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187 5.
VICTORIA.
CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICER.
RETURN OF DISEASES AND DEATHS
IN THE
VARIOUS ESTABLISHMENTS UNDER THE CHARGE OF THE
CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICER,
FOR TilE YEAR
1874.
PRESENTED TO BOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT BY HIS EXCELLENCY'S COMMAND.
1871 llutbottt71· GEORGE SKINNER, A.CTING GO~RNMENT PRINTER MELBOURNE.
No 20.
Preparation-Nil. iriuting (776 copies)
APPROXIMAT~ COST OF RETpRNS.
.......... ·.·.·' .l. ~·
£ &. a: 33 10 0
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT,
Melbourne, 30th April1875.
No. 75/1548.
Sm,
I have the honor to transmit to you enclosed herewith, for
·the purpose of being printed and presented to Parliament, Returns,
as per margm, of Diseases and Deaths which occurred in the several W:~~~estg~Utle. Jika Relormo.tory, Cobilrg. Penal Huik Sacrament<>. Industrial Scltool, :Mel-bourne~
IndUJ!trial School, Sunbury. establishments under my medical charge during the year ended 31st .. Geelong. ,. Ba.llarat~
Gaol, Geelong. ,. Castlemaine. u Ba.lla.ra.t. H Beechworth.
D b 1874 ,, Sandhurst. ecem er , Battery of Garrison Artil-lery.
I have, &c.,
\V. McCREA,
Chief Medical Officer.
The Honorable the Chief Secretary,
&c., &c., &c.
A 2
RETURN OF DISEASES AND DEATHSo
MELBOURNE GAOL.
RETURN of Diseases and Deaths at the Melbourne Gaol during the Year 1874.
<I oi +i't:i <I ... . '"' :;; ~" .... ""' "" "~ """ .c" o..o .c Og) .c-8 8"'il ".c 8 . i;;E;< 8" ~~
Ao "" ,:: Diseases. ~~ z~ "'" Diseases.
"" ZE-< d- -"" ~" ,.o "" ~" Ol:ll $~ "~ ~A "0 ~" Oo! .. 0 ~'g A'g OoS E-<0 -<i:P E-<0
------- ---
CLASS I.-ZYMOTIC DISEASES. Days.
CLAss Ili.-LooAL DisEA.sEs-
Order I.-Miasmatic Diseases: continued. Measles ... . .. ... 2B 9 2 8·7 Order B.-Diseases of the Respira-Cynanche ••• ... ... 45 4 ... ... tory Organs: Influenza ••• ... ... 76 B ... ... Bronchitis .•• ... . .. 140 Erysipelas .•• ... . .. 9 20 ... . .. Pneumonia . .. . .. 3 Dysentery .•• ... ... 26 6 1 3·R4 Asthma ... ... . .. 4 Diarrhroa ... ... 1B9 4 1 0•72
Order 4.-Diseases of the Digestive Rheumatism ... . .. 77 14 ... ... Boil, including Carbuncle ... 38 9 ... . .. Organs:
4 Ague ·1 12 Hernia ... ... ... ... ... . .. ... ... Colic 42 Milk Fever 1 3 ... ... . .. ... ... ... ... Dyspepsia ••. 229 MumpR 1 3 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Hremorrhoids 6 Pertussis 3 8 ... ... ... ... . .. ... ... Hepatitis 5 Diphtheria 1 10 ... ... . .. ... . .. ... . .. Jaundice 1 ... . .. . ..
Order 2.-Enthetic Diseases: Prolapsus Recti ... ... 1
Syphilis, includin~r Bubo, Con- Aseitis ... ... . .. 1
dylomata, and Phimosis ... 39 20 ... . .. Order 5.-Diseases of the Urinary Gonorrhroa ... ... 45 8 ... . .. Organs: Stricture ... . .. . .. 9 45. ... ... Enuresis ... ... . .. 7
Diuresis ... ... . .. 2 Order 3.-Dietic Diseases: Urromia ... . .. . .. 1
Delirium Tremens ... ... 113 4 ... ... Order 7.-Diseases of the Locomo-Alcoholism ... . .. 271 2 ... ... five System: Ascarides ... ... . .. 7 B ... . ..
28 Arthritis ... ... . .. Order 4.-Parasitic Diseases : Caries ... ... . .. 1
Scabies 71 B Synovitis ... ... . .. 1 ... ... ... ... . .. Worms (Tape) ... ... 1 11 ... ... Order B.-Diseases of the Integu-Impetigo ... . .. 2 12 ... ... mentary System : Hydatid Cyst ... . .. l 44 ... ... Eczema .. . ... . .. 12 Aphtha ... ... ... l l ... ... Psoriasis ... . .. . .. 26
---· ------- Acne ... ... . .. 5 Total, Class I. ... 1,000 6 4 0·4 Lichen ... ... . .. 7
--- ---- --- Urticaria ... ... . .. B CLASS II.-CONSTITUTIONAL Phlegmon and Whitlow ... 27
DISEASES. Ulcers ... ... . .. 98 Herpes ... ... . .. 1
Order I.-Diathetic Diseases: Ecthyma ... ... . .. 3
Tumor 2 39 ---... ... ... ... ... Total, Class Ill. 902 Cancer 1 66 1 100· ... ... ... ...
Anasarca and CEdema 2 2 CLASS IV.-DEVELOPMENTAL ---... ... ... Cancrum Oris ... . .. B 12 1 BB· DISEASES.
Order 2.-Tubercular Diseases: Order 2.-.Developmental Diseases Scrofula ... . .. ... 4 6 ... ... of Adults: Phthisis B 54 l BB· Leucorrhroa ... . .. 12 ... ... . ..
