CIAE - 16022012

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DST’S PERSPECTIVE FOR

RESEARCH FUNDING

DR. G.J. SAMATHANAMDEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (DST)

Email: [email protected]

CIAE, Bhopal

16.02.2012

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“I don’t need to know

everything,

I just need to knowwhere to find it when

I need”

- Einstein

http://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.myanmars.net/myanmar-history/albert-einstein.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.myanmars.net/myanmar-history/albert-einstein-quote.htm&h=497&w=407&sz=54&tbnid=jWIelBQ6WTnf9M:&tbnh=130&tbnw=106&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEinstein&hl=en&usg=__hwfzea7a3HI47LCVkQec5DDnBuU=&ei=BKzVS8foJI_o7APfjIy4Dw&sa=X&oi=image_result&resnum=9&ct=image&ved=0CB4Q9QEwCA

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Purpose of R &D Funding

To encourage intramural and extramural R&D.

To attract innovative minds in the university system toinvolve them in the programmes of funding agencies.

To foster orientation towards science in higher education. To create mega S&T facilities for basic and applied research.

To train quality and adequate S & T manpower includingthrust areas.

To encourage technology development and transfer and IPR

To share the fruits of research and development withhumanity.

To encourage international S&T cooperation.

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R & D in INDIA

Scientific Policy Resolution 1958 aims tofoster, promote, and sustain, by all appropriatemeans, the cultivation of science, and scientificresearch in all its aspects - pure, applied, and

educational. Technology Policy Statement 1983

provides incentive to industrial R&D, manpowerdevelopment, infrastructure development.

Science Policy 2003 provides for infrastructure,

empowerment of women, sustainable development,Public Private Partnership in R&D, IPR, vigorouslyfoster scientific research in academic institutions.

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S & T System in India

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S&T DEPARTMENTS IN INDIA

Departmentof

Space

Ministryof

Earth Sciences

Departmentof

Atomic Energy

Department

ofBiotechnology

CentralGovernment

S&TDepartments

Department ofScientific &IndustrialResearch

Department ofScience andTechnology

Council for Scientific

& Industrial Research

Departmentof

Health Research

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MINISTRIES/DEPARTMENTS/AGENCIES FUNDING EMR PROJECTS

Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) Department of Bio-Technology (DBT) Department of Coal (DOC) Ministry of Earth Sciences (formerly Department of Ocean Development) Department of Science & Technology (DST) Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR)

Department of Secondary & Higher Education (DOSHE) Ministry of Communications & Information Technology (MOCIT) Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources (MNES) Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (MOSJE) Ministry of Water Resources (MOWR) All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) University Grants Commission (UGC)

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NATIONAL R&DFUNDING SCENARIO

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R&D EXPENDITURE AS PERCENT OF GDP FOR SELECTED COUNTRIES 2004-07

Australia

Brazil

Egypt

France

Italy

Sri Lanka

Sweden

United Kingdom

United States

Venezuela

Singapore

Israel

Hungary

IndiaArgentina

Austria

Canada

China

Denmark Germany

Korea, Rep.

Japan

Pakistan

Spain

Russian Fed.

Czech Rep.

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

COUNTRIES

R & D E X P E N D I T U R E A S % O

F G D P

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National R&D Expenditure asPercentage of GNP

R&D as % of GNP

0.74

0.76

0.78

0.8

0.82

0.84

0.86

0.88

0.9

2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

For 2007-08 : Total Value : Rs.37778 crores

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Public Sector Investment on R&D

Countries Government Source%

Japan 26.0

USA 35.5

Germany 36.7

France 41.7

UK 32.7

Canada 30.1

India 75.0Korea Rep. 15.9

Israel 40.7

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National R&D Expenditure Sector-wise(2007-08)

Central

Government,

57.50%

Higher Educat ion,

4.40%

Public Sector

Indust ry , 4.50%

Stat e

Government,

7.70%

Private Sector

Indust ry, 30.40%

Total Value : Rs.377780 crores

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AGENCY-WISE SUPPORT TO R&D PROJECTS, 2005-06

