Content Domain Main Topic Cognitive Domain PhysICs ......212 Content Domain Main Topic Cognitive Domain Overall Percent Correct Country average vs. International average: Higher p

212

Main TopicContent Domain Cognitive Domain

Overall Percent Correct

Country average vs. International average:

Higher pNotdifferent OLower q

TIMSS 2003 8th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

Item Number: S032711

Metal crown: procedure to find volume of crown

PhysICs ForcesandMotion ReasoningandAnalysis

S032711

The scientists then needed to find the volume of the crown in order todetermine its density. The following equipment and materials wereavailable for them to use.

Describe a procedure that the scientists could use to find the volume of thecrown using some or all of the equipment and materials shown above. Youmay use diagrams to help explain your procedure.

water supply

plastic tray glass container

graduated cylinder

Questions for Metal Crown continue.

Singapore 38 pJapan 36 pHong Kong, SAR 33 pKorea, Republic of 33 pChinese Taipei 32 pJordan 27 pRussian Federation 25 pEstonia 21 pLithuania 20 pSlovak Republic 20 pSweden 19 pSlovenia 19 pUnited States 17 pBelgium (Flemish) 16 pNew Zealand 16 OHungary 15 OIsrael 15 OAustralia 14 OInternational average 13 ORomania 13 OLatvia 13 ONetherlands 13 OItaly 12 OMalaysia 11 OCyprus 11 OBulgaria 11 OSerbia and Montenegro 10 qNorway 9 qSaudi Arabia 9 qScotland 8 qMacedonia, Republic of 8 qEngland 8 qBahrain 8 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 7 qEgypt 5 qArmenia 5 qIndonesia 5 qLebanon 5 qIran, Islamic Republic of 4 qBotswana 4 qPhilippines 3 qSouth Africa 2 qChile 2 qGhana 2 qTunisia 1 qMorocco 0 qMoldova, Rep. of 0 q

213


Metal crown: procedure to find volume of crown (continued)Item Number: S032711

sCORINGNote:Forfullcredit,responsesmustdescribeordiagramaprocedurebasedondisplacementandclearlyidentifyhowthevolumeofthecrownisdetermined.Partialcreditisgivenforproceduresordiagramsthatdemonstrateknowledgeofdisplacementwithoutacompletedescriptionofthesteps/measurementstobemade.Responsesmayalsoimplicitlyrefertoothermaterialsnotindicatedinthediagram(e.g.,ruler,marker,etc.).Becauseitisnottotallyclearfromthediagramwhattherelativesizeofthecrown,beaker,andtrayare,creditisgivenforproceduresthatuseanyofthesematerialsfordisplacementeveniftheactualproceduremightnotbecompletelysuccessful.

Correct Response

• Describesordiagramsaprocedurebasedondisplacementofwaterusingmeasuredwaterleveldifferences:

i)Addingwatertothebeaker(sinkortray)andmarkingthewaterlevel.

ii)Placingthecrowninthebeaker(sinkortray)andmarkingthenewwaterlevel.

iii)Measuringthevolumedifferencebefore/afteraddingthecrownusingthegraduatedcylinder

• Describes or diagrams a procedure based on displacement of water using measured overflow:

i)Fillingthebeaker(ortray)withwater.

ii) Placing the crown in the beaker (or tray) and collecting the overflow.

iii) Measuring the volume of the overflow using the graduated cylinder

• Otherfullycorrect.

Partially Correct Response

• Describesordiagramsapartialprocedurethatincludesdisplacementofwaterbutwithinadequateornodescriptionofthesteps/measurementstodeterminethevolume.Examples: Put some water in the beaker and add the crown. Measure how much the level of water

went up. Add the crown to the beaker filled with water. See how much overflowed.

• Otherpartiallycorrect.

Incorrect Response

• Mentionsputtingthecrowninthebeaker(sinkortray)ofwaterwithnoexplicitmentionthatthewater level will rise/overflow and no or incorrect procedure given for measuring the volume.Examples: Fill the beaker to the top with water and add the crown. You can get the volume that way.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegibleorofftask).

