Conservation Conservation of Energyof Energy

Small Changes Small Changes Make Make

a Big Difference!a Big Difference!

SVN 3MSVN 3M

Review of Energy Review of Energy SystemsSystems

11. An Energy System is a device that converts . An Energy System is a device that converts one form of energy into another. T or Fone form of energy into another. T or F

Review of Energy Review of Energy SystemsSystems

11. An Energy System is a device that converts . An Energy System is a device that converts one form of energy into another. T or Fone form of energy into another. T or F

True!!! Example: Lightbulb – converts electric True!!! Example: Lightbulb – converts electric energy into light energy; Kettle – converts energy into light energy; Kettle – converts electrical energy into heat energyelectrical energy into heat energy

Review of Energy Review of Energy SystemsSystems

11. An Energy System is a device that converts . An Energy System is a device that converts one form of energy into another. T or Fone form of energy into another. T or F

True!!! Example: Lightbulb – converts electric True!!! Example: Lightbulb – converts electric energy into light energy; Kettle – converts energy into light energy; Kettle – converts electrical energy into heat energyelectrical energy into heat energy

2. Energy Output is the total amount of energy 2. Energy Output is the total amount of energy released from an energy system. T or Freleased from an energy system. T or F

Review of Energy Review of Energy SystemsSystems

11. An Energy System is a device that converts . An Energy System is a device that converts one form of energy into another. T or Fone form of energy into another. T or F

True!!! Example: Lightbulb – converts electric True!!! Example: Lightbulb – converts electric energy into light energy; Kettle – converts energy into light energy; Kettle – converts electrical energy into heat energyelectrical energy into heat energy

2. Energy Output is the total amount of energy 2. Energy Output is the total amount of energy released from an energy system. T or Freleased from an energy system. T or F

False!!! Energy Output is the amount of False!!! Energy Output is the amount of useful energy obtained from an energy useful energy obtained from an energy system.system.

3. The amount of energy that is not 3. The amount of energy that is not used in operating an energy system is used in operating an energy system is referred to as ‘waste energy’. T or Freferred to as ‘waste energy’. T or F

3. The amount of energy that is not 3. The amount of energy that is not used in operating an energy system is used in operating an energy system is referred to as ‘waste energy’. T or Freferred to as ‘waste energy’. T or F

True!!! Waste Energy = energy True!!! Waste Energy = energy produced that is not useful in the produced that is not useful in the operation of the systemoperation of the system

4. Energy Efficiency is equal to the 4. Energy Efficiency is equal to the energy input divided by the energy energy input divided by the energy output. T or Foutput. T or F

4. Energy Efficiency is equal to the 4. Energy Efficiency is equal to the energy input divided by the energy energy input divided by the energy output. T or Foutput. T or F

False!!! Efficiency equals useful False!!! Efficiency equals useful energy outlet divided by energy used. energy outlet divided by energy used.

Efficiency = Efficiency = E outputE output

E inputE input X 100%X 100%

Example:Example:

Electric KettleElectric Kettle

E Input = 500 000 JE Input = 500 000 J

E Output = 490 000 JE Output = 490 000 J

Efficiency = Efficiency = E OutputE Output

E InputE Input X X 100%100%

= = 490 000490 000

500 000 X 100%500 000 X 100%

= 98 J= 98 J

5. Most of a houses heat is lost through 5. Most of a houses heat is lost through the roof and windows. T or F the roof and windows. T or F

5. Most of a houses heat is lost through 5. Most of a houses heat is lost through the roof and windows. T or Fthe roof and windows. T or F

True!!! True!!!

Red shows where most heat is lost → through the windows and roof - Heat is lost:

- through the roof - through windows - through gaps around the door - through the walls - through the floor

Conservation of EnergyConservation of Energy

Conservation of Energy:Conservation of Energy: the practice of decreasing the quantity

of energy used

Canadians use the 2Canadians use the 2ndnd most energy most energy per capita of any country in the world, per capita of any country in the world, (#1 = USA)(#1 = USA)

Conservation of EnergyConservation of Energy

Conservation of EnergyConservation of Energy

Conservation of Energy:Conservation of Energy:

HOW???HOW???

