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Cisco Public© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

IPv6 Routing

© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2

Agenda• IPv6 Routing Concepts in CCNA R&S

• IPv6 Host Routing Table

• IPv6 Routing Table

• Connected Routes

• Local Routes

• Static Routing

• Default Route

“The rest of this is exactly like IPv4 only different”

- Rick Graziani at Academy Conference 2013 right after he finishes talking about IPv6 address types


Chapter 6: Static Routing

• 6.2.3 Configure IPv6 Static Routes

• 6.2.4 Configure IPv6 Default Routes

• 6.4.2 Configure IPv6 Summary Routes

Chapter 7: Routing Dynamically

• 7.3.2 Configuring the RIPng Protocol

• 7.5.4 Analyze an IPv6 Routing Table

Chapter 8: Single-Area OSPF

• 8.3 Configuring Single-area OSPFv3

Note: EIGRP for IPv6 covered in Scaling Networks

Routing & Switching Essentials – IPv6 Content

Draft


• 6.2.4.4 Packet Tracer – Configuring IPv6 Static and Default Routes

• 6.2.4.5 Lab – Configuring IPv6 Static and Default Routes

• 6.4.2.4 Packet Tracer – Configuring IPv6 Route Summarization

• 6.4.2.5 Lab – Calculating Summary Routes with IPv4 and IPv6

• 6.5.2.5 Lab – Troubleshooting IPv4 and IPv6 Static Routes

• 7.3.2.3 Packet Tracer - Configuring RIPng

• 7.3.2.4 Lab – Configuring RIPv2 and RIPng

• 7.5.4.4 Activity – Identify Parts of an IPv6 Routing Table Entry

• 8.3.3.5 Packet Tracer – Configuring Basic OSPFv3 in a Single Area

• 8.3.3.6 Lab – Configuring Basic Single-Area OSPFv3

Routing & Switching Essentials – Labs and Activities

Draft


Host Routing Table

• Introduction to Networks 6.2.1.6


Router(config)# ipv6 unicast-routing

• A router’s interfaces can be enabled (configured with an IPv6 address) for IPv6 like any other device on the network

• For the router to “act” as an IPv6 router it must be enabled with the ipv6-unicast routing command

• This enables the router to:• Send ICMPv6 Router Advertisement messages • Enable the forwarding of IPv6 packets• Configure static routing and participate in IPv6 routing

protocols (EIGRP for IPv6, OSPFv3)

• Similar to “old” ip routing command for IPv4 which is enabled by default

Making a Router an IPv6 Router


IPv4 Routing Table

R1# show ip route

C 172.17.0.0/16 is directly connected, Loopback3

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks


C 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0


• IPv4 Routing table lists the classful network first and subnets below the respective classful network


IPv6 Routing TableR1# show ipv6 routeIPv6 Routing Table - 8 entriesCodes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6 I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2 ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2 D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP externalC 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0L 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/128 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0C 2001:DB8:CAFE:1111::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Loopback0C 2001:DB8:CAFE:A001::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/0L 2001:DB8:CAFE:A001::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/0C 2001:DB8:CAFE:A002::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/1L 2001:DB8:CAFE:A002::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/1L FF00::/8 [0/0] via ::, Null0


Examining the Routing Table


Show IPv6 Route CommandSyntax

• show ipv6 route [ipv6-address | ipv6-prefix/prefix-length [longer-prefixes] | [protocol] [updated [boot-up] [day month] [time]] | interface interface-type interface-number | nsf | table table-id |watch]

Useful Options*:

• show ipv6 route connected

• show ipv6 route local

• Show ipv6 route static

*These options not supported by Cisco Packet Tracer


Connected Routes• R1 has four interfaces on which a global IPv6 unicast address has been

configured

• Interfaces that are [up/up] are added to the routing table identified with a C in the IPv6 routing table

R1# show ipv6 interface briefFastEthernet0/0 [up/up] FE80::1 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1FastEthernet0/1 [administratively down/down]Serial0/0/0 [up/up] FE80::1 2001:DB8:CAFE:A001::1Serial0/0/1 [up/up] FE80::1 2001:DB8:CAFE:A002::1Loopback0 [up/up] FE80::202:16FF:FE73:1889 2001:DB8:CAFE:1111::1

R1# show ipv6 route

C 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0C 2001:DB8:CAFE:1111::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Loopback0C 2001:DB8:CAFE:A001::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/0C 2001:DB8:CAFE:A002::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/1

*Only connected shown


R1# show ipv6 routeIPv6 Routing Table - 8 entriesCodes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6 I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2 ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2 D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP externalC 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::/64 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0L 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/128 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0C 2001:DB8:CAFE:1111::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Loopback0C 2001:DB8:CAFE:A001::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/0L 2001:DB8:CAFE:A001::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/0C 2001:DB8:CAFE:A002::/64 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/1L 2001:DB8:CAFE:A002::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/1L FF00::/8 [0/0] via ::, Null0

Local Routes

L Routes


Local Routes• Not routable

• Local route = similar to what we called a host route in IPv4

• Host routes point to the router’s IPv6 global unicast addresses

• The router uses these routes when the packets are addressed to one of its own interfaces

• Router can more efficiently process packet to itself

• Host routes in IPv6 will have /128 prefix

L 2001:DB8:CAFE:1::1/128 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/0L 2001:DB8:CAFE:A001::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/0L 2001:DB8:CAFE:A002::1/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/1L FF00::/8 [0/0] via ::, Null0L FF80::/10 [0/0] via ::, Null0


Local RoutesMulticast• Multicast addresses are not routed

• FF00/8 is the route to the entire multicast range

• The router will drop all multicast packets directed towards multicast groups which are not in the routing table

• If a host joins a multicast group then that multicast group address will be added to the routing table

Link-Local• FE80/10 is the link-local address

• If a router receives a packet destined to link-local address it will drop it

• L FE80::/10 [0/0] does not appear in the output of show ipv6 route in Packet Tracer

L FF00::/8 [0/0] via ::, Null0L FF80::/10 [0/0] via ::, Null0

Multicast

Link-local


Static Route IPv6 Command Syntax


Default Static IPv6 Command Syntax


Static RoutingStatic Routing is configured using ipv6 route command

Next Hop Interface (recommended due to CEF forwarding)

• ipv6 route 2001:db8:cafe:3333/64 2001:db8:cafe:A003

Outgoing Interface

• ipv6 route 2001:db8:cafe:3333/64 s0/0/1

Link-local as Next Hop*

• ipv6 route 2001:db8:cafe:3333/64 fe80::3 s0/0/1Need to specify which interface with a fully specified static route as the link-local address can be the same on multiple interfaces

Summary route

• ipv6 route 2001:db8:cafe::/48 2001:db8:feed::1


Distance Vector Routing Protocols

Link State Routing Protocols

Path Vector

RIPv2 EIGRP OSPFv2 IS-IS BGP-4

RIPng EIGRP for IPv6

OSPFv3 IS-IS for IPv6

BGP-4 for IPv6

IPv4

IPv6

Distance Vector Link State Path Vector

Interior Gateway Protocols

Exterior Gateway Protocols

IPv6 Dynamic Routing Protocols

Most IPv6 routing protocol commands are identical to their IPv4 counterpartJust need to substitute “ipv6” for “ip”


Static Routing PT Activity

1) Enable ipv6 unicast-routing

2) Configure static routes

3) Configure default routes

4) Configure floating static route


PT ActivityConfiguring Static and Default IPv6 Routes

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