Training of the Trainers (TOT) report- Nasik for the Consultancy service for preparation of training module for Plumbers covering connection of households to Sewerage and Septic tanks

Submitted by

Project Manager Asia Society for Social Improvement and Sustainable

Transformation (ASSIST)

Submitted on

3 Aug 2013

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Contents

1. Introduction 3

2. Purpose of the training 4

3. Proceedings of the training 5

Annexure 1: Attendance sheet 24

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1. Introduction:

According to Census 2011, 81.4% of the total urban households have toilet facilities within the

premises. 11% defecate in the open and the rest are dependent on shared or community toilets.

Around a fifth of the households do not have access to a drainage network, two-fifths connected

to open drains, and only 32.7% households are connected to sewer system. Around 35% of the

estimated sewerage generated in Class I & II Cities is treated (“Status of Water Supply,

Wastewater Generation and Treatment in Class-I Cities & Class-II Towns of India”, CPCB,

2009). More than 37% of the total human excreta generated in urban India, is unsafely disposed.

Poor sanitation adversely affects the urban poor (22% of total urban population), women, children

and the elderly by imposing significant health and environmental costs on urban areas that

contribute more than 60% of India’s GDP.

The “National Urban Sanitation Policy” (NUSP) adopted by Ministry of Urban Development

(MoUD)-Government of India in October 2008 indicates its strong will to achieve the urban

sanitation goals of the second World Water Decade (WWD) “Water for Life” (2005-2015). It

is one of the core elements of the MDGs – to secure ecological sustainability as well as improving

the health and hygienic conditions of the poor and women. NUSP is driven by the 74th

Constitutional Amendment Act (1992) strengthening the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) towards (a)

Awareness generation and behaviour change, (b) Achieving open defecation free cities and

(c) Integrated city-wide sanitation. Particular focus lies in the improvement of hygienic

conditions for the urban poor (pro-poor approach) and for women by applying cost-efficient

technologies. Since, the impacts of poor sanitation are especially significant for the urban poor,

women, children and the elderly.

All states are expected to follow the National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP) and develop

respective State Sanitation Strategies. The development of these strategies can happen parallel

to the preparation of the City Sanitation Plan (CSP), which by this has pilot character and requires

strong interaction with the respective state government nodal agencies entrusted with the

responsibility of providing sanitation. The Municipalities have to plan for achieving 100%

sanitation, by identifying adequate funding sources, financing mechanisms and options,

introduction of rationalised tariff systems and user charges for long term sustainability and shall

also explore the possibilities for Private Public Partnerships (PPP) for effective implementation.

The role of capacity building and training is crucial in achieving and sustaining 100%

sanitation. In the previous decades the role of ULBs w.r.t to utility services got transferred to

parastatal organizations such as PHED. In the backdrop of 74th constitutional amendment NUSP

reiterates the process of sanitation related utility management and encourages ULBs to regain

ownership of the same. However lack of human resources and capacities problems to

hamper this process, which necessities the mapping of lack of capacities and

strengthening of the same by means of training, recruiting manpower, organisational

restructuring and establishment of Standard Operating Procedures. Plumbers constitute a

major proposition of ground staff and are important as they are the crucial workforce in

implementation, operation and maintenance of water related infrastructure. Hence it is

necessary to train that cadre and help them update their knowledge and skills on current

practices so that the service delivery could be improved.

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How project fits into the background

In October 2008, to address the issues of urban sanitation, Ministry of Urban Development

(MoUD), Government of India adopted “National Urban Sanitation Policy” (NUSP). NUSP

incorporates a paradigm shift based on the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act (1992) to

strengthen Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and follows integrated concepts in the design and

implementation of sanitation strategies.

Deutsche Gesellschaftfür international Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) under its new programme on

“Advisory support to the National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP)” supports the Ministry of

Urban Development (MoUD), Government of India in the afore mentioned policy guideline.