Menorrhagia 6 Abscess 31 9 ... . .. ... ... ... ... ... Parturition 11 -- ... . .. --- -----Abortion 2 Total, Class 11. 46 14 B 6·52 ... ... . .. ... Amenorrhroa 3 --- -- -- --- ... ...
CLASS 111.-LooAL DISEASES. Order B.-Developmental Diseases of Old People:
Order I.-Diseases of the Nervous Debility ... ... . .. 9 System: Order 4.-Diseases of Nutrition:
Convulsions ... ... 1 B . .. ... Marasmus ... . .. . .. 1 Paralysis ... ... ... 4 73 ... . .. ---Epilepsy ... ... B9 20 ... ... I Total, Class IV. . .. 44 Insanity and Dementia ... BB 12 1 B·03
CLASS V.-VIOLENOE . Supposed Insanity ... . .. 57 7 ... ... Neuralgia ..• ... ... 45 10 . .. ... Order I.-Accident or Negligence : OtorrhOl'\ ... . .. 12 14 ... . .. Sprains ... . .. ... 4B Ophthalmia ... ... 45 16 ... ... Fractures and Contusions ... 41 Apoplexy ... . .. 4 I 4 lOO· Burns . .. ... ... 3 Congestion of the Brain ... B 6 B lOO· Wounds ... ... ... 53
- ---Order 2.-Diseases of Organs of Total, Class V. ... 140
Circulation : ---Disease of the Heart ... 1 4 ... ... Tot.al of all Classes ···12,1B2
I I
Average datly numencal strength of establlshment Deaths per cent. of ditto Cases of sickness per cent. of ditto
. 451 4•434
472•72
.~ "" $ "O ~~ 8 .
"" ""' z~ .. " ,_ ,.o Ol" "~ ~A .. 0 0--<i+l E-<o ----Days.
8 ... 3 2 5 ...
3 ... 2 . .. 4 . .. 7 ... 8 ...
23 . .. 3 ...
51 ...
5 ... 8 ... 3 1
11 ... 17 ... 45 ...
BO ... 24 ... 29 ... 19 ... . 4 ...
9 ... 14 ... 10 ... 4 ...
-- --10 11 ----
9 ... B ...
lB ... B ...
19 ...
21 1
7 1 -- -···-
12 ' 2 _I_
10 ... 9 . ..
24 . .. 7 . ..
----9 ...
----8 20
..;.o a-B O" ... :: "E-< ~~ ~gj
'!~ ---
. .. 66•6 . ..
. ..
... . .. . .. . .. . ..
... ...
...
... lOO·
. .. . .. ...
... ...
...
... . .. ... . .. ... ... -
1•219 ---
... . .. . .. . .. . ..
11•11
LOO· ---
4·54
. .. . ..
. ..
. .. ---... ---
0·9B8
6
REl\'IAHKS.
. The average daily number of officers and prisoners in the gaol in 18·i4 was 451, the average for the previous ten years bemg 388. 1'he·l•~mbcr of cas~s of sickne"s was 2,132, being less than during the preceding year by 77 per cent. on the inmates, and greater by 10 ,rcr cent. than the avet·age of the ten previous rears, The mortality was greater than usual, being 1·1 per cent. greater than· 1873, and 4 per cent. greater than the average for the ten previous years.
All the serious sickness and all the mortality was owing to causes independent of the gaol, many cases of chronic and some of incurable di~ease having been sent to the gaol in the nhsence of room in the public hospitals, benevolent asylums, &c. The"e persons were mostly of the cdminal class, but several of them had committ<ld no crime, and were sent to gaol to preserve them fr.om d~sti~ution. The disease of ~easles was impo~ted into the gaol in n~ost, if not in all of the eases, but by prompt and Clt!'efu!Jsolat~on.Jt was preve~te,d spreadmi[S to r.he other mmate~ of the. esta?h,,hment. 'fhe abuse ?f alcoholi<.: liquors was, as usual, the pnnclpal source of d1sease•, one m every .five cases of Sickness resultmg from drunkenness dti·ectly; and many others as u~~~~=~~~ .
CLASS 1.-ZntoTIO DISEASES.
Order !.-Miasmatic Diseases. . These diseases were less numerous than during the preceding year;·measles were more numerous and s~vere, two deaths m ·very sickly children resulting from the disease. Cynanche, influenza, and whooping.cough were less prevalent. Diseases of the l!?wels were abo~t as numerous as 'in the preceding year, but less fatal, the' case <•f dysentery occurring in a man who was suff.,rmg from the disea~e when he came into gaol, and· who succumbed after an illness of 24 days. The death from 'diarrhrea occurred in a half-starved child of three months old.
Order 2.-Enthetic Diseases. These diseases were slightly less numerous than in the previous year, and in most cases easily amen~b.le to treatment .•
Venereal disease is manifestlJ' less prevalent in this colony than in Europe.
Ot·der 8.-Dietic Diseases. Three hundred and eighty-font· cases of diseas~ directly caused· by drink is a sad_ comment on our morality. These. people
are brought irito the gaol;treated with all the ·care and appliances of modern science,- their worthless lives saved, and themselves, after a few days comfortable oojourn in t.he .gaol hospital, dischm·ged only ~o repeat. their offence. In several cases of: persons remanded for medical inquiry, suffering ft·om delirium tremens, I have certified to their lives being endangered by constant dl'inking, and the mngistmtes have sentenced them to a longer term of imprisonment, of~en :ovith great benefit·~o the. persons so sentenced; but when merely sent to gaol for drullkenuess for a few days they are not brought before the benches again;and they go ft·ee; if they were sentenced to hard labor till the results of theit: toil paid the cost o(the care taken abou~. them, it. would tend to check drunkenness materially. · · . : ... ,
·Order 4.-Parasitic ·Diseases.