214

student Responses



Correct Response:

215



student Responses(continued)

Partially Correct Response:

216


Incorrect Response:

student Responses(continued)


Correct Response:

217






D


Thermometerscaleforboilingwater

PhysICs HeatandTemperature ReasoningandAnalysis

S022225

At different altitudes, the boiling point of water ranges from about 80° C to100° C. Which of the Celsius thermometers shown below would give themost accurate measurement of the boiling point of water at differentaltitudes?

a Thermometer A

b Thermometer B

c Thermometer C

d Thermometer D

e Thermometer E

A EDB C

80

50750750

95 100 125 150

Thermometers

Hong Kong, SAR 38 pKorea, Republic of 33 pNetherlands 33 pSlovak Republic 33 pEstonia 31 pChinese Taipei 30 pJapan 29 pBelgium (Flemish) 27 pIsrael 27 pLithuania 26 pUnited States 26 pSingapore 25 pHungary 24 pRussian Federation 23 pSweden 22 OSlovenia 22 ONew Zealand 22 OAustralia 22 OLatvia 22 OPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 21 OEgypt 21 OJordan 20 OEngland 20 OInternational average 20 OBulgaria 20 OScotland 19 OCyprus 17 ORomania 16 qItaly 16 qSerbia and Montenegro 16 qBahrain 16 qNorway 16 qMacedonia, Republic of 15 qSouth Africa 14 qTunisia 13 qMoldova, Rep. of 13 qPhilippines 13 qLebanon 12 qIndonesia 11 qIran, Islamic Republic of 10 qArmenia 9 qChile 9 qGhana 8 qBotswana 8 qMalaysia 6 qMorocco 0 qSaudi Arabia 0 q

Correct Response:

218






A


Seeingpersoninadarkroom

PhysICs Light ConceptualUnderstanding

S012004

A person in a dark room looking through a window can clearly see a personoutside in the daylight. But a person outside cannot see the person inside.Why does this happen?

a There is not enough light being reflected off the person in the room.

b Light rays cannot pass through a window twice.

c Outside light does not pass through windows.

d Sunlight is not as intense as other sources of light.

Singapore 87 pEngland 83 pScotland 81 pNew Zealand 81 pSweden 80 pUnited States 79 pLithuania 79 pChinese Taipei 79 pNetherlands 79 pKorea, Republic of 78 pAustralia 76 pEstonia 76 pNorway 75 pIsrael 75 pHong Kong, SAR 73 pLatvia 72 pBelgium (Flemish) 71 pSlovenia 70 pRomania 69 OHungary 69 OSerbia and Montenegro 69 OIndonesia 68 OItaly 68 OMoldova, Rep. of 68 OIran, Islamic Republic of 66 OBahrain 66 OInternational average 66 OPhilippines 66 OJordan 65 OCyprus 62 qChile 61 qJapan 61 qSaudi Arabia 60 qTunisia 60 qMacedonia, Republic of 59 qSlovak Republic 59 qBotswana 58 qMorocco 57 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 57 qRussian Federation 52 qBulgaria 50 qEgypt 50 qMalaysia 47 qGhana 44 qArmenia 42 qSouth Africa 42 qLebanon 35 q

Correct Response:

219






B


Angle of reflected light ray


S022058

A ray of light strikes a mirror as shown.

Which picture best shows the direction of the reflected light?

a

dc

b

mirrormirror

mirrormirror

mirror

Estonia 83 pEngland 83 pKorea, Republic of 81 pNetherlands 81 pJapan 80 pSingapore 79 pArmenia 76 pNew Zealand 76 pChinese Taipei 75 pLatvia 74 pMalaysia 72 pCyprus 72 pSweden 71 pLithuania 71 pHong Kong, SAR 68 pBelgium (Flemish) 67 pScotland 67 OAustralia 66 OBulgaria 66 OHungary 66 OInternational average 63 OSlovenia 63 OSerbia and Montenegro 62 OIran, Islamic Republic of 62 OSlovak Republic 62 OIsrael 61 ORussian Federation 61 OMacedonia, Republic of 61 OIndonesia 61 OPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 60 ORomania 59 OUnited States 59 qJordan 59 qMoldova, Rep. of 58 qLebanon 57 qNorway 57 qItaly 57 qEgypt 54 qBahrain 54 qMorocco 51 qPhilippines 51 qSaudi Arabia 49 qChile 45 qTunisia 44 qGhana 41 qBotswana 38 qSouth Africa 33 q

220







Sunlightthroughaglassprism


S032375

The diagram shows a ray of sunlight entering a glass prism.