1.1. Decrease our energy usageDecrease our energy usage (unplug, turn off, etc.)

2.2. Be more energy efficientBe more energy efficient

(appliances, heating, etc.)• Rely on advancing technologies (?)• Increased renewable energy usage (solar,

wind, etc.)• Energy-efficient, environmentally-friendly

buildings

Conservation of Energy:Conservation of Energy:

HOW???HOW???Small changes = a big Small changes = a big

difference!difference!

Examples:Examples:• Light bulbs• Energy-efficient appliances• Heating & cooling our homes

Examples of Energy Conservation:Examples of Energy Conservation:

LIGHT BULBSLIGHT BULBS CFL CFL compact fluorescent lamps compact fluorescent lamps

CFL’s are more expensive, but they are much CFL’s are more expensive, but they are much more efficient more efficient Incandescent light = 5 to 8% converted to light

(the rest is heat)

CFL’s use ¼ of the energy of standard bulbs. CFL’s use ¼ of the energy of standard bulbs. a 15-watt CFL produces the same amount of light

as a 60-watt incandescent bulb. So, the CFL saves 45 watts for every hour the light is on!

CFLs also last longer than standard bulbs: about CFLs also last longer than standard bulbs: about five years in total. five years in total.

In the long run, using CFLs saves people money. In the long run, using CFLs saves people money.

A typical Ontario household consumes A typical Ontario household consumes approximately 850 kilowatt-hours each month, approximately 850 kilowatt-hours each month, about 15% of which is for lighting. The average about 15% of which is for lighting. The average home has about 25 light bulbs. If each household home has about 25 light bulbs. If each household changed just one regularly used incandescent changed just one regularly used incandescent light bulb to an energy-efficient compact light bulb to an energy-efficient compact fluorescent light bulb (CFL), we would save fluorescent light bulb (CFL), we would save enough electricity to power all homes in a large enough electricity to power all homes in a large town for a whole year. town for a whole year.

One CFL bulb saves the energy of 10 incandescent bulbs

FYI

Examples of Energy Conservation:Examples of Energy Conservation:

LIGHT BULBS … FYI:LIGHT BULBS … FYI:

A home with 30 light fixtures using incandescents uses close to $200 of electricity for lighting every year. If that same home replaced the five most-used bulbs with CFLs, it would save about $30 a year.

In 2007, the Government of Canada proposed to ban non-efficient light bulbs by 2012. There are 87 million light bulbs to change in Ontario alone. Changing all of Ontario’s light bulbs over to CFLs will save about 6 million mWh per year. This is enough energy to power 600,000 homes annually!!!

Examples of Energy Conservation:Examples of Energy Conservation:

Computer equipment, ENERGY Computer equipment, ENERGY STAR, and EnerGuideSTAR, and EnerGuide

Cathode ray tubeCathode ray tube (CRT) monitors (CRT) monitors consume about 50% of the energy consume about 50% of the energy used by desktop computers. used by desktop computers.

Replacing a colour CRT with a Replacing a colour CRT with a liquid liquid crystal displaycrystal display (LCD) flat-screen (LCD) flat-screen monitor conserves between 98 and monitor conserves between 98 and 80% of the electricity that the CRT 80% of the electricity that the CRT would have used. would have used.

