EAGLE

EAGLEEASILY APPLICABLE GRAPHICAL LAYOUT EDITOR

Manual

Version 5

2nd Edition

Copyright 2008 CadSoft All Rights Reserved

How to reach us

Phone: +1 954-237-0932Fax: +1 954-237-0968E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.cadsoftusa.com

Office Hours are:Mon Thu: 9 am to 5 pm ESTFri: 9 am to 4 pm EST

CadSoft Computer, Inc.19620 Pines Blvd. Suite 217Pembroke Pines, Florida 33029U.S.A.

This software and documentation are copyrighted by CadSoft Computer, Inc., doing business under the trade name EAGLE. The software and documentation are licensed, not sold, and may be used or copied only in accordance with the EAGLE License Agreement accompanying the software and/or reprinted in this document. This software embodies valuable trade secrets proprietary to CadSoft Computer, Inc.Specifications subject to change without notice. Copyright 1988-2008 CadSoft Computer, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide.No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, or otherwise, without the prior consent of CadSoft.

Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.Mac is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.

EAGLELICENSEAGREEMENT

This is a legalagreementbetweenyou,theenduser, andCadSoft Computer, Inc.,whichmarketssoftwareproductsunderthetrademarkEAGLE.CadSoftComputer,Inc.shallbereferredtointhisAgreementasCadSoft.Ifyoudonotagreetothetermsofthis Agreement, promptly return the diskette package and accompanying items(includingwrittenmaterialsandcontainers)totheplaceyouobtainedthemforafullrefund. USE OF THIS PRODUCT CONSTITUTES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THESETERMSANDCONDITIONSANDYOURAGREEMENTTOABIDEBYTHEM.

GrantofLicenseCadSoftgrantstoyoutherighttouseonecopyoftheaccompanyingEAGLEsoftwareprogramandanyandall updatesthatyoumayreceive(theSoftware)onasinglecomputerorworkstation.Youmay,however,installtheSoftwareonmorethanonecomputeroronafileserverprovidedyoudonotoperatetheSoftwareonmorethanonecomputerorworkstationatatime.

CopyrightTheSoftwareisownedbyCadSoftandisprotectedbyUnitedStatescopyrightlawsandinternationaltreatyprovisions.Therefore, youmusttreattheSoftwarelikeanyothercopyrightedmaterial(e.g.,abookormusicalrecording).YoumaynotcopythewrittenmaterialsaccompanyingtheSoftware.

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LIMITEDWARRANTYCadSoftwarrantstheaccompanyingSoftwareanddocumentationtobefreeofdefectsinmaterials andworkmanshipfor aperiodof ninety(90)daysfromthepurchasedate.TheentireandexclusiveliabilityandremedyforbreachofthisLimitedWarrantyshallbe,atCadsoft'soption,either(a)returnofthepricepaidor(b)replacementofdefective Software and/or documentation provided the Software and/ordocumentationisreturnedtoCadSoftwithacopyofyourreceipt.Cadsoft'sliabilityshallnotincludeorextendtoanyclaimfororrighttorecoveranyotherdamages,includingbutnotlimitedto, lossofprofit, dataoruseoftheSoftware,orspecial,incidentalorconsequentialdamagesorothersimilarclaims,evenifCadSofthasbeenspecifically advised of the possibility of such damages. In no event will Cadsoft'sliability for any damages to you or any other person ever exceed the lower ofsuggestedlistpriceoractualpricepaidforthelicensetousetheSoftware,regardlessofanyformoftheclaim.

TOTHEEXTENTPERMITTEDUNDERAPPLICABLELAW,CadSoft DISCLAIMSALLOTHERWARRANTIES,EXPRESSORIMPLIED,INCLUDINGBUTNOTLIMITEDTO,ANYIMPLIEDWARRANTYOFMERCHANTABILITYORFITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSE. SPECIFICALLY, CadSoft MAKESNOREPRESENTATIONORWARRANTYTHATTHESOFTWAREISFITFORANYPARTICULARPURPOSE,ANDANYIMPLIEDWARRANTYOFMERCHANTABILITYISLIMITEDTOTHENINETYDAYDURATIONOF THE LIMITED WARRANTY COVERING THE SOFTWARE AND PHYSICALDOCUMENTATION ONLY, AND IS OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY AND SPECIFICALLYDISCLAIMED.

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U.S.GOVERNMENTRESTRICTEDRIGHTSThe Software and documentation are provided with RESTRICTED RIGHTS. Use,duplicationordisclosurebytheU.S.Governmentissubjecttorestrictionsassetforthinsubparagraph(c)(1)(ii) oftheRightsInTechnical DataandComputerSoftwareclauseat252.2277013. Contractor/manufacturer is CadSoftComputer, Inc., 19620PinesBlvd.Suite217,PembrokePines,Florida33029,U.S.A.

TableofContentsChapter1Introduction................................................................................21

1.1WhatisinthisManual?................................................................211.2TechnicalTerms............................................................................22

Chapter2Installation..................................................................................25

2.1WhatYouHaveReceived..............................................................252.2NewInstallations..........................................................................25

Windows......................................................................................25Linux............................................................................................27MacOSX......................................................................................28

2.3UpdatinganOlderVersion...........................................................29NotesonLibraryFiles...................................................................29InCaseofChangesintheFileDataStructure..............................30

2.4ChangingorExtendingtheLicense..............................................302.5MultipleUserLicenses..................................................................31

NotesforInstallinginaNetwork..................................................31SpecialInstructionsUnderWindows............................................32PathInformation........................................................................32DifferentOperatingSystemsattheWorkingComputers............32

Chapter3EAGLEModulesandEditions......................................................33

3.1EAGLEModules............................................................................33TheLayoutEditor.........................................................................33SchematicEditor..........................................................................33Autorouter....................................................................................34

3.2DifferentEditions..........................................................................34ProfessionalEdition......................................................................34General......................................................................................34LayoutEditor.............................................................................35SchematicEditor........................................................................35AutorouterModule.....................................................................36

StandardEdition..........................................................................36LightEdition.................................................................................36

Chapter4AFirstLookatEAGLE.................................................................37

4.1TheControlPanel.........................................................................37

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LibrarySummary..........................................................................38DesignRules.................................................................................39UserLanguagePrograms,Scripts,CAMJobs................................40Projects.........................................................................................40MenuBar......................................................................................41FileMenu...................................................................................41ViewMenu.................................................................................42OptionsMenu............................................................................43WindowMenu...........................................................................46HelpMenu.................................................................................46

4.2TheSchematicEditorWindow.....................................................47HowYouObtainDetailedInformationAboutaCommand...........48BubbleHelpAndToolTips........................................................48HelpFunction...........................................................................49

CommandParameters..................................................................49GRID.........................................................................................50

TheActionToolbar.......................................................................50USE...........................................................................................50SCRIPT......................................................................................51RUN..........................................................................................51WINDOW..................................................................................51UNDO/REDO............................................................................51StopIcon...................................................................................51GoIcon......................................................................................51

TheCommandToolbarofTheSchematicEditor..........................52INFO.........................................................................................52SHOW.......................................................................................52DISPLAY....................................................................................52MARK........................................................................................52MOVE........................................................................................52COPY.........................................................................................53MIRROR....................................................................................53ROTATE....................................................................................53GROUP......................................................................................53CHANGE...................................................................................54CUT...........................................................................................54PASTE.......................................................................................54DELETE.....................................................................................54ADD..........................................................................................54PINSWAP..................................................................................55GATESWAP...............................................................................55REPLACE...................................................................................55

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NAME........................................................................................55VALUE.......................................................................................55SMASH......................................................................................55MITER.......................................................................................56SPLIT........................................................................................56INVOKE.....................................................................................56WIRE.........................................................................................56TEXT.........................................................................................56CIRCLE......................................................................................57ARC...........................................................................................57RECT.........................................................................................57POLYGON.................................................................................57BUS...........................................................................................57NET...........................................................................................57JUNCTION................................................................................57LABEL.......................................................................................57ATTRIBUTE...............................................................................58ERC...........................................................................................58

