Colonial Society

Although colonial society was divided before the American Revolution, there were common

patterns of development.

• The Amazing Race

• Southern Colonies

• Middle Colonies

• New England Colonies

I. The Amazing RaceA. Native AmericansB. Vikings indirect discoveryC. Portuguese in AfricaD. Spanish Discoverers

1. Columbus, 1492a. Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494

2. Balboa, Magellan, Ponce de Leon, Coronado, Cabrillo

E. Spanish Explorers1. Hernando de Soto, Cortes,

Pizarro, Father SierraF. French sought tradeG. Dutch sought tradeH. English sought riches

1. Mercantilism

II. Southern ColoniesA. Economy

1. Tobacco Plantation Economya. Jamestown lessons (60/400)b. “Headright System” (75% VA &

MD)c. Bacon’s Rebellion, 1676d. Slavery, 1619

2. Carolina-Caribbean ConnectionA. Politics

1. Virginia Charter2. House of Burgesses, 1619

B. Society1. Aristocratic class structure2. Scattered population with few

women3. Failure to enslave Indians4. Some religious toleration

a. Act of Toleration (MD)

III. Middle Colonies

A. Economy1. Dutch West India

Company2. English trade, 1685

B. Politics1. Quakers in PA2. Represent. Govt.

C. Society1. Patroonship

a. Leisler’s Rebellion, 1689-1691

2. Mediocre Industry3. Ethnically diverse4. Religiously tolerant

IV. New EnglandA. Economy

1. Diverse EconomyB. Society

1. Protestant Reformation2. Pilgrims

a. Plymouth Bay, 1621b. Mayflower Compactc. John Robinson, William Bradford,

Miles Standish3. Puritans

a. MBC, 1629b. John Winthrop, John Cotton, Anne

Hutchinson, Roger Williams, Thomas Hooker

c. “Great Migration”d. New Haven Fanatics

C. Politics1. Puritan government2. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut,

16393. Suffrage varied4. New England Confederation

a. King Philip’s Warb. Dominion of New England

Vocabulary, Chapter 11. Marco Polo2. Francisco Pizarro3. Juan Ponce de Leon4. Hernando de Soto5. Montezuma6. Christopher Columbus7. Hernan Cortes8. Francisco Coronado9. Robert de La Salle10. Jacques Cartier11. Giovanni da Verrazano12. John Cabot13. Vasco Nunez Balboa14. Isabella of Castile15. Quetzalcoatl16. Bartholomeu Dias17. Hiawatha18. Bartolome de Las Casas19. Ferdinand Magellan20. Vasco da Gama

1. Mestizos2. Treaty of Tordesillas3. “three sister” farming4. Canadian Shield5. Mound Builders6. Spanish Armada7. Black legend8. Conquistadores9. Aztecs10. Pope’s Rebellion11. Pueblo Indians12. Iroquois Confederacy13. Vineland14. St. Augustine, Florida15. Kiva16. Spice Islands17. Moors18. Encomienda

Vocabulary, Chapter 21. Pocahontas2. Powhatan3. John Rolfe4. Lord Baltimore5. Walter Raleigh6. James Oglethorpe7. Humphrey Gilbert8. Oliver Cromwell9. John Smith10. John Wesley11. Francis Drake12. George Percy13. William Penn 14. Richard Hakluyt15. Henry VIII16. Elizabeth I17. Philip II18. James I19. Charles I20. Charles II

1. Joint-stock company2. Enclosure3. House of Burgesses4. Royal charter5. Slave codes6. Yeoman and Proprietor7. Squatter8. Law of primogeniture9. Indentured servitude 10. Sea dogs11. Surplus population12. 1st and 2nd Anglo-Powhatan War13. Maryland Act of toleration14. Barbados slave code15. Virginia Company16. Act of Toleration17. Savannah Indians18. Santa Fe19. Jamestown and Charles Town20. Powhatan’s Confederacy

Vocabulary, Chapter 31. John Calvin2. Anne Hutchinson3. Roger Williams4. Henry Hudson5. William Bradford6. Peter Stuyvesant7. William Laud8. Thomas Hooker9. John Winthrop10. King Philip11. John Cotton12. Sir Edmund Andros13. Gustavus Adolphus14. William and Mary15. Massasoit16. Fernando Gorges17. Myles Standish18. Martin Luther19. Squanto

1. The “elect”2. Franchise3. Predestination4. “visible saints”5. Covenant6. Salutary neglect7. Passive resistance8. “city upon a hill”9. Protestant Reformation10. Pilgrims11. New England Confederation12. Calvinism13. Massachusetts Bay Company14. Navigation Laws15. Great Migration16. Puritans17. Separatists18. Quakers19. Mayflower Compact20. Fundamental Orders21. Pequot War22. New Netherlands and Amsterdam23. New Sweden

Vocabulary, Chapter 4

1. William Berkeley2. Nathaniel Bacon3. Yarrow Mamout4. Matthew Hopkins

1. Headright system2. Jeremiads3. Middle passage4. Freedom dues5. “witch hunting”6. Yankee ingenuity7. Conversions8. Bacon’s Rebellion9. Leisler’s Rebellion10. Half-Way Covenant11. African American 12. New England Primer

Vocabulary, Chapter 51. Jonathan Edwards2. Benjamin Franklin3. Michel-Guillaume de Crevecoeur4. George Whitefield5. John Peter Zenger6. Phillis Wheatley7. John Singleton Copley8. John Trumbull9. Charles Wilson Peale10. Benjamin West11. Jacobus Arminius12. Andrew Hamilton

1. Paxton Boys Great Awakening2. Anglicans3. Regulator Movement4. Triangular trade5. Molasses Act6. Scots-Irish7. Naval stores8. Praying towns9. Jayle birds10. Congregational Church11. Presbyterian12. Arminians13. Heresies14. Old Lights15. New Lights

Short Answer Practice• Describe both the positive and negative benefits of the Columbian

Exchange on the New and Old World. (Chapter 1)• Rank the items in the following list, starting with the one that you think had

the most important consequences. Then justify your ranking. Finally, speculate as to what might have happened had these events not occurred.

– The cultivation of tobacco in VA.– The introduction of slavery into the plantation colonies.– The “enclosing” of croplands in England. (Chapter 2)

• Make a list of the motives of English people who migrated to America in the seventeenth century. Rank the items in the list from most important to least important. Then justify your ranking. (Chapter 3)

• Compare and contrast the status of women in the South with that of New England. (Chapter 4)

• Write your definition of democracy. Then use this definition to argue that colonial politics had or had not become democratic by 1760. (Chapter 5)