ColonizationColonization

A A colonycolony is a piece of is a piece of land away from a land away from a country that is owned country that is owned by that countryby that country– Citizens who live in the Citizens who live in the

colony are still ruled colony are still ruled by their home countryby their home country

– Governments do this Governments do this for money, resources, for money, resources, and powerand power

Reasons for citizens to Reasons for citizens to colonize in Americacolonize in America

Lack of opportunity Lack of opportunity to have a good life to have a good life in home countryin home country

Stories of gold and Stories of gold and riches in Americariches in America

Escape religious Escape religious persection persection (when (when someone treats someone treats you badly because you badly because of your beliefsof your beliefs

Spread ChristianitySpread Christianity

The First Colony: RoanokeThe First Colony: Roanoke Sir Walter Raleigh brings a Sir Walter Raleigh brings a

group to Roanokegroup to Roanoke They failThey fail

– Relied on Native Americans Relied on Native Americans for foodfor food

– Native Americans stopped Native Americans stopped helping when they realized helping when they realized colonists wanted to take land colonists wanted to take land

Raleigh tries again at Raleigh tries again at RoanokeRoanoke– Entire colony mysteriously Entire colony mysteriously

diesdies

JamestownJamestown JamestownJamestown is the first is the first

successful British colony successful British colony (in present-day Virginia)(in present-day Virginia)

Settled in swampy lands Settled in swampy lands with poor drinking waterwith poor drinking water

Spent their time looking Spent their time looking for gold instead of for gold instead of building good shelters building good shelters and growing foodand growing food

Within 1 year, 70 of the Within 1 year, 70 of the 100 settlers had died100 settlers had died

Jamestown, continuedJamestown, continued

John Smith took over John Smith took over control of the colonycontrol of the colony

Encouraged settlers Encouraged settlers to work for survival, to work for survival, not richesnot riches

Began trading with Began trading with the Native Americansthe Native Americans

Jamestown, continuedJamestown, continued

Settlers grow tobacco and ship it Settlers grow tobacco and ship it back to Englandback to England

SlaverySlavery began to help grow tobacco began to help grow tobacco Indentured servantsIndentured servants come to come to

America to work off their debtAmerica to work off their debt– in return they receive free passage to in return they receive free passage to

America and free land once their debt is America and free land once their debt is paid offpaid off

Triangular TradeTriangular Trade Over time, 13 Over time, 13

colonies were colonies were establishedestablished

Triangular tradeTriangular trade – Slaves from Africa to Slaves from Africa to

AmericaAmerica– Sugar and tobacco Sugar and tobacco

from America to from America to EnglandEngland

– Rum and textiles to Rum and textiles to AfricaAfrica

13 Colonies13 Colonies New EnglandNew England

– Rhode Island, New Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Hampshire, Massachusetts, Massachusetts, ConnecticutConnecticut

MiddleMiddle– New Jersey, New Jersey,

Pennsylvania, New York, Pennsylvania, New York, DelawareDelaware

SouthernSouthern– Maryland, Virginia, North Maryland, Virginia, North

Carolina, South Carolina, Carolina, South Carolina, GeorgiaGeorgia

New England ColoniesNew England Colonies

Sold rum in Sold rum in triangular tradetriangular trade

Also sold raw goods, Also sold raw goods, such as lumber, such as lumber, sugar, and fish to sugar, and fish to EnglandEngland

Colonists had small, Colonists had small, family farmsfamily farms– Grew food only for Grew food only for

their families, not to their families, not to sellsell

Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies They grew a lot of wheat They grew a lot of wheat

on plantations (large on plantations (large farms) farms)

Sold wheat and other Sold wheat and other farmed products on farmed products on triangular tradetriangular trade

Known as Breadbasket Known as Breadbasket ColoniesColonies

Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies Separated from Middle Colonies by Separated from Middle Colonies by

Mason-Dixon LineMason-Dixon Line Plantations were main source of Plantations were main source of

moneymoney Main cash crops to export (ship out of Main cash crops to export (ship out of

the colonies) were rice, tobacco, and the colonies) were rice, tobacco, and indigoindigo

Slavery used to help farm the Slavery used to help farm the plantationsplantations– Slaves were most common in the southern Slaves were most common in the southern

coloniescolonies– Laws Laws were written that said were written that said slavesslaves could be could be

treated as propertytreated as property

ReviewReview

Who were some of the first settlers in Who were some of the first settlers in America?America?

Why did citizens wish to leave Great Why did citizens wish to leave Great Britain to live in America?Britain to live in America?

What kind of life did early settlers What kind of life did early settlers have?have?