CommandsNotAvailableintheCommandToolbar.....................58ASSIGN......................................................................................58CLASS........................................................................................58CLOSE........................................................................................58EDIT...........................................................................................59FRAME.......................................................................................59EXPORT.....................................................................................59LAYER........................................................................................59MENU........................................................................................59OPEN.........................................................................................59PACKAGE...................................................................................59PRINT........................................................................................60QUIT..........................................................................................60REMOVE....................................................................................60SET............................................................................................60TECHNOLOGY...........................................................................60UPDATE.....................................................................................60WRITE........................................................................................60

MouseKeys..................................................................................61SelectingNeighbouringObjects.................................................61

4.3TheLayoutEditorWindow...........................................................61TheCommandsontheLayoutCommandToolbar.......................62INFO.........................................................................................62SHOW.......................................................................................62

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DISPLAY....................................................................................63MARK........................................................................................63MOVE........................................................................................63COPY.........................................................................................63MIRROR....................................................................................64ROTATE....................................................................................64GROUP......................................................................................64CHANGE...................................................................................64CUT...........................................................................................65PASTE.......................................................................................65DELETE.....................................................................................65ADD..........................................................................................65PINSWAP..................................................................................65REPLACE...................................................................................66LOCK.........................................................................................66NAME........................................................................................66VALUE.......................................................................................66SMASH......................................................................................66MITER.......................................................................................67SPLIT........................................................................................67OPTIMIZE.................................................................................67ROUTE......................................................................................67RIPUP........................................................................................67WIRE.........................................................................................67TEXT.........................................................................................68CIRCLE......................................................................................68ARC...........................................................................................68RECT.........................................................................................69POLYGON.................................................................................69VIA............................................................................................69SIGNAL.....................................................................................69HOLE........................................................................................69ATTRIBUTE...............................................................................69RATSNEST................................................................................69AUTO........................................................................................70ERC...........................................................................................70DRC...........................................................................................70ERRORS....................................................................................70

4.4TheLibraryEditorWindow..........................................................70LoadorRenamePackage,Symbol,orDevice...............................72EDIT..........................................................................................72REMOVE....................................................................................72

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RENAME....................................................................................72ThePackageEditingMode...........................................................72DesignNewPackage..................................................................72PAD...........................................................................................72SMD..........................................................................................73

TheSymbolEditingMode............................................................73DesignaNewSymbol................................................................73PIN............................................................................................73

TheDeviceEditingmode..............................................................74CreateActualComponentsfromSymbolsandPackages............75ADD..........................................................................................75NAME........................................................................................75CHANGE...................................................................................76PACKAGE...................................................................................76CONNECT..................................................................................76PREFIX.......................................................................................76VALUE........................................................................................76TECHNOLOGY...........................................................................76ATTRIBUTE...............................................................................76DESCRIPTION............................................................................77

4.5TheCAMProcessor.......................................................................77GenerateData..............................................................................78StartingtheCAMProcessor........................................................78LoadJobFile..............................................................................78LoadBoard.................................................................................78SetOutputParameters...............................................................79StartOutput...............................................................................79DefineNewJob..........................................................................79

4.6TheTextEditorWindow..............................................................80

Chapter5PrinciplesforWorkingwithEAGLE.............................................81

5.1CommandInputPossibilities........................................................81ActivateCommandandSelectObject...........................................81CommandLine.............................................................................81HistoryFunction...........................................................................82TheContextMenu........................................................................82FunctionKeys...............................................................................83ScriptFiles....................................................................................85MixedInput..................................................................................85

5.2TheEAGLECommandLanguage..................................................85

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TypographicalConventions..........................................................86EnterkeyandSemicolon............................................................86BoldTypeorUpperCase............................................................86LowerCase.................................................................................86Underscore.................................................................................86Spaces........................................................................................87AlternativeParameters...............................................................87RepetitionPoints........................................................................87MouseClick................................................................................87

EnteringCoordinatesasText.......................................................88Relativevalues:..........................................................................88Polarvalues:..............................................................................89RightMouseClick:.....................................................................89Modifier:....................................................................................89

5.3GridsandtheCurrentUnits..........................................................905.4AliasesforDISPLAY,GRID,andWINDOW...................................92

Example:DISPLAYAlias...............................................................92Example:GRIDAlias....................................................................92Example:WINDOWAlias.............................................................93Editing,Renaming,DeletingofanAlias.......................................93

5.5NamesandAutomaticNaming.....................................................94Length..........................................................................................94ForbiddenandSpecialCharacters................................................94AutomaticNaming.......................................................................94

5.6ImportandExportofData............................................................95ScriptFilesandDataImport.........................................................95FileExportUsingtheEXPORTCommand....................................96DIRECTORY...............................................................................96NETLIST.....................................................................................96NETSCRIPT................................................................................96PARTLIST...................................................................................96PINLIST......................................................................................96SCRIPT.......................................................................................96IMAGE........................................................................................96

5.7TheEAGLEUserLanguage...........................................................975.8Forward&BackAnnotation...........................................................985.9ConfiguringEAGLEIndividually...................................................99

ConfigurationCommands.............................................................99TheMenuOptions/Set(SETCommand).................................100

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Theeagle.scrFile........................................................................105TheeaglercFile..........................................................................106EAGLEProjectFile......................................................................107

Chapter6FromSchematictoFinishedBoard...........................................109

6.1CreatingtheSchematicDiagram................................................109OpentheSchematicDiagram.....................................................110SettheGrid................................................................................110PlaceSymbols.............................................................................110LoadDrawingFrame................................................................110PlaceCircuitSymbols(Gates)..................................................112HiddenSupplyGates................................................................112DeviceswithSeveralGates......................................................113

WiringtheSchematicDiagram...................................................114DrawNets(NET).....................................................................114DefiningCrossReferencesforNets..........................................114CrossReferencesforContacts..................................................116SpecifyingNetClasses..............................................................117Drawingabus(BUS)...............................................................118

PinswapandGateswap...............................................................119PowerSupply.............................................................................120DefineAttributes........................................................................121GlobalAttributes......................................................................121AttributesforElements............................................................121

ERCCheckandCorrectSchematic...........................................124OrganizeSchematicSheets........................................................126PointstoNotefortheSchematicEditor......................................126SuperimposedPins...................................................................126OpenPinswhenMOVEing.......................................................126MergeDifferentSchematics.....................................................126

6.2ConsiderationsPriortoCreatingaBoard...................................127CheckingtheComponentLibraries.............................................127AgreementwiththeBoardManufacturer...................................127SpecifyingtheDesignRules.......................................................128GeneralPrinciples....................................................................128Layers.......................................................................................129MinimumClearanceandDistance............................................131Sizes.........................................................................................131Restring(PadandViaDiameter).............................................131Shapes......................................................................................134Supply......................................................................................135

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Masks.......................................................................................137Misc..........................................................................................138

6.3CreateBoard...............................................................................138WithouttheSchematicEditor.....................................................139SpecifytheBoardOutline...........................................................139ArrangeComponents..................................................................141AttributesforComponentsandGlobalAttributes.......................143BoardswithComponentsonBothSides.....................................143ExchangingPackages..................................................................143PACKAGECommand................................................................143REPLACEcommand.................................................................144

ChangingtheTechnology...........................................................145DefineForbiddenAreas..............................................................145RoutingPlacingTracksManually............................................146DefiningaCopperPlanewithPOLYGON...................................148

6.4DRCCheckingtheLayoutandCorrectingErrors.....................150TheDRCErrorsWindow............................................................152ErrorMessagesandtheirMeaning.............................................153

6.5MultilayerBoards.......................................................................156InnerLayer.................................................................................156SignalLayers............................................................................157SupplyLayerswithPolygonsandMorethanOneSignal.........157PowerSupplyLayerwithOneSignal.......................................157SupplyLayersandAutorouter..................................................159

MultilayerBoardswithThroughVias.........................................159LayerSetup..............................................................................159

MultilayerwithBlindandBuriedVias........................................160Disambiguation........................................................................160DisplayingVias.........................................................................161LayerSetup..............................................................................161HintsForWorkingWithBlind,Buried,andMicroVias............166