The diseases of this order were less numerous than usual, qnly a half of what occutTed during the previo~s year, itch being the principal. . · ·
CLASS II.-CoNSTlTU'l'lONAL DISEASES.
Order !.-Diathetic Diseases:
· ~hese diseases were by no means numerous, but the mortality in proportion was considerable. A case of cancer in the neck i)l a·poor fellow 57 years old, who was sent to the gaol for !'0 crime, but
1 merely to p1:ovide for him; he lingered .66 days
before his death. 'I' he case of cancrum oris occurred in a child nearly 2 'years old, after 29 days' illness'.
Order ?..-Tubercular Diseases. . Ther~ were three cases of phthisis in this ordei·; one in a woman of 67, years ended fatally, the other two, in young men,
were recovering under treatment. · CLASS III.-LOOAL DISEASES.
. Order I.-Diseases of tlte Nervous,System. , .. 'These diseases were very numerous, very serious, and attended with unumal mortality: The case of dementia occurred
in a man 75 years old, 11nd ended fatally after 25 dnys in hospital. The four fatal cases of apoplexy were as follows:-qne, a man 6i> years old, was tlnder treatment for dian·ham for 12 day~, whet~ it suddenly terminated iu serous apoplexy, the liver and lungs being also diseaRed ; the second in a man aged. 40, who was admitted with comat.ose symptoms, from which he died the next day, the skull being fractured, and a large clot of blood on the brain; ,the third in'a man aged 42, who was a(\mitted with a wound on the head, and died the same day with blood effused in the brain, but no fmcture of the bones ; the fourth in a man who was admitted at half-past twelve o'clock, nnd died in an hour and half afterwards, the cavities of the ,brain being filled wit.h fluid. Of the three fatal cases of congestion of the brain. one occurred in the celebrated Maher, the claimant to the Buckley estates, he was·parnlysed all the time he was in gaol-83 days-and died af~er a short illness, the bl'ain being diseased; the second occurred in a man aged 48, who was admitted 17 days previously as an imbecile lunatic; the third occurred in a tnan aged ·53, who was admitted with ·brain symptoms, and died in 3 days. Every one of the above seven cases were the result directly or indirectly of drink.
Order 3.-Diseases of tlte R~spiratory System. Lung diseases were somewhat less nurnerous than usual, hut atten'ded \Vith more mortality. One case of fatal disease of
the lungs was admitted nn the 30th May, and died in two days from pneumonia; the other was first attacked by rheumatism for five days, and afterwards by pneumonia, which killed him; he was found to be also afflicted with extensive softening of the brain, which doubtless had some· share in producing the f~ttal issue. '
Order 4.-Disea.~es of the Digestive Organs. T~ese were, as usual, very numerous, but of little· importance, and mostly caused by food or drink.
Order 5.-Diseases of the Urina1·y Organs. These were not numerous, the death from urremia'resulting from diseased kidneys.
. Order 7.-lJiseases of tlte Locomotive System. ' The principal of these diseases was arthritis, acute inflammation of the joints, mostly in gouty' and' rheumatic 'subjects;
they were very amenable to the treatment adopted, only occupying an averag'? of eleven.days for their cure, ., · "· ·
Order $.-Diseases of the Integt!m~n.tary System.
These diseases were as numerous as usual, occupying a considerable tfme in their cure, but possessing no''features of interest. The dry atmosphere of the colony, and the large amount of animal food consumed, tends, in my opinion, greatly to eause these diseases. :
CLASS IV .-DEVELOPMENTAL DISEASES,
Order 8.-Diseases of Old People. One fatal case of debility Occurred in a man 78 years old.
Order 4.-lJiseases of Nutrition . ... . ~ ... One c.lse of marasmus in a child four months old, who was wnsted to a shadow on admission, terminated fatally in'·T days.
The child was neglected by a dnwkcu mother, and had been twice previously cured in the gaol; the mother was tried, but escape~ by so~te ~~~w fla":. The remaining cas~s arc not of sufficient importance to require l!omment.
W. l\IoCREA, Chiet' 1\Iedicai Officer.
PENTRIDGE ~TOCK~D~. I '
RETURN of Diseases and Deaths at the Penal Establishment, Pentridge (treated in Hospital), during the Year 1874.
DlseW!es.
CLASS l.-ZVMOTIO DISEASES. Order i.-Miasmatic Diseases;
Boils and Carbuncles Influenza •.. ... Cynanche... . .. Tonsilitis .•• • .• Dysentery... • .. Diarrhooa ... .. . Ji~nglish Cholera .. . Erysipelas .. . Febricular... .. . Scarlatina... . .. Colonial Fever ... Rheumatic Fever ... Pyremia ... Rheumatism ... Lumbago... . ..
Order 2.-Enthetic Diseases; Secondary Syphilis ... Syphilitic Bubo .. . Gleet ... .. . Stricture of U rcthra Dysuria ...
Order 8.-Dietic Diseases.
.. ; Days.
8 !l 51 7 3 8 4 14 2 68
46 3 2 4 1 7 4 21 1 9 1 22 1 48 1 29
16 10 10 3
1 21 2 17 1 6 7 12 2 ~
· ...
Voluntary Starvation Drunkenness ...
Total, Class I.
:::1 ~ g;:::·~~::: I ·--.-1-i
... '166 8 ... ...
