Training of the Trainers (TOT) report- Nasik for the Consultancy service for preparation of training module for Plumbers covering connection of households to Sewerage and Septic tanks
Submitted by
Project Manager Asia Society for Social Improvement and Sustainable
Transformation (ASSIST)
Submitted on
3 Aug 2013
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Contents
1. Introduction 3
2. Purpose of the training 4
3. Proceedings of the training 5
Annexure 1: Attendance sheet 24
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1. Introduction:
According to Census 2011, 81.4% of the total urban households have toilet facilities within the
premises. 11% defecate in the open and the rest are dependent on shared or community toilets.
Around a fifth of the households do not have access to a drainage network, two-fifths connected
to open drains, and only 32.7% households are connected to sewer system. Around 35% of the
estimated sewerage generated in Class I & II Cities is treated (“Status of Water Supply,
Wastewater Generation and Treatment in Class-I Cities & Class-II Towns of India”, CPCB,
2009). More than 37% of the total human excreta generated in urban India, is unsafely disposed.
Poor sanitation adversely affects the urban poor (22% of total urban population), women, children
and the elderly by imposing significant health and environmental costs on urban areas that
contribute more than 60% of India’s GDP.
The “National Urban Sanitation Policy” (NUSP) adopted by Ministry of Urban Development
(MoUD)-Government of India in October 2008 indicates its strong will to achieve the urban
sanitation goals of the second World Water Decade (WWD) “Water for Life” (2005-2015). It
is one of the core elements of the MDGs – to secure ecological sustainability as well as improving
the health and hygienic conditions of the poor and women. NUSP is driven by the 74th
Constitutional Amendment Act (1992) strengthening the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) towards (a)
Awareness generation and behaviour change, (b) Achieving open defecation free cities and
(c) Integrated city-wide sanitation. Particular focus lies in the improvement of hygienic
conditions for the urban poor (pro-poor approach) and for women by applying cost-efficient
technologies. Since, the impacts of poor sanitation are especially significant for the urban poor,
women, children and the elderly.
All states are expected to follow the National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP) and develop
respective State Sanitation Strategies. The development of these strategies can happen parallel
to the preparation of the City Sanitation Plan (CSP), which by this has pilot character and requires
strong interaction with the respective state government nodal agencies entrusted with the
responsibility of providing sanitation. The Municipalities have to plan for achieving 100%
sanitation, by identifying adequate funding sources, financing mechanisms and options,
introduction of rationalised tariff systems and user charges for long term sustainability and shall
also explore the possibilities for Private Public Partnerships (PPP) for effective implementation.
The role of capacity building and training is crucial in achieving and sustaining 100%
sanitation. In the previous decades the role of ULBs w.r.t to utility services got transferred to
parastatal organizations such as PHED. In the backdrop of 74th constitutional amendment NUSP
reiterates the process of sanitation related utility management and encourages ULBs to regain
ownership of the same. However lack of human resources and capacities problems to
hamper this process, which necessities the mapping of lack of capacities and
strengthening of the same by means of training, recruiting manpower, organisational
restructuring and establishment of Standard Operating Procedures. Plumbers constitute a
major proposition of ground staff and are important as they are the crucial workforce in
implementation, operation and maintenance of water related infrastructure. Hence it is
necessary to train that cadre and help them update their knowledge and skills on current
practices so that the service delivery could be improved.
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How project fits into the background
In October 2008, to address the issues of urban sanitation, Ministry of Urban Development
(MoUD), Government of India adopted “National Urban Sanitation Policy” (NUSP). NUSP
incorporates a paradigm shift based on the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act (1992) to
strengthen Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and follows integrated concepts in the design and
implementation of sanitation strategies.
Deutsche Gesellschaftfür international Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) under its new programme on
“Advisory support to the National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP)” supports the Ministry of
Urban Development (MoUD), Government of India in the afore mentioned policy guideline.
