Clevedon Sustainable Development Plan Background Report ......Clevedon Sustainable Development Plan 3AC180.00 23 February 2010 1 1 Introduction Manukau City Council (the Council) is

Clevedon Sustainable Development Plan

Background Report: Social

Clevedon Sustainable

Development Plan Background Report: Social

Prepared By Alex Jepsen/ Justine Bray Opus International Consultants Limited

Environmental The Westhaven, 100 Beaumont Street PO Box 5848, Auckland 1141, New Zealand

Reviewed By Rebekah Pokura-Ward Telephone: +64 9 355 9500

Facsimile: +64 9 355 9584

Date: 23 February 2010 Reference: 3AC180.00 Status: Issue 2

© Opus International Consultants Limited 2010


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23 February 2010 i

Contents

1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1

2 Project Background ............................................................................................................. 2

2.1 Background .................................................................................................................. 2

2.2 Project Objectives ......................................................................................................... 2

2.3 Sustainable Development Principles ............................................................................. 3

2.4 Report Scope ................................................................................................................ 3

3 Overview of Clevedon ......................................................................................................... 5

3.1 Settlement History ........................................................................................................ 5

3.2 Clevedon Today............................................................................................................ 5

3.3 Infrastructure Concerns ................................................................................................ 6

3.4 Wairoa River Maritime Village ....................................................................................... 6

4 Community Inventory .......................................................................................................... 7

4.1 Background .................................................................................................................. 7

4.2 Transport ...................................................................................................................... 7

4.3 Trade Services.............................................................................................................. 7

4.4 Professional Services ................................................................................................... 7

4.5 Social Support Services ................................................................................................ 8

4.6 Summary .................................................................................................................... 10

5 Demographic Characteristics ........................................................................................... 11

5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 11

5.2 General Characteristics .............................................................................................. 12

5.3 Ethnicity ...................................................................................................................... 14

5.4 Families ...................................................................................................................... 14

5.5 Work & Income ........................................................................................................... 15

5.6 Households ................................................................................................................. 15

5.7 Summary .................................................................................................................... 16

6 Policy Context .................................................................................................................... 17

6.1 Background ................................................................................................................ 17

6.2 Towards 2060 – Our City’s Future (draft) .................................................................... 17

6.3 Tomorrow’s Manukau – Manukau Apopo .................................................................... 17

6.4 Long Term Council Community Plan 2009-2019 ......................................................... 19

6.5 Draft Rural Growth Strategy ........................................................................................ 19

6.6 Cycle and Walking Strategy 2005-2015 ...................................................................... 20

6.7 Clevedon Community Advocacy Plan 2008-2011 ....................................................... 20

6.8 Summary .................................................................................................................... 21

7 Impacts of Change on Small Communities ...................................................................... 22


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7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 22

7.2 Growth and Diversification .......................................................................................... 22 7.3 Learning to do Things Differently ................................................................................ 23

7.4 Build on What is Already There ................................................................................... 24

8 Summary ............................................................................................................................ 25

9 Next Steps .......................................................................................................................... 26

Appendix A .................................................................................................................................... 1

Sports & Recreation Groups .................................................................................................. 1

Capacity of Clevedon Community Facilities ........................................................................... 2

Appendix B .................................................................................................................................... 1

Demographic Data ................................................................................................................. 1


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1 Introduction

Manukau City Council (the Council) is preparing a development strategy for the Clevedon village

based on a twenty year planning horizon. Its purpose is to guide the growth of the village using

sustainable principles, and is referred to as the Clevedon Sustainable Development Plan (CSDP).

The intent of the Plan is to inform and guide the potential expansion of the village, including its built

environment. It will also have the objective of providing clear guidance to Council, investors,

developers/landowners, infrastructure providers and residents about the desired future form,

character and amenity of the Clevedon village area1.

The aim of this background report is to provide information on the existing social and community

aspects to consider in the project. The report is one of a number of technical studies that have

been commissioned by the Council to comprise the background information on which to develop

the CSDP. The eventual outcome of the project will be a possible change to the Manukau City

Council District Plan so to implement the CSDP.

1 Project Execution Plan 29 May 2009


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2 Project Background

2.1 Background

The potential growth of the Clevedon village has created pressure in various areas over a number

of years. Of particular concern has been wastewater disposal issues in the village2 for both

residential and commercial properties.

To address these concerns, an investigation into the scale and extent of these issues was

commissioned by the Council in 2007. The resulting report by Ormiston Associates confirmed that

there were significant issues with the existing on-site waste water treatment and land disposal

issues within Clevedon village. In particular, that this method would not be sustainable in the long

term. It also concluded that progressive improvements to on-site wastewater management and

maintenance and resident education had not resulted in improvements to onsite wastewater

systems or the protection of surface waters and public health. Additional investigations were

undertaken in 2008 which further confirmed the issues and supported the conclusions of the earlier

work that the community will require reticulation to address a potential public health risk.

Against this background of significant issues with the existing waste water system, have been

pressures for growth in the village. Domestic tourism is also increasing in the community including

local attractions such as the farmers market. The village is also a stopping point for those who

access the recreational activities in the area such as organised sports and boating activities along

the coast.

In the meantime, the Council has set in place some short term actions around education and

compliance. However, the solution for the longer term have been assessed to be a reticulated

system. To decide on a suitable type, the Council determined that there were a number of

strategic and environmental issues to work through. This was for the reason that the options would

be potentially influenced by growth scenarios for the village. In addition, the Council was

conscious of the potential impact of the Wairoa Canal development, should this proceed. Hence

the options needed to be considered along a broader sustainable development plan for the village.

As a consequence of this previous work and its consideration by the Community Board and

Council, the scope for a sustainable plan for the village was developed.

2.2 Project Objectives

The objectives for the project3 have been determined by the Council to be the following;

To determine scale and form of residential, rural, and rural-residential development to

be accommodated within Clevedon village; and

To identify matters that will contribute to the maintenance and enhancement of the

character and amenity values of Clevedon village.