C:r.Ass II.-CoNSTI'l'UTIONAL DISEASES.
Order I.-Diathetic Diseases: Tumor of Cheek ... ... <Edema of Lungs ... (lout (Rheumatic) .•. .. . Polypus Narium ... .. .
Order 2.-Tubercular Diseases: Phthisis ... Phthisis (threatening) Hremoptysis ... Scrofula ... • .. Abscess ... ... Hremorrhage of the Bowels ••.
Total, Class ll.
CLASS lll.-LOCAL DISEASES. Order I.-Diseases of tlte Nervous
System: Congestion flf Brain .. . 1\iind affected ... .. . Epilepsy ... ... .. . Paresis ... ... .. . Vertigo ..• .. . Diseased Ulna ... . .. Otitis ... ... .. . Otorrhooa ... ... .. . Hypochondriasis ... • •• Neuralgia... ... ... Ophthalmia ..• . •.
Order 2.-Diseasesofthe Organs oj Circulation : ·
Heart Disease •• • • •• Aneuri•m of Aorta ..• • .. Endocarditis .. . .. . Syncope ... ,.. .. . Varicose Veins .. • . ..
1 16 1 1 4 17 1 24
1 lOO·
2 177 50· 3 101 .. . 6 8 ... I ••• 2 7 ... I ••• 6 l18 ... I .. . l 19 ... .. .
27 85 i 2 I 7-40 ----------
2 1i 1 15 7 9 1 272 l 7 1 7 2 9 1 38 5 4 6 5 7 62
7 2 1 2 4
13. . •• 55 11 3 5
CLASS III.-LooAL DISEASEscontinued.
Order 3.-Diseases of the Respi-ratory System :
Bronchitis... ... .. . Pneumonia . . . ... ,. Congestion of Lungs ...
1 Pleurisy ... ... . ... , Asthm·a ... ... . ..
Order 4.-Diseases of the Digestive Organs:
Hremorrhoids ... . .. Hernia. ... .•• . • .. Fistula. ... ... . .. Gastro Enteritis ••• . .• Dyspepsia (acute anq. chronic,
including cases of colicky pain and irritation of bowels)
Organic Dis~ase of Digestive Organs... ... · .. .
Diseased Liver ... .. . Ileus ... • .. Ascites· ... ... . .. Perforation of Abdomen ...
Order 5.-Diseases of the Urinary Organs:
Congestion of Kidneys
Order G.-Diseases of the of Generation:
Orcl\itis · .'.: Hydrocele· <.. .., ...
Organs
Order 7 .-Diseases of the Joints: Curvature of Spine... . . .. .
.. Diseased Femur ... .. . Diseatied Tibia . ... • .. Diseased Knee Joint ... Sciatica ••• ••• ...
Ord~r 8.-Diseases of the Integu-mentary System :
WhitlOW· ••• Ulcers ... Skin Disease
Total, Class Ill.
8 21 "8 28 1 2l 2 9 8 8
2 11 I . ! 1 15 1 7
128 6
4 16 4 . 23 3 9 l 28 I 7
1 7
1 il
37 4
1 334 1 7
21 90 32
1 1 3
2 11 ... 8 i 14 .. . 4j 7 i ... _:.:._
242 I 13 ... . .. -----__ , __ _ C:LASS lV.-DEVELOPME:NTAL I
Order 4.-Developm.ental Diseases DISEASES. I;
of Nutrition : 1 Debility ... ... ... . 19
1
5 •••
.Total, Cla~s IV. CLASS V.-VIOLENOE.
Order I.-Accident or Negligence : Sprain ... ... • ... Coup-de-solei! ... . .. Struck with a Garden Hoe .. . Other Accidents ... .. .
19 5 '----------
5 4 l 6 1 43
18 I 7 ... . ~ I
Total, Class V. ... 25~1~:-.. -.-Total of all Classes ... 479121-21 0·42
Number of cases of sickness per cent thereon 66·90 Internal, 479; External, 2,094 ... Average daily numerical strength of the establishment 716 I Number of cases treated in the establishment-
Number of deaths per cent, on ditto 0·28 Average daily number of patientsjn hospital 2,573
14
REMARKS. Dming the last year there was not one case of infe'ctious illness among the prisoners in the Stockade. Outside the walls
cases of scarlatina; diphtheria, and measles were numerous. Owing to strict cleanlines and proper observance of sanitary laws, the prisoners have completely escaped those visitations.
There were two cases of insanity sent to Yarra Bend Asylum. No cases of attempted suicide. AccidePts were all slight.. CaseK of illness were not so numercus aff usual, hut many of those ca~es were of e:Ktreme severity. There were two deaths:-One man was found dead in his cell from redcma of the lungs, the other death ·was from
pulmonary consumption.
Pentridge Hospital, 27th Jan11nry 1875, J. HEED, M.D.,
/ Resident Surgeon,
8
JIKA REFORMATORY SCHOOL, COBURG.
RETURN of Diseases and Deaths at the Jika Reformatory School, Coburg (treated in Hospital), during the Year 1874.
"
...
...
"
.
Total Average Total Deaths Number Duration l!lnmber per
Diseases. of ol of Cent. oC Oases each Case. Deaths. CMes
Treated. Treated,
CLAss 1.-Zn!OTIO DISEASEI!. Days. Order I.-Miasmatic Diseases:
Boils ... ... ... ' .. . . .. 4 17 ... .. . ... Influenza 10 4 ... ... .. . ... .. . ... .. Cynanche ... ... ... . .. ... ll 5 ... . ..
