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divergence
• noun: a split in 2 directions– Verb: diverge– Adjective: divergent
• Sample sentences:– “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood.”
(Hint: Robert Frost poem – Two paths
diverged in a yellow wood...)
(Latin di = 2, vers = turn.)
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judicious
• adjective: wise, making good decisions– Adverb: judiciously
• Sample sentences:– He was known to be careful and judicious
in his choices.– She chose her friends judiciously, placing
her confidence in those who were reliable and discreet.
(Hint: Like a good judge. Or, Judge Judy.)
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languish
• Verb: To lose motivation or energy, become feeble
– Adjective: languid– Noun: languor
• Sample sentences:– For years he languished in a prison cell.
(Hint: Lacking a wish – a person who languishes loses his will to do things.)
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malice• Noun: ill will, the desire to cause harm
– Adjective: malicious– Adverb: malicously– Related words: malevolent, malign
• Sample sentences:– This was not an impulsive crime; he acted
with malice aforethought.– The malicious things they said on Facebook
led her to contemplate suicide.
(Hint: “mal” means bad.)
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entreaty
• noun: a plea or request– Verb: entreat
• Sample sentences– She begged for clemency, but her
entreaties were adamantly rejected.
(Hint: Entreat for entry to a concert.)
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somber
• Adjective: dark or gloomy
• Sample sentences:– The day after the accident, a somber mood
prevailed.
(Hint: Somber rhymes with bomber; when a bonmber explodes a bomb, darkness falls.)
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maraud• verb: to raid and plunder
– Noun: marauders– Adjective: marauding
• Sample sentences:– Anglo-Saxon villagers feared the Viking
marauders who swept down from the sea.
– Marauding rebels overran the countryside.
(Hint: Harry Potter had a “marauder's map”.)82
nostalgia• noun: sentimental longing for the past
– adjective: nostalgic
• Sample sentences:– Disney's “Main Street” capitalizes on
American nostalgia for a past that never really existed.
– Every time I hear a Beatles song, I get nostlagic for the 60s.
(Hint: Greek roots – nostos is home, algia is pain – so, homesickness.)
83
pretentious
• Adjective – self-important– Adverb: pretentiously
• Sample sentences:– He showed off his new-found wealth in a
pretentious McMansion.
(Hint – He pretends to be better than everyone else.)
84
volatile• adjective: explosive, unstable
– Noun: volatility
• Sample sentences:– Easily angered, he had a volatile temper.– As the police and protestors faced each
other, it was a volatile situation.– Be careful – that substance has high
volatility
85
permeate• verb: to spread throughout
– Adjective: permeable
• Related words: percolate, perforate, perennial, permanent (Latin prefix per, “through, throughout, thoroughly”)
• Sample sentences:– An atmosphere of welcome permeated
the house.– Chemicals can pass through a permeable
membrane.
(Hint: The smell of garlic permeated the house.)
86
instigate
• verb: to cause to happen, incite, provoke– Noun: instigator, instigation
• Sample sentences:– The provacateur instigated a riot.– Tommy took the cookies, but only at the
instigation of his big brother.
(Hint: Rhymes with initiate.)
88
uncouth• Adjective: crude or clumsy
• Sample sentences:– He was so uncouth he blew his nose in his
napkin at dinner.
(Hint: Un courteous youth)
87
duplicity• noun: lies, falsehood, double-dealing,
fraud– adjective: duplicitous
• Related words: complicate, implicate, implicit, explicate, replicate (Latin verb plicare, “to fold”)
• Sample sentence:– Eventually her duplicity got her in trouble,
as people learned what a liar she was.
(Hint: Duplicity is like being 2-fold, or a two-faced liar.)89
facetious• Adjective: humorously sarcastic, cleverly
amusing– Adverb: facetiously
• Sample sentences:– He was only being facetious when he
said people in famine-stricken areas would not have to diet.
– “Oh, yes, lets have a picnic in the rain,” he said facetiously.
(Hint: His face was not serious. )
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