2 Policy and Activities Committee – 11 December 2008

3 Project Execution Plan 29 May 2009


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To determine the boundaries and the extent of the settlement based on its

environmental carrying capacity, cost of infrastructure and the rural population

projections in conjunction with demand factors.

To collate and synthesize planning and technical and background information on

Clevedon village.

To investigate infrastructure options (in particular waste water) for the existing village

and future growth.

2.3 Sustainable Development Principles

The council has responded to these growth pressures through an integrated planning approach to

development based around sustainable growth principles. These include matters highlighted in

the Regional Policy documents and Growth Strategies4, such as:

Provision of lifestyle choice

Planned growth that takes account of the unique character and infrastructure

constraints

Protection of rural character of the Clevedon village and Clevedon valley environs

Protection of landscape values and character

Environmental sustainability of any expansion of Clevedon village – including the

capabilities for utility and social infrastructure provision; effects on water quality

Ensuring that any development maintains and enhances the individual character,

community identity, cultural heritage and environmental integrity of the settlement.

Ensuring that any development within avoids the fragmentation of existing rural

economic, social and cultural networks.

Necessary infrastructure should be provided at a scale appropriate to the level of

growth planned.

The sequencing of all new growth should be co-ordinated with the provision or

upgrading of new infrastructure.

The eventual CSDP will reflect these principles.

2.4 Report Scope

The scope of this background report has been to identify and document information regarding the

existing community of Clevedon5. In particular, to ascertain any social aspects that needs to be

considered in the development of the CSDP. At this juncture, the report is only at an interim

stage. Once consultation has been undertaken with the community on the potential development

options, then this feedback will be able to be incorporated into a more complete assessment.

Inputs to this report comprise an inventory of the community. This has included identifying facilities

such as schools, preschools, churches as well as key land uses and activity points such as

recreation areas. Community events that occur within the village and surrounds have also been

documented. An understanding of the characteristics of the village and surrounds was obtained

4 Policy and Activities Committee – 11 December 2008

5 Based on information available as at December 2009


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via a demographic assessment of New Zealand census data which was compared against that for

the greater geographic area. Council policies and strategies that pertain to Clevedon and the

wider city were assessed. Finally, a literature review was undertaken of previous studies of the

Clevedon village to understand its social history as well as the issues relating to change in small

communities.

The report is one of a number of technical studies that have been commissioned to provide

background information for the CSDP.


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3 Overview of Clevedon

3.1 Settlement History

The Clevedon district was once known as Wairoa or Wairoa South6 after the river Te Wairoa that

passes through the district. Its name was changed to Clevedon in 1886 to avoid confusion with

other places known as Wairoa7.

The tangata whenua of the Clevedon area are the Ngai Tai/Ngati Tai iwi. Their ancestors arrived

on the Tainui canoe and established themselves in the area over the period between 1250 and

13508. Today, descendents of the Ngai Tai/Ngati Tai iwi are centred around Umupuia.

European settlement of Clevedon began in the 1850s. McNicol, Hoye and Thorp were the

pioneering settler families. A substantial number more settlers arrived in 1865 aboard the SS Viola.

Descendents of these first settler families have farms in the area today.

3.2 Clevedon Today

Clevedon is a rural community. It is described in many Council policy documents9 as a long

established and self-reliant community with highly developed farming infrastructure and clean,

green rural open spaces, forest and beaches. It comprises of a series of coastal and inland

settlements including Whitford, Beachlands, Maraetai, Clevedon, Kawakawa Bay and Orere Point.

Based on discussions with council officers, community representatives, community publications

etc, Clevedon has a variety of communities of interest. These include:

Long term residents & new comers

Permanent residents (who commute to the city for work as well as those that work locally)

Those with smaller land holdings a well as larger farming interests

Retirees

Weekend recreationalists

Community groups

Business operators

People who have an active interest in volunteer work

Families with young children

6 150 Years On, Historic Ramble of Clevedon village. Clevedon Residents’ Association & Clevedon Historical

Society. 7 ibid

8 Our Clevedon Story, The Clevedon School 150

th Anniversary Commemorative Book

9 Including Manukau Apopo, Clevedon Advocacy Plan


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Clevedon people like living in unspoilt countryside, while still being close to city amenities10.

Clevedon is represented by the Clevedon Community Board, Clevedon Residents Association and

Clevedon Business Association. The Clevedon Community Board has produced the Clevedon

Community Advocacy Plan (refer section 5). Sustainable development planning is a priority for the

Clevedon community.

3.3 Infrastructure Concerns

There is particular concern for water and wastewater facilities and services. This is because there

are existing on-site waste water treatment and land disposal issues in the village for both

residential and commercial properties. Consequently as Clevedon feels the pressure of population

growth, these issues are expected to worsen.

3.4 Wairoa River Maritime Village

There is a current proposal (Proposed Private Plan Change 13 to the Manukau District Plan) to

create a new coastal settlement on the flood plains of the Wairoa River, on the eastern side of

North Road, Clevedon. The Wairoa River Maritime village, is a planned 123-ha, 297-lot residential

development built on manmade canals. The site is located approximately 4.5km from the Clevedon

village. This scale of potential land change has generated some anxiety within the community

about the nature, scale and intensity of this development. Particularly with regards to its associated

population growth and the impact this could have on social infrastructure including schools,

shopping, health services and other facilities.

10

Clevedon Community Advocacy Plan


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4 Community Inventory

4.1 Background

Clevedon is a long-established rural village in Manukau. At the same time, it is a busy township

en route to a series of coastal and inland settlements including Whitford, Beachlands, Maraetai,

Kawakawa Bay and Orere Point. Accordingly, the Clevedon village caters for established and

permanent residents as well as the transient population of commuters travelling to the city for work,

or towards the coast at the weekend. For the established and permanent residents of the

Clevedon community, the ‘rural lifestyle’ is highly valued. It is understood that the community pride

themselves on being self-reliant and supportive of local services. However, at the same time

Clevedon offers a wide range of amenities and activities to cater for the needs of visitors.