Febricula · ... ... ... . .. 7 6 ... . .. Scarlatina ·Mitis ... ... ... . .. 1 24 ... .. . Rheumatism ... ... ... . .. ... 6 10 . .. ... Lumbago ... . .. . .. ... ... 1 3 .. . ...
. .. Order 2.-Enthetic Diseases :
Dysuria ... . .. ... . .. ... 1 2 I ... . .. Total, Class I. ... ... ... 41 7 ... . ..
---------------CLASS H.-CoNSTITUTIONAL DISEASES.
... Order 2.-Tubercular.Diseases:
Hydrarthrus of Hip Joint · · ... ... ... 1 46 . .. . .. .. Hydrarthrus of Hip Joint threatening 2 22 ... . .. ... ...
'" Scrofula'· 1 8 ... . .. ... ... . .. \ . .. ... Abscess ... . .. ... . .. . .. 3 7 ... . ..
Total, Class II. ... ... ... " . 7 17 ... .. . ----
CLASS ill.-LOCAL DISEASES.
Order !.-Diseases of the Nervous System:
Convulsions ... ... ... ... .. . 1 4 . .. ... Ophthalmia ... ... ... ... . .. 9 ll ... . .. Otitis ... . .. . .. ... . .. 1 16 ... . .. Otorrhooa. ... ... ... ... . .. 4 6 ... .. .
.. Odontalgia ... ... ... ... . .. 2 2 . .. ... ... Order 4.-Diseases of the Digestive Organs : .
Dyspepsia (acute and chronic, including cases of colicky pain and irritation of bowels) ... ... 40 4 ... . ..
0
Order B.-Diseases o tl!e Inte umentan S stem: g y y
8 6
__ 6_5_1_:_1 ... -1---
·skin Diseaae(Eczema, Herpes, Psoriasis, &c.)
Total, Class Ill.
Cuss V.-VIOLENCE.
Oruer I.-Accident or Negligence:
Sprains ... ... ••• ... Bmises, Cuts, and other minor Accidents .••
.... 3 ll
Total, Class V. ~--14-
Total of all Classes 127
Average daily numerical strength of the establishment Number of cases of sickness per cent thereon
. Number of cases treated in the establishment.{ iE~~;:!i, ~~} Average daily number of patients in hospital ... • ..
REMARKS.
This is the second year of the existence of the Jika Reformatory. There has been no death during 1874.
12 9
9
7
1
138 92·03
491
3s'lll;
'fhere has been no serious illness of any kind; • ~ , There has been no infectious illness whatever •. Immediately .outside the walls of' the reformatory, searlatina, diphtheria of' the 'most. virulent kind, causing many deaths; measles, hundreds of cases, have all been in existence during 1874. Inside the walls, strict cleanliness has been the law of the place-cleanliness hoth of I he person, of the dormitories, of the beds and bed clothes. 'fhe sewerage is good; the air is pure and f••ee from pollution; the water and food are wholesome. As a direct conse· quence of this state of things, the health of the boys has been everything that could be wisheu for or expected. 'l'he contrast with the outside is most stl'iking. Outside, filth is prevnlent, polluting the air, and, as a direct consequent thereof, cases of illness have been numerous, severe, fatal. Cleanliness and f1lth, health and disease, have never been placed in more striking or closer contrast.
Jlka. Reformatory School, Coburg, 27th January 1875,
J. REED, lU.D., Medical Officer in Charge.
9
PENAL HULK "SACRAMENTO," RIVER YARRA.
RETURN of Diseases and Deaths on board the Penal Hulk Sacramenta during the Year 1874.
~
" ..._;..a ~
0 JOO S.8 0
t.C ... .... "" ""' ~o z "'"' .c" .c.S ~-5 s . " s~ S"'
...... Diseases. cl!:: ""'
c~ ""' Diseases. cl!:: ZE-< "'" z:'l ~~ ZE-<
i!l'S .. ,coo
~~ :SA ~= :s~ <>c fO O<l !i~ ~"0 o::l
E-<0 i=<'S E-<0
---------- ---CLASS I.-ZYMOTIO DISEASES.
Days. CLASS III.-LocAL DISEASES-
Order i.-Miasmatic Diseases: continued.
Aphtha ... ... ... 2 4 ... .. . Order 2.-Diseases of the Organs of Boils ... ... .. . 9 9 ... .. . Circulation : Carbuncle ... ... ... 3 8 ... ... Palpitation ... ... 3 Catarrh ... ' ... ... 3 3 ... .. . Valvular Disease of Heart ... I Coryza ... ... .. . 1 1 ... ... Varicose Veins ... ... 1 Cynanche ... ... ... 4 10 ... ... Diphtheria ... ... 1 4 ... ... Order 3.-Diseases of the Respira-Diarrhcea ... ... 21 5 ... .. . Dysentery ... 7 10 ... .. . tory System : ... ... Bronchitis (chronic) .•. 10 Erysipelas 1 4 ... ... ... ... ... Fever (slight) ... ... I 3 ... .. . Influenza ... ... ... 24 3 ... ... Order 4.-Diseases of the Digestive Pleurodyne ... ... 5 8 ... ... Organs: Rheumatism (chronic) ... !8 3 ... ... Colic ... ... . .. 1
Dyspepsia ... ... ... 37
Order 2.-Enthetic Diseases: Fistula in Ano ... ... 1
Gonorrhcea 2 12 Gastralgia ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... H remorrhoids 5 Syphilis 2 13 ... ... ... ... . .. ... .. . Hernia (inguinal) 4 Stricture (Urethra) .•. 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... Melrena 1 ... ... ... Tormina ... ... . .. 3
Order 4--Parasitic Diseases : Worms (Ascarides) ... ... 7 4 ... ... Order 5.-Diseases of the Urinm·y ------- --- Organs: Total, Class I. ... 112 5 ... ... Rentention of Urine ... 1 ----------
Order B.-Diseases of the Integu-CLASS II.-CONST!TUTIONAL mentary System:
DISEASES. Chilblain 1 ... . .. ... Order I.-Diathetic ·Diseases: Corn ... ... . .. l
Cancrum Oris ... . .. 1 30 ... ... Lepra Palmaris .. . ... I Psoriasis ... ... . .. 1
Order 2.-Tubercular Diseases: Ulcers ... ... . .. 5
Abscess 11 11 Whitlow ... . .. ... 6 ... ... ... . .. ... ---Glandular Swelling ... ... 1 8 ... . .. Total, Class Ill. 97 Hremoptysis 2 21 ... ... ... .. . ... ------ -------
Total, Class II. ... 15 13 )*"' ... --- ------- CLAss V.-VIor,ENCE.