MicroViaASpecialCaseofBlindVia.....................................1676.6UpdatingComponents(LibraryUpdate)....................................1686.7PrintOutSchematicandLayout.................................................1696.8CombiningSmallCircuitBoardsonaCommonPanel...............1726.9ConsistencyLostbetweenSchematicandLayout......................173

Chapter7TheAutorouter..........................................................................175

7.1BasicFeatures.............................................................................1757.2WhatCanbeExpectedfromtheAutorouter..............................175

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7.3ControllingtheAutorouter.........................................................176BusRouter..................................................................................176RoutingPass...............................................................................177Optimization..............................................................................177

7.4WhatHastobeDefinedBeforeAutorouting..............................177DesignRules...............................................................................177TrackWidthandNetClasses......................................................177Grid............................................................................................178PlacementGrid........................................................................178RoutingGrid............................................................................178

MemoryRequirement.................................................................180Layer..........................................................................................180PreferredDirections...................................................................181RestrictedAreasfortheAutorouter............................................181CostFactorsandOtherControlParameters...............................182

7.5TheAutorouterMenu.................................................................1827.6HowtheCostFactorsInfluencetheRoutingProcess.................184

LayerCosts.................................................................................185cfBase.xx:0..20........................................................................185

Costs...........................................................................................185cfVia:0..99...............................................................................185cfNonPref:0..10.......................................................................185cfChangeDir:0..25...................................................................186cfOrthStep,cfDiagStep.............................................................186cfExtdStep:0..30......................................................................186cfBonusStep,cfMalusStep:1..3................................................186cfPadImpact,cfSmdImpact:0..10.............................................186cfBusImpact:0..10...................................................................187cfHugging:0..5........................................................................187cfAvoid0..10............................................................................187cfPolygon0..30........................................................................187

Maximum...................................................................................187mnVia0..30.............................................................................187mnSegments0..9999...............................................................187mnExtdSteps0..9999...............................................................187

7.7NumberofRipup/RetryAttempts..............................................1887.8RoutingMultiLayerBoards........................................................188

SupplyLayers.............................................................................188PolygonsasSupplyLayers..........................................................189

7.9BackupandInterruptionofRouting...........................................1897.10InformationfortheUser...........................................................190

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StatusDisplay.............................................................................190Logfile.......................................................................................191

7.11ParametersofaControlFile.....................................................1927.12PracticalHints...........................................................................193

General.......................................................................................193SingleSidedBoards...................................................................193SMDBoardsWithSupplyLayers................................................193Whatcanbedoneifnotallsignalsarerouted?..........................194

Chapter8ComponentDesignExplainedthroughExamples.....................195

8.1DefinitionofaSimpleResistor...................................................196ResistorPackage.........................................................................196DefineaNewPackage..............................................................196SettheGrid..............................................................................196SolderPads..............................................................................196PadName.................................................................................197SilkscreenandDocumentationPrint........................................197Labeling...................................................................................198Restrictedareaforcomponents................................................199Description...............................................................................199Note.........................................................................................199

ResistorSymbol..........................................................................200DefineaNewSymbol...............................................................200SettheGrid..............................................................................200PlacethePins...........................................................................200PinNames................................................................................202SchematicSymbol....................................................................203

ResistorDevice...........................................................................203DefineaNewDevice................................................................203Selecting,NamingandConfiguringSymbols...........................204SelectingthePackage...............................................................204ConnectionsBetweenPinsandPads........................................205DefinePrefix............................................................................206Value........................................................................................206Description...............................................................................206Save.........................................................................................207

LibraryDescription.....................................................................207UseLibrary.................................................................................207

8.2DefiningaComplexDevice.........................................................207

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CreatingaNewLibrary..............................................................209DrawingthePinLeadedPackage...............................................209SettheGrid..............................................................................210PlacePads................................................................................210PadName.................................................................................211DrawtheSilkScreenSymbol...................................................211PackageNameandPackageValue...........................................211AreasForbiddentoComponents..............................................212Description...............................................................................212Save.........................................................................................213

DefiningtheSMDPackage.........................................................214SettheGrid..............................................................................215PlacingSMDSolderPads.........................................................215SMDNames.............................................................................217DrawtheSilkScreen................................................................217PackageNameandPackageValue...........................................217AreaForbiddentoComponents................................................218LocatingPoint(Origin)............................................................218Description...............................................................................218Save.........................................................................................218

DefiningtheLogicSymbolfortheSchematicDiagram...............220ChecktheGrid.........................................................................220PlacethePins...........................................................................220PinName.................................................................................221DrawtheSymbol......................................................................221PlaceholdersforNAMEandVALUE..........................................221Save.........................................................................................221

DefiningaPowerSupplySymbol...............................................222ChecktheGrid.........................................................................222PlacethePins...........................................................................222PinName.................................................................................223PlaceholdersforNAMEandVALUE..........................................223

AssociatingthePackagesandSymbolstoFormaDeviceSet.....224SelectSymbols.........................................................................224NamingtheGates.....................................................................224SpecifyAddlevelandSwaplevel...............................................225ChoosingthePackageVariants................................................225TheConnectCommand............................................................226DefiningTechnologies..............................................................227SpecifyingthePrefix................................................................228Value........................................................................................228Description...............................................................................229

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Save.........................................................................................2298.3SupplyVoltages..........................................................................230

ComponentPowerSupplyPins...................................................230InvisibleSupplyPins................................................................230

PinswiththeSameNames.........................................................2328.4SupplySymbols..........................................................................2328.5Attributes....................................................................................234

DefineAttributes........................................................................234DisplayAttributes.......................................................................237PlaceholdersinSymbolandPackage.......................................237

8.6LabelingofSchematicSymbols..................................................2378.7MoreabouttheAddlevelParameter...........................................238

Summary....................................................................................238Relay:CoilandFirstContactmustbePlaced.............................239Connector:SomeConnectionPinscanbeOmitted....................239ConnectorwithFixingHoleandRestrictedArea........................240

8.8DefiningComponentswithContactCrossReferences................241DefineSymbol............................................................................241DefineDevice.............................................................................242DefinePackage...........................................................................242

8.9DrawingFrames..........................................................................2438.10ComponentsontheSolderSide...............................................2448.11ComponentswithOblongHoles...............................................2458.12CreatingNewPackageVariants................................................245

PackagefromAnotherLibrary....................................................245DefiningthePackageVariant...................................................246ConnectCommand...................................................................247DefiningTechnologies..............................................................247Save.........................................................................................248

UsingaModifiedPackagefromAnotherLibrary........................248CopyingthePackage................................................................248DefiningtheVariant.................................................................249

8.13DefiningPackagesinAnyRotation...........................................249RotatingaPackageasaWhole...................................................249PackageswithRadialPadArrangement.....................................250

8.14LibraryandPartManagement..................................................250CopyingofLibraryElements......................................................250WithinaLibrary.......................................................................250FromOneLibraryintoAnother................................................251CompositionofYourownLibraries..........................................254

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RemovingandRenamingLibraryElements................................254UpdatePackagesinLibraries......................................................255

Chapter9PreparingManufacturingData..................................................257

9.1WhichDatadoweNeedforBoardManufacture?......................257GerberPlotData.........................................................................258GERBER_RS274X.....................................................................258GERBERAUTOandGERBER....................................................258

DrillData....................................................................................259EXCELLON...............................................................................259EXCELLON_RACK....................................................................259SM1000andSM3000..............................................................259FurtherDrillDataDevices........................................................260

PrototypeManufactureWithaMillingMachine.........................260outlines.ulp..............................................................................260milloutlines.ulp.......................................................................260

FilmGenerationUsingPostScriptFiles.......................................260PrintingonaFilm.......................................................................261DataforPickandplaceMachinesandIncircuitTesters............261Documentation...........................................................................262PartsList..................................................................................262DrillPlan..................................................................................263DrillLegend.............................................................................265

9.2RulesthatSaveTimeandMoney...............................................2659.3QuickGuideforDataOutput......................................................266