Computer Monitors:Computer Monitors:

Monitor type listed in Monitor type listed in order of decreasing order of decreasing

energy efficiencyenergy efficiency

Energy efficiency Energy efficiency compared to colour compared to colour

CRT monitorCRT monitor

LCD monochrome backlit LCD monochrome backlit monitormonitor

consumes 2 to 5% of the consumes 2 to 5% of the electricity used by a CRTelectricity used by a CRT

LCD flat screen monitorLCD flat screen monitor consumes 10 to 20% of consumes 10 to 20% of the electricity used by a the electricity used by a

CRTCRT

Monochrome CRT monitorMonochrome CRT monitor consumes 50 to 65% of consumes 50 to 65% of the electricity used by a the electricity used by a

CRTCRT

Efficient Appliances:Efficient Appliances:

Energy Star Label:Energy Star Label: helps us buy the most energy helps us buy the most energy

efficient modelsefficient models tells consumers they are tells consumers they are

buying something that has buying something that has been tested to meet or been tested to meet or exceed high energy exceed high energy efficiency levels. efficiency levels.

There are ENERGY STAR-There are ENERGY STAR-labelled appliances, lights, labelled appliances, lights, office equipment, heating office equipment, heating and cooling equipment, and cooling equipment, electronics, windows and electronics, windows and doors, and homes!doors, and homes!

Efficient Appliances:Efficient Appliances:

EnerGuide SymbolEnerGuide Symbol the Government of the Government of

Canada’s energy-Canada’s energy-efficiency labelefficiency label

an official mark that an official mark that is placed on products is placed on products that are rated the that are rated the best at being energy best at being energy efficient. efficient.

Examples of Energy Conservation:Examples of Energy Conservation:

Heating and Cooling our Homes:Heating and Cooling our Homes: accounts for about 60% of the electricity accounts for about 60% of the electricity

we use. we use.

Programmable Thermostat:Programmable Thermostat: conserve energy by replacing manual

thermostats with programmable ones. adjusts for time of day, when people are

sleeping, or when no one is home. can help save at least 10% on heating bills In 2009, 42% of Canadians used

programmable thermostats.

Examples of Energy Conservation:Examples of Energy Conservation:

Heating and Cooling our Homes:Heating and Cooling our Homes:

Energy Efficient Windows:Energy Efficient Windows: Replacing old windows with energy

efficient ones helps conserve energy used to heat and cool buildings.

reduce energy use 7 to 12% also reduce cold air drafts and noise from

outside

Energy Conservation:Energy Conservation:

BRAINSTORM… What Can We Do?BRAINSTORM… What Can We Do? What are some bad habits that we can

break that can conserve energy? Make a list!!!

How do rechargeable How do rechargeable batteries reduce energy batteries reduce energy consumption?consumption?

over 10 billion batteries are sold in North America over 10 billion batteries are sold in North America yearlyyearly

used batteries are a threat to the environment due to used batteries are a threat to the environment due to their nickel cadmium, lead, and acidic contents and their nickel cadmium, lead, and acidic contents and their need to be disposed of as hazardous wastetheir need to be disposed of as hazardous waste

disposing of batteries as hazardous waste consumes a disposing of batteries as hazardous waste consumes a lot of energylot of energy

there is one company in North America, INMETCO, there is one company in North America, INMETCO, which does recycle nickel cadmium batteries, but that which does recycle nickel cadmium batteries, but that process too requires a lot of energyprocess too requires a lot of energy

some rechargeable batteries, however, can be charged some rechargeable batteries, however, can be charged up to 1000 times preventing thousands of used up to 1000 times preventing thousands of used batteries from becoming waste. batteries from becoming waste.

Rechargeable BatteriesRechargeable Batteries

when a rechargeable battery has when a rechargeable battery has reached the end of its useful lifespan it reached the end of its useful lifespan it can then still be recycledcan then still be recycled

a rechargeable battery helps you reduce a rechargeable battery helps you reduce energy consumption by minimizing energy consumption by minimizing waste processingwaste processing

batteries can usually be dropped off for batteries can usually be dropped off for recycling at participating retailers such recycling at participating retailers such as Sears, The Source, Zellers, Staples, as Sears, The Source, Zellers, Staples, Canadian Tire, and Home DepotCanadian Tire, and Home Depot