4.2 Transport

In terms of transport, the Clevedon community is reliant upon their cars because public transport is

not readily available and walking and cycling are generally not viable alternatives for travel to work

and around the city. There are no public bus routes that pass through Clevedon village.

The closest available bus routes that provide connection to Downtown Auckland are those that

pass through Papakura to Downtown via Great South Road (470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475). There

is also a bus route between Beachlands-Maraetai and Botany Downs (689). From Botany Downs

there are various bus routes to Downtown Auckland.

While there are no public bus routes, there are school buses that operate in and around Clevedon.

There are buses from Clevedon to various surrounding secondary schools such as Howick

College, Papakura High School, Strathallen College and St Kentigerns College. There are also

shorter, more local school bus services that are run by the primary schools. Clevedon School

operates school buses to transport children to and from the local primary school. Orere School

operates a school bus from Kawakawa Bay to the school, but there is no bus from Clevedon to

Orere School. Brookby School does not provide a bus service.

4.3 Trade Services

There are a number of shops and services to support the needs of the agricultural and marine

communities. These include rural supplies, general hardware, mechanical serving and repair,

boats and marine supplies.

4.4 Professional Services

Retail and convenience activities include a dairy, post office, flower shop, boutique gift stores and

specialty food outlets. Other professional services available include health and beauty, various

cafes and restaurants, real estate offices, a petrol station, and, bed & breakfast accommodation.

Overall, Clevedon village caters for small scale shopping needs and local conveniences only.

There is no supermarket in the village hence, residents are required to travel to Papakura, Botany

Downs or Manukau City for these services.


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4.5 Social Support Services

Education

There are three full primary schools (years 1-8) including Clevedon School, Brookby School and

Orere School. Clevedon School is located in the centre of the village. Also located within the

Villlage are two early childhood education centres; Clevedon Kindergarten and Clevedon Kidz

Early Childhood Centre. Clevedon Kindergarten and Clevedon Kidz can each cater for 30 children

per session. Clevedon School currently has a roll of 331 students. The Ministry of Education does

not have an agreed capacity for the school. However, the site is 2.7 hectares in area and it is

anticipated that this provides capacity to accommodate growth if required.

With respect to secondary schools and tertiary institutions, it is understood that Clevedon residents

utilise the facilities available in Papakura and Auckland including Howick College, Papakura High

School, Strathallen and Kings Colleges.

Adult education and special tuition programmes are offered by Cobbler’s Workroom.

Table 3.1 below provides detail about the three full primary schools in the area:

Table 3.1: Primary Schools

School Type Gender Decile Address Enrolment Scheme

Clevedon School State Primary Co-Ed 10 North Road Yes

Brookby School State Primary Co-Ed 8 West Road Yes

Orere School State Primary Co-Ed 3 Orere Point Road No

Table 3.2 below identifies the changes in enrolments in Clevedon surrounding schools rolls since

2005. Of note Clevedon has had a declining roll for the previous 4 years.

Table 3.2: School Rolls

School 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Clevedon School 386 358 349 348 331

Brookby School 85 101 106 112 112

Orere School 33 27 31 35 42

In addition to the above institutional land uses, Clevedon has a local library and a local museum.


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The library plays a dual role as a place for books and a place for people to gather, particularly the

elderly. It is operated and managed by volunteers. To supplement the old library establishment,

Manukau City Council operates a modern mobile library which visits weekly on Fridays.

There is also a local museum, the McNicol Homestead.

Churches

There are two main religious establishments in the Clevedon village; the Clevedon Presbyterian

Churchand the All Souls Anglican Church. Clevedon Presbyterian has capacity to seat 200 people

for a service, and All Souls Anglican has capacity to seat 100 people.

The two church establishments play an active role in the community because they accommodate

various social support programmes including after school care, parenting classes, counselling,

scouts and guides, youth activities and elderly group gatherings.

Marae

Umupuia Marae is the local marae.

Medical

There is a medical centre and a pharmacy located in the village centre. There is also a Labtests

collection centre on Main Road. There is currently a dental clinic located at Clevedon School.

However this is due to close and be replaced by a mobile clinic. In addition, a Plunket service

operates out of the Community Hall.

Emergency Services

Emergency services in Clevedon are operated and managed by volunteers. The volunteer fire

brigade is located on Clevedon Kawakawa Road, the Police station operates out of the old post

office building on North Road. A community constable is supported by a party of volunteers. There

is also a community Civil Defence group.

Social & Community Events

The Clevedon community support three main annual community events including the Clevedon A

& P Show, organized by the Clevedon A&P Association; the Clevedon Fireworks Night; and the

Christmas Parade which are both presented by the Clevedon Residents Association. Other annual

events and community projects held over 2009 include:

Clevedon School and Brookby School Agriculture Days

Lower Wairoa River Landcare planting/flood mitigation planning

Clevedon Scenic Reserve Walk and Talk

Clevedon Jazz, Wine and Food Festival

SRAM Tour de Ranges (cycle race)


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Molenberg SUB Stride or Ride

The Manukau City Council maintains a calendar of events and community projects. The calendar is

updated each month.

‘Manukau Leisure’ are a council owned organisation who are responsible for operating Council

owned facilities in Manukau the Clevedon Community Hall and the Clevedon District Centre. These

facilities are available for hire by anybody for activities such as community meetings, social

functions, church services or wedding receptions. The capacity of these facilities and others that

are not Council owned, is listed in the Appendix A.

The Clevedon Community have a community publication, Clevedon Roundup, which is produced

by volunteers and delivered free to Clevedon residents. The Roundup is produced out of the

Clevedon District Centre.

