Comparative Civilizations 12 Web-Links

Part 1 – General – Including Streaming Video The best starting point for research in this course can be found at NM’s Creative Impulse: http://history.evansville.net/index.html The next best starting point is Chris Whitcombe’s Art History on the Web at http://witcombe.sbc.edu/ARTHLinks.html Another outstanding starting page is the accurately self-named Mother of all Art and Art History Links Page at http://art-design.umich.edu/mother/ Amazingly, the entire Art of the Western World series, much of which we use in class, is available through video on demand at the Annenberg/CPB site. http://www.learner.org/resources/series1.html You can also see all of The Western Tradition series from the same source at: http://www.learner.org/resources/series58.html Access video files on line from the Roland Collection. You can see the videos stream from the individual film pages. http://www.roland-collection.com/rolandcollection/home.htm Fine material on the ancient world can be found at The Ancient World Web at http://julen.net/ancient/Art/ Netserf links to all things medieval at http://www.netserf.org/ Paul Halsall’s Internet Medieval Sourcebook at

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook.html You can link to his other sourcebooks from here. These are incredible documentary sources including the following: Ancient History, Byzantine

Find limiteless images at the following sites:

Carol Gerten’s image gallery – Artist index at http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/fineart.htm

Olga’s Gallery – art images index page at http://www.abcgallery.com/ Thais 2000 years of Italian sculpture Gallery at http://www.thais.it/default.htm Webmuseum (Paris) Artists index at http://sunsite.sut.ac.jp/wm/paint/auth/ Outstanding links to image resources can be found at Online Visual Resources at http://art-design.umich.edu/mother/images.html Medieval Art links page at http://www.fidnet.com/~weid/art.htm The Artcyclopedia is a really amazing starting point to study works of art. See it at: http://www.artcyclopedia.com/ Mary Ann Sullivan’s Digital Imaging Project of architecture and sculpture at http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/index.html Get architectural images at the Digital Archive of Europe: http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/arch/contents_europe.html

Dr E.L. “Skip” Knox of Boise State University teaches Western Civilization. See his class lecture summaries and supplemental web materials at http://history.boisestate.edu/westciv/class.htm. See material for his other courses at http://history.boisestate.edu/westciv/ The University of Oregon maintains the OSSHE Historical and Cultural Atlas Resource. Its “Europe Map Archive” is at http://www.uoregon.edu/~atlas/europe/maps.html The Shockwave plugin is required for some maps. Hayne Brown’s site Images From History looks iffy at first glance. It isn’t visually appealing and its obviously Marxist system of organization can be off-putting. However, if you click around in the site you will find a nice collection of images and maps: http://www.hp.uab.edu/image_archive/index.html New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art has an extensive teaching programme, not the least of which is its online material. Use its “Timeline of Art History” to link to text and images. The Met contains one of the word’s foremost art collections and the images are absolutely top quality. Go to http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/cl.htm Anyone interested in costume and fashion should look at the online edition of a 19th century illustrated work The History of Costume by Braun and Schnieder: http://www.siue.edu/COSTUMES/TEXT_INDEX.HTML

A terrific collection of western architectural images can be found at the History of Western Architecture at http://web.kyoto-inet.or.jp/org/orion/eng/hst/hist.html Many old books are available through Project Gutenberg, which is trying to put all great works of the past that are out of copyright online. This involves historical material. Go to the index page at: http://www.promo.net/pg/ and type in the author or title to see if the work you are interested in is there. Part 2 – Ancient Egypt: Great material on all aspects of the culture from the British Museum can be found at: http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/menu.html Egyptologist Jaques Kinnaer maintains The Ancient Egypt Site at http://www.ancient-egypt.org/index.html Mark Millmore’s Ancient Egypt is a fine source of information about the culture: http://www.eyelid.co.uk/ The Carnegie Museum of Natural History has a good site at Life in Ancient Egypt: http://www.carnegiemuseums.org/cmnh/exhibits/egypt/ Exploring Ancient World Cultures “Egypt” page is at http://eawc.evansville.edu/egpage.htm PBS maintains a site for the NOVA episode, “Pyramids; the Inside Story” at http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/pyramid/ The Quest for Immortality; Treasures of Immortality is a useful site from the National Gallery of Art in the United States: http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2002/egypt/ BBC’s History page “The Egyptians” is a useful source of information about the land and culture. It has a collection of photos of Michael Woods (narrator of several Civ. 12 videos) favourite locations in Egypt. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/ Part 3 – Ancient Greece Ancient Greece is a web site providing an excellent simple introduction to the land, people, culture, history and art. http://www.ancientgreece.com/ World Civilizations “Ancient Greece” site is another good starting point at: http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/GREECE/GREECE.HTM Use their links page at http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/GREINRES.HTM

