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Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
HUMANESEMINAR
Human Resources Management in European Universities
The recruitment procedures in Italy
University of TurinFriday 23rd to Saturday 24th March 2007
1
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
2
National figures
1998 2006 % increase
Full professors 12,684 18,647 47%
Associate professors 17,524 18,148 4%
Researchers 17,702 21,638 22%
Total 47,910 58,433 22%
Permanent Academic Staff
Number of staff:
Source: CNVSU – Seventh report on the state of the university system – October 2006
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
3
Average age - 2006
Full professors 58.7
Associate professors 52.1
Researchers 44.9
Average 51.5
32%27%-
10.00020.00030.00040.00050.00060.00070.000
Nu
mber
of
Academ
ic S
taff
1998 2006
Year
Analysis by gender
Women Men
28% 32%
National figures
With an overall increase, during this period of time, of 22% in the Academic Staff, the number of women has increased by over 40% against a 15% increase in the number of men.
Average age of Academic Staff:
Source: CNVSU – Seventh report on the state of the university system – October 2006
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
4
Age
National figures
Distribution by age of University Academic Staff in Italy
Nu
mb
er
of
Acad
em
ic S
taff
“Anomalous Wave”
“Stop and go” appointment policies
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
5
Full time Technical and Administrative Staff
Number of staff:
2000 2006 % Variation
Category B 14,105 7,845 - 44%
Category C 28,330 27,399 -3%
Category D 10,070 14,521 44%
Category EP 1,645 3,405 107%
Mangerial 132 209 58%
Total 54,282 53,379 -2%Hig
hest
sala
ry an
d
resp
on
sab
ilit
y
Trend in Technical and Administrative Staff
50.000
51.000
52.000
53.000
54.000
55.000
56.000
57.000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year
Nu
mb
ers
National figures
Source: CNVSU – Seventh report on the state of the university system – October 2006
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
6
Registered Students
The total number registered in Italian Universities, after a gradual increase resulting from the introduction of the “3+2” Reform (DM 509/99), has shown a tendency over the last few years to level out, as can be seen from the following figures.
Total number registered in I talian Universities
1.600.000
1.650.000
1.700.000
1.750.000
1.800.000
1.850.000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Year Registered
1998 1,676,702
1999 1,715,817
2000 1,663,960
2001 1,688,804
2002 1,722,457
2003 1,768,295
2004 1,814,048
2005 1,820,221
National figures
Source: Figures from CNVSU – Seventh report on the state of the university system – October 2006
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
7
YearNumbers of graduates &
diplomas
1998 140,122
1999 152,241
2000 161,484
2001 171,806
2002 201,118
2003 234,939
2004 268,821
2005 301,298
Total number of graduates and diplomas in I talian Universities
-
50.000
100.000
150.000
200.000
250.000
300.000
350.000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
National figures
Graduates
There is a constant increase in the number of graduates starting from the “3+2” Reform introduced by DM 509/99.
Source: Figures from CNVSU – Seventh report on the state of the university system – October 2006
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
Ratio of students/Academic Staff1
Registered students in Italian Universities = 30.5 permanent university Academic Staff
Registered students on schedule in Italian Universities = 17.3permanent university Academic Staff
Critical problem in the Italian University system: high number of students behind schedule.
“3+2” Reform (D.M. 509/99)
8
National figures
Reduced drop-out rate and behind schedule
Introduction of a time-lag between the two degree courses (three-year and specialist).
1 Data from 2001. Academic staff includes assistants.
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
9
The Italian recruitment system
(ACADEMIC STAFF)
(TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF)
D.Lgs. 29/1993D.Lgs. 165/2001
L. 230/2005
Art. 97 of the Constitution
“Jobs in public administration are obtained by way of public competition, with the exception of the cases established by law”
L. 168/1989
UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
10
Limits to autonomy
Expenditure controls
Fixed and compulsory expenditure for full time staff cannot exceed 90% of State transfers on the Ordinary Finance Fund (Art. 51 (4) of Law 449/97).
The Ministry has introduced a computerised procedure (PROPER) for monitoring programming and appointment of university staff.
Freezes by finance legislation
The finance laws from 2002 to 2004 provided for freezes in the appointment of technical administrative and teaching staff.
As a result, the Universities have had to resort to forms of “temporary” labour such as contractual collaborators, short-term services and professional services, six-month contracts, in order to fill gaps due to the impossibility of appointing permanent staff.
Even these forms of fixed term employment were nevertheless subject to limits and restrictions.
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
11
National procedures for technical suitability(Art. 1 of Law 4 November 2005 n. 230)
The recruitment system
SUITABILITY
Comparative evaluation procedure by universities (Art. 13 Legislative decree of 6 April 2006 n. 164)
WINNER
Permanent University Professor
RECRUITMENT OF TEACHING STAFF
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
13
The recruitment system
FURTHER FORMS OF ACADEMIC STAFF RECRUITMENT
Direct appointment of foreign or italian Scientists working abroad and Scientists of “clear fame” - Art. 1 (9) of Law of 4 November 2005 no. 230
Italian Universities are allowed to cover the posts as full and associate professor by directly appointing foreign or italian Scientists working abroad or covering the post as full professor by directly appointing Scientists of “clear fame”, subject to the prior approval of the Ministry.
Limits: maximum 10% of total full and associate professors.