Markets

In celebration of Clevedon’s ‘rural lifestyle’ and in support of sustainable business and sharing local

goods and produce, there are weekly market days. The Clevedon village Farmer’s Market occurs

every Sunday and offers specialty foods, fresh local produce and interaction. The Clevedon Village

Market also occurs every Sunday and is an arts and crafts market.

Sports & Recreation

The Clevedon Showgrounds plays a major role in providing facilities for sports and recreation. The

Showgrounds are the base for equestrian, dressage, cricket, rugby, soccer and model airplane

activities. Clevedon Showgrounds is the home of the Auckland-Manukau Dressage Group.

The Clevedon School pool offers opportunities for public use in summer, and there are ‘Future

Fitness’ classes held in the Community Hall. The Clevedon Scenic Reserve is also widely used for

recreation.

Local sports and recreation clubs/organisations total almost fifteen and are various as listed in

Appendix A.

4.6 Summary

Clevedon is an established rural village as well as a busy township en route to a series of coastal

and inland settlements. The village fulfils the function of a small local service centre. It provides

agricultural support for the farming community, marine services for resident and/or visiting coastal

enthusiasts. It also supplies basic amenities and services for the permanent residential population.

In addition, there is a mix of boutique stores which cater for tourists and visitors. A number of

social and support services are provided in Clevedon in which volunteers play a significant role.

Sport and recreation is also important in the community as illustrated by the number of active

groups and community events scheduled throughout the year.


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5 Demographic Characteristics

5.1 Introduction

Clevedon village is located within a wider Clevedon community that is represented by the

Clevedon Community Board. This wider community includes the people of Whitford, Beachlands,

Maraetai, Brookby, Clevedon, Kawakawa Bay and Orere. The wider Clevedon community sits

within the Botany-Clevedon ward which is one of seven wards that comprise Manukau City. There

is extensive information published about the both the City and its various Ward and community

population characteristics. However, to obtain some specific data about Clevedon village,

information was gathered at the most detailed level possible, using Statistics New Zealand mesh

blocks and the 2006 census of population and dwellings11. This area is referred to as the

Clevedon Township and is illustrated in Figure 6.1 below.

11

Source Manukau City Council GIS 2009


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Figure 6.1 Clevedon Township

As shown, the mesh blocks include the main residential settlement as well as a small area

surrounding this. To provide some context of the nature of the Township, demographic information

is also assessed for the wider Clevedon community (Whitford, Beachlands, Maraetai, Brookby,

Clevedon, Kawakawa Bay and Orere) and Manukau City as appropriate. Additional statistics are

also outlined in Appendix B.

5.2 General Characteristics

The population for Clevedon Township, based on the mesh blocks identified, approximates 510

residents. This compares to the total for the wider Clevedon communityof 2,508.

The population of the Township is relatively youthful with two-thirds of people aged between 15

and 64. Around a quarter of people are under 15 years and only 8-9% are over the age of 65.


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23 February 2010 13

These proportions reflect the situation in the wider Clevedon community and Manukau City as a

whole.

In the wider Clevedon community and the Township there are two distinct population peaks (refer

graphs below) being the age groups of 10-14 years and 40-44 years. This suggests the high

presence of families with children. The statistics for ‘Family Type’ support this.

This distribution pattern differs to that of Manukau City mainly in the 15-30 year age groups where

the percentages are significantly less in Clevedon Township. This may be a reflection of those

residing elsewhere for tertiary level training and/or seeking different community and services than

are provided in Clevedon Township.

010203040506070

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Age group

Age distribution - Clevedon Township

05000

100001500020000250003000035000

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_29

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Age distribution - Manukau City

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Age distribution - Clevedon Community


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5.3 Ethnicity

The population of the wider Clevedon community and the Clevedon Township is predominantly

European (81-82%). This differs to Manukau City as a whole which has only 41% of the population

who identify themselves as European; the next largest groupings being Maori and Pacific Peoples.

Manukau City

Clevedon

Community Clevedon Township

Number % Number % Number %

European Ethnic Groups 125796 41 8295 81 414 82

Maori Ethnic Group 47346 15 798 8 39 8

Pacific Peoples' Ethnic Groups 86616 28 171 2 6 1

Asian Ethnic Groups 66720 21 195 2 18 3

Middle Eastern, Latin American

and American Ethnic Groups 4560 1 30 0 0 0

Other Ethnic Groups 17070 6 1281 13 69 13

Total People 310335 10206 504

5.4 Families

Couples with children make up 59% of families in Clevedon Township, while couples without

children make up 29% of families. In the wider Clevedon community, couples with children make

up 50% of families, while couples without children make up 39% of families. In Manukau City,

couples with children make up 50% of families, while couples without children make up 28% of

families.

Approximately 12% of families in Clevedon Township are one-parent-with-children families,

compared with 9% in the wider Clevedon community and 23% for Manukau City as a whole.


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23 February 2010 15

Manukau City

Clevedon



Couples without children 23241 28 1197 39 42 29

Couples with child(ren) 41706 50 1518 50 84 59

One parent with child(ren) 19074 23 285 9 18 12

Total 84021 3039 141

5.5 Work & Income

The unemployment rate in Clevedon Township and the wider Clevedon community is 2% for

people aged 15 years and over, compared to 4% for all of Manukau City.

The Township has a higher percentage of Legislators, Administrators and Managers,

Professionals, and, Agriculture and Fishery Workers than in either the wider Clevedon community

or Manukau.

About 30% of people aged 15 years and over in Clevedon Township have an annual income of

$20,000 or less, compared to 28% in the wider Clevedon community and 37% for Manukau City as

a whole. In Clevedon Township, 28% of people aged 15 years and over have an annual income of

more than $50,000 compared with 26% of people in the wider Clevedon community and 14% for

Manukau City as a whole.