Exploring Ancient World Cultures has an “Ancient Greece” site too. See it at: http://eawc.evansville.edu/grpage.htm Access the Perseus Digital Library using its search capability to locate specific information about Ancient Greece at: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/ Great material and images on Greek architecture, sculpture and art can be found at the Harpy site “Greek Art and Architecture” http://harpy.uccs.edu/greek/greek.html A nice introduction to Greek pottery can be found at: http://www.2020site.org/greece/index.html A really simple and straightforward description of the history of Greek pottery can be found at http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/greeks/art/pottery/greekpots.htm They also deal with sculpture at http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/greeks/art/sculpture/greeksculpture.htm Find images of Greek sculpture and architecture at Mark Harden’s Artchive “Greek Art” page at http://www.artchive.com/artchive/ftptoc/greek_ext.html Find images showing Greek architectural orders at Jeffrey Howe’s “Greek Architecture” on A Digital Archive of Architecture: http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/arch/greek_arch.html Plenty of images of ancient Greek buildings can be seen at the “History of Greek Architecture:” http://web.kyoto-inet.or.jp/org/orion/eng/hst/greek.html Also look for images at Great Buildings Online, “Ancient Greek Architecture:” http://www.greatbuildings.com/types/styles/greek.html Thais “Greek Architecture” page also has heaps of images at: http://www.thais.it/architettura/greca/indici/indxsog_uk.htm Those irreverent folks who produce the “Dummies” series of books also have an online guide to ancient Greek architecture at: http://www.dummies.com/WileyCDA/DummiesArticle/id-1471.html Professor Robin Rhodes of Notre Dame University in the United States has a nice site called, appropriately enough, “Greek Architecture:” http://www.nd.edu/~artslide/greekarch/ Part 4 – Ancient Rome: The University of Caen, in France, has a huge model of Rome in the time of the emperor Constantine. Access images of the scale model and a virtual reconstruction

of the city at http://www.unicaen.fr/rome/?langue=anglais&action=&idMonu=&lien=&page=2&id=&titre= Romarch; Roman Art and Architecture is probably the best starting point (other than NM’s Creative Impulse section on Rome). Unfortunately the Argus Search Engine for the Ancient World is no longer operating, so ignore this link. http://acad.depauw.edu/romarch/index.html “Roman Art and Architecture” is a superb resource supporting all parts of this course. It can be found at http://harpy.uccs.edu/roman/html/roman.html An excellent web links page is “Links to Ancient Rome” created by Joe Shelter. http://www.ghg.net/shetler/rome/ Bill Thayer’s Lacus Curtius: Into the Roman World has splendid material and links. Go to http://www.ukans.edu/history/index/europe/ancient_rome/E/Roman/RomanSites*/index.html The World Wide Web Virtual Library’s Rome links page is at http://www.ukans.edu/history/index/europe/ancient_rome/VL/Topics/Art_and_Architecture.htm “Resources for Ancient Rome” is a very good links page at http://www.art-and-archaeology.com/timelines/rome/rome.html A little quirky in layout, the Encyclopaedia Romana is, nonetheless, a superb resource on the Romany empire at: http://itsa.ucsf.edu/~snlrc/encyclopaedia_romana/ Livius: Articles on Ancient History has a “Rome” page with links to excellent material at http://www.livius.org/rome.html Great Buildings Online has its “Ancient Roman Architecture” page at http://www.greatbuildings.com/types/styles/roman.html Exhaustive links to material on Ancient Rome (and Greece) can be found at “Ancient Rome; Art History – Art History and Artist Guide” at http://www.art-odyssey.com/Art_History/Ancient_Rome.htm Part 5 – The Byzantine World Students will appreciate the resources made available by historian Paul Halsall at Byzantium: Byzantine Studies on the Internet: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/byzantium/ This is the best starting point on the web.

