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Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Blood Ch. 7The Functions of the Circulatory System
Figure 7.1
Circulatorysystem
Transportto and from
all cells
Digestivesystem
Urinarysystem
Elimination ofexcess water, salts,metabolic wastes
Elimination offood residues,metabolic wastes
Food andwater intake
Water, salts,metabolic waste
Respiratorysystem
Oxygenintake
Nutrients,salt, water
Metabolicwaste
CO2O2
Elimination ofcarbon dioxide
The Human Body
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Animation—Blood
The Functions of Blood
Transportation Nutrients, waste, hormones
Regulation Temperature, water volume, pH
Defense Against infections and bleeding
PLAY
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The Components of Blood
Plasma (55%) Water Electrolytes Proteins (albumins, globulins, clotting proteins) Hormones Gases Nutrients and wastes
Formed elements (45%) RBCs WBCs Platelets
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Red Blood Cells
Functions: transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
Measurement: hematocrit, hemoglobin
Origin: stem cells
Life span: 120 days in humans
Control of production: erythropoietin
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White Blood Cells
Functions Protection from infection
Regulation of the inflammatory reaction
Two Types Granular: neutrophils, eosinophils, and
basophils
Agranular: lymphocytes and monocytes
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Hemostasis
Three Stages Vascular spasm: constriction of blood
vessels to reduce blood flow
Platelet plug formation: sealing of the ruptured blood vessel
Coagulation: formation of a blood clot
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Blood Types Determine Blood Compatibility
Figure 7.12
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Animation—Blood Types
Blood Typing Concepts
Antigen vs. antibody
ABO system
Rh system and Rh factor in pregnancy
PLAY
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Blood Disorders
Anemia: reduction in oxygen-carrying capacity
Leukemia: a form of cancer
Multiple myeloma: a form of cancer
Mononucleosis: Epstein-Barr virus infection
Septicemia: “blood poisoning”
Thrombocytopenia: reduction in platelet number
