Effect of Oil Sacha Inchi

5/24/2018 Effect of Oil Sacha Inchi

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EFFECT OF OIL Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L) ON LIPID PROFILE INPATIENTS WITH HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA

Fausto Garmendia1,2,a, Rosa Pando1,3,b, Gerardo Ronceros1,3,c

ABSTRACT

We performed a pilot, experimental, open study in order to know the effect,effective dosage and secondary effects of sacha inchis (Plukenetia volbilis L) oilon the lipid profiles of patients with hypercholesterolemia. We included 24 patientsof ages 35 to 75, to whom we measured total cholesterol (TC), HDL, triglycerides(Tg), glucose (G), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and insulin (I) levels in blood,then we randomized them to receive sacha inchi oil orally 5 ml or 10 ml of asuspension of sacha inchi oil (2gr/5ml) for four months. The oil intake produced adecrease in the mean values of TC, and NEFA, and a rise in HDL in bothsubgroups. The subgroup receiving 10 ml was associated to an increase in theinsulin levels. Sacha inchi oil appears to have beneficial effects on the lipid profileof patients with dyslipidemia, but their efficacy and security should be evaluated inrandomized clinical trials.

Key words: Hyperlipoproteinemias; Hypercholesterolemia; Plukenetia volubilis L.(source: MesH NLM).

INTRODUCTION

In recent years have shown that the inclusion in the feeding of seeds of variousplants as nuts, peanuts, almonds, pecans and Similar products have a beneficial

effect on blood lipid profile (1.2) that is ascribed to its high polyunsaturated fattyacid content. Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L) is a shrub that grows in wild in thePeruvian jungle, from whose seeds, is extracted an oil rich in polyunsaturated fattyomega-3 and omega-6 (3,4). In one study, Bays et al. showed that the latter modifyfavorably lipid profile (5). While there is evidence on the beneficial effect of SachaInchi Oil (6), there is not much information, why decided to undertake this pilotstudy in a group relatively small patient, sufficient to know the lipid lowering effects,dosage and effects secondary.

STUDY

Pilot work was carried out experimental and open which included 24 patients with

hypercholesterolemia type IIa or IIb type according to the classification ofFrederickson (7). These patients were volunteers and were recruited from theoutpatient clinic of the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo. We did not include diabeticpatients with morbid obesity, liver, kidney, or thyroid or lipid-lowering therapy, atleast two months before the study.

By a random list, two groups of patients. The first (Group A), composed of twelvepatients were administered 5 mL of Sacha Inchi oil, the second (Group B), also


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composed of twelve patients were given 10 mL of Sacha Inchi oil orally beforelunch. The oil contained 2 g of omega-3 fatty acids per 5 mL (provided by HersilLaboratories SA). The control of food intake was evaluated on a monthly basis, tocheck the oil intake provided by the groups.

Under fasting conditions than twelve hours, we determined the blood levels of totalcholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (Tg), glucose (G) and enzymaticmethods, the insulin (I) by chemiluminescence and the acid non-esterified fattyacids (NEFA) by high performance chromatography (HLP). Furthermore, wecalculated the VLDL and LDL fractions from the Friedewald method. The non-HDLcholesterol was calculated by subtracting HDL cholesterol CT, we calculated theHOMA (homeostasis model assessment) to measure the degree of insulinsensitivity by the formula G microMol x I/22, 5 Matthews et al . (8). After one, twoand four months of continuous treatment, patients underwent the same tests.

Percentage differences were calculated and averages the results of the analyticalobtained results compared with baseline and between both groups for this, we

used the Student t test, Fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate,SPSS v 17.

All patients received dietary counseling and instructions to limit the intake ofunsaturated fats, also were told that their participation was voluntary and couldwithdraw from the investigation if requested, after explaining the objectives of thestudy, those who accepted entering the study signed informed consent. Theresearch protocol and informed consent of patients was approved by the EthicsCommittee of the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo.

Table 1. Characteristics of the sample.

group A group B p

Age, years 52.8 8.01 54.0 11.9 0.932 *Sex, M / M (%) 3/12 (25,0) 7/12 (58,3) 0.107 **BMI 28.3 3.51 25.7 2.90 0.045 *Abdominal circumference (cm) 93.7 9.59 95.5 7.98 0.551 *IIa hypercholesterolemia (H/ M) 3/12 4/12Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

119.0 13.2 118.0 11.1 0.713 *

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

74.9 9.77 74.3 7.62 0.977 *

hypertension 1/12 1/12smoking 2/12 2/12

* P value obtained by applying the Mann-Whitney U test.

