Connecticut Small Business Energy Advantage Impact Evaluation ReportProgram Year 2007

Lauren MattisonOctober 21, 2009

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Agenda

• SBEA program overview• Evaluation overview &

methodology• Evaluation results

– Energy & demand savings– Seasonal peak lighting analysis– Air compressor project

• Summary & recommendations

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SBEA Overview

• Direct install program, selected contractors act as single point of contact for customers

Reported Savings in 2007

Number of Projects

Gross Energy Savings (MWh)

Demand Savings (kW)

Incentive

CL&P 1,397 34,871 10,144 $8,597,071

UI 355 7,644 2,439 $1,021,674

Total 1,752 42,515 12,583 $9,618,745

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SBEA Overview - Measure Types

• Lighting Upgrades– Overhead– Outdoor– Exit signs– Refrigeration case lighting

• Lighting Controls

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SBEA Overview - Measure Types• Evaporator Fan Controls

– Turn off fans in walk-in cooler/freezer when thermostat doesn’t call for cooling

• Door Heater Controls– Turn off door heaters in

coolers and freezers when humidity is too low for condensation to occur

• Vending Machine Controls

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SBEA Overview - Measure Types

• Evaporator Fan Motor Upgrades– High-efficiency electrically commutated motors in

coolers/freezers

• Cooler Night Covers– Retractable covers

on open cases

• Custom– Air compressor

upgrade– High efficiency

motors

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Evaluation Objectives

• Evaluate attainment of program objectives for 2007 projects

• Determine adjusted energy and demand realization rates based on several adjustment factors

• Provide feedback to improve the programs

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Definitions

• Tracking estimate – reported savings

Lighting:• Gross tracking estimate – total reported

savings for lighting projects• Controls adjustment – reported savings

for lighting controls measures• Revised tracking estimate – reported

savings for lighting equipment upgrades, excludes lighting controls

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Definitions – Savings Adjustments

• Documentation adjustment – difference between reported and calculated savings, determined by comparing reported savings to savings calculated from raw measure data

• Technology adjustment – difference between reported and installed equipment type

• Quantity adjustment – difference between reported and installed equipment quantity

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Definitions – Savings Adjustments

• Operation adjustment – difference between reported and metered operating hours

• Heating and cooling adjustment – impact of lighting measures on heating and cooling demand, this evaluation considers only electric impact which takes the form of a cooling credit

• Total adjustment

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Sample Selection

• Evaluation based on site visits and analysis of a sample of SBEA 2007 projects

• 121 sites– 126 projects– 94 CL&P projects + 32 UI projects– Included 20 of the 40 projects with the

highest annual energy savings

• Sample designed with goal of 80% confidence with 10% precision

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Sample SelectionSample Compared to Total Population Based on Total Energy Savings by Measure Type

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Lighting Refrigeration Other

Program Sample

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Site Visits

• Verified the type and quantity of installed equipment

• Installed meters– Measured operating hours with lighting

loggers• Record light level in 10‑minute intervals

– Downloaded runtime data from refrigeration controllers

– Installed power meter on air compressor– Used three meters per facility on average

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HOBO U12 Light Meters

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Analysis

• Calculated kWh and kW savings and compared to the reported values to independently determine each adjustment factor

• Extrapolate results to all projects to determine the total savings realized by SBEA projects in 2007

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CL&P Results – Energy Savings

Lighting Equipment

Lighting Controls

Refrigeration

Tracking Estimate for Sampled Projects 4,335 MWh 202 MWh 88.2 MWh

Total Adjustment +18.1% -1.54% +6.82%

2007 Total Annual Estimated Savings 31,023 MWh 1,565 MWh 2,172 MWh

2007 Total Adjusted Annual Savings 36,628 MWh 1,541 MWh 2,321 MWh

Total adjustment to lighting estimate excluding cooling: -2.27%.

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CL&P Results – Demand Savings

Total adjustment to summer lighting estimate excluding cooling: -19.0%.

Lighting Equipment

Lighting Controls

Refrigeration

Tracking Estimate for Sampled Projects

- Winter 940 kW 0.505 kW 7.31 kW

- Summer 1,142 kW 0.614 kW 8.88 kW

Total Adjustment

- Winter -24.5%0%

-79.1%

- Summer +11.1% -82.8%

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CL&P Results – Demand Savings

Lighting Equipment

Lighting Controls

Refrigeration

2007 Total Estimated Demand Savings

- Winter 6,875 kW 4.92 kW 187 kW

- Summer 8,349 kW 5.98 kW 228 kW

2007 Total Adjusted Demand Savings

- Winter 5,193 kW 4.92 kW39.2 kW

- Summer 9,272 kW 5.98 kW

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UI Results – Energy Savings

Lighting Equipment

Lighting Controls

Refrigeration

Tracking Estimate for Sampled Projects 1,241 MWh 155 MWh 135 MWh

Total Adjustment +24.8% -0.797% +5.13%

2007 Total Annual Estimated Savings 5,975 MWh 744 MWh 839 MWh

2007 Total Adjusted Annual Savings 7,460 MWh 738 MWh 882 MWh

Total adjustment to lighting estimate excluding cooling: +3.97%.

