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Connecting the Invisible Extremes of Computing
David Culler
http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~culler
U.C. Berkeley
Summer Inst. on Invisible Computing
July, 1999.
7/19/99 invisible computing 2
What I do
• Parallel Computer Architecture
• Lean Operating Systems
• Novel Programming Environments
=> Lean, Fast & Flexible Communication Primitives– Active Messages
=> Design of Federated Systems of Systems– NOW (Network of Workstation)
• Current Projects– Millennium: Campus-wide Cluster-of-Clusters Testbed
– Ninja: Proactive Infrastructure Services
– Endeavour: Information Utility based on Fluid Software
– UCB (universal computing @ berkeley)
7/19/99 invisible computing 3
Expanding the Spectrum
• Desktops– max out at few 100M– in your face– connected to the infrastructure
• Ubiquitous Devices– billions– sensors / actuators– PDAs / smartphones / PCs– heterogeneous
Service Path
• Scalable Infrastructure– highly available– persistent state (safe)– databases, agents– service programming environment
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Issues Converge at the Extremes
• Powerful Services on “Small” Devices– massive computing and storage in the infrastructure
– active adaptation of form and content “on the way”
• Lean, Flexible Communication Building-Blocks– simplicity is the key to efficiency
• Federated System of Systems
• Availability, Automatic Configuration and Management
• Plug it all together and have it DWYM!
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Ninja Vision
• You walk into a room
You have complete, secure, optimized access to local devices and your private resources
• Your PDA connects to the local infrastructure and asks it to build a custom GUI
• Next, your PDA asks the infrastructure for a path out to your personal information space, where agents are processing your e-mail, v-mail, faxes, and pages
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Push Services into an Active Infrastructure
Servers
Clients
ClientsClients
ClientsClients
Clients
Servers
Servers
Infrastructure Services
Open
=> enable Distributed Innovation of Scalable, Avail. Services
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Millennium: Large-Scale Testbed
• Campus-wide cluster-of-clusters extended down
• Management by Services– push monitoring service into nodes
• Resource allocation by market services– banks, brokers, merchants
Cell Phones
PDAs Future Devices
Wireless DesktopPCs
Servers
Clusters
Massive Cluster
Gigabit Ethernet
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Endeavour Vision/Objective
• Enhancing human understanding through information technology
– Make it dramatically more convenient for people to interact with information, devices, and other people
– Supported by a “planetary-scale” Information Utility
» Stress tested by challenging applications in decision making and learning
» New methodologies for design, construction, and administration of systems of unprecedented scale and complexity
– Figure of merit: how effectively we amplify and leverage human intellect
• A pervasive Information Utility, based on “fluid systems technology” to enable new approaches for problem solving & learning
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Proposed Approach• Information Devices
– Beyond desktop computers to MEMS-sensors/actuators with capture/display to yield
enhanced activity spaces
• InformationUtility
• InformationApplications
– High Speed/Collaborative Decision Making and Learning
– Augmented “Smart” Spaces: Rooms and Vehicles
• Design Methodology– User-centric Design with
HW/SW Co-design;
– Formal methods for safe and trustworthy decomposable and reusable components
“Fluid”, Network-Centric System Software
– Partitioning and management of state between soft and persistent state
– Data processing placement and movement
– Component discovery and negotiation
– Flexible capture, self-organization, and re-use of information
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What I’m looking for in an Architecture for Billions of Devices
• Reservoirs, Flows, Self-Checking
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Natural Tides of Innovation
Time
Integration
Innovation
Log R
Mainframe
Minicomputer
Personal ComputerWorkstationServer
2/99
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universal
Function: adjective
1 : including or covering all or a whole collectively or distributively without limit or exception
2 a : present or occurring everywhere b : existent or operative everywhere or under all conditions <universal cultural patterns>
3 a : embracing a major part or the greatest portion (as of mankind) <a universal state> <universal practices> b : comprehensively broad and versatile <a universal genius>
4 a : affirming or denying something of all members of a class or of all values of a variable b : denoting every member of a class <a universal term>
5 : adapted or adjustable to meet varied requirements (as of use, shape, or size)