Good material can be found at Explore Byzantium: http://byzantium.seashell.net.nz/ “Roman Byzantine Sites” gives very good material on Byzantine structures in Jerusalem. http://jeru.huji.ac.il/byzantines_sites.htm Take a virtual course on Byzantine history at Timothy E. Gregory’s A Chronology of the Early Byzantine Empire at http://www.acs.ohio-state.edu/history/isthmia/teg/hist60701/chron.htm Nice material and photos of the Hagia Sophia, including a video gallery, can be found at http://www.patriarchate.org/ecumenical_patriarchate/chapter_4/html/hagia_sophia.html Part 6 - Islamic Civilization a. Islam One of the best introductions to Islam can be found at the BBC’s “Religions and Ethics; Islam” page at http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/index.shtml “Resources for Studying Islam” is an excellent links page to information on the religion and the culture that it inspires. http://www.arches.uga.edu/~godlas/ Get a feel for the concerns of many Moslems in the West by looking at the material found at Islam 101. http://www.islam101.com/ PBS provides an educated Western perspective on Islam in “Islam; Empire of Faith” at http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/ World Civilizations’ “Islam; Contents” page gives you access to tremendous information at: http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/ISLAM/ISLAM.HTM Britain’s Channel 4 has interesting resources, including a description of the Hajj, video and slide material and Quicktime panoramas at http://www.channel4.com/life/microsites/H/hajj/index.html The University of Calgary has a nice, easy to follow, history of “The Islamic World to 1600; Introduction. ” Link from the introduction page to “The Arabian Peninsula” then follow the presentation to the end. Find it at: http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/islam/beginnings/ b. The Arabs

Fascinating background on Arab civilization, including information about Arabic words adopted into English, can be found at “Arab Civilization” http://www.alhewar.org/ArabCivilization.htm Don’t let the horribly long URL hold you back “Arab Civilization” is a detailed historical account that readers will find very useful. Just don’t make a mistake if you’re typing in the URL! http://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/History/21H-912The-World-Since-1492Spring2003/B98B0839-17AC-4F3F-9E1C-22A668598E10/0/hoarabcivilizatio1.pdf Dean Derhak’s “Muslim Spain and European Culture” is a nice introduction to the topic and a reminder of the debt owed by European civilization to the Arabs. Find it at http://www.xmission.com/~dderhak/index/moors.htm Abbas Mahmoud Al-Akkad has a relevant online account of “The Arab’s Impact on European Civilization” at http://www.islamic-paths.org/Home/English/History/Books/Euo_Impact/Chapter_13.htm “Islamic Images” has some good pictures of the Al-haram mosque (containing the Kaaba) in Mecca, the Mosque of the Prophet in Medina, and of forms of Arabic calligraphy. Access them at http://www.fortunecity.com/victorian/beardsley/250/mecca.htm c. The Ottomans & other Turkish links World Civilizations’ “The Ottomans” page is a superb introduction. Find it at: http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/OTTOMAN/OTTOMAN1.HTM Plenty of material on Turkish culture can be found at the Turkish Cultural Foundation site at http://www.turkishculture.org/ Turkiye on the Web has an excellent links page at http://www.columbia.edu/~sss31/Turkiye/art.html Read about Turkish manuscript illumination at the Turkish government information site: http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/newspot/2001/july-aug/n7.htm An excellent collection of images of Istanbul’s Blue Mosque can be found at: http://www.wsu.edu/~wldciv/tours/turkey/bluereflect.html d. Persian Art & Architecture

