DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF GEARLESS …ijsre.in/Vol-1/Issue-3/29.pdfDESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF GEARLESS TRANSMISSION THROUGH ELBOW MECHANISM . ... Multi-Angular Gearless Drive. ... 2016 Design,

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF GEARLESS TRANSMISSION

THROUGH ELBOW MECHANISM

Solanki Nehal Pramesh1, Patel Harshil K.

2,Singh Montu

3,Rajwani Avesh

4

Student, Mechanical department, Laxmi institute of Technology, Sarigam-Valsad. Gujarat

Corresponding Author Detail:

Solanki Nehal Pramesh

Student, Mechanical department,

Laxmi institute of Technology,

Sarigam-Valsad, Gujarat.

Internal Guide Detail:

Mr. Jignesh Chaudhri

Assistant Professor, Mechanical department,

Laxmi institute of Technology,

Sarigam-Valsad. Gujarat.

ABSTRACT

This paper represents the study of gearless elbow mechanism which is an equipment in

alternate to bevel gear used for transmitting power between the two shafts placed at an angle

between 0 – 120 degree. Mechanism consists of elbow rods and hubs which are coupled

together by placing the rods in the holes that are drilled in the hubs. The mechanism is to be

analysed in ANSYS package software to watch the response of the mechanism. The static

structural analysis is to be carried for the mechanism having 4,6,8 pins and by applying

different materials (mild steel and stainless steel) on elbow rods and hubs. Theoretical

calculations are made to obtain allowable stress using design data values. As a result

response of the mechanism is investigated to find suitable no of rods , material and

permissible speed of the mechanism.

KEYWORDS: Elbow rod, Mechanism, Analysis, Total deformation, Von mises stress, Hub

INTRODUCTION

In today’s world energy is the prime requirement in each and every field. As the world is

progressing towards the 22nd

century every bit of energy becomes crucial because the

resources that we have for producing energy is very limited and soon will be getting

finished. For transmitting motion and power from one shaft to another which are non parallel

or intersecting and co- planar bevel gearing are generally employed. But there are some

inherent disadvantages associated with bevel gearing stated as complexity in manufacturing,

high cost of replacement. To overcome all these difficulties we have a mechanism which

transmits motion between the two non-parallel (intersecting) and co- planar shafts. The

mechanism is known as Gearless elbow mechanism is equipment consisting of elbow rods,

hub and shaft. Gearless elbow mechanism works on the principle of slider and kinematic

chain principle.

SYSTEM STUDY

We have fabricated 4 pins gearless elbow mechanism. Gearless elbow mechanism is portable

and compact equipment. Mechanism consists of 2 hubs, 4 elbow rods, 2 shafts, motor (A.C.

motor 1hp), Belt drive. The motor and belt drive is coupled to the end of any one shaft. As

the power is supplied to the shaft from the motor through belt drive the shaft rotates along

with hub, the elbow rods placed in the holes of the hub slides in and out of both the hubs due

to this the power from one shaft is transmitted to the another.

International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017

IJSRE Vol. 1 (3), March, 2017 www.ijsre.in Page 213

Figure-1 Motor

METHODOLOGY

PARTS SPECIFICATION AND MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Body Diameter(mm) Length

(mm)

Elbow

rods

10 120

Hub 96 35

Shaft 30 240

Table 1: Parts specification

Table 2 : Mild steel properties

Compressive Yield Strength MPa 250

Tensile Yield Strength MPa 250

Tensile ultimate strength 460

Hardness 229

Table 3 : Stainless steel properties

Compressive Yield Strength MPa 207

Tensile Yield Strength MPa 207

Tensile ultimate strength 586

Hardness 230

Figure- 2 Model of 4 rod mechanism

Study of research papers Study of mechanism Selection of material

Design of parts Modelling Simulation

Fabrication and assembly Comparison



MODELLING AND ASSEMBLY

All the components are modelled on solidworks software under 3D part workbench. It is

assumed that every parts rigid .Parts already modelled are assembled together in sequence to

achieve a constraint mechanism. Concentric mate is used between parts having relative

motion forming a turning pair. Lock mate is also used between hub and shaft.

THEORETICAL CALCULATION

Pin is subjected bending. Hence it is been design Using flexural equation.

= ( 32x M)/( π x )

Shaft and hub is subjected torsion. Hence it is been design using torsion equation.

τ = (16 x T) / (π x )

Allowable bending stress:

= 0.46 X 460 = 211.6 N/m

Allowable torsion stress:

τ = 0.22 X 460 = 101.2 N/m

Power of motor:

1 H.P = 746 x 1 = 746 N- m /s

P = 746 watt.