Describe what will be seen on the screen.(You may draw on the diagram to help explain your answer.)

screen

prism

sunlight

sCORINGNote:Forfullcredit,responsesmustexplicitlyindicatethatdifferentcolorsareseenonthescreen,eitherbytextualdescriptionorbydrawingonthediagram.Acompletelycorrectorcompletesequenceofcolorsisnotrequiredforfullcredit.Partialcreditwillbegivenforresponsesthatshowordescriberefractioneveniftheappearanceofthelightbeamsonthescreenisnotfullydescribed.

Correct Response

• Describesordrawsthevisiblecolorspectrum.Examples: A spectrum of seven colors which is red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet.

• Referstoaspectrum,rainbow,colors,etc.(nocolorspectrumshown)Examples: I will see many colors on it like the rainbow. All the colors of the color spectrum. There will be seven colors.

• Otherfullycorrect.

Partially Correct Response

• Describesordrawsmultiplerefractedraysbutwithnoexplicitconnectiontocolor.Examples: There will be a lot of rays coming out the other side of the prism. The light will spread out across that side of the prism and be seen on most of the screen.

• Describesordrawsonlytherefraction(bending)oflightbeam(nomentionofcolordispersion).Examples: The light inside the prism will bend. The sunlight would go through at an angle.

• Otherpartiallycorrect.

Incorrect Response

• Describesordrawsashadoworimageoftheprism(orsimilar).Examples: The prism will make a shadow on the screen.

• Refersonlytoseeingsunlightorlightonthescreen.[Nomentionofcolordispersionorrefraction.]Examples: Sunlight hitting the screen. The screen will be bright because there is light falling on it.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegibleorofftask).

Korea, Republic of 74 pSingapore 65 pMalaysia 53 pHong Kong, SAR 49 pUnited States 49 pEngland 47 pNetherlands 45 pNew Zealand 43 pChinese Taipei 38 pJordan 36 pBahrain 34 pArmenia 33 pPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 33 pLithuania 32 pIran, Islamic Republic of 31 pScotland 28 OSweden 25 OEgypt 24 OHungary 24 OItaly 24 OInternational average 23 OAustralia 22 OEstonia 20 ORomania 18 qIsrael 17 qLatvia 17 qBelgium (Flemish) 15 qNorway 15 qSlovenia 15 qSaudi Arabia 14 qChile 11 qRussian Federation 11 qPhilippines 10 qJapan 10 qIndonesia 9 qLebanon 7 qBulgaria 7 qMacedonia, Republic of 7 qSlovak Republic 6 qBotswana 5 qCyprus 4 qSouth Africa 3 qMoldova, Rep. of 2 qSerbia and Montenegro 2 qGhana 1 qMorocco 1 qTunisia 0 q

221

student Responses


Sunlightthroughaglassprism(continued)Item Number: S032375

Correct Response:

Partially Correct Response:

222


Incorrect Response:

student Responses (continued)

Sunlightthroughaglassprism(continued)Item Number: S032375

223







Lightningseenbeforethunderheard


S032626

Mary was looking out her window on a stormy night. She saw lightning andthen heard thunder a few seconds later.

Explain why she saw lightning before she heard thunder.

sCORINGCorrect Response

• Referstolighttravelingfasterthansound(orsimilar).Examples: Speed of light is faster than speed of sound. Light travels quicker than sound. It takes more time for sound to reach her than light.

• Othercorrect.

Incorrect Response

• Refersonlytolightningbeingcloserorthunderbeingfurtheraway(explicitlyorimplicitly).Examples: Thunder has a longer way to go. Thunder is striking from kilometers away.

• Refers to lightning occurring first, causing thunder, or similar. [Noexplicitmentionoftherelativespeedoflight/soundtotravel.]Examples: Lightning is so quick, thunder only happens afterward. The noise occurs later. Thunder occurs from lightning. Thunder is the echo of lightning.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegible,orofftask).

