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DEMOCRATIZING EDUCATION THROUGH DIGITAL ENGAGEMENTS

Prof. Partha Pratim Das

ppd@cse.iitkgp.ac.in, partha.p.das@gmail.com

Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering,Head, Rajendra Mishra School of Engineering Entrepreneurship,

Professor-in-Charge, IIT Kharagpur Research Park, Kolkata, Joint Principal Investigator, National Digital Library of India Project

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Location: Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of

Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan

Geographic coordinates: 20 00 N, 77 00 E

Map references: Asia

Area total : 3,287,590 sq km

Land : 2,973,190 sq km

Water: 314,400 sq km

Area: Comparative slightly more than one-third the size of the US

Land boundaries total:14,103 km

Border countries: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, China, Nepal,

Pakistan

Population: 1.3 Billion

OVERVIEW

NEED FOR DEMOCRATIZATION:

*http://www.ficci.in/spdocument/20787/FICCI-Indian-Higher-Education.pdf

1. INADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE

With a million people turning 18 every month, India needs 6 Universities and 270 colleges monthly to bridge the education divide.

NEED FOR DEMOCRATIZATION:2. IMMINENT DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND

India is poised to become the third largest economy by 2030, with one of the largest and youngest workforce in the world.

The country will reportedly need to create jobs for around 100 million people who enter the job market over the next decade.

*http://www.ficci.in/spdocument/20787/FICCI-Indian-Higher-Education.pdf

NEED FOR DEMOCRATIZATION:3. COST OF PRIVATE EDUCATION

Private education is inordinately expensive, and hence only accessible to a miniscule percentile of learners with further constraints of geography as well as language.

*http://www.ficci.in/spdocument/20787/FICCI-Indian-Higher-Education.pdf

INDIA’S NEEDQUALITY EDUCATION FOR ANYONE, ANYTIME, ANYWHERE

Under various articles of the Indian Constitution, free and compulsory education is provided as a fundamental right to children between the ages of 6 and 14.

The ratio of public (govt) schools to private schools in India is 7:5.

“

INDIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM

MHRD

School Education and Literacy Higher Education

In India there are basically four types of Institutions to look after the development of primary and secondary education. They are:

1 Central Government2 State Government3 Local Bodies/Institutions4 Private Institutions

INDIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM

Indian education system comprises of formal and informal network of educational institutes.

INDIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM ● Pre-school: Education at this level is not compulsory. The Montessori system is especially popular at the pre-school level

● Private playschools: Catering for children between the ages of 18 months and three

● Kindergarten: This is divided into lower kindergarten (for 3- to 4-year-olds) and upper kindergarten (for 4- to 5-year-olds)

● Primary school: First to fifth standard/class/grade (for 6- to 10-year-olds)

● Middle school: Fifth to eighth standard/class/grade (for 11- to 14-year-olds)

● Secondary school: Ninth and tenth standard/class/grade (for 14- to 16-year-olds)

● Higher secondary or pre-university: 11th and 12th standard/class/grade (for 16- to 17-year-olds). This is when students choose an academic area on which to focus

● Undergraduate: A BA is a three-year degree. Specialised courses such as medicine and engineering can be longer

● Postgraduate: A one-year course

SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM

India is divided into 29 states and 7 Union Territories. The states have their own elected governments while the Union Territories are ruled directly by the Government of India, with the President of India appointing an administrator for each Union Territory.

There are mainly three streams in school education in India.

Two of these are coordinated at the national level.

SCH

OO

L ED

UCAT

ION

NATIONAL LEVEL

STATE LEVEL

CBSC

ICSC

SCERT

Independant (Kerala)

NCERT

HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN INDIA

● THIRD LARGEST IN THE WORLD● ABOUT 750+ UNIVERSITY LEVEL INSTITUTES● OVER 37,000 COLLEGES● 1M TEACHERS● 20M STUDENTS● Most institutes, especially PG institutes, are english

medium

*https://www.slideshare.net/AbhinavJaswal/internationalisation-of-higher-education-in-india*https://www.ibef.org/industry/education-presentation

NDLI VISION

Build up National Digital Library of India as a National Knowledge and Cultural Asset:

The key driving force for Education, Research, Cultural heritage, Innovation, and knowledge-sharing in India

A NATIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND CULTURAL ASSETThe key driving force for Education, Research, Cultural heritage, Innovation, and knowledge-sharing in India

“It is high time that India speaks for herself, to highlight, offer and share its own cultural, spiritual, academic and scientific heritage on its own terms”

NDLI MOTTO

1 OPEN

2 INCLUSIVE

WINNER mBillionth South Asia Award 2017: in Learning and Education Category for Android Mobile App

NDLI INITIATIVES & INNOVATIONS ThroughDIGITAL ENGAGEMENTS

INADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE: Supplementing with CYBER SPACE – Internet, TV & Mobile

THE BIG PICTURE

NATIONALDIGITALLIBRARYOF INDIA

SWAYAM,SWAYAM Prabha,

GIAN

CREDIT TRANSFERAnd VIRTUAL

CERTIFICATION(NAD)

Knowledge Repository:Internet & Mobile

Upto 20 creditsFrom MOOCs

School, Certificate, Diploma, UG & PG:Internet

SWAYAM:instrument for self-actualisation

School, UG, PG, Open U, IIT PAL :TV – DTH

SWAYAM Prabha:32 DTH, 24x7

NATIONAL INITIATIVES

TRAINING AND REPOSITORY SERVICE

OUTREACH PROGRAM

Regional workshops

• Importance of institutional repositories and partnering with NDLI

• Extensive training on NDLI data model and repository setup

Repository as Service

• NDLI offers infrastructure service to the institutes with poor or no infrastructure

*

NATIONAL INITIATIVES

1

NATIONAL INITIATIVES

NATIONAL LEVEL POLICY ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS:

• Enhancing awareness and sensitivity through National workshops and “targeted issue based publications” with regard to copyright issues among Librarians and key stakeholders on matters inked to digital (D) and non-digital (ND) content archiving, conversion, and sharing.