Jobgerb274x.cam......................................................................266Jobexcellon.cam........................................................................267Jobgerber.cam...........................................................................269

9.4WhichFilesdoINeedformyBoard?.........................................270FilesList.....................................................................................270PlaceholdersforOutputFileNameGeneration........................273HintsConcerningFileExtensions:............................................273

9.5PeculiaritiesofMultilayerBoards...............................................273SimpleInnerLayers....................................................................274SupplyLayer...............................................................................274DrillDataforMultilayerBoardsWithBlindandBuriedVias......274

9.6SetOutputParameters...............................................................2759.7AutomatingtheOutputwithCAMProcessorJobs.....................278

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DefiningaNewCAMJob...........................................................278Extendinggerber.camJobforMultilayerBoards........................279ErrorMessage:AperturesMissing..............................................280GerberInfoFiles.........................................................................280DrillDataGenerationwithSeparateRackFile...........................281DefineaDrillConfiguration(Rack)File...................................281DefineJobforDrillDataOutput..............................................282DrillInfoFile............................................................................282

9.8DeviceDriverDefinitionineagle.def..........................................283CreatingYourOwnDeviceDriver..............................................283Example1:Gerber(auto)device,Millimetre...........................283Example2:EXCELLONDevice,OutputwithLeadingZeros.....284

UnitsintheApertureandDrillTable.........................................2849.9GerberFilesforPhotoplotterswithFixedApertureWheels.......285

DefiningtheApertureTable(Wheel).........................................285ApertureEmulation....................................................................286

Chapter10Appendix...................................................................................287

10.1LayersandtheirUsage.............................................................287InLayoutandPackageEditor.....................................................287InSchematic,Symbol,andDeviceEditor...................................288

10.2EAGLEFiles..............................................................................28810.3EAGLEOptionsataGlance......................................................28910.4ConfigurationoftheTextMenu...............................................29310.5TextVariables...........................................................................29410.6OptionsforExpertsineaglerc..................................................294

ChangeComponentValueWarning........................................294ConsistencyCheck....................................................................294DeleteWireJoints....................................................................295DeviceNameasValueforallComponents...............................295DisableCtrlforRadiusMode...................................................295GroupSelection.......................................................................295OpenProject............................................................................295PanningDrawingWindow.......................................................295UnitsinDialogs........................................................................296

10.7ErrorMessage...........................................................................296WhenLoadingaFile...................................................................296Restringsmallerthaninolderversion.....................................296Libraryobjectswiththesamenames.......................................297Pad,ViaReplacedwithaHole.................................................297

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Skippedunsuitableobjects.......................................................299Can'tUpdateFile......................................................................299

InaLibrary.................................................................................300Package/Symbolisinuse.........................................................300

IntheCAMProcessor.................................................................300Polygonmaycauseextremelylargeplotdata..........................300

IntheLightorStandardEdition.................................................301Can'tperformtherequestedaction..........................................301

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Chapter1IntroductionThismanualdescribestheuseoftheEAGLEsoftwareanditsbasicprinciples.Theorderofchaptersfollowsthetypicalprocessfromdrawingaschematictoareadytouselayout.

1.1 WhatisinthisManual?Achapter'smainheadingisintendedtotellyoubrieflywhatthecontentsofthatchapterare.Hereinthefirstchapterwewanttogiveaquickoverviewwhatyoucanexpectfromthismanual.

Chapter1IntroductionContainsapreviewofthemanual.

Chapter2InstallationDealswiththeprogram'sinstallation.

Chapter3EAGLEModulesandEditionsExplainsthevariousprogramvariants.

Chapter4AFirstLookatEAGLEGivesapreviewoftheprogram'sstructureanddescribestheeditorwindowsandtheircommands.

Chapter5PrinciplesforWorkingwithEAGLEExaminesthebasicwaysofusingandconfiguringEAGLE.

Chapter6FromSchematictoFinishedLayoutFollowstheroutefromschematictolayout.

Chapter7TheAutorouterDedicatedtotheAutoroutermoduleanditsconfiguration.

Chapter8ComponentDesignExplainedthroughExamplesExplainsthedefinitionoflibrarycomponentsthroughexamplesandinformsaboutlibraryandcomponentmanagement.

Chapter9PreparingtheManufacturingDataEverythingyouneedtoknowaboutgeneratingmanufacturingdata.

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1 Introduction

AppendixListsusefuladditionalinformationandexplainssomeerrormessagesEAGLEpromptsincertainsituations.

Foraquick,handsonintroduction,refertotheEAGLETutorial.Pleasereadthetutorialforabetterunderstandingbeforeworkingwiththemanual.

AnybodywhohasalreadybeenworkingwithapriorversionofEAGLEisadvisedtoreadthefileUPDATEunderLinuxandMacorUPDATE.TXTunderWindows.Itcontainsadescriptionofallthedifferencesfromearlierversions.Thisfileislocatedintheeagle/docdirectory.PleasereaditbeforeyoustartworkingwiththenewEAGLE.

InformationthatwasnotavailableorthathasbeenchangedsinceprintingthismanualisalsodescribedinUPDATEorUPDATE.TXT,or,ifexisting,inaREADMEfile.

Detailedinformation,especiallyabouttheEAGLEcommandlanguageandtheEAGLEUserLanguage,isavailableonthehelppages.Youcanreachabasicunderstanding very quickly by using this manual, and you can use theconvenientsearchfeaturesofthehelpfunctiontoquicklylocatetheanswerstoparticularquestions.

1.2 TechnicalTermsInthismanual,inthehelpfunction,andinEAGLEitselfwefrequentlyusesometechnicaltermsthatshouldbeexplainedhereinafewwords.

Airwire:Unroutedconnectiononaboard,displayedintheunroutedlayer(=rubberband).

AnnulusSymbol:Anisolationringthatwillbedrawninasupplylayerorinacopperfilledarea.

BlindVia:Aplatedthroughholeforchangingthelayerofatrackwhichhasnotbeendrilledthroughalllayersintheproductionprocessofamultilayerboard.

BuriedVia:Aplatedtroughhole,whichhasbeendrilledthroughthecurrentlayerstackintheproductionprocesslikeanormal(through)via,butdoesnotconnectalllayersofthewholeboard.

Core:Twocopperlayersappliedtoasolidsubstrate.

DesignRuleCheck(DRC):EAGLEcanidentifytheviolationofcertainDesignRules(e.g.iftwodifferenttracksoverlaporaretooclose)withtheDRC.

22

1.2 Technical Terms

Device:Afullydefinedelementinalibrary.ConsistsofatleastonePackageandoneSymbol.

DeviceSet:ConsistsofDevicesthatusethesameSymbolsfortheSchematicbuthavedifferentPackagevariantsortechnologies.

Drill:Platedthroughdrillinginthelayout(inpadsandvias)

ElectricalRuleCheck(ERC):EAGLEcanidentifytheviolationofcertainelectricalrules(e.g.iftwooutputsareconnected)withtheERC.Italsocheckstheconsistencyoftheschematicandthelayout.

Forward&BackAnnotation:Transformsalltheactionsonemakesinaschematiconlineintothelayout(andwithlimitationsfromlayoutintoschematic).Bothfilesareconsistentallthetime.

Gate:ThetermGateisusedinthismanualforapartofacomponentwhichcanbeindividually placed on a schematic. This can be one Gate of a TTLcomponent, one contact pair in a relay, or an individual resistor fromaresistorarray.

Hole:Nonplatedthroughdrillinginthelayout(e.g.amountinghole).

LayerStack:Currentnumberandorderofcopperandisolationlayerswhichareusedtobuildupaprintedcircuitboard.

Microvia:Aplatedthroughhole(likeBlindvia)witharelativelysmalldrilldiameterwhichconnectsanouterlayerwiththenextreachableinnerlayer.

Net:Electricalconnectioninaschematic.

Package:Componentfootprintstoredinalibrary.

Pad:ThroughholepadassociatedwithaPackage.

Pin:ConnectionpointonaSchematicSymbol.

Prepreg:Usedinacompoundofinnerandouterlayersformultilayerboards.

Rack:Configurationtableforadrillingmachine.Neededforgeneratingdrilldata.