Singapore 88 pEngland 74 pChinese Taipei 70 pJapan 65 pHong Kong, SAR 62 pLithuania 61 pSweden 59 pBotswana 54 pHungary 54 pNorway 54 pEstonia 53 pLatvia 52 pNetherlands 52 pAustralia 51 pKorea, Republic of 47 pMalaysia 47 pIsrael 46 OUnited States 46 pBahrain 45 OSaudi Arabia 45 ORomania 44 OSlovenia 44 OBulgaria 43 ONew Zealand 43 OScotland 43 OBelgium (Flemish) 42 OInternational average 42 OItaly 41 OSlovak Republic 41 OMacedonia, Republic of 41 OEgypt 40 OJordan 39 OSerbia and Montenegro 37 qRussian Federation 36 qCyprus 35 qMoldova, Rep. of 35 qLebanon 32 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 31 qArmenia 26 qChile 19 qIndonesia 19 qIran, Islamic Republic of 15 qPhilippines 13 qMorocco 12 qTunisia 8 qSouth Africa 4 qGhana 1 q

224

student Responses


Lightningseenbeforethunderheard(continued)Item Number: S032626

Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:

Correct Response:

225






B


Candle position reflected on grid

PhysICs Light ReasoningandAnalysis

S012015

A candle is placed on a ruled grid in front of a mirror, as shown. At whatpoint will the reflection of the candle appear to be?

a Point A

b Point B

c Point C

d Point D

Mirror

A B

C D

Belgium (Flemish) 89 pSingapore 88 pNetherlands 87 pNew Zealand 86 pEngland 86 pScotland 83 pHungary 80 pHong Kong, SAR 80 pEstonia 80 pAustralia 80 pSlovak Republic 77 pKorea, Republic of 77 pChinese Taipei 77 pJapan 75 pBahrain 74 pMalaysia 73 pUnited States 73 pSlovenia 72 pRussian Federation 71 pNorway 70 pLatvia 69 pLithuania 68 pCyprus 65 OArmenia 65 OInternational average 64 OItaly 64 OIsrael 63 OChile 63 OIndonesia 60 qSweden 60 qSerbia and Montenegro 59 qMoldova, Rep. of 56 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 55 qBulgaria 54 qRomania 53 qMacedonia, Republic of 53 qEgypt 53 qIran, Islamic Republic of 52 qLebanon 51 qSaudi Arabia 48 qMorocco 46 qJordan 45 qTunisia 43 qBotswana 42 qPhilippines 41 qGhana 28 qSouth Africa 25 q

Correct Response:

226






D


Shadowsizefromdistancediagram


S012029

A tiny light bulb is held 20 centimeters to the left of a square card, which isin turn held 20 centimeters to the left of a poster board, as shown. Theshadow of the card on the poster board has a side of 10 centimeters.

If the poster board is moved 40 cm further to the right so that it is 80 cm fromthe light, what will be the new side of the card’s shadow on the poster board?

a 5 cm

b 10 cm

c 15 cm

d 20 cm

Card

Shadow

20 cm 20 cm

PosterBoard

LightBulb

Korea, Republic of 79 pSweden 69 pBelgium (Flemish) 69 pEstonia 68 pChinese Taipei 68 pJapan 67 pRussian Federation 67 pSingapore 66 pNetherlands 64 pLithuania 63 OLebanon 63 OMalaysia 63 pScotland 63 ORomania 62 OHungary 61 OUnited States 61 OLatvia 61 OHong Kong, SAR 61 OSlovenia 61 OBotswana 60 OArmenia 60 OIsrael 60 OEngland 60 OInternational average 59 OItaly 59 OMoldova, Rep. of 59 OMacedonia, Republic of 58 OAustralia 58 OSerbia and Montenegro 58 OBahrain 58 ONew Zealand 57 OIran, Islamic Republic of 57 OPhilippines 57 ONorway 57 OBulgaria 56 OMorocco 56 OJordan 56 OPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 56 qCyprus 55 qTunisia 53 qSlovak Republic 53 qSouth Africa 51 qIndonesia 50 qSaudi Arabia 49 qEgypt 48 qChile 47 qGhana 47 q

227







Brush reflected in mirror at angle


S022279

The picture shows a paint brush that is lying on a shelf in front of a mirror.Draw a picture of the paint brush as you would see it in the mirror. Use thepatterns of lines on the shelf to help you.