As a part of this, GIZ supports the following cities (Kochi, Tirupathi, Nasik, Raipur, Varanasi,
Shimla, Dewas, Mysore, Vasai Virar and Vikarabad) and States (Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh,
Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh). The
various components supported are:
a) Support to the implementation of CSPs through preparation and support for practical
interventions in line with CSPs.
b) Support to development of State Sanitation Strategies (SSS) through preparation /
strengthening state strategies
c) Support to school sanitation – involves programmatic support to the National School
Sanitation Initiative (NSSI) implemented India wide in co-operation with Ministry of
Human Resource Development (MoHRD)
The role of capacity building and training is crucial in achieving and sustaining 100% sanitation.
However lack of human resources and capacities problems in ULBs is hampering them from full
filling their role in design & implementation of sanitation strategies.
To address this lack of human resource and capacities problem, GIZ strategized to develop a
comprehensive training material targeted towards engineers, trainers and plumbers in ULBs. In
view of this GIZ has contracted ASSIST to develop a training material covering connectivity
issues between household and public sewerage / septic tank. The Training Material was
developed after field assessment, discussion with key stakeholder and expert interviews.
The Training of the Trainers (ToT) organised in Shimla is a Part of consultancy service rendered
by ASSIST to GIZ under the above mentioned Sanitation Program.
2. Purpose of the training
The TOT in Shimla was organized by GIZ and ASSIST in collaboration with Government
Industrial Training Institute with the following objective
To educate Trainers from key ITI institutions, Engineers from local government bodies on
the appropriate training approaches / tools to adopted when they train plumbers using
Plumbers Manual developed.
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To interact and transfer knowledge on the emerging trends, technology and practices
associated with plumbing with specific focus on connections between building to septic
tank and / or Public sewerage system.
To gather feedbacks from plumbers, Government Industrial Training Institute instructors
and GIZ on the draft Plumbers manual developed by ASSIST
3. Proceedings of the training
Training title TOT
Date 6 August 2013 and 7 August 2013
Location Shimla
Hosting Institution Government Industrial Training Institute
Trainers Mr.Gnanasekaran Ms.TaveshiManohar
GIZ Experts Mr.JitendraM. Yadav – Expert Mr. Vibor Sood - Expert
No of Participants 23
Profile of Trainees ITI Trainers / course coordinators / Instructors Assist Professors from Engineering colleges Junior Engineers / Assist Engineers/ Section Engineers Consultants
TOT Proceedings (30 July,13)
Day 1 – 06.08.13
Inaugural Session (9:30 – 10:30)
Introduction and welcome address:
The inaugural function was presided by Mr. Mohinder Singh, Principal, Govt. ITI, Shimla.
Mr. Vibor Sood and Mr. Jiten Yadav from GIZ attended the meeting. Together with the participants, staff
of the institution and students attended the function.
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Mr. K.K. Sharma, Group instructor, ITI, Shimla, welcomed the Principal,
GIZ representatives, Members from ASSIST, Participants, Staff and
Students for the inaugural session of the TOT programme.
Mr. Vibor Sood and Mr.Jiten Yadav highlighted the role of GIZ on the
Assistance to NUSP of MoUD by training the plumbers on good plumbing
Practices by way of bringing out a module on disposal of household sewage
And imparting training to plumbers. The TOT for the instructors will enable them to understand the new
trend and methodology of teaching in addition to the good plumbing practices in the disposal of
domestic sewage.
The Principal, Mr. Mohinder singh, appreciated the role of GIZ on bringing out the module on plumbing
on sewage disposal and training plumbers on the best plumbing practices. He also recalled how the
participants interacted during the plumber training programme few weeks ago. He advised the
participants – the instructors to learn the methodology of teaching together with the technical aspects
and adopt the same and produce quality plumbers.
He introduced the facilitators from ASSIST.
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Methodology Session 1 (10:30 – 12:00)
Introduction by facilitator:
Ms. Taveshi from ASSIST explained the methodology involved in training people through power point
presentation. The key points explained are presented below:
1. The needs for training
2. Elements of learning
3. Important Training concepts
4. Know your audience
5. Interaction
6. Adult learning principles
7. Use repetition to encourage remembering.
8. Be prepared to train.
9. Manage the training
10. Interactive training sessions
11. Make it memorable
12. Overcome your fear of training
13. What you should do when your mind goes blank.
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14. Effective communication
15. Seven Principles to deliver Training Effectively.
The participants interacted on each point and the session was lively.
