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A Project Report On:

Recovery of Carbon Disulphide (CS2)

from Spin-Bath in Tyre Cord Plant

By :

Vishwang Bhaskar 2012A1PS457G

Priyanka Pisharody 2012A1PS755G

Tanya Bansal 2012A1PS500G

At : Century Rayon, Shahad

BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI

July 2014

July 2014

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BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE PILANI (RAJASTHAN)

Practice School Division Station: Century Rayon, Kalyan Centre: Mumbai Duration: Eight Weeks Date of Start: 23rd May, 2014 Date of submission: 14th July 2014

Title of the project: Recovery of Carbon Disulphide (CS2) from Spin-Bath in Tyre Cord Plant

Id no./Names/Discipline of the Students:

Vishwang Bhaskar 2012A1PS457G B.E. (Hons.) Chemical

Priyanka Pisharody 2012A1PS755G B.E. (Hons.) Chemical

Tanya Bansal 2012A1PS500G B.E. (Hons.) Chemical

Name and designation of the expert:

Mr. M. M. Bhandarkar GM, Tyre-Cord/CSY Plant

Name of the PS faculty: Dr. B. G. Saha

Key words: Spin-Bath, Stretch trough, Spintek-12, Condensation, Carbon Disulphide, Condensation, Absorption

Project Areas:

Abstract: Century Rayon, which manufactures Rayon, Tyre-Cord and CSY by means of the Viscose Process, has a plant in Shahad that emits water-saturated air containing Carbon disulfide (CS2) along with other exhaust gases. Century Rayon desires to reduce these emissions as soon as possible. It strives to recover CS2 as it would be highly profitable to Century Rayon as it can be reused.

This situation, although it involves an important industry, is much more than a serious local problem as shutting down such an industry will lead to huge losses to local economies. The same problem exists at all plants that use the Viscose Processes to manufacture Rayon or Cellulose products. These plants are located throughout the world.

The aim of this report is to explore various techniques which can be used to recover CS2 from the exhaust gases. After in-depth study two methods have been suggested in this report after conducting trials at plant level as well as laboratory level under simulated near real conditions along with a brief introduction to yarn making processes. The first method involves drying, scrubbing and finally condensation of the exhaust gases. The second method explores into the technique of absorbing CS2 into mineral oil then recovering it by heating the oil.

Signatures of Students:

Signature of PS-I Faculty:

CS2 Recovery Plant Design Environmental Sciences Mass Transfer Heat Transfer

Chemical Engineering Textile Engineering Environment Pollution Control Separation Engineering Study of Properties of various Gases

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*****Table of Contents*****

List Of Illustrations ___________________________________________viii Acknowledgement ___________________________________________ix 1. Introduction ______________________________________________1

1.1. Overview of the Company 1.2. The Tyre Cord and CSY Department 1.3. The Yarn Making Processes

1.3.1. The Viscose Department 1.3.2. The Spinning Department

2. Carbon Disulphide Recovery : Theory And Processes______________8 2.1. Properties of Gases Being Separated

2.1.1. Carbon Disulphide 2.1.2. Hydrogen Sulphide 2.1.3. Water Vapour 2.1.4. Dopes 2.1.5. Air

2.2. Methods To Separate CS2 2.2.1. Absorption into Solvents 2.2.2. Incineration 2.2.3. Membrane Separation 2.2.4. Non-Carbon Adsorption 2.2.5. Activated Carbon Adsorption

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3. Lab Experiments ___________________________________________20 3.1. Experiment #1: To Study Absorption of Carbon Disulphide in

Spintek-12 oil in presence of air and its subsequent Recovery. 3.2. Experiment #2: To Study Absorption of Carbon Disulphide in

Spintek-12 oil in presence of Air + Water Vapours and its Subsequent Recovery.

3.3. Suggested Lab Experiments

4. Recovering CS2 At Plant______________________________________32 4.1. Recovery Location 4.2. Recovery Method Used in CS2 Plant 4.3. Schematic Flow Charts for Recovery in Plant

4.3.1. Method #1 4.3.2. Method #2

4.4. Setup to Implement The Methods in Plant 4.4.1. Method #1 : Direct Condensation 4.4.2. Method #2 : Absorption into Spintek Oil

4.5. Results and Observations of the Trials 4.5.1. Measures Taken 4.5.2. Method #1 4.5.3. Method #2

5. Suggested Improvements ____________________________________50 5.1. Improvements in Methods Used 5.2. New Improved Methods

5.2.1. The Lenzing Process 5.2.2. Using Activated Carbon 5.2.3. Drying and Sending to CS2 Plant

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Fig. 1 Viscose Manufacturing Processes

Fig. 2 Tyre Cord Spinning Processes

Fig. 3 Composition of Air

Fig. 4 Absorption Plant Design

Fig. 5 Incineration Schematic Diagram

Fig. 6 Membrane Separation

Fig. 7 Adsorption

Fig. 8 Using Direct Condensation (Schematic Diagram)

Fig. 9 Using Spintek Absorption (Schematic Diagram)

Fig. 10 Setup Used for Direct Condensation

Fig. 11 Setup for Spintek Absorption and Recovery

Fig. 12 The Lenzing Process

Fig. 13 Activated Charcoal

Fig 14 Drying and Sending to CS2 Plant

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