mirror

New Zealand 75 pNetherlands 72 pBelgium (Flemish) 71 pEngland 71 pScotland 70 pEstonia 67 pJapan 66 pAustralia 61 pHungary 61 pHong Kong, SAR 60 pSingapore 59 pLatvia 59 pLithuania 58 pRussian Federation 56 pArmenia 54 pNorway 53 pSlovenia 53 pSlovak Republic 52 pChinese Taipei 52 pSweden 51 pMalaysia 51 pMoldova, Rep. of 51 pUnited States 51 pKorea, Republic of 46 OSerbia and Montenegro 45 OBahrain 44 OInternational average 44 OItaly 42 ORomania 41 OBulgaria 37 qIsrael 36 qChile 35 qIndonesia 35 qMacedonia, Republic of 35 qIran, Islamic Republic of 32 qCyprus 31 qTunisia 26 qPhilippines 24 qMorocco 23 qEgypt 22 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 22 qSaudi Arabia 21 qLebanon 21 qJordan 20 qBotswana 17 qSouth Africa 8 qGhana 4 q

228


sCORINGNote:Abrushontheborderlineofthecorrectsquaresshouldbeacceptedascorrect.Creditisgivenforabrushinthecorrectsquaresevenifthehairsarenotclearlyshown.Onlyifthehairsareclearlyshowninthewrongdirectionistheanswerincorrect.

Correct Response

• Correctplacement:angle,gridposition,anddirection(hairstotheright).(SeeFigure1.)

Incorrect Response

• Correct angle and placement, but image flipped with hairs clearly turned to the left. (See Figure 2.)

• Imageparalleltooriginal(hairstotherightorleft).(SeeFigure3;otherrows/columnsarepossible).

• Correctanglebutimagetranslated(hairstotherightorleft).(SeeFigure4;otherrows/columnsarepossible).

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegible,orofftask).

Brush reflected in mirror at angle (continued)Item Number: S022279

229

student Responses


Correct Response:

Incorrect Response:

Brush reflected in mirror at angle (continued)Item Number: S022279

Correct Response:

230







PhysICsPhysicalStates

andChangesinMatterFactualKnowledge

Wettoweldriesinthesun

D

S032055

A wet towel will dry when it is left in the Sun. Which process occurs to makethis happen?

a melting

b boiling

c condensation

d evaporation

Chinese Taipei 98 pSingapore 95 pHungary 95 pEstonia 94 pSlovak Republic 94 pHong Kong, SAR 94 pJapan 94 pRussian Federation 94 pKorea, Republic of 93 pTunisia 91 pLithuania 91 pSlovenia 90 pEngland 89 pMoldova, Rep. of 89 pNew Zealand 88 pAustralia 88 pLatvia 88 pNetherlands 88 pMalaysia 87 pBulgaria 87 pScotland 87 OJordan 86 ORomania 86 OArmenia 86 OBelgium (Flemish) 85 OUnited States 85 OIsrael 85 OSerbia and Montenegro 85 OBahrain 84 ONorway 84 OInternational average 83 OIran, Islamic Republic of 83 OMorocco 83 OSweden 82 OSaudi Arabia 82 OItaly 81 OPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 78 qMacedonia, Republic of 78 qCyprus 77 qIndonesia 77 qChile 76 qLebanon 76 qPhilippines 69 qBotswana 67 qEgypt 59 qSouth Africa 51 qGhana 39 q

