Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 12 Resistance-Training Strategies for Individuals with Coronary Heart Disease

Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Chapter 12

Resistance-Training Strategies for Individuals with Coronary Heart

Disease


Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)

• Caused by atherosclerosis– Hardening of arteries

• Blood flow reduced through coronary arteries to heart muscle

• Typically results in chest pain and/or heart damage


Managing CHD

• Resistance-training programs

• Cardiovascular exercise

• Proper diet

• Lifestyle modifications– E.g., stress management, smoking cessation


Prevalence of CHD

• Leading cause of death for men and women in US

• CHD-related event occurs approximately every 29 seconds

• Death related to CHD occurs approximately every minute


Prevalence of CHD

• Risk of CHD:– Men = 49 percent

– Women over age 40 = 32 percent


Etiology of CHD

• Atherosclerosis– Build up of fatty material and plaque in coronary

arteries

• Narrowed coronary arteries cause flow of blood to heart to slow or stop


Etiology of CHD

• Symptoms:– Chest pain

– Shortness of breath

– Heart attack

– Others


Risk Factors for CHD

• Family history

• Poor diet

• Lack of exercise

• Excess cholesterol

• Smoking

• Diabetes


Cardiac Rehabilitation

• Comprehensive, long-term program

• Includes:– Medical evaluation

– Prescribed exercise

– Cardiac risk factor modification

– Education

– Counseling


Cardiac Rehabilitation

• Designed to limit physiologic and psychological effects of cardiac illness among other benefits

• Incorporates latest research in exercise prescription


Research Supports Resistance Training

• Improves mood and muscular strength

• Limits:– Angina

– ST segment depression

– Cardiovascular complications

– Pulmonary complications



• Increases muscular strength– Alleviating stress related to performing activities of

daily living

• Improves overall quality of life

• Increases bone density– Countering effects of immunosuppressive therapy



• Increases lean body mass

• May create more favorable blood lipid levels

• Increases cardiovascular conditioning

• Lowers blood pressure

• Enhances insulin uptake


Program Design Considerations

• Requires physical and cardiopulmonary exercise test– Test results form basis of exercise program

• ACSM has specific guidelines


Exercise Testing Considerations

• Can safely use 1 RM assessment on individuals with CHD

• Can perform maximal strength testing two to four weeks post-event

• RM should fall within 8 to 15 RM range to ensure assessment of strength



• Use electrocardiogram (EKG) monitoring during RM testing to detect arrhythmias

• Monitor blood pressure during 1 RM assessment for hypertensive clients



• Systolic blood pressure should not exceed 30 to 40 mm Hg– Refer to Table 12.2

• Other testing methods available


Program Components

• Exercise selection critical– Not all exercises appropriate

• Exercises must increase strength and lean body mass– Minimizing adverse effects

• Continually emphasize proper performance


Program Components

• Exercises should mimic activities of daily living– Refer to Table 12.3

• Major goal of training:– Gain muscular strength

• Minimum rest time of two minutes between sets


Program Components

• Perform whole-body workouts two to three days per week

• Ideally perform resistance training before cardiovascular work

• Keep training format the same each time

• See sample 24-Week Program

Documents

Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 12 Resistance-Training Strategies for Individuals with Coronary Heart Disease