Compound Sentences

a.k.a. Coordination

Compound? • What does “compound” mean?

1. To combine so as to form a whole; mix.

2. To produce or create by combining two or more ingredients or parts:

• adj. 1. Consisting of two or more substances, ingredients, elements, or parts.

• n. 1. A combination of two or more elements or parts.(freeonline dictionary)

Coordination?What does “coordination” mean?

• of the same order or degree; equal in rank or importance (dictionary.com)

What’s a sentence?

• Must have at least 1 SV combo

• must be a complete thought

• must have terminal punctuation

What’s a clause?• A clause is a group of words that

contains at least a subject and a verb:

These ARE clauses:

• E.g. ecology is a science

• E.g. because pollution causes cancer

WHY?

What’s a clause?

These ARE NOT clauses:

• e.g. to protect the environment

• e.g. after working all day in the language lab

WHY?

What’s the difference between

a clause?

•Because she got an F in math

•she got an F in math

a sentence?

•She got an F in math.

•Because she didn’t study, she got an F in math.

What’s the difference? Why should we care?

Review What We Know

Simple Sentence:

The boy threw the ballSubject

verb

Predicate

What is the Predicate

It’s the verb and what follows it (a.k.a. complement)

Simple SentencesCompound Subject

Compound Predicate

Compound Subject and Predicate

Elizabeth and Anthony got As on the vocabulary test.

Sabrina took skiing lessons and went snorkeling last vacation.

Gus and Chris studied for the test and wrote their essays.

S S V

S

S S

V V

V V

Now You TryPlease write your own sentence of each type regarding Persepolis or The Color of Water

Compound Subject sentence

Compound Predicate sentence

Compound Subject and predicate sentence

Compound Sentences

Two independent clauses (that are related) joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction; both clauses MUST be equally important or of equal rank.

Ex: Emma is talented at drawing, so she illustrates all of her notes.

Independent vs. dependent clauses

INDEPENDENT

my teacher praised my essay in class today

my aunt adores my calico cat

So I lied.

But she stabbed me in the back.

DEPENDENT

because my teacher praised my essay in class today,

although my aunt adores my calico cat

whereas I lied

when she stabbed me in the back

Coordinating Conjunctions: FANBOYS

• For – CAUSE/EFFECT,REASON; explains a reason, formal or “Biblical” way of saying “because”

• And – ADDITION; adds more information

• Nor – ADDITION; adds more negative info

• But – CONTRAST; opposition a game changer, downer

• Or – CHOICE; choosing ONE over another

• Yet – CONTRAST (see BUT); “even so”

• So – CAUSE/EFFECT/REASON ; shows result, consequences

*She drank 3 glasses of ice water, for she was very thirsty. OR Forgive me Father, for I have sinned.

I spent the weekend resting, and I watched a lot of Battlestar Galactica.

The vampire didn’t rip his victim’s throat out, nor did he suck his blood.

We had a half-day on Wednesday, but we still had plenty of time to study.

Students must pull up their pants, or they will serve detentions.

This morning a firetruck blocked Kimball, yet I still managed to arrive on time.

The new Bond movie has been drawing crowds, so it should make a lot of money.

meaning?

-addition-contrast -reason-choice

-are clauses equal in rank?

But wait!There are actually THREE ways to make a compound sentence or coordination!

They’re all based on the rule of combining two independent clauses

The way you join clauses can be done if 3 different ways! Whew.

Option 1

Two independent clauses joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction

Ex: Garret’s performance art show opened today, but few people showed up.

Ex: Ruby wanted to buy a French bulldog puppy, so she started saving her money.

Your Turn!

Write a sentence about “The Color of Water” using Option 1. Remember, you need to use a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS)

Option 2Two independent clauses (equal in rank, equally important in meaning) joined by a semicolon (the semi-colon acts like a period – oh wait, but what’s the difference between a semi-colon and a period?

Ex. It’s too hot inside my apartment; let’s go to the lake.

Ex. This was a beautiful autumn; the colors of the leaves were stunning.

Your Turn!

Write your own sentence about The Color of Water using Option 2

Option 3Two independent clauses (equal in rank, equally important in meaning) joined by a semicolon and a conjunctive adverb

Ex. It rained heavily in the afternoon; however, Sarah managed to have the picnic anyway.

Ex. Liam couldn't make it to the summit and back before dark; therefore, he decided to camp for the night.

(some) Conjunctive Adverbs

accordingly still furthermore

moreover similarly however

nevertheless besides incidentally

indeed nonetheless therefore

consequently instead thus

finally likewise otherwise

undoubtedly further meanwhile

Please DO NOT copy this as one long list down the left side of your sheet of paper. Relax: what are you noticing meanig-wise?

What’s the connection between “coordinating conjunctions “(fanboys)

and “conjunctive adverbs?”

Coordination Charts by Ms.

Teref and

Ms. Wenz

Your Turn!

Write your own sentence about The Color of Water using Option 3

When do you use them?

Each method has a different application.

Methods 1 and 3 emphasize relationship and cause-effect

Method 2 is for two related ideas that do not need an explicit link