572.11

183.85

174.73

57.29

30.37

24.21

23.12

21.53

19.51

17.959.82

9.79

8.39

11.12

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650

DST

MCIT

DBT

ICMR

DRDO

CSIR

M OEF

DOC

DAE

UGC

AICTE

MOWR

DSIR

OTHERS

A G E N C

EXTRAMURAL R&D SUPPORT (Rs. Crores)

(89)

(9)

(41)

(138)

(758)

(115)

(11)

(56)

(247)

(137)

(207)

(422)

(42)

(1297)

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SUBJECT AREA-WISE NUMBER OF R&D

PROJECTS (2005-06)

682639

565516

469342

262

94

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Biological

Sciences

Engineering &

Technology

M edical

Sciences

Chemical

Sciences

Earth

Sciences

Physical

Sciences

Agricultural

Sciences

M athematics

No. of Projects

No. of Projects

Total No. of Projects : 3569 Value : Rs.1164 crores

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Gender-wise Distribution of PrincipalInvestigators During 2007–2008

-------------------------------------------------------Sex Number Percentage

-------------------------------------------------------

Male 2396 (2797) 77 (80)

Female 669 (683) 22 (19)

----------------------------------------------------------

Total 3100 (3515) 100

------------------------------------------------------- Figure in parenthesis number of projects

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Trend of Women PI’s in EMR

Year No. of PI’s No. of projects

2005-06 611 678

2006-07 784 804

2007-08 669 683

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11th Five Year Plan – Thrust forScience & Technology

PlanAllocations

10th F Y P(2002 - 2007)

11th F Y P(2007 – 2012)

S & T 25,506 1,21,973

DST 4,399 11,160

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DST Thrust for Rejuvenation of Indian S & T in 11th FYP

Talent supply chain problem

Investment limitations in S & T Delivery efficiency for resources

Strengthening institutional frame work

Quantification of out come impacts

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Newer Schemes of 11th FYP in DST

Water Technology Initiative

Solar Energy Research Initiatives

National Mission Climate Change

National Campaign for Talent Fostering

Innovation Clusters

Security Technology Initiative

Mega Facilities for Basic Research

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Plan Budget at a Glance

1497.353400

11028

30600

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

9th Plan 10th Plan 11th Plan 12th Plan

Budget Allocation

Actuals

R s .

( I n

C r o r e s )

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New Programme in XII FiveYear Plan

Policy Objectives: Study reports, policy researchstudies, development of STI indicators

Dhisha Programme for Women in Science WomenMobility Scheme for Employed Scientists

Platforms for Technology Solution Alliance & R & D Mission

Super Computer Facility and Capacity Building

Overseas Doctoral Scholarships

Overseas Postdoctoral Fellowships

Start-Up Research Grant for Indian Diaspora

Challenge Award for Global Positioning

National Centres in Advanced Research

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DST’S BUDGET

2002-03 Rs. 921 crores 2003-04 Rs. 992 crores 2004-05 Rs.1290 crores

2005-06 Rs.1658 crores 2006-07 Rs.1759 crores 2007-08 Rs.1787 crores 2008-09 Rs.1780 crores

2009-10 Rs.2075 crores 2010-11 Rs.2100 crores 2011-12 Rs.2349 crores

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SERC (Changed as SERB)

Support to R&D projects – ChemicalSciences, Physical Sciences, Life Sciences,Engineering, Mathematical, Atmospheric

and Earth Sciences

IRHPA

Seminar/Symposia assistance

Nano Science / Nano Technology Mission

NSTMIS

Utilization of Scientific Expertise of RetiredScientists (USERS)

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INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

Fund for improvement of Science & Technology infrastructure in Universities /and Higher Educational Institutions (FIST)

programme.

Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentsfacility

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HUMAN RESOURCES FOR INDIAN S&T ADVANCEMENT

SERC Schools/Training programmes / workshops

DST schools in mathematical modeling in ESS

Fellowships – JC Bose, Ramanujan, Ramanna,Kishore Vaigyanik Protsahan Yojana

BOYSCAST International Conference – paper presentation

Fast Track Scheme for Young Scientists.