Content Domain Page

Earth Science

B01 LayersofEarth 3

B05 Elevationdiagramofwind/temperature 4

D03 Contourmapshowingriver 5

F05 Oxygenequipmentonmountaintops 6

H03 Whymoonshines 7

H04 Diagramofsoillayers 8

J01 Earth’splatesovermillionsofyears 9

J06 FactorexplainingseasonsonEarth 10

J09 Lifeonotherplanets 11

R04 Atmosphericconditionsinjets 12

Z02 Diagramofrainfromsea 13

Life Science

B04 Pulse/breathingrateafterexercise 14

D05 Sensorymessagestothebrain 15

D06 Seeddevelopmentfromplantpart 16

F01 Characteristicofmammal 17

F03 Interpretationofsenses 18

H01 NOTafunctionofblood 19

H02 Roleofvitamins 20

J02 Featuresharedbyallinsects 21

J07 Reasonforproteinindiet 22

L02 Largeleavesonseedlings 23

L03 Physicalcharacteristicofprey 24

L05 Wolvesmarkingterritory 25

L08 Completefoodweb 26

N02 Foodweb:effectofcropfailure 27

N03 Bacteriatoconvertmilktoyogurt 28

N05 Bonemealforplantgrowth 29

N06 Definitionoftissue 30

N08 Mammals/lizardslivingincoldregions 31

P03 Treegrowth 32

P04 Hibernatinganimals 33

P06 Digestioninstomach 34

R03D Twooutcomesofintroducingnewspecies 35

X02A Importanceoftrees/suninrainforest 36

X02B Importanceoftrees/suninrainforest 37

Content Domain Page

Physics

B02 Energyreleasedfromcarengine 38

B03 Greatestdensityfrommass/volumetable 39

B06 Colorreflectingmostlight 40

D01 Lightraysthroughmagnifyingglass 41

D02 Magneticsubstances 42

D04 Sequenceofenergychanges 43

F02 Whylight-coloredclothesarecooler 44

H05 Energystoredinfood 45

J04 Evaporationratebysurfacearea 46

J05 Gravityactingonrocket 47

J08 Sunscreentoprotectagainstradiation 48

L01 Rotatingforcesonwheel 49

L04 Efficiencyofmachines 50

N01 Completecircuits 51

N09 Balancing10and5literbuckets 52

N10 Flashlightswithwhite/blackreflectors 53

P01 Determinationofspeedfromgraph 54

P02 Amountoflightonwallandceiling 55

R02 Appearanceofreddressingreenlight 56

X01 Conversionofelectrical/lightenergy 57

Z03 Heatexpansionofballoons 58

Chemistry

F06 Bestreasonforpaintingironsurfaces 59

H06 Burningwoodabsorbs/releasesenergy 60

J03 Compounds,moleculesandatoms 61

L06 Filtrationofmixtures 62

N07 Exampleofchemicalreaction 63

R05 Smallpiecesofwoodburnfaster 64

Z01A Galvanizationofsteel 65

Z01D Galvanizationofsteel 66

Environmental and Resource Issues

F04 Areawheresoiliswashedaway 67

L07 Effectivenessofinsecticides 68

P05D Tworeasonsforfamine 69

R06 Resultofglobalwarming 70

Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science

N04 Evaporationofvinegarandoil 71

P07 Replicationofmeasurements 72

R01 Bacteria/moldexperiment 73

X03 Heartrateexperimentdesign 74

Item Index 1999

Content Domain Page

Chemistry

S032057 Litmustest 75

S012003 Fanningawoodfire 77

S022188 Reactionsreleasingenergy 78

S022198 Chemicalchangeinvolvingelements 79

S022191 Candlesburningin3jars 80

S022187 NOTamixture 85

S032564 Solutionhalfasconcentrated 86

S032574 Whichsubstancesareelements 87

S032709 Metalcrown:densityofmetalblock 88

S012016 Substancetypeofblack/white powder 91

S022206 Reactionofchlorineandsodium 92

S032562 Separationofsalt/sand/ironfilingsmixture 93

S032713A Metalcrown:whatmetalblock 98wasmadeof

S032713B Metalcrown:whatcrownwasmadeof 101

S012040 Atomsremovedfromchair 104

S012025 Particlesinnucleusofatom 105

S022202 Neutralatomgainselectron 106

Earth Science

S022283 AppearanceofJupiterandMoon 107

S032437 Whythemoonchangesshape 109

S032532 Positionofthemoonduringsolareclipse 110

S032714 Directiondroppedballwillfall 112

S032150 Sunisanexampleofastar 113

S032301 ThesurfacetemperaturesofVenusandMercury 114

S012013 Truestatementofmountainage 115

S032656 PacificRingofFire 116

S012018 SubstanceNOTafossilfuel 117

