprague CAPACITORSEK-4 Littl-Lytic assortment con-

sists of 15 miniature, metal -encased,capacitors (1 each of the 15 most fre-quently used ratings) in a blue plasticcase. Individually identified compart-ments keep each capacitor in place.

Capacitor features: ultra small size;all -welded construction; hermeticsealing; low leakage current; andlong shelf life. The case is free to thedealer; he pays for the capacitorsonly. EK-4 assortment, dealer net,$13.29. Sprague Products Co., NorthAdams, Mass.For more data, circle 9-77-3 on coupon, p. 78

PHONEED 9-9653

90 DAYWARRANTY

$7.50plus parts,

C.O.D. and postage charges

Precision Tuner ServiceALL TYPES T.V. TUNERS REPAIRED AND ALIGNED TO FACTORYSPECIFICATIONS ON CRYSTAL -CONTROLLED SWEEP GENERATORS

24 -HOUR SERVICE ON MOST TUNERSUHF- VHF COMBINATIONS - $13.50

See your local distributor or send to:

P.O. Box 272, 601 N. College State make and model. SendBLOOMINGTON, INDIANA all parts, tubes and shields.

effective

V GR-27Multiply your effective power bytwo in the forward direction! 3 db.forward gain for increased rangeand reliability. Constructed of rug-ged 61ST6 aluminum, the VGR-27is ideal for point-to-point and iseasily rotated for working mobiles.A sturdy base mount provides rigid,non -guyed support and incorporatesa pre -assembled coax fitting to theunit. Antenna is 100% rust proof.

Mosley Electronics manufactures acomplete line of Citizens BandAntennas ... beams, ground planesand verticals. Make the MosleyDistributor in your area your sourcefor HF and VHF communicationantennas for industrial and com-mercial applications.Write for complete information.

Alr0.11'/W1/

4610 N. LindberghBridgeton, Missouri



1

FREE LITERATURETo receive the literature below without charge, simply circle the numbers on the coupon.

Cut out and mail to ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN, 480 Lexington Ave., New York 17, N. Y.

Stereo & Hi -Fi: 28 -page, 1960Catalog provides illustra-

tions, descriptions and prices onstereo and mono high fidelity testinstruments; radios and otherequipment in wired and/or kitform. Electronic Instrument Co.

For more data, circle 9-78-1 on coupon

2 TV Knobs: A new wall chartpictures 235 exact replace-

ment TV knobs, claimed to takecare of 98% of all replacementsand to cover all major set manu-facturers. Fully illustrated. GCElectronics Co.

For more data, circle 9-78-2 on coupon3 TV Receiver; Record Chang-

ers; Car Radio: Four book-lets are: 1 circuit discussion ofMotorola's Astronaut large -screen,transistorized TV receiver; 2 book-lets each describing the operationand service techniques of a differ-ent record changer using the firm'shi-fi equipment; 1 guide to noise -free car radio installation. Avail -

able from Motorola ConsumerProducts Distributors.

4 Home Training Program: 64 -page booklet "Your Career in

Electronics," describes home train-ing programs, including completeinformation on the new Transistorcourse. RCA Institutes, Inc.


5 Intercom Systems: 32 -pageCatalog covers a wide range

of intercommunication systems forhome, farm, professional, indus-trial, commercial and institutionaluse. Fully illustrated. Prices in-cluded. Mark Simpson Mfg. Co.


6 Cable Assemblies: 4 -pagecatalog, M-701 of molded ca-

ble assemblies features standardassemblies of straight and rightangle phono plugs, extension andphone jax, microphone connectors,"Y" type junctions and straight

Please send

CUT HERE

and right angle "Tini-Plugs",molded to various types of cables.Switchcraft, Inc.


7 Hi -Fi Components: Litera-ture is available covering

turntables: TD -124, $99.95; TD -184, $75.00; TD -134, $59.95; TDK-101, $47.50. Thorens.


8 Oscilloscopes: Catalog sheetscover "Pocketscope" models:

S -11-A, $149.50; S -17-A, $295.00;S -14-A, $249.00; S -14-B, $239.00;S -15-A, $399.00; and S -14-C,$289.00. Portable units are excel-lent for field as well as benchwork. Waterman Products Co.


9 Parts Manual: Information isavailable on how to get a

copy of the new Zenith Parts Man-ual. Covers tubes, parts, acces-sories. 375 pages, fully illustrated,20 sections. Zenith Sales Corp.


Use this coupon, or your letterhead, before October 20, 1960me literature of companies whose code numbers I have circled below (includes editorial and advertised items).

Note: Code 9-3-1 means September issue, Page

9.3.1 9-31-19-4-1 9-49-19.6-1 9.50-19-7.1 9.53-19-8-1 9-54-19.9-1 9.57.19-10-1 9-58-19-11-1 9.58-29-12-1 9-58-39-13-1 9-59-19-14-1 9-60-19-17-1 9.60-29-20-1 9-60.39-20-2 9-60-49-22-1 9.61-19-23-1 9.61.29.24-1 9-61-39-24-2 9-61.49-25-1 9-61-59-27.1 9-61-69-29-1 9-61-79-30-1 9-63-19-30-2 9-65.1

3, 1st item on page.

9-65-2 9-73-5 9.93-1 9-120-29-65-3 9-74-1 9-95-1 9-120.39-65-4 9-74-2 9-96-1 9-120.49-65-5 9-75-1 9.97.1 9-120.59-65.6 9-75-2 9.99-1 9.120-69-66-1 9-75-3 9-101-1 9.121.19-66-2 9-76-1 9.103-1 9-122-19-66-3 9-76.2 9-110-1 9-123-19-66-4 9-76-3 9-113-1 9-123.29-67-1 9-77-1 9.115-1 9-123-39-68-1 9-77-2 9-116-1 9-124-19-69-1 9-77-3 9-117-1 9-124-29-70.1 9-78-1 9.117-2 9-125.19-70-2 9-78-2 9-117.3 9-125-29-71-1 9-78-4 9.118-1 9-125-39-71-2 9-78-5 9-118-2 9-125-49.71.3 9-78-6 9-118-3 9-126-19-72-1 9.78-7 9-118-4 9-126-29-72-2 9.78.8 9-119-1 9-126-39-73.1 9.78.9 9-119.2 9-128-19-73-2 9-80-1 9-119-3 9-C2-19-73-3 9-83-1 9-119-4 9-C3-19-73-4 9-84-1 9-120-1

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