Class 2 Slide Deck Spring 2016 (1)

8/17/2019 Class 2 Slide Deck Spring 2016 (1)

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MBA 545: People and

Systems in Organizations


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Session 2

Co-teach:

Lesson:• Diversity, work performance and organizations


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Class Co-Teach Presentations


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esson

Diversity, work performance and

organizations


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!hat is Diversity"

#ow wo$ld yo$ define diversity"


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!hat is Diversity"#arvey, %llard p& 'ii

#ow wo$ld yo$ define diversity"


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%re %ttit$des towards Diversity

Changing"#arvey, %llard p& 'ii

#ow"

!hy"

(s it for the good"


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Change )odel

*nfreezing• Demographics

• +loal e'pansion• aws

• al$es• .conomics

Change• eadership

• Corporate/oards

• Diversity a$dits•

Training

0efreezing• Social

responsiility• /est practices

• %wards•

1le'ile work


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*nderstanding rganizational

0esponses to Change


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Definitions

Pre3$dice: 4 a preconceived eval$ative

attit$de ased on social gro$p

memership&5


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• (s pre3$dice ad" Common"


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• (s pre3$dice ad" Common"

• %ltho$gh pre3$dice can e positive, ne$tral

or negative, and conscience or $nconscio$s

it is the negative and $nconscio$s that can

lead to stereotypes&


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Definitions

Stereotype: 4generalized eliefs that all

memers of a gro$p possess the same

characteristics that are the most prolematic65


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Definitions

Stereotype: 4generalized eliefs that all

memers of a gro$p possess the same

characteristics that are the most prolematic65

ike pre3$dice, stereotypes can e positive,ne$tral or negative and are learned rather

than innate& It is a mental process, not a

behavior.


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Definitions

Discrimination: 4a behavior that occ$rs when

memers of a social identity gro$p are

treated $nfairly or $ne7$ally eca$se oftheir gro$p memerships&5


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*nderstanding Diversity

• oden8s Dimensions of Diversity 9#arvey

%llard p& 'v;

• Schein8s evels of rganizational C$lt$re9#arvey %llard p& 'v;


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ideo:


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Disc$ssion

• Think of an e'ample where yo$ have e'perienced:

– Pre3$dice

–

Stereotype – Discrimination


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Disc$ssion

• Think of an e'ample where yo$ have e'perienced:

– Pre3$dice

–

Stereotype – Discrimination

• Think of an e'ample where yo$ have e'hiited :

– Pre3$dice

– Stereotype

– Discrimination


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Stages of Diversity %wareness


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Power, %$thority, and (nfl$ence

• Power is the aility to get others to do

what yo$ want them to do

• Authority is formal power d$e to position

• Influence is the aility to lead others

witho$t the e'ertion of force or formal

a$thority


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So$rces of rganizational Power

9 from French & Raven;

• Coercive ability to punish

• !eward provide benefits

• Le"itimate/title based upon position

•

!eferent role model or mentor • #$pert experience or knowledge


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Theories of )otivation

Self-%ct$alization


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#erzerg8s Two-1actor Theory 9#ygiene Theory;

=o Satisfiers

or Tr$e )otivators

=o Satisfiers

or Tr$e )otivators=o Dissatisfiers

or #ygiene 1actors

=o Dissatisfiers

or #ygiene 1actors

• 0ecognition• %chievement• %dvancement• The work itself

• !ork conditions• Pay• /enefits• S$pervision


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)acgregor>s Theory ? and Theory @)anagement Styles

Theory @Theory @ Theory ?Theory ?

People are inherently

good and 3$st need to e

given the right

opport$nity and s$pport&

People are inherently

lazy and incompetent and

need to e directed and

watched&


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Process: )anaging Team Conflict

%cknowledge

0espond

Prepare


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Cooperativeness

% s s e r t i v e n

e s s

&i"h

&i"h

Low

Low

'

'

'

'

'

Competing

Compromising

%voiding %ccommodating

Collaorating

Conflict 0esponse )odel from #homas$%ilman


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Cross-C$lt$ral Conflicts

)onitor these areas on m$lti-national pro3ects:

• (nformation sharing

•#ierarchical vs& participative decision-making

• !ork ethic

• 0esistance to change

• Performance feedack

• 0isk tolerance


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+$idelines for (mproving Cross-

C$lt$ral Competence• %ccept that yo$r eliefs and ehaviors are

c$lt$rally o$nd, and represent only one

perspective of a sit$ation• Develop an awareness of other c$lt$res

• %void $sing attri$tions and stereotypes

•

%dopt Stephen Covey8s advice, 4Seek first to$nderstand, then to e $nderstood5

• (nstead of ass$ming yo$ have all the information,

ass$me that yo$ don8t


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• #igh Conte't 4 %now and trust first, then work &5 – .mphasis on Social Conte't

– Setting, stat$s and nonveral ehavior more importantthan words

–0elationship and tr$st more important than $siness goalsand o3ectives

– !elfare and harmony of gro$p is val$ed

• ow Conte't 'on(t take it personal) it(s *ust business"+ – Comm$nicate to e'change facts and information

– )eaning derived from words

– /$siness transactions more important than relationship andtr$st

– (ndivid$al achievement over gro$p welfare andf$nctioning

Aennedy, =&, 4P$t Diversity in Conte't5, ersonal -ournal 9Sept& BB;

#igh Conte't ow Conte't C$lt$res


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#igh Conte't ow Conte't C$lt$res

Chinese

Aorean

=apanese

ietnamese

%ra+reek

Spanish

(talian

.nglish


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%ttit$des towards Diversity:

(ndivid$al

•

erceptual 'istortions – 0tereotyping

– ro*ection

– erceptual 'efense

• 1ttributions

– Fundamental 1ttribution 2rror

– 0elf$serving bias

Individuals and groups tend to see prejudice and bias in others and not themselves.

% i d d Di i


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• .thnocentrism – +ro$p or c$lt$re s$perior

• )onoc$lt$re

– %ccepts only one way of doing things and set val$es and

eliefs

• .thno-relativism

– +ro$ps and s$c$lt$res are inherently e7$al

• Pl$ralism

– rganization accommodates several s$c$lt$res

%ttit$des towards Diversity:

rganizational


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/ennet, )&, -ournal of Intercultural Relations BG 9BHF;

I - %daptation

B - Denial

2 - Defense

J - )inimizing Differences

K - %cceptance

F - (ntegration

#ighest evel of %wareness

owest evel of %wareness


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F - (ntegration – )$ltic$lt$ral attit$de

I - %daptation – %le to empathize with other c$lt$res

– %le to shift from one c$lt$ral perspective to another

K - %cceptance –

%ccepts ehavioral and val$e differences – 0ecognizes validity of other perspectives

J - )inimizing Differences – #ides or trivializes c$lt$ral differences

– 1oc$ses on similarities among all peoples

2 - Defense –

Perceives threat from others – *ses negative stereotyping

– %ss$mes own c$lt$re s$perior

B - Denial – Parochial world view

–


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% /est Practice 1ramework for .nhancing Comm$nications and

.ffectiveness on )$ltic$lt$ral Teams

B& Create Diversity %wareness

– Training designed to make people aware of their

own pre3$dices and stereotypes

2& Develop Team-/ased al$es

– T% and Team Charter creation

J& C$lt$ral

Documents

Class 2 Slide Deck Spring 2016 (1)