Order !.-Accident or Negligence:
CLAss 111.-LocAL DisEAsEs. Contusions ... ... ... 13 Dislocation of Elbow Joint ... 1
Order I.-Diseases of the Nervous Fracture of Fibula ... ... 1 System: Scald ... ... ... 1
Conjunctivitis ... ... 1 6 ... ... Sprain . .. ... ... 23 Congestion of the Brain ... 1 2 1 lOO· Sunburn ... ... ... 1 Neuralgia ... ... ... 1 1 ... ... Wounds .. . ... ... 19 Odontalgia ... ... 3 1 . .. . .. ---Ophthalmia ... ... 2 10 ... ... Total, Class V. ... 59 Otitis (chronic) ... ... 1 14 ... .. . ---Pterygium ... ... 3 5 ... .. . Weak Eyes• ••. ... ... 1 1 ... ... Total of all Classes . .. 283
Average daily numerical strength of establishment Deaths per cent. of ditto
125 0·80
226•40 Cases of sickness per cent. of ditto
REMARKS.
I :2 ....:rd "" "'"' "~ ><o O:J =.c ...... l=<o ""' ""' "-oo
"" "" ..~ .c"' ... 0 ~" "c "'"' ~~ A-s -----Days.
11 ... 18 ... 12 ...
10 ...
8 ... 5 ...
12 ... 1 ... 3 ... 2 ... 2 ... 3 ...
4 ...
4 ... 3 ...
21 ... 3 ...
26 ... 12 ... -- ---
7 1 -- ---
11 ... 65 ... 18 ... 21 ... 4 ... 4 ...
12 ... -- ---
9 . .. -- ---
7 1
lil .c S,; z~ !~ 8o --
...
...
.. .
. ..
... .. . .... ... ... . .. .. . .. .
. ..
... .. . ...
...
...
... --1·03 --
.. .
...
. .. ... . .. . .. .. . --.. . --0·35
The average daily number of officers and prisoners on board the Sacramenta in 1874 is nearly the same as in 1873, viz., 125. The number of cases of sickness i~, however, less, viz., 283.
The same similarity in the character of the sickness still exists.
There has been one death. On July 27th the man showed slight symptoms of cerebral congestion ; on 29th, whilst stooping, he fell forward, and almost immediately died. A potit mortem Bhowed the cause of death to have been rupture of the occipital artery, doubtless accelerated by a general softening of the brain, which was found to exist.
3rd March 1875, AND. PLUMMER, M.D.,
Medical Officer.
]()
MELBOURNE INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS .
. RETURN of Diseases an!l Deaths at the Melbourne Industrial Sc~ools during the Year I.a7.4.
CLASS I.-ZYMOTIC DISEASES.
Order I.-Miasmatic Diseases:
Chicken-pox ... Measles ••• • ..
·sca~iat.ina. ·~· .B ·· )_)iphtheria ... :Whooping-cough •.. Typhoid .!;,ever, &c. Erysipelas. . .. Boils ... ... Influenza ... . •. DiarrhQJa ...
· ··lnaya.
11 .!l 2 2
15
21 26" 1 40 ... 22 l
1 2
64 10 •6 6 9
2
50· ()·66
11•11 . .... 18 1 3 7 6 1 Remittent Fever ...
Rheumatism ... ,Oplithalrnia, Cynanche, &c •.••
1 11
6· 4 6
'56
Qrder 3.-;-Dietic Disease~;.
Atrophy and Debility
Order 4.-Parasitic Diseases:
Phthiriasis
Total, Class I.
CLASS H.-CONSTITUTIONAL DisEAsEs.
Qr!l~r i.::....Diathetic Diseases:
Noma ..... Ergotism, ,&c.
Order 2.-Tubercular Disease§:
Tabes Mesenterica •.. Phthisis •.. . ..
15 27
23 9
125 24
1 3
4 5
12
7 5·60
5 lOO· 5 2 13
:~-~:---1--1-----Total, Class II .. •••. 1.1 9 5 45·45
CLAss Ill-LocAL DniEASEs.
Order I.-Diseases of the·Nervous System·: ·
Chorea .... . .. Epilepsy:... . .. Convulsions. .. • Brain Disease, Otitis, &c.
Order ·2.-Diseases of tlte Organs tif Circulation : .
Heart Disease
1-----1--1--1___;_
1 9 1' ,4 1 1
14 34
1 164
1 lOO· 2 14•28
Diseases •
.:.._--~~---------:----1-- --.--
CJ.A~s III.-LocAL DisEASES-continued. ·
Order 3.-Diseases of the Respi-. rawry System:
LarynRitis Bronchitis ...