Fisher exact test **

H / M: female / male, BMI: body mass index


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FINDINGS

The study included 24 patients, ten men and fourteen women with high cholesterol,7 type IIa and 17 type IIb of the Fredrickson classification, age of patients was inthe range of 35 to 75 (mean 53.4 9 , 9) years with a BMI of 26.9 3.38,abdominal circumference in women of 94.0 9.8, and in men 95.4 7.3 cm, werealso identified two patients with hypertension blood (8.3%). Comparing the twogroups is shown in Table 1, where there is no difference in the generalcharacteristics of the sample included except a slight difference in BMI. Byanalyzing the biochemical markers, found no differences in baseline values.

In the analysis of paired samples, there is a significant decrease in concentrationsof TC, LDL, VLDL, non-HDL, triglycerides and NEFA with a dose of 5 mL of oil(Table 2), while very important elevation HDL cholesterol. There was no change inthe concentrations of glucose, insulin and HOMA index.

With a dose of 10 mL of oil, there was significant decrease in TC, LDL, HDL and

NEFA Non-HDL and increased after four months of treatment (Table 2) found nosignificant decrease in Tg or the VLDL fraction and on the other hand, there was aslight but significant elevation of glucose, insulin and HOMA index.

On the fourth month of treatment, most of the averages of the biochemical markerswere higher than the second month of treatment, but the differences were notsignificant and values were even lower than baseline levels, except HDLcholesterol, which continued to increase, and NEFA continued to decline.

Table 2.Dose effect as Sacha Inchi oil for four months of treatment, the analysis ofsamples

paired.

marker Group

measurement


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Basal 1.er 4.to months months months 2.do

Total cholesterol (mg / dL) to 258.1 7.7 226.0 6.6 c 211.7 7.2 c 225.7 8.1 b

B 262.3 11.9 237.2 10.2 to 219.7 10.6 c 242.8 14.3 to

HDL (mg / dL) to 44.3 2.8 45.4 3.3 50.5 2.8 c 54.2 2.9 b

B 45.2 2.8 46.9 3.2 49.9 2.9 50.5 2.5 to

LDL (mg / dL) to 184.0 10.9 143.5 6.4 b 128.8 6.1 c 136.5 7.7 b

B 180.5 11.6 157.2 8.2 133.2 8.6 c 149.0 8.2 to

VLDL (mg / dL) to 41.3 5.3 37.6 5.2 31.4 4.2 c 36.4 3.8

B 41.0 5.3 38.2 4.1 34.4 4.9 34.9 6.3

Non-HDL (mg / dL) to 213.7 6.9 180.6 6.0 c 161.2 8.2 c 171.5 8.3 c

B 217.2 11.4 190.2 8.9 b 169.7 10.3 c 191.7 12.7 b

Triglycerides (mg / dL) to 236.0 37.7 203.2 28.0 177.4 27.5 c 196.0 21.5

B 233.9 30.0 185.4 19.6 188.8 27.3 246.3 39.1

Glucose (mg / dL) to 88.6 2.5 87.7 2.6 85.8 3.9 94.4 4.5

B 81.4 2.57 89.1 2.3 to 87.5 3.7 90.2 3.0 b

Insulin (uUI / mL) to 10.8 0.9 11.2 1.1 11.8 0.6 13.8 1.5

B 10.3 0.8 12.1 0.8 11.0 1.1 13.7 1.1 to

HOMA Index

insulin sensitivity

A 2.4 0.2 2.41 0.2 2.52 0.2 3.01 0.3

B 2.1 0.2 2.70 0.2 to 2.41 0.3 3.14 0.3 to

Fatty acids

esterified (ng / dL)

A 24.9 2.1 22.4 1.7 18.1 1.90 b 17.9 1.5 c

B 28.4 1.9 24.6 1.7 to 21.5 1.8 c 18.8 2.1 b

Group A: 5 mL of Sacha Inchi. Group B: 10 mL of Sacha Inchi.

P values when comparing the month indicated with baseline in each group: p


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Effect of Oil Sacha Inchi