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
14
The recruitment system
FURTHER FORMS OF ACADEMIC STAFF RECRUITMENT
Paid or unpaid teaching appointments - Art. 1 (10) of Law of 4 November 2005 no. 230
“On the basis of its own educational needs and according to the relative economic funds available […] the universities may offer paid or unpaid teaching appointments, also for more than one year, […] to Italians and non-Italians, […] and to those appointed within the university structures who have carried out sufficient and well documented research activity, on the basis of criteria and methods defined by decree of the Minister, in agreement with the CRUI (Conference of Rectors of Italian Universities) and the CUN (National University Council)”.
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
15
Decentralised procedures
(Law 3 July 1998 no. 210 - Presidential decree of 23 March 2000 no. 117)
WINNER
Permanent researcher
New competition procedures for appointed researchers will be established by the Minister in the near future.
The recruitment system
RECRUITMENT OF RESEARCHERS
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
16
Decentralised procedures
WINNER
Permanent appointment with individual employment contract
(Leg. decree 30 March 2001 no. 165)
Other specific aspects regulated by the National Joint Labour Contract (CCNL) 2002-2005 and by Supplementary Contracts with individual universities.
The recruitment system
RECRUITMENT OF TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
17
The recruitment system
RECRUITMENT OF TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF
• From decentralisation of the recruitment procedures to substantial university autonomy (Law of 11 May 1989 no. 168).
• Limits placed on autonomy: adoption of three year programmes of requirements for teaching staff, researchers and technical administrative staff on permanent and fixed-term contracts (art. 1 (105) of Law of 30 December 2004 no. 311 – Finance Law 2005)
• Appointment with individual employment contract (art. 2 & 35 of Leg. Decree 30 March 2001 no. 165).
• Separation between “political” and “administrative” management (art. 4 & 5 of Leg. Decree 30 March 2001 no. 165).
• More specific aspects regulated by the National Joint Labour Contract (CCNL) 2002-2005 and Supplementary Contracts with individual Universities.
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
18
APPENDIX
University of Turin:
figures and facts
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
19
Overall figures
Permanent Academic Staff
Number of staff:
Women Men Total
Full professors 156 568 724
Associate professors 253 386 639
Researchers 392 410 802
Total 801 1,364 2,165
Source: Datawarehouse – 31/12/2006
The number of permanent Academic Staff at the University of Turin represents 3.71% of the total number of Academic Staff in Italy.
The number of women represents 37% of the total teaching staff, compared with a national figure of 32%.
The average age of permanent Academic Staff at the University of Turin in 2006 is 50.7, compared with a national average of 51.3.
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
20
Total
Professors on contract 645
Researchers on collaboration contract 188
Scholarships given by Departments 225
Research appointments1 421
Total 1,479
Overall figures
Fixed-term Academic Staff
Number of non-structured staff occupied with education and research on fixed-term contracts:
Source: Human Resources Management Division (figures at 06/03/07)1 Research appointees in work at 19/03/07 (Source: Datawarehouse)
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
21
Overall figures
Trends in the three teaching categories from 1995 to 2005
PERCENTAGES OF THE 3 TEACHING CATEGORIES AT TURIN UNIVERSITY
YEAR FULL ASSOCIATE RESEARCHERS
YEAR 1995 28.50% 32.20% 37.90%
YEAR 2000 28.50% 27.50% 42.30%
YEAR 2005 33.25% 30.07% 36.67%
PERCENTAGES OF THE 3 TEACHING CATEGORIES AT TURIN UNIVERSITY
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
YEAR 1995
YEAR 2000
YEAR 2005
RESEARCHERSASSOCI ATEFULL
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
22
Permanent Technical Administrative Staff
Number of Technical Administrative Staff on permanent contract:
Women Men Total
Category B 53 40 93
Category C 512 310 822
Category D 402 213 615
Category EP 88 64 152
Managerial 5 6 11
Total 1,060 633 1,693
Overall figures
Source: Datawarehouse – 31/12/2006
The number of permanent Technical Administrative Staff at University of Turin represents 3.17% of the overall number of Technical Administrative Staff in Italy.
The number of women among Technical Administrative Staff in the University of Turin represents 63%, compared with a figure for teaching staff of 37%.
Hig
hest
sala
ry an
d
resp
on
sab
ilit
y
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
23
Overall figures
Fixed term Technical Administrative Staff
Number of Technical Administrative Staff on fixed term contracts:
Women Men Total
Category B 3 2 5
Category C 162 43 205
Category D 57 14 71
Category EP 7 2 9
Managerial 1 4 5
Total 230 65 295
Source: Datawarehouse – 31/12/2006
Hig
hest
sala
ry an
d
resp
on
sab
ilit
y
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
24
Overall figures
Financial figures
2006
Budget1: € 441,188,497.37
Total staff expenditure: € 212,549,703.00
Ordinary Financial Fund: € 244,156,115.00
Ratio staff expenditure / Ord. Fin. Fund: 87.05%
1 Assessments on accrual basis net of clearing entries
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
25
Details
Academic Staff
The University of Turin has set up a long-term plan for Academic Staff (2007-2012) to guarantee a progressive re-balance among the Faculties.
In this context the University is going to reduce the impact of the “mass” exodus of teaching staff, by a set of incentives for early retirement.
The recruitment policies for Academic Staff are mainly Faculty based.
Divisione Organizzazione e Finanza
Università degli Studi di Torino
26
UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC STAFF PLAN 2005 - 2012
EXPECTED RETIREMENTS(from 2005 to 2012)
All the resources that are freed by retirements expected from 01/11/2005 to 01/11/2012 are totalled and reallocated as follows:
85% Staff 15% Reserve and University staff fund
85% to Faculties 15% to readjustment
The resulting figure is returned to the Faculties in the proportion with which they compete to determine the 85% of the 85%.
Details