Order 4.-Diseases of t!te Digestive . Organs: · . .
Dyspepsia, &c. Prolnpsus Ani.
, Order 1.-Diseases of the Loeomo:. tive System;
N cCI·osis, &c:
4 6
1 3.
7
DayS.j
5 6
2 .... 5
I
22
.. !
Order 8.-Disea~es of ilte Integumentary System :
Paronychia, &c. ... Ulcers ... • .. Eczema and Skin Disease
5241 20· 7 9 ... ...
--- __ , __ -----To~al~ Class III.
1221' 14 ... •.·•
•••. ' 173 16 ' 5 2·89
.. ... CLASS IV:.-DEVELOPME..'!TAL
DisEASEs. ·
·Order 4.~Diseases of Children:
Various
Total, Class IV.
CLASS· V.-VIoLENCE.
Order !.~Accident or Negligence: .. Fractures and Contusions •••. Wounds .•. . ••
· Burns and Scalds .. . ...
. . Total, Class V,
, · Total of all Cias8es
..
' 7 1'7 ... • ..
---1---7 17 ... • ..
1 J I
9
--1-
11 ... .5 1 ... 7 ....
I ,., •
325 18 17 5•23
Average daily strength or' establishment ... Number of cases of sickness per cent, of ditto Number of deaths per cent. of ditto
161 201·86 10•65
REJY1,A RKS.
Of two case5 of diphtheria one died; and of eighteen cases of typhoid fever two terminated fatally. Many of the ciiildren are admitted with some form or other of chronic complaint; there were, for example, as n;tany as
twenty-tluee cases of phthiriasis out of the whole number treated.
PATRICK MOLONEY, :M:edical Officer in Charge.
'11
SUNBURY INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL AND. REFORMATORY.
RETUR~ of Di~eases and Death_s at the Industrial School and Reformatory, Sunbury, during the Year 1874.
Diseases. h ~~ i u ~i ~~i~ ~~ ~~ .~~
DiseaSes.
------------i---i--I--1-----------------------
CLASS 1.-Zn!OTIO DISEASES. IDays. Dar-'-1
Order I.-Miasmatic Diseases: Boil and Carbuncle· ... Uatarrh and Cynanche Conjunctivitis ... Croup. ... • •. Fever and Febricula Whooping-cough ... Measles ... Rubeola Notha (Rotheln) Rheumatism ...
Order 2.-Entlu!tic Diseases:· Syphilis (inherited) .•.
Order 4.-ParaBitic Diseases : Scabies ... .. . Phthiriasis .. .
Total, Class I.
CLASS H.-CONSTITUTIONAL DISEASES,
Order I.-Diathetic Diseases : Tumor ...
Order 2.-Tubercular Diseases: Abscess ...
12 27 46
1 6
13 1 6 4
12 10 19 29 30 24 16
3 16
60
8 5 ... ... 8 6 ... • ••
---~-1-133 16 ... • •• ----1-
2 13
9 16· .•• • .• 1 182 ... ... 1 20 1 lOO·
Scrofula .... ... Tabes Mesenterica .•• Morbus Coxre ... ... 1 119 ... .. •
Total, Class II. ... ~~~35~-1 r-rn Cuss III.-Loc.u. DrsEAsES.
Order I.-Nervous System: Convulsions .. • • .. Cephalgia... ... .. . Meningitis GTubercular) .. . Epilepsy ... ... . •• Corneitis, Granular Lids, &c.
O•·der 2.-Circulatory System: Cardiac Affection ... Hmmorrhagic Diathesis
----1-
1 6 1 1
19
4 1
2 11 20 60 60
26 98
1 lOO·
CLASs III.-LoOAL DisEASEscontinued.
Order B.-Respiratory System:
Bronchitis Pneumonia
Order 4.-Digestive System :
Gastralgia Prolapsus Ani Hepatic Disease
Order 7.-Locomotive System :
Knee Joint Disease ... Caries .•• . .. Uoxalgia ... ...
Order B.-Integumentary System :
Chilblains... ... Eczema, Herpes, &c., &e. Impetigo (of Scalp) Ulcer ... • ..
, Tot.ai,'Class TII.
CLASS V.-VIOLENCE,
Order I.-Accident and J?Vegligence:
Contusions ... . .. Drowning (accidental) ••• Choking (with Spine Disease) Fracture ... ... • .. Sunstroke... ... • .. Sprain ... ... ... ScRld ... ... • .. Wound ... ... • ..
Total, Class V.
Tota,l of all Classes
1 41 6 18
0 7 1 221 1 171
2 1 2
15 10 86 18
46 30 30
22 27 14 26
126 29 1 o·8o --1-1---
9 1 1 3 1 4 2 3
13 1 1
17 6
16 18 14
I lOO· 1 100·
•-:-!---24 13 . 2 8·33
NJ5
Average daily numerical strength of establishment
N um her of cases of sickness per cent. of ditto
Number of deaths per cent. of ditto
643
54·5l
0•74
REMARKS.
The above cases do not include those treated external to the hospital.
li'our deaths occurred in the school during 1874. One from accidental drowning while bathing; another from tabes mesenterica; a third from tubercular meningitis; and oue from choking while taking food; in this last case there was a.l110 advanced disease of oue or two of the dorsal vertebrre.
The cases of conjunctivitis occurred chiefly towards the eud of the year.
A large number of scalp cases, mostly ringworm, were treated external to the hospital and skin disease ward. These are not included in the above returns,
A. SHIELDS, M.D., 1\'Iedica.l Officer,
12
GEELONG INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS.
RETURN of Diseases and-Deaths at the Industrial Schools, Geelong, during the Year 1874.