Go on a virtual tour of one of the Islamic world’s most beautiful cities in terms of architecture, a designated world heritage site, at http://isfahan.apu.ac.uk/isfahan.html Some of the pictures are clickable to take Sometimes this site is a bit slow to load, but an excellent illustrated history of Persian art, including more than the Islamic period, can be found at Iransaga, “Persian Art Through the Centuries.” http://www.art-arena.com/hpart.html Good background on Persian painting can be seen at the commercial site PERSIANPAINTINGS.COM: http://www.persianpaintings.com/history.html Find out more than you ever wanted to know about Persian Carpets at Iran Chamber Society’s “Persian Carpet; A Brief History of the Persian Carpet and its Patterns.” http://www.iranchamber.com/carpet/brief_history_persian_carpet.php The same organization also has a page on Persian miniature paintings by Katy Kianush, called “Iranian Visual Arts; A Brief History of Persian Miniature.” http://www.iranchamber.com/art/articles/history_iranian_miniature.php e. Mogul (Mughal) Art & Architecture. Columbia University’s South & Southeast Asia Studies Department maintains part of the World Wide Web Virtual Library collection in its links page called “Sarai; South Asia Resources on the Internet.” Access it at: http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/southasia/cuvl/ Another very useful links page is a Smithsonian Production called “Gardens of the Mughal Empire” at http://www.mughalgardens.org/html/links.html There are a few dead links though. Investigate the Taj Mahal through the PBS web site dedicated to the building as part of its Treasures of the World series: http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/a_nav/taj_nav/main_tajfrm.html Get architectural images from the American Institute of Indian Studies Digital South Asia Library. Their search function can be accessed at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/images/aiis/ Part 7. The Medieval World. Part of Paul Halsall’s Medieval Sourcebook is a catalogue of movies about the Middle Ages. Check this out at “Medieval History in the Movies:” http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/medfilms.html

Another amazing source of medieval material is ORB; Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies. “The Orb Encyclopedia: A Topical Index” is a great starting point to find even the most remote material. http://the-orb.net/encyclo.html Another source of good links comes from the Fine Arts Department of Boston College. Use their “Medieval Arts Links” as a handy portal to good material. http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/links/medieval_links.html a. End of the Classical World and the Early Middle Ages: Paul Halsall, creator of a host of online sourcebooks, teaches at the University of North Florida. He maintains point form summary notes and web-links for course material on his site. See his end of the Classical World material at http://www.unf.edu/classes/medieval/med-02.htm. If you go back to his contents page and link to other material, you will find that most links are live, but a few are not. Nippising University in North Bay, Ontario, hosts a wonderful page by Steve Muehlberger, called “ A Visual Tour Through Late Antiquity; With an Emphasis on Gaul and the Time of Gregory of Tours.” Click around and be amazed at the material assembled: http://www.nipissingu.ca/department/history/muhlberger/4505/show.htm Another great links page – though it still employs the term “Dark Ages,” which most historians have long abandoned – is “Dark Age Europe; the First Millenium.” This is a good example of what a good personal web page can do. See it at: http://www.rook.org/heritage/euro/darkage.html Good links to the development of Christianity can be found at: http://www2.roanoke.edu/religion/Maclean/RELG210/RELG210ResearchLinks.html This site links to quite academic material. Fans of all things Celtic will enjoy “The World of Celtic Art” (though it contains much more than the title indicates. Go to: http://www.celtic-art.net/ Investigate medieval monastecism at the World Civilization Virtual Library page “Medieval Monastecism” http://www.faculty.de.gcsu.edu/~dvess/monastic.htm Medieval music of the church variety can be researched from the “Gregorian Chant Homepage” at: http://www.music.princeton.edu/chant_html/index.html Find more academic treatment at “Barbarians on the Greek Periphery” if you are interested in early Celtic art. http://www.iath.virginia.edu/~umw8f/Barbarians/first.html Vikings fans will enjoy Nova Online’s The Vikings at http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/vikings/

The BBC also has a terrific Viking site at http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/vikings/ Investigate “The Rise of Feudalism, ca 850 – 1000 AD” at http://kuhttp.cc.ukans.edu/kansas/medieval/108/lectures/feudalism.html b. Ottonian, Romanesque and Gothic; Medieval Heights: Ottonian art is described by Vivian Vakili, in an article originally published by The Fine Arts Magazine, July 2003. Read “Art Movements Down the Centuries; Ottonian Art” at http://www.sierra-arts.net/ART_MOVEMENTS_July2003.html What was life like for women in 1000 AD? Go to “Women in the Year 1000 CE” at http://www.womeninworldhistory.com/women1000.html BBC Education has a fun and highly informative site called “Cathedral Calls.” Download the Cosmo player and look at 3D Cathedral models, read about cathedral construction and play at painting the West Front of a cathedral. The links to various cathedrals are also good. Go to: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/cathedral/index.shtml Access Medieval literature through the Luminarium. Its “Anthology of Middle English Literature” includes the likes of Chaucer, Malory and Langland, but it includes much more – medieval plays and lyrics and other material. http://www.luminarium.org/medlit/ Alison Stone’s Images of Medieval Art and Architecture is a must see at: http://www.pitt.edu/~medart/index.html Having trouble with medieval artistic and architectural terms? Go to the “Glossary for Medieval Art and Architecture” at http://www.pitt.edu/~medart/menuglossary/INDEX.HTM Chris Whitcombe’s “Art of the Middle Ages” page, from his Art History Resources on the Web is a fabulous links page to outstanding material. http://witcombe.sbc.edu/ARTHmedieval.html Do you like to cook? Try some of the recipes in “A Boke of Gode Cookery.” Try some of the gourmet medieval and renaissance recipes on family and friends. http://www.godecookery.com/godeboke/godeboke.htm Was there really a King Arthur? All things Arthurian are examined in The Camelot Project at the University of Rochester. http://www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/cphome.stm

