ELECTROMAGNETIC EARTH ENVIRONMENT

  

Hanna RothkaehlSpace Research Center

Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland

COSTMP1104 Warszawa 7.05.2010

jonospheremagnetosphere

Natural emissions and man-made noises

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6.04.1992

0-14 MHz

4-14 MHz

0-2 MHz

Wave in situ diagnostics ULF and LF ion plasma diagnostics, E B field fluctuations.

VLF low density plasma diagnostics

HF electron plasma diagnostics, Solar radio burst.

Local plasma frequency =local electron density tens kHz up to few MHz

Local gyro-frequency proportional to the intensity of magnetic field

tens kHz up to MHz

The ionosphere represents less than 0.1% of the total mass of the Earth's atmosphere. Even so, it is extremely important!

past experiment -RF diagnostics

IK-19 1978-1981

500-980 Km inc. 74 deg

0.1-6. MHz SRC

IK-24 Activny 1989-1990

500-2500 Km inc. 82.5 deg

0.1- 10. MHz SRC

IK-25 Apex Magion-3 1991-1992

430-3100 Km inc. 82.5 deg

0.1-10. MHz SRC

Coronas-I 1994

500 Km inc. 82.5 deg

0.1-30. MHz SRC

Compass-2 600km, inc 79 deg

0.1-15 MHz SRC+IRF-u

Experience

19.03.2004 Piotr Orleański, SRC PAS 5

PLASMA PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS

ROCKET EXPERIMENTS

18.09.1981 VERTICAL-Gruzya 60-S Radiospectrometer PRS-1 Radiospectrometer ISKRA

21.12.1981 VERTICAL-10 Frequency Spectrum Analyzer ASIN 20.05.1983 VOLNA-1 MR-12 Low Frequency Spectrum Analyzer

Langmuir Probe 18.03.1985 PLASMA-1 MR-12 Radiospectrometer PRS-2E 15.05.1985 PLASMA-2 MR-12 Radiospectrometer PRS-2RP June 1992 NASA Terier-Black AC-Electric Field Spectrometer

8 instruments in 6 missions

19.03.2004 Piotr Orleański, SRC PAS 6

PLASMA PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS

SATELLITE EXPERIMENTS, 28 instruments; 21 missions already completed,

27.02.1979 INTERCOSMOS-19 Radiospectrometer IRS-125.12.1980 PROGNOZ-8 Spectrum Analyzer BUD-A15.12.1984 VEGA-1 Spectrum Analyzer APV-N21.12.1984 VEGA-2 Spectrum Analyzer APV-N18.12.1986 COSMOS 1809 Radiospectrometr AVCz-2F, Antenna Impedance Meter7.07.1988 PHOBOS-1 Spectrum Analyzer APV-F112.07.1988 PHOBOS-2 Spectrum Analyzer APV-F228.09.1989 INTERCOSMOS-24 (ACTIVE.) Radiospectrometer PRS-2, Antenna Impedance Meter, Spectrum Analyzer28.09. 1989 INTERCOSMOS-24 (SUBS.) Radiospectrometer PRS-2S18.12.1991 INTERCOSMOS-25 (APEX) Radiospectrometer PRS-3, Antenna Impedance Meter

Radiospectrometer ISKRA , Electrostatic Energy Analyzer18.12.1991 INTERCOSMOS-25 (SUBS.) Radiospectrometer PRS-3S2.03.1994 CORONAS-I Radiospectrometer SORS 3.08.1995 INTERBALL-1 Plasma Wave Analyzer ADS3.08.1995 INTERBALL-1 (SUBS.) Plasma Wave Analyzer SAS-1 16.11.1996 MARS 96 DCDC, Low Frequency Analyzer and EGSE for ELISMA PWC29.08.1998 INTERBALL-2 Radio-spectro Polarimeter POLRAD 29.08.1998 INTERBALL-2 (SUBS.) Plasma Wave Analyzer SA-210.12.2001 COMPASS Radiospectrometer RFA-2 29.02.2004 DEMETER DCDC for Plasma Wave Complex 25. 05 2006 COMPASS-2 Radiospectrometer RF

Turbulence diagnostics

magnetosheat

Bow shock

Magnetopause

1. Electromagnetic pollution at top-

side ionosphere, H. Rothkaehl et al.

2003,2005

2. Broad band emissions inside the

ionospheric trough H. Rothkaehl et

al.1997 ,Grigoryan 2003, Rotkhkaehl et al. 2007.

3. Whistler- gamma rays interaction

related to the Earthquake, Rothkaehl et

al. 2006. Kudela, Bucik 2005.