How do smart meters reduce How do smart meters reduce energy consumption?energy consumption?

utility companies sometimes have difficulty utility companies sometimes have difficulty meeting the demands for electricity during hours meeting the demands for electricity during hours of peak demandof peak demand

the companies, in an attempt to distribute the use the companies, in an attempt to distribute the use of electricity more evenly throughout the day and of electricity more evenly throughout the day and week, have started to charge a higher rate for week, have started to charge a higher rate for electricity during the peak hourselectricity during the peak hours

people who research the different prices for people who research the different prices for electricity offered by their utilities provider can electricity offered by their utilities provider can achieve savings by operating high energy achieve savings by operating high energy appliances such as dryers, dishwashers, and pool appliances such as dryers, dishwashers, and pool pumps during the low rate hourspumps during the low rate hours

Smart metersSmart meters

smart meter - lets you know when smart meter - lets you know when electricity demand is high or low so electricity demand is high or low so that you can adjust your usage that you can adjust your usage accordinglyaccordingly

by monitoring their own electricity by monitoring their own electricity consumption and being aware of how consumption and being aware of how much they pay at different times, much they pay at different times, most people naturally reduce their most people naturally reduce their energy consumption by limiting non-energy consumption by limiting non-essential use of electricityessential use of electricity

How much energy does How much energy does improved R value in insulation improved R value in insulation save?save?

when it comes to insulating a home it is not when it comes to insulating a home it is not only the R-value of each type of insulation that only the R-value of each type of insulation that needs to be considered, but also your ability to needs to be considered, but also your ability to install itinstall it

if you are building a new home, you are free to if you are building a new home, you are free to choose any type of insulation and will benefit choose any type of insulation and will benefit from selecting the most environmentally from selecting the most environmentally friendly material the builder offers with the friendly material the builder offers with the highest possible R-valuehighest possible R-value

however, for older homes, being able to install however, for older homes, being able to install some of the insulation types in existing walls is some of the insulation types in existing walls is a challenge. a challenge.

R Value - installationR Value - installation

foams have a strong R-value rating and many foams have a strong R-value rating and many spray foams are now being engineered from soy spray foams are now being engineered from soy base in an improved environmentally friendly base in an improved environmentally friendly manner, but may require professional applicationmanner, but may require professional application

fibreglass batting insulation is much easier to fibreglass batting insulation is much easier to install yourself but requires access to the interior of install yourself but requires access to the interior of the walls, which in an older home may be difficultthe walls, which in an older home may be difficult

although blown cellulose may not have the highest although blown cellulose may not have the highest R-value, if you are just attempting to improve your R-value, if you are just attempting to improve your current insulation and heating efficiency it may be current insulation and heating efficiency it may be one of the quickest and easiest to install by one of the quickest and easiest to install by inserting it through small, drilled holesinserting it through small, drilled holes

retrofitting homes with improved insulation can retrofitting homes with improved insulation can save you money through government grants and save you money through government grants and saves energysaves energy

installationinstallation an insulating material that is an insulating material that is

often not included in often not included in standard R-value charts but standard R-value charts but is very effective is strawis very effective is straw

Straw bales approximately Straw bales approximately 40 cm thick have an 40 cm thick have an incredible R-value of incredible R-value of approximately R-50approximately R-50

in Ontario, there seems to in Ontario, there seems to be renewed interest in this be renewed interest in this very efficient, very efficient, environmentally friendly, old environmentally friendly, old method of insulating homesmethod of insulating homes

The End!!!The End!!!http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://papundits.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/jan09-power-chart1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://papundits.wordpress.com/tag/solar-power/&usg=__HC_V2TfJI42T1PJZdQsgXxBhPTg=&h=528&w=576&sz=52&hl=en&start=43&um=1&tbnid=WF-gbfLrMco6EM:&tbnh=123&tbnw=134&prev=/images%3Fq%3Delectrical%2Befficiency%2Bchart%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D36%26um%3D1