Technical Session 2 (12:00 – 13:00)
Introduction by facilitator:
Mr. K. Gnanasekaran from ASSIST briefed the participants about the contents of the module on
connectivity of sewage to any disposal system.
Few copies of the Draft Plumbing Module with particular reference to household sewage connectivity to
septic tank and sewerage system handed over to the participants for reference.
The participants were requested to educate their student plumbers on good plumbing practices which
are to be discussed for better environment & Hygiene.
The discussion was commenced with power point presentation on BASIC CONCEPTS OF PLUMBING as
per the soft copy attached.
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A brief heading under this topics are as below:
Subjects Brief Points
1. Case study The participants were requested to observe the case study photo and comment.
2. Importance of Plumbing
What is plumbing and the role of a quality plumber. Impact on environment, sanitation and health hazard.
Methodology in Case study:
1. The participants were requested to observe the case study photo and comment. The comments
given by the participants were written on the white board and each point discussed.
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2. A video on health hazard caused by improper plumbing was shown to make the participants to
understand well the essence of quality plumbing.
3. The theoretical session was using interactive training methods
1 – 2 Pm - Lunch provided by the institute.
Session 3 (14:00 – 15:30)
The discussion was commenced with power point presentation on INTRODUCTION TO SEWERAGE
SYSTEM as per the soft copy attached.
A brief heading under this topics are as below:
Subjects Brief Points
1. Case study The participants were requested to observe the case study photo and comment.
2. Introduction to sewerage system
What is sewage & sewerage. Types of pipe system in drainage piping. Trap seal, Gully trap and ventilating system.
3. Cross connections What is cross connection? How to avoid cross connection. Atmospheric and pressure vacuum breakers.
4. Water conservation Tips for water conservation. Water saving fixtures.
5. Green Plumbing Concept. LEED certificates. Black water and Grey water.
6. Questions and discussions
Participants’ interaction.
Methodology in Case study:
1. The participants were requested to observe the case study photo and comment. The comments
given by the participants were written on the white board and each point discussed.
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The theoretical session was using interactive training methods. The participants interacted on the two
pipe system and one pipe system.
Session 4 (15:30 – 17:00)
The discussion was commenced with power point presentation on CONNECTING HOUSEHOLD SEWAGE
TO SEWERAGE SYSTEM as per the soft copy attached.
A brief heading under this topics are as below:
Subjects Brief Points
1. Case study and discussion
The participants were requested to form four groups and observe the case study photo and write their comment on the chart paper and present .
2. Basic Definitions High Altitudes, Sub Zero Temperature Regions, Frost line and insulation to pipes etc.
3. Building sewage and its components
Building Drain, Building sewer, Types of sewerage Systems and Manhole etc.
4. Connecting Building Drain to Public Sewer
Conventional, Shallow and Small Bore Sewer Connections. Pipes used in sewer connections, Intercepting traps and Anti Flood Valves etc.
5. Quick Test/ Recap Two groups among the participants as True men & False Guys were formed.
6. Questions and discussions
Participants’ interaction.
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Case Study:
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The theoretical session was using interactive training methods.
To recap the points learnt, a quick test was conducted forming two groups. One is called True man and
the other was called as false guy. The participants were asked write answers whether true or false and
the answers discussed.
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Day 2 – 07.08.13
Session 5 (9:30 – 11:00)
The discussion was commenced with power point presentation on CONNECTING HOUSEHOLD SEWAGE
TO SEPTIC TANK as per the soft copy attached.
A brief heading under this topics are as below:
Subjects Brief Points
1. Case study and discussion
The participants were requested to form four groups and observe the case study photo and write their comment on the chart paper and present. ARTSCAPE
2. Individual Disposal System
Leaching Cess pool, Collection well and septic tank with effluent disposal arrangement.