23

1 Introduction

Ratsnest:Commandforcalculatingtheshortestairwiresandforhidingordisplayingcertainairwiresforabetteroverview.

Restring:Pronunciation:restring.Settingthatdeterminesthewidthofthecopperringaroundaplatedthroughholeofapadorvia.

Signal:Electricalconnectioninaboard.

SupplySymbol:Representsasupplysignalintheschematic.CausestheERCtorunspecialchecks.

Symbol:Schematicrepresentationofacomponent,storedinaLibrary.

UserLanguage:Freelyprogrammable,Clikelanguagefordataimportandexport.

Via:Platedthroughholeforchangingthe layerofatrack. SeealsoMicrovia,Blindvia,andBuriedvia.

Wheel:Aperture configuration file. Generated with Gerber data for boardmanufacturing.

Wire:Electricalconnectioninaboard,ora line(since linesaredrawnwiththeWIREcommand).

24

Chapter2Installation

2.1 WhatYouHaveReceivedTheEAGLEpack, withthe licenseagreement ontheoutside, containstheEAGLECDROM,theUserLicenseCertificatewiththepersonalinstallationcode,atrainingmanualandthisreferencemanual.

Itmaybethatnotalloftheseitemsareincludedifyouhaveaskedforanupgrade for an existing current installation or for an extension of yourlicense.Inallcases,however,thereisanewLicenseCertificateandadatamediumwiththelicensefilelicense.keyincludedasaminimum.

Ifyourcomputerisnotequippedwithanappropriatedrive,youmaycopythefilelicense.keytoanothermediumor,ifavailable,makeitaccessiblethroughanetworkcomputer.

KeeptheUserLicenseCertificatewithyourpersonalinstallationcodeinasafeplace, inaccessibletounauthorizedpersons!Nevergivethelicense fileorinstallationcodetoothers!NeversendyourinstallationcodebyemailtoCadSoftortoanyoneelse.Youneedthelicensecertificatecardasevidenceofyourentitlementto futureupgradesorupdates.

2.2 NewInstallationsTheEAGLECDROMinstallationincludesfilesthatallowoperationwithallavailableOperatingSystemsandyourpersonallicensedata.TheinstallationroutinedetermineswhichfilestoloadrespectiveoftheOS'slanguageusedwhetherEAGLEisinstalledinEnglishorinGermanlanguage.

AnyrecentoradditionalinformationaboutthenewinstallationmaybefoundintheREADMEfilesintherelevantdirectoriesontheCDROM.

WindowsEAGLEforWindowsisavailableasaselfextractingfileonCDROMorfromtheDownloadareaofCadSoft'swebsite.

25

2 Installation

CDROM:PlacetheCDROMinthedrive.Afterashortdelaythesetuproutineshouldbegin.Ifthisdoesnothappen,doubleclickontotheCDROMsymbolintheMyComputerfolderontheWindowsdesktop.

Downloadversion:IfyouhavedownloadedtheEAGLEarchivefromourwebserver,youwillseeanicon,namedeaglewin5.0.0.exe,dependingonwhereyoudownloadeditto; probably your desktop. Doubleclick this icon and the WinZip SelfExtractorwindowwillappear.Theinstallationroutinestartswithextractingthefilesfromthearchive.ClicktheSetupbuttontobegin.

Theversionnumberinthefilenamemay,dependingonthecurrentversion,differ.

Now theactual installation process starts. Followthe instructions step bystep:ConfirmtheEAGLESoftwareLicenseAgreementbyclickingYes,ifyouagreewithit.Ifnot,youcanaborttheinstallationbyclickingtheNobutton.ThenextstepsetsuptheEAGLEinstallationdirectory.ByclickingNextyouacceptthesuggesteddirectory.ClicktheBrowsebuttonandyoumaychooseanyotherlocationfortheEAGLEdirectory.AfterconfirmingtheinstallationpaththefilesarecopiedintotheEAGLEdirectory.

Attheendof the installationyouwill beaskedhowyouwant to licenseEAGLE:

UseLicensediskThisimpliesthatyouhavealreadyboughtanEAGLElicense.Inthiscasethefollowingdialogasksyouforthepathtoyourlicensefile(probablyonCDROM)andforyourpersonalinstallationcodewhichcanbefoundonyourLicenseCertificate.

RunasFreewareThismeansthatEAGLEwillbelicensedaslimitedLightEditionfortesting,fornoncommercial useorforthepurposeofgeneratingmanufacturingdata.Thisversionislimitedinitsuse.

Don'tlicensenowpostponesthelicensingonthefirstEAGLEstart.

TheWindows Start menunowcontains in the Programs section thenewentryEAGLELayoutEditor5.0.0.

Tutorialandmanualinpdffileformatarealsopartoftheinstallation.

UninstallingEAGLEcanbedonebyusualmeansofyouroperatingsystemusingWindowsuninstalltools.

26

2.2 New Installations

LinuxEAGLEforLinuxisavailableasselfextractingshellscriptwithsetupdialogonCDROMorfromtheDownloadareaofCadSoft'swebsite.YoumayinstalltheprogramasRoot/AdministratororasanormalUser.

Initiatetheinstallationprocessinafilemanagerwithadoubleclickontheshellscriptfile eaglelin5.0.0.runwhichislocatedinthe LinuxdirectoryoftheEAGLECDROM.InthecaseyoudownloadedthefilefromtheInternetthisfilemaybelocatedinanyotherdirectory.

Pleasecheck,ifthefileismarkedasexecutableafterdownloadingit.Ifthisisnotthecase,youcould,forexample,usethechmodcommandintheconsoletochangeitsattributes.Youcanstarttheshellscriptformtheconsole,aswell,bytyping:

/path_to_file/eagle-lin-5.0.0.runTheversionnumberinthefilenamemaydiffer,dependingonthecurrentlyavailableEAGLEversion.

Theinstallationroutinestartswithextractingthefilesfromthearchive.

Thentheactual installationprocessstarts. Followthe instructions stepbystep:ConfirmtheEAGLESoftwareLicenseAgreementbyclickingYes,ifyouagreewithit.Ifnot,youcanaborttheinstallationbyclickingtheNobutton.ThenextstepsetsuptheEAGLEinstallationdirectory.ByclickingNextyouacceptthesuggesteddirectory.ClicktheBrowsebuttonandyoumaychooseanyotherlocationfortheEAGLEdirectory.AfterconfirmingtheinstallationpaththefilesarecopiedintotheEAGLEdirectory.

AttheendyouwillbeaskedhowyouwanttolicenseEAGLE:


RunasFreewareThismeansthatEAGLEwillbelicensedaslimitedLightEditionfortesting,fornoncommercialuseor forthepurposeof generatingmanufacturingdata.

Don'tlicensenowpostponesthelicensingonthefirstEAGLEstart.

TostartEAGLE,executebin/eagleintheinstallationdirectory.

TutorialandmanualinPDFfileformatarealsopartoftheinstallation.TheycanbefoundinthedocdirectoryoftheEAGLEinstallation.

DeletetheentireEAGLEdirectory,ifyouwanttouninstallEAGLE.

27

2 Installation

MacOSXEAGLEforMacOSXisavailableasUniversalBinaryandworksonPowerPCandonIntelbasedcomputers.TheinstallationarchiveiseitheronCDROM,orisstoredanywhereonyourcomputer,ifyoudownloadeditfromCadSoft'swebsite.

CDROM:PlacetheCDROMinthedrive.Afterashortdelaythe Finder shouldshowyou the content of the CDROM.Change into the MacOSXdirectory anddoubleclick the installation archive named eagle5.0.0.pkg. The versionnumberinthefilenamemaydiffer,dependingonthecurrentEAGLEversion.

Downloadversion:Ifyouhavedownloadedthefilefromourwebserver,youwillseeaniconthatrepresentstheEAGLEarchivenamedeaglemac5.0.0.zip,dependingonwhereyoudownloadeditto;probablyonyourdesktop.Doubleclickthisiconandthearchivewill beextractedautomatically.Anewfolder iconnamedeaglemac5.0.0.pkgwillappearontheDesktopnow.Clickitwiththemouseandtheinstallationroutinestarts.Theversionnumberinthefilenamemaydiffer,dependingonthecurrentEAGLEversion.