Investigate the role of women during the Crusades at http://www.umich.edu/~marcons/Crusades/topics/women/women-article.html Dscriptorium, the Digital Scriptorium, is dedicated to digitizing, storing and making available as many medieval manuscripts as possible. Visit the site at: http://www.byu.edu/~hurlbut/dscriptorium/ Oxford University’s Bodleian Library also puts medieval manuscripts online at http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/dept/scwmss/wmss/medieval/browse.htm A description and all images of the Limbourg brothers’ Les Tres Riches Heures de Duc de Berry is available at the following University of Chicago site: http://humanities.uchicago.edu/images/heures/heures.html Find out about life in the Middle Ages at the Annenberg/CPB site “Middle Ages” at http://www.learner.org/exhibits/middleages/ Investigate French painting (if you speak French or you access the site with translation software enabled) at “La Peinture medievale dans le Midi de France.” http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/medieval/francais/index.htm Read about medieval miracle plays and mysteries at the online Catholic Encylopedia site, “Miracle Plays and Mysteries” at http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10348a.htm KFKI is a Hungarian educational institution that hosts the Web Gallery of Art. The larger site is also useful, but its “International Gothic Style of Painting” page is most helpful in studying painting at the end of the Middle Ages. http://www.kfki.hu/~arthp/tours/gothic/ See images of the sculpture of Gothic master Claus Sluter at the Web Gallery of Art: http://gallery.euroweb.hu/html/s/sluter/ Read about him at CARTAGE (Central Array of Relayed Transaction for the Advance of General Education): http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/S/Sluter/sluter.htm Read about Giotto and see his paintings at the Vatican’s Christus Rex site: http://www.christusrex.org/www1/francis/ The Webmuseum’s “Giotto di Bondone” site is also excellent: http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/giotto/ Part 8 – The Renaissance: Use the art index sites, like Olga’s Gallery, The Webmuseum, CGFA, The Artchive or Thais to access information about particular painters or sculptors.

Annenberg/CPB’s introduction to the Renaissance, “Renaissance; What Inspired this Age of Balance and Order,” is a great brief introduction to the period. http://www.learner.org/exhibits/renaissance/ The Webmuseum has the best brief introduction to the art of the Renaissance at its “La Renaissance” page: http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/glo/renaissance/ The next stop for Renaissance material should be either NM’s Creative Impulse “Renaissance” or Chris Whitcombe’s “15th Century Renaissance Art” (See the first two listings on this weblinks page.) The World Civilization site has great material at “Italian Renaissance; Early Modern.” http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/REN/REN.HTM Dr. Liana Chaney’s Italian Renaissance Art site also has amazing material and excellent links. http://www.uml.edu/Dept/History/ArtHistory/Italian_Renaissance/ Find English literature of the Renaissance online at the Luminarium’s “16th Century Renaissance English Literature: 1485-1603” page. This site has more than just text, there are analyses and all manner of supporting material as well. http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/ Listen audio files of Shakespearean plays and poems read by fine actors at Harper Audio’s “William Shakespeare” page at http://town.hall.org/Archives/radio/IMS/HarperAudio/020994_harp_ITH.html Listen to Renaissance music at Curtis Clark’s The Internet Renaissance Band site: http://www.csupomona.edu/~jcclark/emusic/ Dance fans should look at Renaissance Dance. This page is essentially a links directory. Naturally, you can also link to music from this site. http://www.csupomona.edu/~jcclark/emusic/ For sculpture, go to the Thais site at http://www.thais.it/scultura/rinascim.htm. The images are stunning. Find a huge collection of Renaissance and Baroque architectural images at C.W. Westfall’s Architectural History 102 support site, called “Renaissance & Baroque Architecture. http://www.lib.virginia.edu/dic/colls/arh102/ Jacob Burkhardt’s 19th century Academic work, The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy describes various aspects of the Renaissance. Find it at http://www.idbsu.edu/courses/hy309/docs/burckhardt/burckhardt.html A Guide to Medieval and Renaissance Instruments is a wonderful site that not only shows you these archaic instruments, but also provides sound files in mp3 format