5.6 Households

Home ownership is high in Clevedon Township, with 57% of households in private occupied

dwellings own the dwelling, with or without a mortgage. For the wider Clevedon community, 52% of

households in private occupied dwellings own the dwelling, with or without a mortgage. In

Manukau City as a whole, 48% of households in private occupied dwellings own the dwelling, with

or without a mortgage.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Owned or Partly Owned

Not Owned Held in Family Trust

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Ownership of Dwelling by Household

Manukau City Clevedon Community Clevedon Township


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23 February 2010 16

Internet access is also high to Clevedon Township. 75% of households have access to the internet,

compared with 69% in the wider Clevedon community and 55% for Manukau City as a whole.

In Clevedon Township, 82% of households have access to a cellphone, compared with 76% of

households in the wider Clevedon community and 70% of households in Manukau City.

5.7 Summary

Overall, the Clevedon Township can be described as reflecting more the characteristics of the

wider Clevedon community than that of Manukau City. There is a variety of family types but with

strong representation by couples with children. It is a predominantly European, and well

represented by those earning over $50,000 annual income. Home ownership is high and

unemployment is lower than that in Manukau City. Access to internet and mobile phones is high

which may be a reflection of income levels and the ability to afford these services.

020406080

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No Access Cellphone Telephone Fax Machine

Internet

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Household access to phones, internet and fax machines



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6 Policy Context

6.1 Background

There are a number of plans and policies, prepared at the Manukau City Council level, that provide

context for the development of the City and its communities. The key strategies have been

identified in the sections below.

6.2 Towards 2060 – Our City’s Future (draft)

The draft Towards 2060 – Our City’s Future, is a strategic spatial plan which identifies what, where

and how growth and development will occur in Manukau over the next 50 years. It aligns options

for future growth with the planning and asset development programme in the LTCCP. Towards

2060 – Our City’s Future sets out a number of principles for growth which provide guidance on how

Manukau’s town centres, neighbourhoods and streets should look, feel and function. The principles

that are relevant to this assessment include:

Sustainable development

Enhancing the natural environment – Maintaining and increasing the life supporting capacity of the environment. Rediscovering and enhancing the natural environment for its amenity and beauty.

Quality neighbourhoods, town centres and villages – Creating attractive town centres, neighbourhoods and villages where people can meet, shop and access their local services such as doctors and dentists.

Enhance heritage and character

Community safety

Housing choice

Improved public transport and reduced reliance on the car

Good opportunities for economic growth and employment

Rural Precautionary Approach – Our rural areas are critical to the success and well-being of the city providing for rural productivity, recreation, cultural and scenic features of high value.

The draft strategic spatial plan proposes limited planned growth within the existing rural villages

such as Whitford and Clevedon, but no more growth or expansion into the general rural area.

6.3 Tomorrow’s Manukau – Manukau Apopo

The overarching policy framework for Manukau can be best appreciated through Tomorrow’s

Manukau – Manukau Aopopo. This document is the city’s vision and provides a framework for

community development into the future. It outlines the community’s values, priorities and

aspirations for the future. It presents the Community Outcomes which describe these aspirations.


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Tomorrow’s Manukau was first published in 2001 and it was reviewed in 2004/05. As a result of the

review, the overall vision stayed the same but the Community Outcomes were refined. The overall

vision is for “a Progressive Place, a Proud People and a Prosperous Economy.”

Clevedon is described in Manukau Apopo as a long established and self-reliant community with

highly developed farming infrastructure and clean, green rural open spaces, forest and beaches. It

comprises of a series of coastal and inland settlements including Whitford, Beachlands, Maraetai,

Clevedon, Kawakawa Bay and Orere Point. This is the ‘wider Clevedon community’ as referred to

in Section 5 of this report. The community vision for Clevedon is:

“Clevedon will be a rural, green environment of separate communities, linked by efficient transport

networks. A community where the physical infrastructure supports the population and where a

structured plan is in place to guide development.”

The community identified several areas needing particular attention. Those that are relevant to the

Clevedon Study include:

Safe Communities

Explore CCTV options for the Clevedon town centre

Moving Manukau

Improve roading

Healthy People

Reduce coastal pollution from sewerage overflows

Educated and Knowledgeable People

Access to education at all levels in the area

Facilitate availability of broadband infrastructure

Vibrant and Strong Communities

Ensure the elderly population has access to necessary services and facilities

Maintain the character of Clevedon rural communities

Thriving Economy

Ensure structured village design that maintains rural characteristics

Facilitate rural tourism e.g. Pohutukawa Coast

Sustainable Environment and Heritage

Ensure infrastructure capacity meets the population needs, in particular waste water


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Maintain the rural character of the area

Ensure urban limits are maintained.

6.4 Long Term Council Community Plan 2009-2019

The Long Term Council Community Plan 2009-2019 (LTCCP), provides a ten year strategic plan

for Manukau City. It adopts the Community Outcomes identified in Tomorrow’s Manukau and

identifies projects and methods to achieve the future goals and priorities. The LTCCP forecasts

spending on libraries, community facilities and streetscapes to improve the current level of service

provided.

Specifically for Clevedon, the LTCCP forecasts spending to upgrade the existing rural arterial road

network in the Clevedon area to accommodate increased traffic growth. In addition, the spending

forecasts for Manukau Water Limited are included in the LTCCP. It is forecast to prioritise spending

on improving the provision of water and wastewater services where it is most needed.

6.5 Draft Rural Growth Strategy12

The draft Rural Growth Strategy sets out an overall concept for managing growth in the rural areas

of Manukau (Clevedon, Whitford, Brookby and Beachlands).

Key features of the draft Rural Growth Concept include:

Focus on accommodating growth and development within existing towns and settlements.

Provide greater protection of important coastal values, and provide greater recreational opportunities orientated around the beach and coast where appropriate.

Retain the rural qualities of the area by looking at ways to support traditional rural activities such as agriculture and horticulture.

Provide new countryside living areas in close proximity to the existing urban limit to optimise the use of nearby urban services and facilities.