• Interfacing with the Government to resolve ambiguities in the Indian Copyright Law with regard to exceptions and limitations associated with “fair dealing”

• Developing a “copyright manual of good practices” for Librarians and stakeholders in India.

*

REJUVENATING THE PUBLIC LIBRARY SERVICE THROUGH DIGITAL REFERENCE SOURCES

*

ACCESS AND DISCOVERY INNOVATION:

SURROGATOR

● Makes available pre-print copies of academic resources that are otherwise unavailable to learners

● A customizable application that can identify surrogates for access-restricted publications in digital libraries

● Surrogator can make a case for the evolution of specific subject matters through pre-print indexing and open up a whole new realm of research

● Application is being tested through NDLI, can easily be extended to other digital libraries

SURR

OG

ATO

R

1. QUERY

2. QUERY

3. RESULTS

6. CITATION

4. RESULTS + ACCESS RIGHTS

5. FIND SURROGATES

8. SURROGATES

7. ARTICLES+RELATED_ARTICLES + CITED_BY

IMMINENT DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND

VIRTUAL LIBRARIES ARE MORE THAN A PASSIVE COLLECTION OF BOOKS...

● Like with all other things digital, users expect a lot more customization and interaction from digital libraries - the digital library hence needs to evolve into a bouquet of services instead of just a storage platform

● Apart from collating data and connecting them meaningfully, the end-success of the library will always lie with its users. NDLI clubs encourages the active involvement of users with the content as well as each other to Learn, Share, Grow.

NDLI CLUBS● E-learning environment for schools● Involving all K-12 Stakeholders● Single point of access for unified

academic resources● Aimed at building active learners

among users - NDLI club newsletters, quiz, workshops on themes like STEM, e-commerce, IoT etc.

NDLI CLUBS

● Clubs can provide insights on learning outcomes and cognitive abilities to better curriculum

● Will allow development of concept-based questions modelled on learning behaviour● Student profiles and performance will allow school management to make better decisions

1IN

DIVID

UAL SCHOOL WEBSITE

OUTER TIER

2NDLI C

LUB WEBSITE

MIDDLE TIER

3NDLI P

ORTAL

INNER TIER

NDLI CLUB OPERATIONAL MODEL;

EDUPRENEURSHIP INTEGRATION: COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS

The increasing number of student enrolments in the test preparation market, due to rising student competition along with significant decline in the test pass percentage in competitive exams, is the primary reason leading to growth in the market.

Hence, students are frequently opting for test preparation courses to increase their chances of clearing competitive exams.

*https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20180322005589/en/Top-Emerging-Trends-Test-Preparation-Market-India%C2%A0

COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION MARKET IN INDIA:

NDLI CAREER PLATFORM OBJECTIVES:

● CAREER INFORMATION● TEST PREPARATION● #ASPIRATIONSTACK● INNOVATION AND RESEARCH

COMPETITIONS● SCHOLARSHIPS.

Schematic representation of the #AspirationStack

*Developed by: http://www.cleducate.com/

COST OF PRIVATE EDUCATION

NATIONAL LICENSING

An initiative by eSS:

● e-ShodhSindhu: Consortium for Higher Education Electronic Resources

Licensing being negotiated with Publishers

● Institutional License:

Accessible from within designated institutional network: IP filtered

● NDL Supported License:

Accessible if requested from NDL: Concurrent use-basis

MULTI-LINGUAL INTERFACE: BROWSE IN PREFERRED LANGUAGE

NDLI BENGALI

NDLI HINDI

NDLI GUJARATI

NATIONAL INITIATIVES

OCR FOR INDIAN LANGUAGES*

METADATA ENRICHMENT

• Automated metadata extraction toolText processing + external services like crossref• Metadata enrichment with Linked Data

Resources DbPedia, Wikidata etc.

*

INTERNATIONAL SCOPE AND COLLABORATION CHANNELS

INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS

JOINED THE RIGHTSSTATEMENTS.ORG2

UNESCO-NDLI INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING FOR DIGITAL LIBRARY DESIGN

1

3THEMES AND PROPOSALS OPEN FOR NDLI INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM DEC, 2019

INTERNATIONAL SCOPE

TECHNOLOGY SHARING1

2 CONTENT SHARING

3 COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH

4 LIASING ON CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN DIGITAL LIBRARIES

5 KNOWLEDGE SHARING ON METADATA DESIGN AND DATA MANAGEMENT PROCESSES

6 EXPERIENCE AND GROWTH HACKING

Don't limit a child to your own learning, for he was born in another time.

-Rabindranath Tagore

#LearnShareGrow

Use your e-mail address to sign up at: https://ndl.iitkgp.ac.in/

Together, let us

@NDLIndia