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Designing and Planning Technology Enhanced Instruction. Teaching and Learning with Technology. Chapter 2. What is the Learning Environment?. The learning environment includes all conditions that impact the learner Physical space and its characteristics can impact learning - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
Designing and Planning Technology Enhanced Instruction
Chapter 2
Teaching and Learning with Technology
Teaching and Learning with Technology Allyn and Bacon 2002
What is the Learning Environment?
• The learning environment includes all conditions that impact the learner
• Physical space and its characteristics can impact learning
• Dunn and Dunn’s research suggests different aspects of the physical space appeal to different learning styles
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
What is the Learning Environment?
• Non physical aspects of the learning environment include:• Teaching strategies selected by teachers • Technologies selected to support instruction• Plan for interaction among students• Assessment strategies• Attitude and role of the teacher in the learning
process
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
Why Is Planning Important?
• To build the best possible learning environment, all aspects of it must be planned
• A systems approach to planning calls for a step-by-step process that designs, creates, evaluates and revises all aspects of instruction
• The Design-Plan-Act! (D-P-A) system ensures all necessary steps are addressed
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
Instructional Planning
The DESIGN Phase• The Design phase allows the teacher to take
a strategic look at the delivery of instruction• In this phase, the broad steps necessary are
considered and refined• An instructional design model is often used in
this phase to ensure no steps are missed• The Dynamic Instructional Design (DID)
model will assist you in creating your design
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
The DID Model
KNOW THE LEARNER
ESTABLISH THE
LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
STATE YOUR
OBJECTIVES
IDENTIFY AND
SELECT TECHNOLOGIES
SUMMATIVE EVAULATION
IDENTIFY TEACHING AND
LEARNING STRATEGIES
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
The DID Model
Know the Learner• To identify the instruction necessary, you must
first know the people you are teaching• You should consider:
• Physical and cognitive developmental stage• Cultural and language differences• Incoming skills and current knowledge base• Personal characteristics (learning styles,
dominant intelligences, etc)• Group characteristics and dynamics
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
The DID Model
Articulate your Objectives• Performance objectives state what the student
will be able to DO at the conclusion of instruction• Performance objectives have 4 components:
• The Stem• The Target Performance• The Measurement Conditions• The Criterion for Success
• Example: The student will be able to identify the subject and verb in a sentence written on the board with 95% accuracy.
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
The DID Model
• Objectives should address different levels of thinking• Blooms Taxonomy offers a guide for six levels of
cognition• Knowledge – Recall of facts• Comprehension – Interpreting facts• Application – Apply information to new situations• Analysis – Recognizing components within data• Synthesis – Creating new ideas for the data
provided• Evaluation – Making thoughtful value judgments
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
The DID Model
Establish the Learning Environment• Adjust the physical space to support learners• Encourage and support a positive climate that
includes a feeling of safety, confidence, and positive attitude
• Prepare to keep learners active and engaged• Prepare well organized and articulated lesson
plans
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
The DID Model
Identify Teaching and Learning Strategies• Decide upon the methods that are most likely to
help the stated objectives• Utilize the steps of the Pedagogical Cycle to help
determine strategies• The steps of the Pedagogical Cycle include
• Providing pre-organizers• Using motivators• Bridging to past knowledge• Sharing objectives and expectations
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
The DID Model
Identify Teaching and Learning Strategies• The steps of the Pedagogical Cycle also
include• Introducing new knowledge via varied teaching
methods• Reinforcing knowledge• Providing practice experiences• Offering a culminating review
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
The DID Model
Identify and Select Support Technologies• Determine which technology tools will build
the desired learning environment • Examine technology options• Evaluate appropriateness of the technologies
under consideration• Experiment with the technologies selected
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
The DID Model
Evaluate and Revise the Design• You have already adjusted continually
throughout the DID model in response to formative feedback
• Summative feedback is the evaluation that occurs at the end of the process
• Using the feedback from this final evaluation, revise the design to make it even better
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
Instructional Planning
The PLAN Phase• Once you have completed your design, it is
now time to PLAN your lessons• Lesson Plans provide day-to-day snapshot of
what will happen in the classroom• Each component of the lesson plan grows out
from a component of the design so they will parallel each other
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
Instructional Planning
The PLAN PhaseThe essential components of the Lesson Plan
include• Readying the Learners• Target specific daily objectives• Prepare the lesson
Prepare the classroomDetail the steps of the Pedagogical CycleIdentify technologies and materialsCheck for success
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
Instructional Planning
The ACT Phase• Once you have completed your lesson plan, it
is now time to take ACT to get ready to teach• The Instructional Action Plan (IAP) is your
lesson’s To-Do list• The IAP will detail everything you need to do
in order to carry out your planned lesson successfully
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
Instructional Planning
The ACT Phase• The Instructional Action Plan includes
• Identifying learner preparation activities• Getting the classroom ready• Preparing all teaching and learning materials• Creating your personal prompts• Practice with your support technologies• Preparing your formative and summative
feedback tools• Preparing follow-up activities
Allyn and Bacon 2002Teaching and Learning with Technology
Planning for Technology in Teaching and Learning
Remember…• Technology is a tool that supports your
design and your plans• Technology should make it possible to
something done before better or make it possible to do something that wasn’t previously possible
• Many technologies are available, choose wisely and well