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Pg. 18/15/03
Welcome to the Ansoft Web Seminar
PExprt/Maxwell 2D/SIMPLORER: Buck
Converter/TransformerMark Christini
EM Application Engineering [email protected]
Starting in:
Pg. 28/15/03
Buck Converter Design Process
1) Manually select the topology
2) Use Simplorer to simulate the SMPS model
3) Use PExprt to design inductor
4) Use PEmag to generate detailed netlist model
5) Import PEmag model into Simplorer
6) Use Simplorer to simulate the PEmag model
7) Use Simplorer (transient) for load step test
8) Use Simplorer (AC) to design feedback loop
9) Use Simplorer (transient) to do feedback loop test and verify performance
SimplorerPExprt
PEmag
Simplorer
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Step 1: Select the topology
Buck ConverterBuck Converter
Decide to use either average or switch level
Buck Converter
Decide to use either average or switch level
Buck Converter
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Step 2: Simulate in Simplorer with SMPS library
Use switch level Buck Converter from SMPS libraryUse switch level Buck Converter from SMPS library
Change duty cycle and inductor value to achieve desired
output voltage
Change duty cycle and inductor value to achieve desired
output voltage
Open and run in Simplorer
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Step 3: Design Inductor with PExprt
Build a waveform based inductor or
buck converterin PExprt
Build a waveform based inductor or
buck converterin PExprt
Easy transition from Simplorer to PExprt
Easy transition from Simplorer to PExprt
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Step 3: Design Inductor with PExprt
PExprt design results, including constructive dataPExprt design results, including constructive data
Run the PExprt model and select
the design you prefer
Run the PExprt model and select
the design you prefer
Open e03_Buck.cia and run in PExprt
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Step 4: Generate Model with PExprt Modeler [PEmag]
Can include core non-linear effects using Jiles-Atherton model if the core
is operating in the nonlinear range (usually this is a bad design)
Can include core non-linear effects using Jiles-Atherton model if the core
is operating in the nonlinear range (usually this is a bad design)
Generate a 1D Analyticalor a 2D FEA based model
Generate a 1D Analyticalor a 2D FEA based model
Open and run in PEmag
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Step 5: Import PExprt Model into Simplorer
Use Simplorer PExprt link to substitute ideal
inductor with PExprt model
Use Simplorer PExprt link to substitute ideal
inductor with PExprt model
Open original buck converter and import
PExprt .sml file
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Step 6: Simplorer Simulation With PExprt Model
PExprt Model and SymbolPExprt Model and Symbol
Simulate the PExprt model in Simplorer
Simulate the PExprt model in Simplorer
(Or open .ssh with PExprt model already imported and re-run)
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Step 7: Load Step Test: Feedback loop is needed
Load step reduces current
and device moves to discontinuous
mode
Load step reduces current
and device moves to discontinuous
mode
Non-Regulated Output Voltage
Spike occurs since no control
loop is used
Non-Regulated Output Voltage
Spike occurs since no control
loop is used
Open and run load step case in Simplorer – Transient solver
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Step 8: Design Feedback Loop in frequency domain
Design of the control loopwith AC analysis of the Converter
Specifically, select R and C in the PID controller
Design of the control loopwith AC analysis of the Converter
Specifically, select R and C in the PID controller
Add PID controllerfrom the
SMPS library
Add PID controllerfrom the
SMPS library
This controls duty cycle of
switch to maintainconstant
output voltage
This controls duty cycle of
switch to maintainconstant
output voltage
Open and run load step case in Simplorer – AC solver
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Step 9: Feedback Loop Test: Simplorer Time Domain
Regulated Output VoltageRegulated Output Voltage
PID regulator from the SMPS libraryPID regulator from the SMPS library
Load StepLoad Step
Finally, return to the time domain analysis to see how the buck converter performs
Finally, return to the time domain analysis to see how the buck converter performs
Open and run load step case in Simplorer – Transient solver
with PID control
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Conclusions Power converters, such as Buck Converters, can be
designed from start to finish using Ansoft tools Simplorer can be used for preliminary average
SMPS design PExprt can design the inductor, based on
performance specifications PEmag can refine the chosen inductor design Simplorer can evaluate the performance of the
entire converter design, including feedback analysis