Undertake growth studies to assess whether growth is appropriate in Whitford, Beachlands and Clevedon, and then prepare structure plans, based on the growth studies, to guide the location, style, form and intensity of future development and ensure that the necessary infrastructure is provided.

Promote the Clevedon/Maraetai hills as the main divide between the wider rural area and countryside living zones.

Elements of the draft Rural Strategy’s growth concept that are particularly relevant to the Clevedon

Study include:

Focus on accommodating growth and development within existing rural villages and settlements (ie containment).

12

Source: Beachlands Sustainable Development Plan (2009), Manukau City Council


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Foreshadow the undertaking of growth studies to assess whether growth is appropriate in Clevedon, and the possible preparation of plan changes to be incorporated into the Operative District Plan to guide the location, style, form and intensity of future development and ensure that the necessary infrastructure is provided.

6.6 Cycle and Walking Strategy 2005-2015

The Manukau City Council Cycle and Walking Strategy is a policy document released in

September 2004. It forms part of the overall transport planning for Manukau City as set out in the

Transport Strategy to 2016. The Cycle and Walking Strategy focuses on developing a framework

to make cycling and walking more viable transport and recreational options in Manukau.

The Walking and Cycling Strategy’s key objectives that have particular relevance to this

assessment include:

Plan, develop and maintain a safe network for cycling and walking throughout the City

Ensure the adoption of appropriate safety design standards and an ongoing maintenance programme for cycling and walking facilities

Promote cycling and walking as viable modes of transport

Support and develop road safety education programmes for cycling and walking

Establish a network implementation, monitoring and evaluation plan.

The key strategy for the pedestrian network is to focus on pedestrian access and safety

improvements.

The strategy for the cycling network is to cater for all cyclists regardless of their trip purpose or

rider characteristics e.g. commuting cyclists, recreational cyclists. It plans for a strategic cycle

network which follows predominantly along arterial routes, a local cycle network developed for

those cycling to local destinations such has schools and shops, and a recreational network of off-

road routes. The strategic network forms the ‘skeleton’ of cycle routes from which the local and

recreational routes can develop. The Twilight Road route has been identified as a key strategic

cycle route. The Ormiston-Sandstone-Whitford-Maraetai route is also a key route.

Rural roads are a component part of the strategic cycle network as well as many recreational

routes. The strategy sets out specific measures for implementation on rural roads that form part of

the cycle network, including that whenever sections of rural roads are resealed or upgraded and

whenever shape correction works for safety improvements occur that a desirable cross section to

accommodate appropriate cycle facilities (widths and seal) is incorporated.

6.7 Clevedon Community Advocacy Plan 2008-2011

The Clevedon Community Advocacy Plan (CCAP) outlines the needs and aspirations of the

community. First developed in 2005, the CCAP was reviewed in 2008 to provide guidance for local

community development to 2011. The vision of the CCAP is “To meet the needs of the Clevedon

community of the Botany-Clevedon ward by advocating fairly and effectively on behalf of all

residents.” The Community priority for Clevedon is to improve water and wastewater servicing.


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The CCAP identifies the Clevedon Sustainable Development Plan as a vehicle to get this project

moving.

6.8 Summary

In general, the policy and planning documents acknowledge the uniqueness of the village and its

community. They commonly recognise the need for planned and careful growth. More specifically

the strategies identify the need to undertake studies to ascertain the nature of this growth and

priorities around water and wastewater servicing. The role of Clevedon in the council’s cycle

networks and implications on traffic growth on the roading network are also noted in various

strategies.


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7 Impacts of Change on Small Communities13

7.1 Introduction

To assist in understanding how Clevedon village may change as a consequence of growth, it is

useful to firstly examine previous studies and research on the potential changes. Although these

are mainly overseas based, they may provide an indication of the types of issues which will be of

relevance. A search of the literature has produced three main implications for growing

communities:

1. Growth results in increased population numbers and increased population diversity – more people, different people (Cortese, 1982);

2. There is a need to accommodate this population diversification by understanding newcomers’ demands and needs and learning to do things differently (Cortese, 1982; Richardson & Powe, 2004);

3. There is a need to build on what is already there and develop local capacities so to suitably integrate old and new social structures (Day, 1998)

In general, the concept of introducing more and different social services but by building on what is

already there, promotes sustainable development. This is achieved by recognising past

communities, supporting present ones and enabling development to meet the need of future

communities.

7.2 Growth and Diversification

Growth in a small community results in change. The most obvious of these changes is the increase

in population. However, there is also a change in the make up of the population. There are more

people and different people.

An increase in population and a diversification of the population leads to the need to accommodate

for more people and more needs.

Long time residents often have one set of social understandings and expectations and newcomers

bring another set in. There is a need to integrate these and make the transition to a new shared

13 References

Day, G. (1998) Working with the Grain? Towards Sustainable Rural and Community Development. Journal of

Rural Studies 14(1), 89-105

Cortese, C. (1982) The Impacts of Rapid Growth on Local Organisations and Community Services in Weber

et al. (1982) Coping with Rapid Growth in Rural Communities. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.

Richardson, R & Powe, N. (2004) Service Implications of Population Growth in Market Towns in the UK.

Planning, Practice & Research 19(4), 363-373.


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understanding, a new social culture. There will inevitably be a period during which there is a

disconnect between old ways of doing things and new expectations to be met.

In the case of Clevedon, it is currently a rural community and many of its essential community

services are run by volunteers (Fire Service, Community Library). For the volunteers, their primary

motivation for providing service is a commitment to the community. With growth, these community

services will potentially experience the stress and strain of needing to provide more of everything

and with increasing population diversity, they will be called upon to do things differently, be

responsive to different expectations and demands. This may not be viable for community services

run on a volunteer basis. Key positions may need to become paid positions.