Science Olympiad Programmes

Innovation of Science Pursuit for Inspired Research

(INSPIRE)

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INNOVATION OF SCIENCE PURSUITFOR INSPIRED RESEARCH (INSPIRE)

Launched on 13.12.2008 by Prime Minister

11th Plan allocation of Rs.2000.00 crores

Scheme for Early Attraction of Talents for Science(SEATS) – Rs.5000 per year to one million children agegroup 10-15 years; summer camp 50,000 children, 70locations for toppers of Class X board

Scholarship for Higher Education (SHE) – 10,000scholarship Rs.80,000 per year for B.Sc./M.Sc. innatural sciences, 17-22 years. 1% of CBSE / State

Board / IIT Entrance Exam etc.

Assured Opportunity for Research Careers (AORC) – doctoral fellowship, age group 22-27 years, basic andapplied science provision for PD fellowship for 5 years.

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TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTPROGRAMMES

Technology Systems Development

Instrumentation Development

Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Research

Joint Technology Projects

Technology Development Board

Water Technology Initiatives

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INTERNATIONAL S&T COOPERATION

Indo-US S&T Forum

Indo-French Centre

NAM S&T Centre

STIO Programme S&T Agreements

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SOCIO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

S&T Application for rural development programme

Tribal sub-plan / Special Component for SC/ST.

National S&T Entrepreneurship Development

NCSTC

State S&T Programme

Technology Business Incubators

NRDMS

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GENDER INITIATIVES

Empowerment of women

Fellowship for women scientist

Re-entry of women scientist into research

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Outer Space Events (ARIES, IIA, RRI)

Global History and Health (BSIP, IIG, WIHG)

Molecule to Material Science (BI, CLCR, IACS, JNCASR,SNBNCBS)

Science Applications for Well Being (ARI, ARC-I, SCTIMST)

Technology Forecasting (TIFAC)

Science Popularization (Vigyan Prasar)

Capacity Building (INSA, IAS, NSAI, INAE, ISCA)

SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS

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Survey of India

National Atlas and Thematic MappingOrganization (NATMO)

National Accreditation Board for Testing andCalibration Laboratories (NABL)

National Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)

S&T BASED SERVICES

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OUTPUT INDICATORS

Not everything that counts can be counted, and not

everything that can be counted counts –

Einstein’s Office

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Publication Productivity and World Share (2006)

Country No. of Papers

USA 362060 (22%)

UK 116469 (7%)

Japan 103465 (6.2%)

Germany 98648 (6%)

China 174402 (10.5%)

France 70550 (4.3%)

Canada, Italy, Russia, Spain,

Australia, India 40062 (2.4%)

Netherlands, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland,Taiwan, Brazil, Poland and Belgium

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Broad Disciplines of World Publications(1996 – 2006)

Physical Sciences 41.2%

Life sciences 30.2%

Engineering Sciences 29.4%

Health Sciences 21.4%

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Most Productive Subject Area (1996–2006)

Medicine 56835

Chemistry 47883

Physics 42751

Agriculture & Biology 40335Engineering 39013

Bio-chemistry, Genetics and MB 36639

Material Science 35616

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Indian Research Output (1996 – 2006)

Tamil Nadu 48365

Maharashtra 46014

Delhi 40140

Karnataka 35378

West Bengal 32443

Uttar Pradesh 29895

Andhra Pradesh 21024

Kerala 10339

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Top Ten Productive S&T Institutions(1996 – 2006)

IISc., Bangalore 11488

University of Delhi 8789

AIIMS, New Delhi 7665

IIT, Delhi 6667IIT, Kharagpur 6381

BARC, Mumbai 6308

IIT, Madras 5790

IIT, Mumbai 5667IIT, Kanpur 5378

BHU, Varanasi 4996

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PROMOTION OF UNIVERSITY RESEARCH ANDSCIENTIFIC EXCELLENCE (PURSE)

Provide incentive grant system based onevidence of scientific publications.