(which are blocked on the school site). http://www.s-hamilton.k12.ia.us/antiqua/instrumt.html The Italian Renaissance Art Project has great information on painters and sculptors and also images. http://www.italian-art.org/frames.html Investigate the inventions of Leonardo da Vinci at the S.C. Williams Library site at the Stevens Institute of Technology: http://www.lib.stevens-tech.edu/collections/davinci/inventions/ Quite a slick site dealing with much more about Leonardo is Leonardo da Vinci; The Man; His Machines at http://www.lairweb.org.nz/leonardo/ A good site dealing with Filipo Brunelleschi can be found at http://www.mega.it/eng/egui/pers/fibru.htm “Capella Sistina” at the Vatican’s Christus Rex site gives information and images of all of the paintings adorning the Sistine Chapel. Access it at: http://www.christusrex.org/www1/sistine/0-Tour.html Other excellent images can be found at Olga’s Gallery’s pages dealing with the chapel, at: http://www.abcgallery.com/M/michelangelo/michelangelo32.html See Raphael’s works in the Stanze e Loggia, including the Stanza della Segnatura at Christus Rex. http://www.christusrex.org/www1/stanzas/0-Raphael.html Part 9 – Mannerism, The Reformation & Counter-Reformation: The University of Calgary has a nice – very brief – point form summary of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation at “The Protestant Reformation” http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/C_Transp/C11_Protestantism.html A broader and more interesting treatment can be found at the BBC’s “Church and Reformation” page: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/state/church_reformation/index.shtml Newfoundland’s Memorial University’s Religious Studies Department has a nice links page on Reformation material at “Reformation:” http://www.mun.ca/rels/reform/ Laurence Bates’ maintains a Reformation links page at http://www.educ.msu.edu/homepages/laurence/reformation/ Read a Roman Catholic view of the Reformation at the Catholic Encyclopedia “Reformation” page http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12700b.htm

World Civilizations “Discovery and Reformation” page is excellent at http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/REFORM/ Laurence Bates also has a terrific links page on the “English Reformation” at http://www.educ.msu.edu/homepages/laurence/reformation/English/English.Htm His “Counter Reformation” page is at: http://www.educ.msu.edu/homepages/laurence/reformation/Counter/Counter.Htm History Learning Site’s “Counter-Reformation” site links to excellent material. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/counter-reform.htm As with the Renaissance, use one of the web galleries identified above to track down particular painters. For Mannerism, look at the Artcyclopedia “Artists by Movement; Mannerism” page at http://www.artcyclopedia.com/history/mannerism.html Tour Washington’s National Gallery of Art’s Mannerism collection at: http://www.nga.gov/collection/gallery/gg21/gg21-main1.html Part 10: Baroque Begin with the Webmuseum’s “Baroque” page. http://www.nga.gov/collection/gallery/gg21/gg21-main1.html Be sure to visit Whitcombe's Art History and NM's Creative Impulse. Read about and listen to Baroque music through Wecome to the Wonderful World of Baroque Music at http://www.baroquemusic.org/ Great Buildings Online's "Baroque" index page can be found at http://www.greatbuildings.com/types/styles/baroque.html Boston College maintains a nice links page called "Baroque Art & Architecture" at http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/HP/baroque.html Dr. Gordon Callon of Acadia University has a superb links page called "Renaissance and Baroque Art Links" at http://plato.acadiau.ca/courses/musi/callon/1293/art.htm Since he teaches in the music department, music is given particularly good attention. More superb links can be found at Culture 4.0 "Baroque 1600-1750) Art Grids" http://www.culturalresources.com/BAR14.html

An excellent Rembrandt site can be found at the Internet 1996 World Exhibition site: http://amsterdam.park.org/Netherlands/pavilions/culture/rembrandt/ Washington's National Gallery of Art has a terrific online architecture tour called The Triumph of the Baroque; Architecture in Europe 1600-1750. http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2000/baroque/splash.htm