3. Septic Tanks Basic Definitions
Inlet Out let and Vent Pipe. Location of Septic Tank.
4. Impact of high altitude Conditions prevailing – Low Temperature, Low Pressure
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on sewerage disposal.
5. Connecting Building Drain to Septic Tank
Points to be taken care in hilly areas
1. Case Study 1 – ARTSCAPE – Here the participants formed in four groups were requested to
observe the picture; draw the picture in the chart paper provided correctly pointing out the
mistakes. They should present their points.
The participants engaged with more enthusiasm and presented their findings well.
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2. Case Study 2 was an interactive method wherein the participants talked about the technical
point in detail.
3. The theoretical session was using interactive training methods.
Session 6 (11:15 – 13:00)
The discussion with power point presentation on CONNECTING HOUSEHOLD SEWAGE TO SEPTIC TANK
was continued.
A brief heading under this topics are as below:
Subjects Brief Points
1. Choosing Type and size of Septic Tank
Selection of Type – Single or Double compartment Septic tanks and standard sizes up to 20, 50, 100 and more than 100 users. – BULL’S EYE
2. Septic Tank Construction – Plumbers point of view
Single and Double compartment Septic tanks. Precast Septic tanks and standard sizes up to 20, 50, 100 and more than 100 users. Points to be taken care in hilly region.
3. Disposal of Septic Tank Effluent.
Percolation Test, Soak pit, Dispersion trench. Biological Filters and up flow Anaerobic Filters.
4. Quick Test/ Recap Two groups among the participants formed under WE LEARNT and discussed the points under quick test.
5. Questions and discussions
Participants’ interaction.
1. Choosing Type and size of Septic Tank – The sizes of Septic tanks for 10, 20, 50 and 100 users
were displayed. The participants were allowed to watch and take notes on the sizes. Each group
of participants under the four groups already formed selected one size of Septic tank from the
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concentric circles drawn on the ground known as BULL’S EYE. Each group was made to talk
about the size of septic tank selected by them.
This will make them remember the sizes of Septic tank
2. The quick test/recap was done as WE LEARNT wherein the participants in two groups put
question to the other group and the answer discussed.
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Session 7 (14:00 – 15:30)
The discussion with power point presentation on CONNECTIONS TO NEWLY INTRODUCED PSS
A brief heading under this topics are as below:
Subjects Brief Points
1. Case study The case study was discussed through interaction.
2. Alteration to building drain to PSS
Two groups formed as DRAIN MAN & MAN DRAIN and discussed the options when a new sewerage scheme is introduced in a town.
3. Option 1 - Delink
4. Option 2 Septic Tank as Interceptor Tank
1. Case study – thro interaction
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2. Alteration to building drain to PSS - Two groups formed as DRAIN MAN & MAN DRAIN and
discussed the options when a new sewerage scheme is introduced in a town.
3. The theoretical session was presented thro power point and using interactive training
methods.
Session 8 (15:45 – 16:30)
The session was open to the participants to ask questions on the deliveries made and particular
problems they face in plumbing. The discussion was quite interesting.
The talked about the single stack system and one pipe system. Some of the participants were very much
interested in the design of septic tanks. A brief discussion was done on the subject.
Feedback report was obtained from all the participants.
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Closing Ceremony (16:30 – 17:30)
The Principal presided over the function. He gave a brief summary on two days lecture and new
methodology on teaching. He advised the participants to go to their work place and implement what are
they have learnt. He thanked GIZ and ASSIST for their efforts in bringing out the programme to success.
Mr. Vibor Sood and Mr. Jiten Yadav thanked the Director of Technical Education, HP, The principal and
staff of the institution for their contribution in conducting such programme.
Two participants spoke on this occasion about the conduct of the programme and about the new topics
they have learnt. They thanked GIZ and ASSIST.
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Certificates were issued to the participants by the Principal
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A group photo was arranged as below:
The function came to an end with vote of thanks by Mr.K.K.Sharma and National anthem.
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4. Annexure
Annexure 1 - Attendance sheet
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