S012041 Rockatbottomoflake/ocean 118

S022074 Fossilfuels 119

S012027 Time/temperaturetable 120

S032652 Mapoftheworldwithlinesoflatitude 121

S012030 Stoneinundergroundcaves 122

S022275 Abundanceofgasesinatmosphere 123

S012006 Changesinrivershape/speed 124

Content Domain Page

Environmental Science

S012017 Increasedcarbondioxide inatmosphere 125

S022240 Maincauseofacidrain 126

S032446 Activitytoreduceairpollutioninacity 127

S012042 Nonrenewablenaturalresource 128

S032242 Renewableenergysource 129

S032422 Groupofrenewableenergysources 131

S012005 Overgrazingbylivestock 132

S022088A Positive/negativeeffectofdam 133

S022088B Positive/negativeeffectofdam 137

S032063 Drinkingwaterfromseawater 141

Life Science

S012038 Mainfunctionofredbloodcells 144

S022235 Plantgrowthexperiment 145

S032083 Fossilsinsedimentaryrock 146

S032706A GalapagosIslands:comparebeakdepthsofSpecies1and2 147

S032706B GalapagosIslands:sizeofseedseachspecieseats 151

S032707 GalapagosIslands:graphsofbeakdepthsforSpecies3and4 155

S032704 GalapagosIslands:plants/animalsinhabitedislandfirst 158

S032705A GalapagosIslands:effectofcats 160

S032705B GalapagosIslands:effectofgoats 162

S032682 Elementsthatmakeupanimalsandplants 164

S032202 Communityofmice,snakesandwheatplants 165

S032637 Leafyvegetablesimportantforhumanhealth 168

S022154 Transmissionofcoldinclassroom 169

S012026 Soninheritstraits 171

S012039 Traitstransferredfromgenerations 172

S022117 Biologicalcontrolofinsectpopulation 173

S032008 Fertilizationinanimals 174

S022152 Bodilyprocesstopreventoverheating 175

S022160 Advantageofhavingtwoears 177

S012001 OrganNOTinabdomen 179

S012014 Messagefromeyestobrain 180

Item Index 2003

Content Domain Page

Life Science (continued)

S032386 Absorptionoffoodintothebloodstream 181

S032607 Fishorganlikehumanlung 182

S022161 Howglasses/contactlenseswork 183

S012028 Characteristicsofanimalgroups 185

S032595 Catsmostcloselyrelatedtowhichanimal 186

Physics

S022035 Polesoncutmagnet 187

S012037 Diagramofbatteriesinaflashlight 189

S032625A Compassplacednexttoamagnet/draw 190

S032625B Compassplacednexttoamagnet/explain 192

S012002 Storedenergyintwosprings 195

S032131 Nailpulledoutofawoodenboard 196

S022040 Pathofballreleasedfromorbit 198

S032281 Whyheliumballoonmovesupward 199

S032712A Metalcrown:whyscientistsrepeatedmeasurement 200

S032712B Metalcrown:determinationofaverage/medianvalue 203

S022041 Extrapolationofdistance/timegraph 206

S022222 Controlledexperimentwithcart 207

S022286 Datatrendofmassesonspring 208

S032711 Metalcrown:proceduretofindvolumeofcrown 212

S022225 Thermometerscaleforboilingwater 217

S012004 Seeingpersoninadarkroom 218

S022058 Angleofreflectedlightray 219

S032375 Sunlightthroughaglassprism 220

S032626 Lightningseenbeforethunderheard 223

S012015 Candlepositionreflectedongrid 225

S012029 Shadowsizefromdistancediagram 226

S022279 Brushreflectedinmirroratangle 227

S032055 Wettoweldriesinthesun 230

Item Index 2003

2003 (continued)Physics (continued)S032711 Metal crown: procedure to find volume of crownS022225 Thermometer scale for boiling waterS012004 Seeing person in a dark roomS022058 Angle of reflected light rayS032375 Sunlight through a glass prismS032626 Lightning seen before thunder heardS012015 Candle position reflected on gridS012029 Shadow size from distance diagramS022279 Brush reflected in mirror at angleS032055 Wet towel dries in the sun

Item Index 1999Item Index 2003

Documents

Content Domain Main Topic Cognitive Domain PhysICs ......212 Content Domain Main Topic Cognitive Domain Overall Percent Correct Country average vs. International average: Higher p