As a part of this, GIZ supports the following cities (Kochi, Tirupathi, Nasik, Raipur, Varanasi,

Shimla, Dewas, Mysore, Vasai Virar and Vikarabad) and States (Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh,

Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh). The

various components supported are:

a) Support to the implementation of CSPs through preparation and support for practical

interventions in line with CSPs.

b) Support to development of State Sanitation Strategies (SSS) through preparation /

strengthening state strategies

c) Support to school sanitation – involves programmatic support to the National School

Sanitation Initiative (NSSI) implemented India wide in co-operation with Ministry of

Human Resource Development (MoHRD)

The role of capacity building and training is crucial in achieving and sustaining 100% sanitation.

However lack of human resources and capacities problems in ULBs is hampering them from full

filling their role in design & implementation of sanitation strategies.

To address this lack of human resource and capacities problem, GIZ strategized to develop a

comprehensive training material targeted towards engineers, trainers and plumbers in ULBs. In

view of this GIZ has contracted ASSIST to develop a training material covering connectivity

issues between household and public sewerage / septic tank. The Training Material was

developed after field assessment, discussion with key stakeholder and expert interviews.

The Training of the Trainers (ToT) organised in Shimla is a Part of consultancy service rendered

by ASSIST to GIZ under the above mentioned Sanitation Program.

2. Purpose of the training

The TOT in Shimla was organized by GIZ and ASSIST in collaboration with Government

Industrial Training Institute with the following objective

To educate Trainers from key ITI institutions, Engineers from local government bodies on

the appropriate training approaches / tools to adopted when they train plumbers using

Plumbers Manual developed.

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To interact and transfer knowledge on the emerging trends, technology and practices

associated with plumbing with specific focus on connections between building to septic

tank and / or Public sewerage system.

To gather feedbacks from plumbers, Government Industrial Training Institute instructors

and GIZ on the draft Plumbers manual developed by ASSIST

3. Proceedings of the training

Training title TOT

Date 6 August 2013 and 7 August 2013

Location Shimla

Hosting Institution Government Industrial Training Institute

Trainers Mr.Gnanasekaran Ms.TaveshiManohar

GIZ Experts Mr.JitendraM. Yadav – Expert Mr. Vibor Sood - Expert

No of Participants 23

Profile of Trainees ITI Trainers / course coordinators / Instructors Assist Professors from Engineering colleges Junior Engineers / Assist Engineers/ Section Engineers Consultants

TOT Proceedings (30 July,13)

Day 1 – 06.08.13

Inaugural Session (9:30 – 10:30)

Introduction and welcome address:

The inaugural function was presided by Mr. Mohinder Singh, Principal, Govt. ITI, Shimla.

Mr. Vibor Sood and Mr. Jiten Yadav from GIZ attended the meeting. Together with the participants, staff

of the institution and students attended the function.

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Mr. K.K. Sharma, Group instructor, ITI, Shimla, welcomed the Principal,

GIZ representatives, Members from ASSIST, Participants, Staff and

Students for the inaugural session of the TOT programme.

Mr. Vibor Sood and Mr.Jiten Yadav highlighted the role of GIZ on the

Assistance to NUSP of MoUD by training the plumbers on good plumbing

Practices by way of bringing out a module on disposal of household sewage

And imparting training to plumbers. The TOT for the instructors will enable them to understand the new

trend and methodology of teaching in addition to the good plumbing practices in the disposal of

domestic sewage.

The Principal, Mr. Mohinder singh, appreciated the role of GIZ on bringing out the module on plumbing

on sewage disposal and training plumbers on the best plumbing practices. He also recalled how the

participants interacted during the plumber training programme few weeks ago. He advised the

participants – the instructors to learn the methodology of teaching together with the technical aspects

and adopt the same and produce quality plumbers.

He introduced the facilitators from ASSIST.

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Methodology Session 1 (10:30 – 12:00)

Introduction by facilitator:

Ms. Taveshi from ASSIST explained the methodology involved in training people through power point

presentation. The key points explained are presented below:

1. The needs for training

2. Elements of learning

3. Important Training concepts

4. Know your audience

5. Interaction

6. Adult learning principles

7. Use repetition to encourage remembering.

8. Be prepared to train.

9. Manage the training

10. Interactive training sessions

11. Make it memorable

12. Overcome your fear of training

13. What you should do when your mind goes blank.

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14. Effective communication

15. Seven Principles to deliver Training Effectively.

The participants interacted on each point and the session was lively.