Rs.10.00 crores per year for three years to

Delhi, Hyderabad and Punjab Universities. Rs.5.00 crores per year for three years to

Pune, Jadavpur, BHU.

Rs.3.00 crores per year for three years toMadras, Mumbai, JNU, Anna, KarnatakaUniversity, AMU.

Rs.2.00 crores per year for three years toAndhra Pradesh, Rajasthan.

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PCT FILINGS WITH INDIANPATENT OFFICES

Year Individual Legal Entities Total

2000-01 174

2001-02 49 189 238

2002-03 57 227 284

2003-04 102 328 430

2004-05 105 351 456

2005-06 130 352 482

2006-07 144 390 534

TREND OF PATENTS FILED AND GRANTED IN INDIA

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0

6000

12000

18000

24000

30000

00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07

PA T ENT S FILED

P A T E N T S

GRANTED

TREND OF PATENTS FILED AND GRANTED IN INDIA

PATENTS GRANTED TO INDIANS & FOREIGNERS

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0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07

INDIAN FOREIGN

PATENTS GRANTED TO INDIANS & FOREIGNERS

YEAR

NUM BER OF PATENTS

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Perspectives of Funding Agency (1)

Spontaneous desires

Scientific orientation, observations and reasoning – why,what, where?

Away from the routine

Poorly written, descriptive, no clear hypothesis, poorreview, methodology, outcomes.

Participation National and International seminar, symposia

Interdisciplinary thinking, participation and approach

Industry – institutional interaction

Poor publication and exposure to Subject Matter Specialist

Expose your ideas for healthy criticisms

A naturalist’s life would be happy one if he had only to

observe and never to write – Charles Darwin

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Identify the right window – Department – Division – Scheme

Depending on thrust area and priority orient the title,objectives, methodology etc.

Get comments/criticisms from performers

Get expertise of project writing/operating through lesscost project and easy funding source (Minor to Major)

Major projects don’t be too ambitious in the beginning Not to be too ambitious/avoid demands for vehicle,

buildings Importance to ethical and other regulatory requirements.

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Title of the project very clear & modest Plan your objectives within your capacity Proper analysis and controls Reflect status of the problem national/international.

Highlight your expertise in subject area Highlight strength of the institution in subject area Visualise budget of recurring and non-recurring

realistically Anticipate all possible expenditure and project the

same in the budget

Refer the latest Notification for project staff emoluments etc.

Avoid asking extraordinary manpower positions Realistic overhead charges

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New equipment go for the latest and quote and the costaccordingly

Don’t propose many equipment of major

Don’t propose many minor equipment too

If there is room for sharing major equipment throughother scheme or institute source, qualify the same.

Don’t throw half backed proposals

Referees proposed be representing National

Proper presentation of hard copies Address it to HOD/concerned officer

Preferably hand it over in person

Obtain the contact phone/e-mail and follow it

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Perspectives of Funding Agency (5)-At presentation

Participate without fail

Make decent powerpoint presentation

Restrict the presentation to the desire of the Chairman withinthe time frame

Maintain confidence in subject matter

Maintain cordiality with expert members in the meeting anddon’t snub.

Pursue the sanction for release of grant

Obtain sanction letter, terms & conditions and format UC/SEread carefully

Have parallel accounts of expenditure

Make your requests for next release well in time

Ensure the delivery of papers and satisfaction of the concerned

Ensure the participation in the monitoring meetings without fail

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Perspectives of Funding Agency (6)-At Implementation

Don’t seek clarifications for minor things Impress host institute to be flexible Try to conclude the project as visualised

Ensure follow-up projects with biggerbudget Encourage recruiting project staff multi

institutional, interstate quality Publication and patent filing etc. be timely

Invite funding agency for the activities of the institute

Host PAC meetings

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Parting thoughts…

“… I think the essence of the scientific spirit is tolook behind and beyond…and

everything that we see presents to us not a subject for curiosity,but a challenge, achallenge to the spirit of man to try tounderstand somethingof this vast mystery that surrounds us…”

- C.V. Raman

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THANK YOU

For More Information:

www.dst.gov.inwww.serc-dst.org

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CIAE - 16022012