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UI Results – Demand Savings

Total adjustment to summer lighting estimate excluding cooling: -34.0%

Lighting Equipment

Lighting Controls

Refrigeration

Tracking Estimate for Sampled Projects 377 kW 62.2 kW 26.4 kW

Total Adjustment

- Winter -54.5%-1.03% -93.9%

-Summer -3.54%

2007 Total Estimated Demand Savings 1,972 kW 326 kW 131 kW

2007 Total Adjusted Demand Savings

- Winter 897 kW 322 kW 7.99 kW

- Summer 1,902 kW

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Statewide Results – Energy Savings

Lighting Equipment

Lighting Controls

Refrigeration

Tracking Estimate for Sampled Projects 5,577 MWh 356 MWh 223 MWh

Total Adjustment +19.6% -1.10% +5.80%

2007 Total Annual Estimated Savings 37,114 MWh 2,194 MWh 3,012 MWh

2007 Total Adjusted Annual Savings 44,225 MWh 2,166 MWh 3,203 MWh

Total adjustment to lighting estimate excluding cooling: -0.882%.

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Statewide Results – Demand Savings

Total adjustment to summer lighting estimate excluding cooling: -22.7%.

Lighting Equipment

Lighting Controls

Refrigeration

Tracking Estimate for Sampled Projects

- Winter 1,317 kW 62.7 kW 33.7 kW-Summer 1,518 kW 62.9 kW 35.3 kW

Total Adjustment

- Winter -33.1% -1.03% -90.7%

-Summer +7.44% -1.02% -91.1%

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Statewide Results – Demand Savings

Lighting Equipment

Lighting Controls

Refrigeration

2007 Total Estimated Demand Savings

- Winter 8,847 kW 331 kW 319 kW-Summer 10,321 kW 332 kW 359 kW

2007 Total Adjusted Demand Savings

-Winter 6,090 kW 327 kW47.2 kW

-Summer 11,175 kW 328 kW

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Statewide Results – Largest Adjustments to Savings

• Cooling - reduced cooling load with more efficient lighting– 21% increase in lighting energy savings

– 30% increase in lighting demand savings

• Documentation - calculations that do not follow the formula in PSD– 31-53% decrease in lighting demand savings

– 90% decrease in refrigeration demand savings

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Seasonal Peak Analysis

• Based on – ISO New England 50/50 seasonal peak forecast– Actual system load– Lighting meter data

• Determined coincidence of upgraded lighting operation with times when actual system load exceeds 90% of the seasonal peak forecast level– Winter 36%– Summer 65%

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Air Compressor Upgrade• One compressed air project in 2007 (CL&P)• Options considered for replacing a 30 hp compressor:

– Baseline model: 91% motor efficiency– High efficiency model: 91.7% motor efficiency, variable speed drive

• Cadmus metered new compressor for 3 weeks• Found compressed air demand and energy consumption

significantly lower than contractor estimates• Compressed air demand is difficult to determine without

metering, overestimates often cause inaccuracy in analysis• Recommend metering and reevaluating compressor size in

future air compressor project analysis

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Results – Single Air Compressor Project

Energy Savings Demand Savings

Tracking Estimate for Sampled Projects 38.2 MWh 8.6 kW

Total Adjustment -85.0% -4.65%

2007 Total Annual Estimated Savings 38.2 MWh 8.6 kW

2007 Total Adjusted Annual Savings 5.70 MWh 8.2 kW

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Summary

• Total realized savings for all 2007 projects:– Annual energy savings

• 49,600 MWh

– Demand savings• Winter: 6.2 MW

• Summer: 11.3 MW

• Most equipment found as reported, operating correctly, customers satisfied

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Recommendations – Program Savings Document (PSD)

• Continue efforts to keep PSD updated as new measures are added to program

• Enhance PSD savings formula for door heater controls– Different default values for coolers and freezers

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Recommendations - Implementation

• Improve data collection with additional fields and more uniformity between two utilities

• Increase efforts to ensure that savings calculations are made according to the PSD formulas

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Recommendations - Implementation

• Meter selected measures, particularly air compressors, before project implementation to improve savings analysis

• Additional education and follow-up for refrigeration measures to help ensure that equipment is operating properly in the longer term

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Thank You

Lauren Mattison

The Cadmus Group, Inc.

617-673-7107

lauren.mattison@cadmusgroup.com