Now theactual installation process starts. Followthe instructions step bystep:

ConfirmtheEAGLESoftwareLicenseAgreementbyclickingContinue,ifyouagreewithit.Ifnot,youcanaborttheinstallationbyclickingthe Gobackbutton.ThenextstepsetsuptheEAGLEdestinationfolderandpossiblyadestinationvolume.Byclicking Continue youacceptthesuggesteddirectory.ClicktheChoosebuttonandyoumayselectanyotherlocationfortheEAGLEfolder.After confirmingthe installationpath thefiles arecopied into theEAGLEfolder.

After finishingthe installationyouareabletostartEAGLEbyclickingtheEAGLEiconintheFinder'sApplications/EAGLEentry.

WhilestartingEAGLEforthefirst time,youwill beaskedhowtolicenseEAGLE:


RunasFreewareThismeansthatEAGLEwillbelicensedaslimitedLightEditionfortesting,fornoncommercial useorforthepurposeofgeneratingmanufacturingdata.

28

2.2 New Installations

TutorialandmanualinpdffileformatarealsopartoftheinstallationandarelocatedinthedocfolderoftheEAGLEinstallation.

Deletethe Applications/EAGLE entryinthe Finder,ifyouwanttouninstallEAGLE.

2.3 UpdatinganOlderVersionForreasonsofsafetyitisgoodpracticetocreateabackupofyourpreviousdatabeforeproceeding!

Please read the file update.txt in the EAGLE/doc directory, in order tofamiliarize yourself with the changes in the newversion of theprogram.AdditionalnotesoninstallinganupdatemaybefoundinthelatestREADMEfiles.

You should follow the same procedure described in the section on NewInstallationsonpage25.ThenewEAGLEreleasewillbeinstalledintoanewfolderwithitssubfoldersforLibraries,Scriptfiles,UserLanguageProgramsandsoon.

AfterstartingEAGLEforthefirsttime,pleasecheckthepathsettingsintheControlPanel'sOptions/Directories..menu.ThepathsettingsaretakenfromtheEAGLEconfigurationfileeaglerc(.usr),ifexisting, froma previous EAGLE version installed. Modify the settings ifnecessary.Thevariable$EAGLEDIRstandsforthecurrentEAGLEinstallationdirectory.

NotesonLibraryFilesAllfilesfrompreviousversionscanbeusedwiththenewEAGLEversion.Please check which library files are in use, and available for the ADDcommand.TomakesurethatyouareworkingwiththoseofthenewEAGLEversionyoushould,forexampleintheSchematicEditor,typethefollowingcommandinthecommandline

USE -*Thisremovesalllibrariesfromthebuffer.Thentype

USE *toloadalllibrariesofthecurrentlygivendirectoryorotherdirectories.Theinformationaboutlibraries inuse isstoredinthe eagle.epf fileof thecurrentlyactiveproject.

IfyouhaveaddednewDevicestoexistinglibraries,youshouldrenameandcopytheselibrariestoaseparatefoldertoavoidoverwriting,muddlingupfileswithnewerorolderones,andintheworstcaseloosingyourworkpriortoupdating.ThissameruleholdstrueforULPsandScriptfilesaswell.

29

2 Installation

InCaseofChangesintheFileDataStructureIncaseofanupdatewhereitwasnecessarytochangethefiledatastructure,itmaybewisetosaveyourownlibraryfilesfromtheearlierversioninthenew EAGLE. Expanding the tree view's library preview or showing alllibrariesbythefirstADDcommandcauseadditionaltimeinscreenupdateviewing,dependingonyourcomputerspeed.EAGLEhastoupdatethefilestemporarilytothenewfileformatbeforeshowingthelibraries'contents.

Incaseyouhavealotoffiles,thereisaquickandcomfortablewaytosolvethisissue.Youneedtwotoolstoachievethis:TheUserLanguageProgram runloopalllbrscript.ulpandaScriptfilethatcontainsoneline:

WRITE;EditoneofthelibraryfilesthatshallbeupdatedandstarttheULP.YouwillbeaskedfortheScriptfiletobeexecuted,thenalllibrarieswhichareinthesamedirectorywillbeupdated.

Filesfromearlierversionscanbeuseddirectlywiththecurrentone.IncasethefilesweremadewithaversionpriortoEAGLE2.60youhaveto convertthemwithaprogramnamedUpdate26.exe.Detailedinformation aboutthiscanbefoundonpage301.

2.4 ChangingorExtendingtheLicenseIf you are changing your license you will receive a new User License Certificate with a new installation code together with a data mediumcontainingthenewlicensefile.

RunEAGLE,andselect the item Product Registration in theControlPanelundertheHelpmenu.Youwillnowbeaskedforthepathtothelicense.keyfile. Choose itandthentype inthesecondlineyourpersonal installationcode.ThenclickOK.

30

TheLicenseDialog

2.4 Changing or Extending the License

Theprogramhasnowbeenrelicensed.Youcancallupthelicensedataatany time in the EAGLE Control Panel by means of the Help/Product Informationmenu.

ThismethodalsoallowsyoutoupgradeanalreadyinstalledFreewarewithaProfessionalEdition,forexample.

2.5 MultipleUserLicensesMultipleuserlicensesmaybeinstalledseparatelyondifferentcomputers,ormaybeusedinanetworkwithinthescopeofthelicenseconditions.Theinstallationprocedureinanetworkisgenerallythesameasthatonastandalone computer, and is described in the section on New Installations onpage25.

NotesforInstallinginaNetworkTheuserrightsofmultipleuserlicensesdifferfromthoseofthesingleuserversion.Thesoftwareitselfdoesnotcontainanyspecialnetworkmechanism,andcanthereforebeusedonmostnetworks.

Atypicalinstallationmaybeperformedasthefollowing:

TheEAGLEprogramisinstalledonaserver.

Library,design,ULP,projectandotherdirectoriescanbefreelychosen.

After installation, EAGLE is started and licensed from one of theworkstations.ThisrequireswriteaccessinthesubdirectorybinoftheEAGLEdirectory. The license file eagle.key that has been created is not changedagainaftertheinstallation.Writeaccessisnolongerrequired.

EAGLEcannowbecalledfromalltheotherworkstations.PleaseensurethatalltheworkstationscallEAGLEinthesamewayaswasusedwhenlicensing.

Aprivateworkingdirectory(localoronthenetwork)cannowbesetupforeachcomputer.Auserspecificconfigurationfile(eaglerc.usrunderWindows,or .eaglerc underLinuxorMacOSX)is locatedinthisdirectory. Furthersubdirectoriescanthen,forinstance,containindividualprojects.

Alternatively it is possible for each computer on which EAGLE is to beavailabletohaveaseparatelicense.Inthiscase,copytheeagle.keyfilethatwascreatedintheEAGLEprogramdirectory(eagle/bin)intothecomputer'sprivate working directory. When first starting the program, enter theinstallationcodeandthepathtothelicensefilelicense.key.Thisprocedureisrecommended,forinstance,formultipleuserlicensesfor3to5userswhowillonlyworkatspecificcomputers.

Innetwork situations it issuggestedthatallusers accessonelocationforLibrary,ULP,Script,etc.Thisshouldbeasinglenetworklocationfolder.ThisprecautionisrecommendedbecauseanycustomDevice,ULP,Scriptcreatedbyoneusercannowbeutilizedbytheentireteam.

31

2 Installation

SpecialInstructionsUnderWindows

PathInformationIt hasbeenfoundtobehelpful tousetheserver namesin UNCnotationwhengivingthepathforcallingEAGLE,rather thanthedriveletters. Forexample:

\\netservername\eagle\bin\eagle.exe

DifferentOperatingSystemsattheWorkingComputersIfnetworkcomputershavingdifferentWindowssystemsareinuse,itisfirstnecessarytoperformaninstallationasdescribedabove.