There may also be a need to recruit for new positions. If these positions are filled by newcomers

and if they are paid positions, then the primary motivation for providing service changes. There will

be a change to the quality and manner of service delivery. This is accentuated by the difference in

the relationships between, and expectations of, the people providing the service versus the people

receiving the service.

This suggests that there may be a benefit in retaining long time residents in service delivery

positions as well as employing newcomers into new roles. This would enable the integration of

different social understandings and expectations through learning shared expectations. It would put

community services in a position to understand the needs of both long time residents and

newcomers by having both long time residents and newcomers in positions of organisational

power.

7.3 Learning to do Things Differently

Local businesses in growing communities are also required to do more of what they have been

doing but to do things differently.

In general, population growth has a positive effect on the patronage of local businesses and

services. However, the long term success of a local centre and continued patronage depends

greatly on its ability to provide not only more retail services but sufficient quality and range to meet

the needs and expectations of the new residents. If these needs and expectations are not met

there is the risk that people will travel elsewhere to meet their retail service needs.

In the case of Clevedon, the importance of retaining retail patronage in the town centre is relevant

because the strategy for growth (in accordance with local and regional policy guidance) is for

concentration and compact communities (integrating land use and transport to minimise car trips).

Further, there is a desire to retain the local community character and promote sustainable

development by way of local business support. Therefore, it is important to maximise the usage of

services within the town centre which will minimise car trips and promote support for local

business.

In planning for new retail and services in the town centre, it is important to understand the

differences between the newcomers and long time residents in terms of lifestyle, needs and

expectations. For example, if newcomers are residents who work outside the town and commute

daily, and if newcomers make up households where both partners work full time, then this


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introduces time pressures and the need for convenience and efficiency. This commonly dictates a

trend wherein people who work outside of town are more likely to shop in their place of

employment than in their local centre. This is because they are often time constrained as a result

of daily travel requirements and the opening hours of businesses in the local centre may not be

sufficiently convenient for their lifestyle.

There is also a link between where newcomers have come from and their tendency to take their

patronage elsewhere. For example, if newcomers have strong links to another urban area whether

through familiarity, habit or the range of services it offers, they will tend to shop in the places they

know and will resist a shift to patronage of their unfamiliar local centre.

These trends are largely dependent on the ability of a local centre to provide what it is that

residents are otherwise seeking elsewhere. However, there tends to be a differentiation between

food shopping and non-food shopping/entertainment.

People who live and work locally will tend to do food shopping locally but will travel elsewhere for

non-food items and entertainment (movies, restaurants) for the experience of going somewhere

different. By contrast, people who live locally but work elsewhere may be more likely to food shop

elsewhere (in their place of employment) for convenience but will tend to stay local, particularly for

entertainment (movies, restaurants), because they are less inclined to travel outside the area again

in the evening since they have just commuted for the day.

Based on the outcomes of the literature review, it would appear from this that there is greatest

opportunity to boost the success of the town centre by retaining the patronage of commuters for

food shopping. This could be done by extending the opening hours of local food stores.

7.4 Build on What is Already There

Growing communities require more services and different services to accommodate more and

different people. However, an attempt to accommodate newcomers’ needs and expectations

should not come at the expense of those of long time residents.

There is the risk that in an attempt to diversify, new services and ways of doing things are

introduced but they are poorly interconnected and bear no relation to what existed before.

Development in rural communities has often assumed that in order to achieve growth and

prosperity, traditional rural ways of doing things must be given away. However, this approach fails

to build on what is already there. The introduction of ‘alien’ components can upset the balance of

pre-existing lifestyles and contributes to a loss of local culture, identity and character.

The traditional features of rural communities have potential to form strong foundations for

sustainable development. Specifically, the strength of rural social networks and community culture

provide a basis for confidence and trust in a growing community.

Developing local capacities and finding ways of integrating the different social cultures of long time

residents and newcomers requires first and foremost an understanding of how the local community

works.


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8 Summary

This study has identified and documented information regarding the existing community of

Clevedon Township.

The study has identified a community that in terms of demographic characteristics is more

reflective of the wider Clevedon community (including Whitford, Beachlands, Maraetai, Brookby,

Clevedon, Kawakawa Bay and Orere) than that of Manukau City as a whole. In particular,

Clevedon Township has the highest level of home ownership, internet accesses, low

unemployment. However, it appears to be a mixture of those who live and work in the surrounding

rural area and others whole commute to other places for work.

There is a variety of community and organised social and recreation groups in the village, and the

contributions from local volunteers appears significant. With growth will come a need to consider

how appropriate is the level of provision of community services and how these will be resourced in

the future. This also applies to the amount of open space area and meeting future recreation

demands.

Access to public transport is limited but there is a need to access services that are not provided in

the village. To achieve some of the sustainable growth objectives, consideration of how these may

be provided locally will need to be considered.


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9 Next Steps

As noted in the previous section the scope of this background report has been to identify and

document information regarding the existing community of Clevedon. In particular, to ascertain

any social aspects that needs to be considered in the development of the CSDP. At this juncture,

the report is only at an interim stage. Once consultation has been undertaken with the community

on the potential development options, then this feedback will be able to be incorporated into a

more complete assessment.


