Domain Walls, Charge and Dark Energy Jon Pearson Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics University of ManchesterJonathan Pearson Moriond - Cosmology March 2010 HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 1 Motivation Acceleration problem Dark energy requires w < -1/3 from something Domain walls have w dw = v 2 - 2/3 Frozen domain wall network as elastic dark energy Q: How to freeze? Mechanism to freeze network Symmetry currents Standard domain wall paradigm Domain walls form in early universe (Kibble mechanism) Scale out of comoving volume n 1/t - only length scale: horizon size HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 2 Z 2 Goldstone model ++ V( ) -- ++ -- x Kink solution Potential t = 80t = 160t = 320t = 640t = 1280 Random initial conditions n 1/t Scale out HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 3 Model has global symmetry Solution to equations of motion Current-carrying charged condensate living on looped kink solution Loops have specific properties (radius, charge, current) Kinky Vortons, Battye & Sutcliffe, 2008 Domain wall stabilized by symmetry currents 2D domain wall coupled to charge HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 4 Time Evolution results Random initial conditions homogeneous charge High charge freezes network HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 5 Evolution results Re( ) QQ Analyse loops |J| 2 Charge & current find walls Some loops have properties of kinky vortons HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 6 Evolution results HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 7 Evolution results Re( ) QQ Analyse loops |J| 2 Charge & current find walls Some loops have properties of kinky vortons HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 8 Charged cubic anisotropy model Model has broken symmetry Conserved symmetry currents Junctions Choose model parameters with phase separation in mind HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 9 No charge With charge Kinky vorton (from before) time Charged cubic anisotropy model HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 10 Increase Q (0) All at same timestep Charge & current find walls Prevent collapse Charged cubic anisotropy model HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK 11 Conclusions Dark energy description required Domain walls work if network freezes in Charge freezes walls in Elastic dark energy reinvigorated! Formation and evolution of kinky vortons JCAP09(2009)039 R.A.Battye, J.A.Pearson, P.M.Sutcliffe and S.Pike Charge, junctions and the scaling dynamics of domain wall networks R.A.Battye and J.A.Pearson [in prep] Domain Walls, Charge and Dark Energy Jon Pearson Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics University of ManchesterJonathan Pearson Moriond - Cosmology March 2010 HOW TO MAKE DOMAIN WALLS STICK Formation and evolution of kinky vortons JCAP09(2009)039 R.A.Battye, J.A.Pearson, P.M.Sutcliffe and S.Pike R.A.Battye, J.A.Pearson, P.M.Sutcliffe and S.Pike Charge, junctions and the scaling dynamics of domain wall networks R.A.Battye and J.A.Pearson [in prep] R.A.Battye and J.A.Pearson [in prep]