Thefollowingsituationcanarise:Allthecomputersthatareusing,forinstance,WindowsXPcanrunEAGLE.Computers with Windows 2000, however, cannot. In order to beable tooperate the computers running Windows 2000 as well, copy the fileseagle.exeandeagle.key,locatedintheeagle\bindirectoryontheserver,to,forinstance, eaglexp.exe and eaglexp.key.NowstartallthecomputersthatrunWindowsXP,usingthecommand

EAGLEXPThenstartEAGLEfromacomputerwithWindows2000,andlicenseitagainwiththeinstallationcodeandthelicenseCDROM.Theeagle.keyfileisthenvalidforalltheWindows2000computers.Theprogramisrunwith

EAGLEYou need write authorization for the eagle\bin directory to perform thecopyingandlicensing!

32

Chapter3EAGLEModulesandEditions

3.1 EAGLEModulesAnumberofEAGLEeditionsareoffered.YoucanaddanAutorouterModuleand/oraSchematicEditortotheLayoutEditor.AstandaloneSchematicEditorcanbeusedfordrawingwiringdiagrams.Inthiscaseyouwon'tneedtheLayoutEditor.Theuserinterfaceisidenticalforallpartsoftheprogram.

TheLayoutEditorTheLayoutEditor,whichallowsyoutodesignPrintedCircuitBoards(PCBs)comeswiththeLibraryEditor, theComputer AidedManufacturing(CAM)Processor, and the Text Editor. With the Library Editor you can alreadydesignPackages (footprints), Symbols andDevices (for a schematic). TheCAMProcessor is the program which generates the output data for theproductionofthePCB(e.g.Gerberordrillfiles).ItisalsopossibletouseUserLanguageprogramsandScriptfiles.

SchematicEditorThe Schematic Editor without Layout Editor is applicable for drawingelectrical wiring diagrams (connection scheme, contact plans...). TheSchematicEditorcomes,aswellastheLayoutEditor,withthefullLibraryEditorfordesigningSymbolsfortheSchematicandPackagesfortheLayout,withtheCAMProcessor,andtheTextEditor.YoucanalsouseUserLanguageprogramsandScriptfiles.

IfyouwanttodrawSchematicdiagramsforelectronicsystemsyoushouldhaveSchematicandLayout Editor. Youcangeneratetheassociatedcircuitboardatanytimewithamouseclick.EAGLEthenchangestotheLayoutEditor,wherethepackagesareplacednexttoanemptyboardconnectedviaairwires(rubberbands).FromhereyoucangoondesigningwiththeLayoutEditorasusual.SchematicandlayoutareautomaticallykeptconsistentbyEAGLE (Forward&Back Annotation). Schematic diagrams can consist of amaximum of 999 sheets in the Professional Edition (99 sheets in the

33

3 EAGLE Modules and Editions

Standard Edition). On the left side of the Schematic Editor window thepreviewofthesheetsisdisplayed.

AutorouterYoucanroutetheairwiresautomaticallyifyouowntheAutoroutermodule.Youcan choose single nets, groups of nets or all nets for the automaticrouting pass. The program will handle various network classes havingdifferenttrackwidthsandminimumclearances.

3.2 DifferentEditionsEAGLEoffers various performance/price categories (editions) called Light,Standard,and Professional.ThefacilitiesmentionedinthismanualalwaysrefertotheProfessionaledition.

ProfessionalEdition

General maximumdrawingarea64x64inches resolution1/10,000mm(0.1microns) mmorinchgrid upto255drawinglayers command(Script)files ClikeUserLanguagefordataexportandimportandthe

realizationofselfdefinedcommands

easylibraryediting compositionofselfdefinedlibrarieswithalreadyexisting

elementsbyDrag&Drop

easygenerationofnewPackagevariantsfromotherlibrariesbyDrag&Drop

freerotationofpackagevariants(0.1degreesteps) librarybrowserandpowerfulcomponentsearchfunction technologysupport(e.g.74L00,74LS00..) Easydefinitionoflabelleddrawingframes freedefinableattributes,applicableforDevicesintheLibrary

andinSchematicorLayout

integratedPDFdataexportfunction exportfunctionforgraphicfiles(BMP,TIF,PNG...) printoutsviatheOS'sprinterdriverswithprintpreview

partlistgenerationwithdatabasesupport(bom.ulp)

34

3.2 Different Editions

Drag&DropintheControlPanel contextmenuwithobjectspecificcommandsforallobjects,available

througharightmouseclick

propertiesofobjectscanbeaccessedandeditedviacontextmenu automaticbackupfunction

LayoutEditor fullSMDsupport supportofBlindandBuriedvias rotationofobjectsinarbitraryangles(0.1degreesteps) componentscanbelockedagainstmoving textscanbeplacedinanyorientation dynamiccalculationofsignallineswhileroutingthelayout trackscanbelayedoutwithroundedcornersinanyradius miteringtosmoothwirejoints DesignRuleCheckforboardlayouts(checkse.g.overlaps,

measuresofpadsortracks)

copperpouring(groundplains) Packagevariantssupport userdefinable,freeprogrammableUserLanguagetogeneratedatafor

mountingmachines,testequipments,millingmachinesoranyotherdataformat

outputofmanufacturingdataforpenplotters,photoplottersanddrillingmachineswiththeCAMProcessor

SchematicEditor upto999sheetsperschematic iconpreviewforsheets sortingschematicsheetsbyDrag&Drop crossreferencesfornets automaticgenerationofcontactcrossreferences simplecopyingofparts replacefunctionforpartswithoutlossofconsistencybetween

schematicandlayout

OnlineForward&BackAnnotationbetweenschematicandboard automaticboardgeneration automaticgenerationofsupplysignals ElectricalRuleCheck(errorcheckintheSchematicandconsistency

checkbetweenSchematicandLayout)

35

3 EAGLE Modules and Editions

AutorouterModule fullyintegratedintobasicprogram usesthesetofDesignRulesyoudefinedforthelayout changebetweenmanualandautomaticroutingatanytime ripup&retryalgorithm userdefinablestrategy(bycostfactors) routinggriddownto0.8mil(0.02mm) noplacementrestrictions upto16signallayers(withuserdefinablepreferreddirections) upto14supplylayers fullsupportofBlindandBuriedvias takesintoconsiderationvariousnetclasses

StandardEditionComparedtotheProfessionalEditionthefollowingrestrictionsapplytotheStandardEditionintheLayoutEditor:

Thelayoutareaisrestrictedtoamaximumof160x100mm(about6.3x3.9inches).OutsidethisareaitisnotpossibletoplacePackagesanddrawsignals.

Amaximumnumberof4signallayersareallowed(top,bottom,and2innerlayer).

Aschematiccanconsistofamaximumof99sheets.

LightEditionThefollowingrestrictionsapplytotheEAGLELightVersion,whichisavailableasFreeware(fortestingandevaluation):

Theboardareaisrestrictedto100x80mm(about3.9x3.2inches).OutsidethisareaitisnotpossibletoplacePackagesanddrawsignals.

Onlytwosignallayerscanbeused(noinnerlayers). Aschematiccanconsistofonlyonesinglesheet.

Largerlayoutsandschematicscanbeprintedwiththesmallereditions.TheCAMprocessorcangeneratemanufacturingdataaswell.

36

Chapter4AFirstLookatEAGLE

4.1 TheControlPanelThe Control Panel normally appears after starting EAGLE, and this is theprogram'scontrolcenter.AllthefilesspecifictoEAGLEaremanagedhere,and some basic settings can be made. It is similar to the familiar filemanagersusedbyawidevarietyofapplicationsandoperatingsystems.EachEAGLEfileisdisplayedinthetreeviewbymeansofasmallsymbol.

Acontextmenuisopenedbyclickingwiththemouseonanentryinthetreeview. Thisallowsyou,dependingon theobject, tocarry outavariety ofactions(rename,copy,print,open,createnewetc.).

The Control Panel supports Drag&Drop. This can also be done betweendifferentprograms.Youcan,forinstance,copyfiles,movethem,orcreatelinksonthedesktop.UserLanguageprogramsorscriptfilesthatarepulledwiththeaidofthemouseoutoftheControlPanelandintoaneditorwindoware started automatically. If, for instance, youpull a board file with themouseintotheLayoutEditor,thefileisopened.