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Appendix A

Sports & Recreation Groups

Name Group email or phone Location Website

Adrienne Murdoch Auckland-Manukau Dressage Group [email protected] Clevedon Showgrounds http://www.amdg.org.nz/

Alan Dick Papakura-Manukau Model Aero Club [email protected] Clevedon Showgrounds http://www.pmac-rc.org/

Debbie White Clevedon Pony Club [email protected] Clevedon Showgrounds http://www.clevedonponyclub.org.nz/

Kerry Williams Clevedon Cricket Club [email protected] Clevedon Showgrounds http://www.sportsground.co.nz/ClubSite.asp?SiteID=3546

Laura Bothamley Clevedon Adult Riding Club [email protected] Clevedon Showgrounds

Martin Grant Clevedon Football (Soccer) Club [email protected] Clevedon Showgrounds

Michelle Reddy Auckland District Harness Driving Club [email protected] Clevedon Showgrounds http://www.carriagedrivingnz.co.nz/index.html

Sarah Corson Clevedon Lawn Tennis Club [email protected] Clevedon Showgrounds

Tony Curran Wairoa Rangers Rugby Club [email protected] Clevedon Showgrounds http://www.wairoarangers.co.nz/

Club Secretary Clevedon Bowling Club 2928463 Clevedon Showgrounds

Sarah Corson Clevedon Paddling Club [email protected] Based around Wairoa River

Cathie Sherning Auckland Polo Club [email protected]

Various privately owned grounds http://www.aucklandpolo.co.nz/

Andrea Stewart Future Fitness exercise classes [email protected] Clevedon community hall

Ash (Caretaker) Clevedon Cruising Club - pleasure boating & mooring 2928318 Wairoa River - down North Road

Julia France Clevedon School swimming pool - summer community programme [email protected] Clevedon School http://www.clevedonschool.co.nz/Home/

Office Clevedon Presbyterian Church - child, youth, older residents programmes [email protected] Clevedon Presbyterian Church http://www.clevedonpresy.co.nz/Church/default.aspx

Office Clevedon Anglican Church - child, youth, older residents programmes [email protected] Clevedon Anglican Church

Jo McAllister Clevedon Scouts Group [email protected] Clevedon Scenic Reserve http://www.zdobby.co.nz/index.html

Outside the area A lot of Clevedon residents travel outside the area for sporting opportunities e.g. touch rugby, rugby, netball, BMX, water polo, athletics, swimming lessons,

etc.

mailto:[email protected]















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Capacity of Clevedon Community Facilities

Facility Capacity Use Location

Clevedon Community Hall

Main hall/gymnasium

Supper room

365 people

60 people Suitable for a wide number of uses. The hall and grounds cater for the Clevedon markets each weekend. 1 Papakura-Clevedon Road

Clevedon District Centre 30 people Small group activities and meetings 2 North Road

Clevedon Presbyterian Church 200 Church services & community activities (including Clevedon Kidz) 3 Papakura-Clevedon Road

All Souls Anglican Chiurch 100 Church services & community activities North Road

Clevedon Kidz ECE Centre 30 Early childhood education 3 Papakura-Clevedon Road

Clevedon Kindergarten 30 Early childhood education 14 Monument Road

Clevedon School No agreed capacity.

Current roll 331 + room for growth.

13-17 North Road


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Appendix B

Demographic Data

Age Distribution

Age

group

(Years)

Manukau City

Clevedon

Community

Clevedon

Township


0-4 28,023 9 708 7 39 8

5-9 28,758 9 921 9 51 10

10-14 29,550 9 870 8 54 11

15-19 28,131 9 633 6 21 4

20-24 23,673 7 390 4 24 5

25-29 21,093 6 378 4 15 3

30-34 22,938 7 678 6 36 7

35-39 25,332 8 921 9 36 7

40-44 25,440 8 1,116 10 63 12

45-49 22,245 7 882 8 48 9

50-54 18,147 6 765 7 33 6

55-59 15,969 5 675 6 24 5

60-64 12,231 4 549 5 12 2

65+ 27,429 8 984 9 39 8

Total 328,968 10,710 510


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Work & Income

Employment



Employed Full-time 113637 47 4317 53 195 53

Employed Part-time 28407 12 1296 16 66 18

Unemployed 10770 4 180 2 6 2

Not in the Labour Force 78057 32 1998 25 78 21

Work and Labour Force

Status Unidentifiable 11763 5 381 5 3 1

Total 242634 8145 366

Occupational Groups

Manukau City

Clevedon



Legislators, Administrators and

Managers 20316 14 1227 22 63 24

Professionals 18108 13 786 14 39 15

Technicians and Associate

Professionals 17679 12 678 12 24 9

Clerks 19275 14 627 11 24 9

Service and Sales Workers 17157 12 513 9 24 9

Agriculture and Fishery Workers 1941 1 294 5 36 14

Trades Workers 13032 9 582 10 24 9

Plant and Machine Operators and

Assemblers 13116 9 234 4 15 6

Elementary Occupations (include

Residuals) 21420 15 417 7 12 5

Total 142044 5604 261


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Income

Manukau City

Clevedon



5000 or Less 36471 15 912 11 51 14

5001-10000 17430 7 375 5 12 3

10001-20000 37116 15 996 12 48 13

20001-30000 30696 13 837 10 51 14

30001-50000 51492 21 1539 19 69 19

50001 or More 33777 14 2118 26 99 28

Not Stated 35655 15 663 8 21 6

Total 242634 8160 360

Households

Home ownership

Manukau City

Clevedon



Dwelling Owned or Partly Owned by

Usual Resident(s) 44949 48 1917 52 207 57

Dwelling Not Owned by Usual

Resident(s) 32076 34 846 23 138 38

Dwelling Held in Family Trust by Usual

Resident(s) 9669 10 699 19 0 0

Not Elsewhere Included 7590 8 204 6 15 4

Total 94281 3672 363


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Household access to phones, internet and fax machines

Manukau City

Clevedon



No Access to Telecommunications

Systems 2289 2 27 1 0 0

Access to a Cellphone/Mobile Phone 66270 70 2814 76 138 82

Access to a Telephone 80496 85 3270 88 159 95

Access to a Fax Machine 23739 25 1500 40 72 43

Access to the internet 52236 55 2544 69 126 75

Not Elsewhere Included 5763 6 117 3 6 3

Total Households 94281 3705 168

Note: Households can access more than one type of telecommunication device, therefore percentages do not add up to 100.


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Documents

Clevedon Sustainable Development Plan Background Report ......Clevedon Sustainable Development Plan 3AC180.00 23 February 2010 1 1 Introduction Manukau City Council (the Council) is