Technical Session 2 (12:00 – 13:00)

Introduction by facilitator:

Mr. K. Gnanasekaran from ASSIST briefed the participants about the contents of the module on

connectivity of sewage to any disposal system.

Few copies of the Draft Plumbing Module with particular reference to household sewage connectivity to

septic tank and sewerage system handed over to the participants for reference.

The participants were requested to educate their student plumbers on good plumbing practices which

are to be discussed for better environment & Hygiene.

The discussion was commenced with power point presentation on BASIC CONCEPTS OF PLUMBING as

per the soft copy attached.

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A brief heading under this topics are as below:

Subjects Brief Points

1. Case study The participants were requested to observe the case study photo and comment.

2. Importance of Plumbing

What is plumbing and the role of a quality plumber. Impact on environment, sanitation and health hazard.

Methodology in Case study:

1. The participants were requested to observe the case study photo and comment. The comments

given by the participants were written on the white board and each point discussed.

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2. A video on health hazard caused by improper plumbing was shown to make the participants to

understand well the essence of quality plumbing.

3. The theoretical session was using interactive training methods

1 – 2 Pm - Lunch provided by the institute.

Session 3 (14:00 – 15:30)

The discussion was commenced with power point presentation on INTRODUCTION TO SEWERAGE

SYSTEM as per the soft copy attached.

A brief heading under this topics are as below:

Subjects Brief Points

1. Case study The participants were requested to observe the case study photo and comment.

2. Introduction to sewerage system

What is sewage & sewerage. Types of pipe system in drainage piping. Trap seal, Gully trap and ventilating system.

3. Cross connections What is cross connection? How to avoid cross connection. Atmospheric and pressure vacuum breakers.

4. Water conservation Tips for water conservation. Water saving fixtures.

5. Green Plumbing Concept. LEED certificates. Black water and Grey water.

6. Questions and discussions

Participants’ interaction.

Methodology in Case study:

1. The participants were requested to observe the case study photo and comment. The comments

given by the participants were written on the white board and each point discussed.

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The theoretical session was using interactive training methods. The participants interacted on the two

pipe system and one pipe system.

Session 4 (15:30 – 17:00)

The discussion was commenced with power point presentation on CONNECTING HOUSEHOLD SEWAGE

TO SEWERAGE SYSTEM as per the soft copy attached.

A brief heading under this topics are as below:

Subjects Brief Points

1. Case study and discussion

The participants were requested to form four groups and observe the case study photo and write their comment on the chart paper and present .

2. Basic Definitions High Altitudes, Sub Zero Temperature Regions, Frost line and insulation to pipes etc.

3. Building sewage and its components

Building Drain, Building sewer, Types of sewerage Systems and Manhole etc.

4. Connecting Building Drain to Public Sewer

Conventional, Shallow and Small Bore Sewer Connections. Pipes used in sewer connections, Intercepting traps and Anti Flood Valves etc.

5. Quick Test/ Recap Two groups among the participants as True men & False Guys were formed.

6. Questions and discussions

Participants’ interaction.

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Case Study:

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The theoretical session was using interactive training methods.

To recap the points learnt, a quick test was conducted forming two groups. One is called True man and

the other was called as false guy. The participants were asked write answers whether true or false and

the answers discussed.

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Day 2 – 07.08.13

Session 5 (9:30 – 11:00)

The discussion was commenced with power point presentation on CONNECTING HOUSEHOLD SEWAGE

TO SEPTIC TANK as per the soft copy attached.

A brief heading under this topics are as below:

Subjects Brief Points

1. Case study and discussion

The participants were requested to form four groups and observe the case study photo and write their comment on the chart paper and present. ARTSCAPE

2. Individual Disposal System

Leaching Cess pool, Collection well and septic tank with effluent disposal arrangement.