Thetreestructureprovidesaquickoverviewofthelibraries,DesignRules,UserLanguageprograms,scriptfiles,CAMjobsandprojects.Speciallibraries,text,manufacturinganddocumentationfilescanbelongtoaprojectaswellasschematicdiagramsandlayouts.

Thefirsttimeitiscalled,theControlPanelwillappearverymuchasshowninthefollowingdiagram.Ifanobjectisselectedinthetreeview, furtherrelevantinformationisdisplayedintherighthandpartofthewindow.

SimplyclickontovariousfoldersandfilesinordertoexperimentwiththeControlPanel'sfacilities.

37

4 A First Look at EAGLE

LibrarySummaryThe possibility of displaying the contents of the libraries is particularlyinteresting.ItprovidesaveryrapidoverviewoftheavailableDevices.

Expandthe Libraries entry, andyoucanseetheavailablelibraries. IntheDescriptionfieldyoucanseeabriefdescriptionofthecontents.Ifalibraryisselected,youwill seemoreextensive informationaboutthe library intherighthandpartoftheControlPanel.Ifyouthenexpandalibraryentrynow,the contents will be displayed together with a short description of eachelement.DevicesandPackagesaremarkedwithasmallicon.

Nowselect,forexample,aDevice:ThedescriptionoftheDeviceandagraphicalrepresentationofitappearontheright. TheavailablePackageandtechnologyvariantsarelisted. IfyouclickontooneofthePackageversions,thePackagepreviewshownabovewillchange.

IfaSchematicEditorwindowisopen,theentryADDwillbeshownrightofthevariantname.ClickitandtheDeviceisattachedtothemousecursorassoonasitisovertheSchematicEditorwindow.Nowyoucandropitintheschematic.

If you are only working with the Layout Editor, this will of course alsooperatewithPackages.Itis,additionally,possibletodragaDevicefromthetree view into a schematic diagram and to place it there by means of

38

ControlPanel:Ontheright,thedescriptionoftheRCLlibrary

4.1 The Control Panel

Drag&Drop.IfithasmorethanonePackageversion,theADDdialogopensautomatically,sothatthedesiredPackagecanbeselected.

Thegreenmarkerbehindthelibraryentryindicatesthatthislibraryisinuse.Thismeansthatitcanbeusedinthecurrentproject.DevicesinthislibrarywillbeexaminedbythesearchfunctionintheADDdialogoftheschematicdiagramorof the layout. This makes themavailable for theproject. Thelibrarywillnotbeexaminedifthemarkingisgray.

IfstartingEAGLEwithoutaproject(noeagle.epffileisread,theprojecthasbeenclosedbeforeexitingEAGLElasttime)andcreatinganewproject( File/New/Project) all libraries will be in use automatically. However,openinganalreadyexistingproject,whereonlycertainlibrariesare inusebeforecreatingthenewproject,willadoptthisselection.

IftheLibraryEditorwindowisopenyoucanDrag&DropacompleteDevicesetorPackagedefinitionfromtheControlPanelintothelibrarywindow.Thiswayyoucancopyitfromonelibraryintoanother.

ControlPanel:LibrarysummarywithDeviceview

DesignRulesSpecialDesignRulescanbespecifiedinEAGLEtogoverntheboarddesign.Thesecanbesavedasdatasetsinspecialfiles(*.dru).

39


Theparameterset that is togovernthecurrentproject isspecifiedintheDesignRules branchofthetreeview.IfnodatahasbeenprovidedfortheDesign Rules (DRCcommand),EAGLEwill itself provideparameters. Themarkingtotherightofthefileentryspecifiesthedefaultparametersetforthecurrentproject.Thelayoutwill becheckedbytheDRCinaccordancewiththesecriteria.FurtherinformationabouttheDRCandtheDesignRulesisfoundstartingonpage128.

UserLanguagePrograms,Scripts,CAMJobsTheseentries showthe contents of the ulp, scr and cam directories. TheycontainvariousUserLanguageprograms(*.ulp),scriptfiles(*.scr)andCAMjobs(*.cam)fortheoutputofdatausingtheCAMProcessor.IfoneofthesefilesisselectedintheControlPanel,youwillseeafulldescriptionofthefile.

The paths can be set by means of the Options/Directories menu. This isdiscussedinmoredetaillaterinthischapter.

ProjectsThevariousprojectsare managedfromtheControlPanel.AclickontotheProjects entrydisplaysvariousfolders.ThesearelocatedunderthepathsetunderOptions/Directories/Projects.Itisallowedtodefinemorethanonepaththere.

Aprojectusuallyconsistsofafolderwhichrepresentstheprojectbyitsnameandtheproject'sconfigurationfile eagle.epf.Thefolderusuallycontainsallfiles that belong to your project, for example, schematic and board file,speciallibraryfiles,scriptfilesandsoon.

Projectdirectoriesthatcontaintheprojectfileeagle.epfwillbemarkedwitharedfoldericon.'Normal'folderswillbemarkedwithayellowicon.

TheprojecttobeeditedisselectedintheProjectsbranch.Ontherightoftheproject'snameyouwillfindamarkerwhichiseithergrayorgreen.Withthehelpof this marker one canopenor closeprojects. Clicking ontoagraymarker,loadstheproject.Themarkerappearsgreennow.Clickingontothegreenmarkeragainorclickingontoanothergraymarkerclosesthecurrentprojectrespectivelyopensanotherprojectafterclosingthecurrentone.Thiswayonecanswitcheasilyfromoneprojecttoanother.

WhileclosingaprojectthesettingsofthecurrentlyopenedEditorwindowswill bestoredinthecorrespondingprojectfile eagle.epf,providedthattheoptionAutomaticallysaveprojectfileissetintheOptions/Backupmenu.

IftheprojectfilewasgeneratedbyanotherEAGLEversionthancurrentlyused,youwillbeasked,ifitisallowedtooverwritethefile.

Newprojectsare createdbyclickingtherightmousebuttonontoafolderentry in this branch. A context menuopenswhichpermits newfiles anddirectoriestobecreatedandtheindividualprojectstobemanaged.

40

4.1 The Control Panel

SelectingtheoptionNew/Projectinvokesanewfolderwhichhastobegiventheproject'stitle.Theprojectfileeagle.epfwillbecreatedautomatically.

YoucanalsousetheFile/Open/ProjectortheFile/New/Projectmenutoopenorcreateanewproject.

Thecontext menucontainsthe Edit Description item.Adescriptionoftheprojectcanbeenteredhere,andthisisthendisplayedintheDescriptionbox.

MenuBarTheControlPanelallowsvariousactionstobeexecutedandsettingsmadethroughpulldownmenusthatareexplainedbelow.

FileMenuTheFilemenucontainsthefollowingitems:

NewCreatesanewlayout(board),schematic,library,CAMjob,ULP,scriptortextfile.TheProjectoptioncreatesanewproject.Thisinitiallyconsistssimplyofanewdirectoryinwhichthefilesforanewprojectarehandled.Thesewillconsist asarule of theschematicdiagramandlayout, possiblyof special

41

Contextmenuforprojectmanagement


libraries,scriptfiles,UserLanguageprograms,documentationfilesetc.andofthefileeagle.epf,inwhichprojectspecificsettingsarestored.

ThedefaultdirectoriesforthevariousfiletypesaredefinedintheOptions/Directoriesmenu.

CAMjobsaredefinitionsforgeneratingoutputdatawhicharecreatedwiththeCAMProcessor.

Script and ULP files are text files containing command sequences in theEAGLE command language or the EAGLE User Language. They can becreatedandeditedwiththeEAGLETextEditor,orwithanyothertexteditor.

OpenOpensanexistingfileofthetypesmentionedabove.

OpenrecentprojectsListsrecentlyusedprojects.

SaveallAllchangedfilesaresaved.Thecurrentsettingsfortheprojectaresavedinthefileeagle.epf.

Closep

Documents

EAGLE