Diffusion, Osmosis, Cellular Respiration & Photosynthesis

Passive TransportParticles move from an area of high

concentration to an area of low concentration.

NO ENERGY REQUIRED TO MAKE THIS WORK

AKA diffusion

DiffusionParticles travel from an area of high

concentration to an area of low concentration.

This process does not require any energy from the cell.

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_diffusion_works.html

OsmosisA special kind of diffusion: Diffusion of

water

Diffusion of water through the cell membrane that is so important that it has its own special name.

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_osmosis_works.html

http://www.indiana.edu/~phys215/lecture/lecnotes/diff.html

More Osmosis…Water moves from an area of high

concentration to an area of low concentration.

See the picture on page 85

Osmosis and the Blood Cell p.85Putting the blood cell

in pure water without salts makes water move INTO the cell by osmosis. The cell will look bloated.

The water “tries to balance itself on both sides of the membrane”.

Questions to AnswerWhat would

happen if we put the cell in super salty solution? Draw what it would look like below.

Active Transport

Active Transport-The cell must use energy to move things into or out of the cell.

This is against the normal direction of diffusion: From an area of LOW concentration to an area of HIGH concentration.

Movement of Large Particles Into Cell

Endocytosis- Cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses it in a vesicle.

See p. 87

Moves things INTO the cell

http://www.coolschool.ca/lor/BI12/unit4/U04L05/endocytosis_final.html

Movement of Large ParticlesOUT of the Cell.

Exocytosis- Vesicles are formed at the ER or Golgi Complex and are in a “packet” that moves to the cell membrane for release.

Moves things OUT of the cell.

http://www.coolschool.ca/lor/BI12/unit4/U04L05/exocytosis.html

Cellular RespirationNOT the same as respiration or

breathing…but breathing is required so that cellular respiration can occur

Cellular respiration- The process where the cell produces ATP (energy) in the cell from O2 and glucose; carbon dioxide and water are the products.

Cellular RespirationALL ORGANISMS RESPIRE!Know this Equation!!! Reactants Products

6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP oxygen glucose (sugar) carbon dioxide water

energyWhere did they come from? Where are they going?

air food waste waste

Used/StoredAerobic respiration: requires oxygen to be present. Makes 46 ATP’s

FermentationRemember “Feel the Burn”?Fermentation is a process that makes

energy in the absence of O2 which is known as anaerobic respiration.

Some organisms rely solely on fermentation.

Yeast and some bacteria make CO2 and alcohol as a product of the process.

Plant Food (Photosynthesis)Plants have chlorophyll that capture light energy

to change CO2 and H2O into food (glucose).Know this Equation!!! http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/486/498596/CDA7_1/CDA7_1b/

CDA7_1b.htm Products Reactants Sun

6CO2 + 6H2O + C6H12O6 + 6O2 carbon dioxide water glucose (sugar) oxygen

Where did they come from? Where are they going? air or respiration (same) respiration respiration

fruit air

Connecting Photosynthesis and Cellular RespirationAnswer the following on the back of your notes page:

Draw the figure on p. 90 on your own piece of paper. Answer the following questions on the back

1. What do you notice about the two equations for photosynthesis & respiration?

2. What happens to the ATP? Where does it go?3. How is ATP used by the cell?4. Explain in 3 sentences or more what is

happening in this figure. 5. How is the cell’s use of CO2 and H2O like people

recycling glass and paper?

Other ProcessesDigestion- Taking in food to break down for

energy

Waste Disposal- Products of cellular respiration and unneeded products.

Growth- Using energy to increase in size.

Reproduction- To generate offspring with all or shared characteristics of the parents.