3. Septic Tanks Basic Definitions

Inlet Out let and Vent Pipe. Location of Septic Tank.

4. Impact of high altitude Conditions prevailing – Low Temperature, Low Pressure

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on sewerage disposal.

5. Connecting Building Drain to Septic Tank

Points to be taken care in hilly areas

1. Case Study 1 – ARTSCAPE – Here the participants formed in four groups were requested to

observe the picture; draw the picture in the chart paper provided correctly pointing out the

mistakes. They should present their points.

The participants engaged with more enthusiasm and presented their findings well.

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2. Case Study 2 was an interactive method wherein the participants talked about the technical

point in detail.

3. The theoretical session was using interactive training methods.

Session 6 (11:15 – 13:00)

The discussion with power point presentation on CONNECTING HOUSEHOLD SEWAGE TO SEPTIC TANK

was continued.

A brief heading under this topics are as below:

Subjects Brief Points

1. Choosing Type and size of Septic Tank

Selection of Type – Single or Double compartment Septic tanks and standard sizes up to 20, 50, 100 and more than 100 users. – BULL’S EYE

2. Septic Tank Construction – Plumbers point of view

Single and Double compartment Septic tanks. Precast Septic tanks and standard sizes up to 20, 50, 100 and more than 100 users. Points to be taken care in hilly region.

3. Disposal of Septic Tank Effluent.

Percolation Test, Soak pit, Dispersion trench. Biological Filters and up flow Anaerobic Filters.

4. Quick Test/ Recap Two groups among the participants formed under WE LEARNT and discussed the points under quick test.

5. Questions and discussions

Participants’ interaction.

1. Choosing Type and size of Septic Tank – The sizes of Septic tanks for 10, 20, 50 and 100 users

were displayed. The participants were allowed to watch and take notes on the sizes. Each group

of participants under the four groups already formed selected one size of Septic tank from the

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concentric circles drawn on the ground known as BULL’S EYE. Each group was made to talk

about the size of septic tank selected by them.

This will make them remember the sizes of Septic tank

2. The quick test/recap was done as WE LEARNT wherein the participants in two groups put

question to the other group and the answer discussed.

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Session 7 (14:00 – 15:30)

The discussion with power point presentation on CONNECTIONS TO NEWLY INTRODUCED PSS

A brief heading under this topics are as below:

Subjects Brief Points

1. Case study The case study was discussed through interaction.

2. Alteration to building drain to PSS

Two groups formed as DRAIN MAN & MAN DRAIN and discussed the options when a new sewerage scheme is introduced in a town.

3. Option 1 - Delink

4. Option 2 Septic Tank as Interceptor Tank

1. Case study – thro interaction

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2. Alteration to building drain to PSS - Two groups formed as DRAIN MAN & MAN DRAIN and

discussed the options when a new sewerage scheme is introduced in a town.

3. The theoretical session was presented thro power point and using interactive training

methods.

Session 8 (15:45 – 16:30)

The session was open to the participants to ask questions on the deliveries made and particular

problems they face in plumbing. The discussion was quite interesting.

The talked about the single stack system and one pipe system. Some of the participants were very much

interested in the design of septic tanks. A brief discussion was done on the subject.

Feedback report was obtained from all the participants.

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Closing Ceremony (16:30 – 17:30)

The Principal presided over the function. He gave a brief summary on two days lecture and new

methodology on teaching. He advised the participants to go to their work place and implement what are

they have learnt. He thanked GIZ and ASSIST for their efforts in bringing out the programme to success.

Mr. Vibor Sood and Mr. Jiten Yadav thanked the Director of Technical Education, HP, The principal and

staff of the institution for their contribution in conducting such programme.

Two participants spoke on this occasion about the conduct of the programme and about the new topics

they have learnt. They thanked GIZ and ASSIST.

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Certificates were issued to the participants by the Principal

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A group photo was arranged as below:

The function came to an end with vote of thanks by Mr.K.K.Sharma and National anthem.

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4. Annexure

Annexure 1 - Attendance sheet

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