P = 2 πN T /60

Where, N = Rpm of motor = 1440 r.p.m

Torque transmitted:

746 = 2π×1440×T/60

T = 4.94 N-m

T = 4947.066 N-mm

Bending Moment for bent links:

=( 32x M)/( π x )

= 32 x 2010.65 / π

= 202.13 N/m

Shear stress for hub:

τ = (16 x T) / (π x )

= (16 x 4947.066 ) / (π x )

= 0.02 N/m

SIMULATION

Simulation of mechanism is carried out on ansys 16.Static structural analysis is to be

performed on the mechanism to watch the response of the elbow rods, hub and shaft. In

static structural analysis total deformation and von - mises stress analysis is carried out.

Simulation is performed by importing motion loads to the component. Motion loads acts on

component as dynamic loads. Hence simulation performs dynamic analysis of mechanism.

Simulation is performed for 4,6 and 8 pins ,for two different material (mild steel and

stainless steel) driven at 50,100,150 and 200 rpm.



Figure-3 Total deformation occurring over

the 4 rod mechanism

Figure- 4 Von mises stress distribution over

the 4 rod mechanism


the 6 rod mechanism

Figure-6 von mises stress distribution over

the 6 rod mechanism


the 8 rod mechanism

Figure-8 von mises stress distribution over

the 8 rod mechanism

EVALUATING ANALYSIS

0.00E+00

5.00E-01

1.00E+00

1.50E+00

50 100 150 200

Def

orm

atio

n

Rpm

Total deformation vs rpm

mild steel Stainless steel Column1



Figure-9 Total deformation vs rpm for 4 rod mechanism

Figure-10 Von mises stress vs rpm for 4 rod mechanism


Figure-12 Von mises stress vs rpm for 6 rod mechanism

0.00E+00

5.00E-04

1.00E-03

1.50E-03

2.00E-03

2.50E-03

50 rpm 100 rpm 150 rpm 200 rpm

Vo

n m

ises

RPM

Von mises stress v/s R.P.M

Mild steel Stainless steel Column1

0.00E+00

1.00E-08

2.00E-08

3.00E-08

4.00E-08

5.00E-08

6.00E-08

100 150 200

Def

orm

atio

n

Rpm



0.00E+00

5.00E-04

1.00E-03

1.50E-03

2.00E-03

100 150 200

Vo

n m

ises

str

ess

Rpm

Von mises vs rpm





Figure-14 Von mises stress vs rpm for 8 rod m

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

It is clear from the results of the analysis that the stresses and deformation on 4 elbow rod

and hub mechanism is more than 6 – elbow rod mechanism. While the 8 rod mechanism

works satisfactorily but the mechanism needs to be modified for the smooth operation. As

calculated the working stress is less than the allowable stress hence the system is safe against

bending and torsion.

CONCLUSION

Gearless elbow mechanism has been analysed on ansys software. The response of the elbow

rods and hub was analysed for different material, different no of elbow rods and for different

r.p.m. It is been concluded from the analysis that the mechanism with 6 elbow rods made up

0.00E+00

1.00E-01

2.00E-01

3.00E-01

4.00E-01

5.00E-01

6.00E-01

50 100 150 200

Def

orm

atio

n

Rpm



0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

50 100 150 200

Vo

n M

ises

Rpm

Von Mises vs rpm




of mild steel material is works perfectly. The mechanism runs smoothly when it is kept at 150

r.p.m. Also it can be concluded that as the no of elbow rods increases smoother the operation

would be.

FUTURE SCOPE

1) Working on stress concentration is recommended

2) Working on aluminium as a prime material is recommended

3) Fatigue analysis is recommended

4) Analysis of the mechanism with higher no of elbow rods is recommended.

REFERENCE

1. International Journal of Core Engineering & Management (IJCEM) Volume 1, Issue 6,

September 2014Analysis and Simulation of Gearless Transmission Mechanism.

2. International Journal of Ethics in Engineering & Management EducationISSN: 2348-

4748, Volume 1, Issue 5, May2014Gearless Power Transmission- L Pin Coupling.

3. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 7, July-2015

Multi-Angular Gearless Drive.

4. IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 4, Issue 02,

2016 Design, Analysis and Fabrication of Gearless Transmission by Elbow Mechanism.

5. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)ISSN: 2278-

0181Vol. 3 Issue 3, March – 2014Gearless Power Transmission-Offset Parallel

ShaftCoupling.



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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF GEARLESS …ijsre.in/Vol-1/Issue-3/29.pdfDESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF GEARLESS TRANSMISSION THROUGH ELBOW MECHANISM . ... Multi-Angular Gearless Drive. ... 2016 Design,