4. Emissions triggered by lightning, Bucik 2005

Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling,interation of HF waves and energetic electrons

Alfven waves, EMIC, LHR, UHR

Frozen emissions,turbulent regions

Filamentary structures

Double trough structure

Proposed mechanism ion-acoustic wave on the magnetic equator , energetization of electron at low altitude broad band HF emissions

Ionospheric trough region

Responsible Institute

Combined wave sensor - CWS-1, CWS-2

LC ISR, Ukraine

Flux gate magnetometer - DFM-1

ISR RAS , Russia

Flux gate magnetometer - DFM-2

LC ISR, Ukraine

Langmuir probe - LP-1, LP-2

STIL, Bulgaria

Spacecraft potential monitor - DP-1, DP-2

ISR BAS, Bulgaria

Correlating Electron Spectrograph (10eV - 10KeV) CORES

Sussex University, Great Britain

Radio Frequency Analyzer - RFA

SRCPolandSISP Sweden,

Signal Analyzer and Sampler - SAS3

Eotvos University, Hungary

Data Acquisition and Data Acquisition and Control Unit - DACU Control Unit - DACU

KFKI RMKI, Hungary, Sheffield University, Great Britain

Block of Storage of Telemetry Information - BSTM (inside ISS)

KFKI RMKI, Hungary, Sheffield University, Great Britain

Ground support equipment - GSE

KFKI RMKI, Hungary, SRC,Poland

ISS ObstanovkaISS Obstanovka

New technology FPGA-micro blazer

RFARFA VRX Module VRX Module RFARFA CPU Module (component side) CPU Module (component side)

VLF

2013

RELEC RELEC Iinterrelation between Cosmic

Rays, Magnetosphere particles and the Earth

Atmospheric

RELEC 2013 Interrelation between Cosmic Rays,

Magnetosphere particles and the Earth Atmospheric

•Electrons 0.2 – 10 MeV• > 10 MeV• > 0.3 MeV•Protons 0.3 – 60 MeV• > 50 MeV• 3 – 150 MeV• >150 MeV•Gamma 0.05 – 1.0 MeV•Neutron 0.1 – 30 MeV•X-rays 10 – 100 keV•UV 300-400 nm

DRG-1 & DRG-2DRG-1 & DRG-2 - two identical detectors - two identical detectors of X-, gamma-rays and high-energy of X-, gamma-rays and high-energy electrons of high temporal resolution and electrons of high temporal resolution and sensitivitysensitivityDRG-3 DRG-3 - three axe- three axe directed detectors of directed detectors of energtic electrons and protonsenergtic electrons and protonsMTELMTEL - - optical imageroptical imagerDUVDUV - - UV detectorUV detectorBChKBChK - - module of charge and neutral module of charge and neutral particle detectorsparticle detectorsNChANChA - - low-frequency analyserlow-frequency analyserRChARChA - - radio-frequency analyserradio-frequency analyserDOSTELDOSTEL - - dosimeter moduledosimeter moduleBSKUBSKU - module of commands and data - module of commands and data collectioncollection

REZONANS

STUDY OF HF ELECTROMAGNETIC STUDY OF HF ELECTROMAGNETIC PHENOMENA IN THE INNER PHENOMENA IN THE INNER

MAGNETOSPHERE MAGNETOSPHERE Auroral kilometric radio emission:

behaviours of the source, characteristics of emission, outlet of emission from a

source

Стратегия измерений проекта РЕЗОНАНС

РЕЗОНАНС 2А и 2В

РЕЗОНАНС 1А и 1В

INTERHELIOPROBE

PAYLOAD

Mass: 25/70 kg

Power: 100 W

Telemetry: 60 kb/s

Two instrument packages Heliospheric instrumentation (in-situ measurements) Solar instrumentation (remote sensing observations)

Solar Wind Ion Analyzer

Solar Wind Electron Analyzer

Solar Wind Plasma and Dust Analyzer

Magnetic Wave Complex

Magnetometer

Energetic Particle Telescope

Neutron Detector

Radio Spectrometer Detector

Electron Gun

Advantages:- long-term diagnostics: full coverage of the solar cycle; lunar atmosphere, magnetosphere, solar wind, solar radio burst- Space weather applications- new possible observations of radio emissions in solar system -cosmology aspect, dark ages of the Universe- Chances for European leadership in space radio- science

ESA LUNAR NEXT

JUICE(LAPLACE)

4 space crafts 600-800km2013

Uniwersytet im. Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń

Centrum Badań Kosmicznych PAN, Warszawa

Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Szczecin

Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Zielona Góra

Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski, Olsztyn

Uniwersytet Przyrodzniczy, Wrocław

Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków

POLFAR

To the HI tail

LOFAR (LOw Frequency ARray

for radio astronomy)