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Introduction Solliance
▪ 1
l e d b y i m e c , E C N a n d T N O
CIGS update June 2017for TKI Urban Energy
Ando Kuypers
Introduction Solliance
▪ 2
Update CIGS
▪ Solliance CIGS program
▪ IW-CIGSTech 8 Stuttgart
▪ Public data
▪ InterSolar München
Introduction Solliance
▪ 3
CIGS update June 1999: CISZO report ECN for NOVEM
Introduction Solliance
▪ 4
The “Dead or Alive” issue
Introduction Solliance
▪ 5
Collapse?
Or preparation for
a jump upwards?
Introduction Solliance
▪ 6
First Solar shuts
down sites while
preparing for Series 6
(from 0,72 towards
2,16 m2 modules)
Solar Frontier starting
up next generation
CIGS production
Collapse?
Introduction Solliance
▪ 7
Introduction Solliance
▪ 8
CIGS
930 MW in 2015
875 MW in 2016
Cumulative: 5,3 GW
(= 1,8% of all PV)
CdTe: 14,7 GW
aSi: 2,9 GW
Total: 22,9 GW
thin film installed
(= 7,6% of all PV)
Introduction Solliance
▪ 9
2016: CIGS WhitePaper “The time to invest is now!”
http://cigs-pv.net/download/
Introduction Solliance
▪ 10
World-wide CIGS investments
▪ >400 M€ of CIGS equipment investments in last 2 quarters (almost 700 MW)
▪ Solar Frontier started new production line (150MW) in summer 2016
▪ SIVA 25M$ new investments
Investments in CIGS equipment
Equipment Added capacity Supplier Client Country Date
20 MEUR Singulus JV CN energy + Hanergy CN Q1 2017
263 MEUR 306+44 MW Manz JV Shanghai Electric-Shenhua CN Q1 2017
110 MEUR 2x150 MW Singulus CNBM (upscaling Avancis) CN Q4 2016
>15 MEUR 40 MW Midsummer SunFlare CN Q4 2016
CIGS is embraced by “Made in China 2025” roadmap
Global Solar/Miasole
Manz
Avancis
Midsummer
Introduction Solliance
▪ 11
Company Nationality Remarks Commercial total area
efficiency
Solar Frontier Japan >90% of global CIGS
production; 900MW +
150MW expanded 2015
11,8-13,8
Stion United States Expanded 2015 12,4-14,2
Solibro Germany Owned by Hanergy;
turnkey offer for factory
15% average, 16%
monthly champions
Miasole United States
China
Owned by Hanergy 13-14,7
Global Solar United States Owned by Hanergy 14,7 aa
Avancis Germany
South Korea
China
Owned by CNBM. 200MW
+ 300MW expansion. GW
ambitions
12,3-13,8 module
13,6-15,2 aa
Manz/Wurth
NICE PV research
Germany
China
Owned by Shanghai
Electric / Shenhua
14
14,6
Ascent Solar United States Raised new capital
Introduction Solliance
▪ 12
Company Nationality Remarks Commercial total area
efficiency
Flisom Switzerland Research line 50cm wide;
2015 100cm wide pilot line.
Midsummer
Sunflare
Sweden
China
Sells turnkey CIGS.
Starting production
Champion cell 16,3%
Sunshine PV Taiwan Aimed at BIPV
Sunharmonics China Relocated
SIVA Power US Startup
Solopower United States Restarted 11,5
AdPV China 100 MW announced 2016
Crystalsol Austria Startup CZTS
Sunplugged Austria Startup
Arcelor Mittal France Startup
…
Introduction Solliance
▪ 13
Solar Frontier
2017-02-27
Solar Frontier’s Atsugi Research Centre
team achieves CIS Thin-Film Submodule
Highest Efficiency World Record of 19.2%
Solar Frontier also achieved another world
efficiency record of 19.8% on a 7cm×5cm-
sized CIS thin-film mini-module
World record on cell level achieved in 2016
(unconfirmed) 22.8%
Introduction Solliance
▪ 14
Solar Frontier
▪ This achievement was the result of improvements of CIS absorber layer and buffer
layers performed under joint research between Solar Frontier’s Atsugi Research Centre
(ARC) and the National Research and Development Agency’s New Energy and Industrial
Technology Development Organization (NEDO)
▪ The technological advances made at ARC are swiftly being applied to mass production
through Solar Frontier’s integrated research and production framework, which includes a
pilot plant with production equipment on which the Kunitomi Plant’s machinery is based.
▪ With the new technology applied to this latest global record-breaking submodule, Solar
Frontier is planning to start mass production of CIS modules with much greater efficiency
at its Kunitomi Plant from this summer (annual capacity 900MW).
Introduction Solliance
▪ 15
Roadmap CIGS module improvement
▪ Grids: + 2-3%
▪ 2nd buffer (ALD ZnMgO) + 1% (higher Voc by reduced interface recombination)
▪ K-PDT + 1% (several nm KF at RT)
▪ Band profile + 1% (graded bandgap, selenisation&sulphurisation)
▪ TCO optimisation + 0,5-1%
▪ Na-doping of buffer + x%
▪ Passivation + x% (ALD Al-oxide passivation)
▪ Thinner absorber - reduced cost
▪ Advanced / back end interconnect - added value at reduced cost
▪ Polyolefine replacing EVA - added value at reduced cost
▪ Low cost front encapsulation - added value at reduced cost
▪ Improved/predictable lifetime - bankability, added value at reduced cost
MACSIS
ACCESS
SURPRICE
FRONTCIGS
PEARL
iMESH
2PV
CALM
DESIRE
Introduction Solliance
▪ 16
CIGS Efficiency roadmap
▪ Solibro (Manz, MiaSolé) now 15% monthly average, 16% monthly champion,
▪ Solibro 17,0% world record @ 0,94 m2 (production line + 1 additional step)
▪ Solibro 18,6% aperture area on 30x30 cm2; 21,0% on 1 cm2 (Solar Frontier 22,8%)
▪ Module target 2018: 18%, 2019: 19%, 2020: 20%
Introduction Solliance
▪ 17
Application development
Introduction Solliance
▪ 18
Recent Solliance achievements in CIGS
▪ Atmospheric processing: electrochemical CIG + elemental Se/ H2S
• Efficiency: absorber 15,6% (0,5 cm2), cell 15,0% (0,5 cm2)
• First fully in house produced, back end interconnected module : 5,8% (23 cm2)
▪ Large area spatial ALD on glass: uniform Al oxide for barrier/passivation
▪ Spatial ALD on PI foil: ZnOS buffer layer
▪ Back end interconnection: shunt free P3 laser scribing
▪ Degradation and life time: mechanisms wrt encapsulation and shadowing
▪ Integration: BIPV (PV OpMaat, BIPVPOD), SolaRoad
l e d b y i m e c , E C N a n d T N O
CigsIs GrowingStronger !
www.solliance.eu