Diseases.
CLASS I.-ZnroTio Drsi!:Aslis.
Order I.-Miasmatic Diseases:
Chicken-pox Measle.s Scarlatina ... Stomatitis •.. Quinsy Croup Erysipelas .•• Catarrh Dysent,ery ... DiarrlH:ea ... Fever· Rheumatism Ophthalmia
Ot·der 4.-Parasitic Diseases:
Thrush Worms Porrigo and Scabies ...
Total, Cla&s I.
• CLASS II.-CoNST!TUT!ONAL DISI!:ASES.
Order 2.-Tubercular Diseases:
Phthisis Abscess
Total, Class II.
CLASS III.-LooAL DISEASES.
'Order 1.-Diseases of the Nervous System:
Chorea
Order 2.-Diseases qf Circulation:
Heart Disease
6 37
l 17 16 4 2
24 1
12 77 7
47
1 2
145
399 ---
1 8
9
7 9
13 12 8 5
18 5
27 3 7 9
17
8 4
39
20 --
97 8
13
15
1 865
\
2
-- ---5 1·25
-- ----
Diseases.
-------·----"'"
CLAss IlL-LocAL DrsEASEScontinued.
Order 4.-Diseases of Digestion :
Colic Dyspepsia ...
Order 7.-Diseases of Locomotion:
Caries (Teeth) Necrosis
Order B.-Diseases of Integuments:
Otitis Ulcer
Total, Class Ill.
CLASS IV.-DEVELOP~IENTAL DISEASES.
Order 2.-Diseases of Adults:
Paramenia ...
Order 4.-Diseases of Nutrition:
Debility
Total, Class IV.
Cu.ss V.-Vror,ENoE.
Order I.-Accident:
Contusions ... \Vounds Burns and Scalds
Total, Class V.
Total of all Classes
Average daily numerical strength of establishment
Oases of sickness per cent. of ditto
Deaths per cent. of ditto
REMARKS.
10 18
9 2
3
2 2
1 865
7
38 7
--~'--!-528 20 91 1·70
165 320·
5·45
A considerable increase on last year's sickness is shown in my retum for 1874, During the first half of the year there was, if anything, rather less than the usual avHage; llllt ahout . .July, on the breaking np of the Melbourne Barrack School, the children, both sick and well, were sent here. This at once ncaoly doubled t.he already exi>.ting amouut of illness.
Independently of this, howe\·cr. and prohably from atmospheric causes, all complaint•, from July to December, became more frequent. more aggmvated, and le~~ olwdicnt to treatment, until in the latter month a Yirulent epidemic of measles broke out through thi~ district. 'I'he chi dren in the school did not ,:gcape a Yisitation; it spread with singulur tapidity thi'Ough them. an<l the fi,,rce heat of the WtH>ther told wit.h destructive effect on children under three years of age when becoming convalescent. The mortality in the town of G~clong w;rs also very great.
J have but little snrgery to record. With the exception of a case of tracheotomy, and a few operation8 on the eye, nothing worthy of notice occurred in 1874.
CHAS. T. MACKIN.
13
BALLA.RAT INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS
RETURN of Diseases and Deaths at the Industrial Schools, Ballarat, during the Year 1874.
I ~
Jl 0 'S ...:..o !l. ... 5~
-e1 " ~~ .0 8 Diseases. :>1!! ::s "~'-< Dlse!lSes.
"'~ i><E-< ~!:I 11~ 3~ !!-;)
...,c:::
'"o "'" "'" A -a 1'<0 !-'A
Days.
CLASS I.-ZYMOTIC DisEASES. CLASS ill.-LoOAL DISEASES-continued,
Order I.-M ia.smatic Diseases : . Scarlatina ... ... 15 12
Order i.-Diseases of tlte D,igestive ... . .. . .. f:iystem: Diphtheria ... ... 1 10 ... ... Quinsy ... ... ... 5 6 . .. ... Peritonitis ... ... Fever (Infantile, Gastric) ... 16 8 1 6'25 .Jaundice ... ... . .. Boil ... . .. ... 12 5 . .. ...
I Diarrhcea ... ... ... 1 i ... ... Order 7 .-.Diseases of the Joints: RheumHtism ... ... 2 6 ... ... Arthritis ... ... . ..
Necrosis ... ... . .. Order i.-Parasitic Diseases :
Scabies 19 6 Order B.-Diseases of the Integu-... ... ... .. . ... mentary System :
Impetigo ... ... ... 27 12 . .. . .. Porrigo ... . .. ... 2 10 ... ... Whitlow ... ... . ..
--- Ulcer ... ... . .. Total, Cl~ss I. ' lOO 9 1 1· Eczeman ... ... ... Ecthyma ... ... .. .
Erythema ... ... ... Phthiriasis ... . ..
CLASS II.-CONS'rlTU'I'lONAL Urticaria ... ... . .. DISEASES. Chilblain ... ... ...
Order 2.-Tubercular Diseases: Total, Class Ill. ... Phthisis 2 26 2 lOO· ... ... 2 162 Abseess (chronic) ... ... ... ... --- ---
i 9i 2 50· CLass IV.-DEvELOl'MENT.AL Total, Class TI. ...
-l-DISEASES.
-----Order i.-Diseases of Nutrition:
CLASS III.-LOOAL DISEASES. Debility ... .. . . .. Order !.-Diseases of the Nervous
System:
Tot.al, Class IV. ...
Conjunctivitis ... ... 25 10 .. . ... Ophthalmia (Oatarrhal) ... 38 1i ... ... CLASS V.-VIOLENCE, Corneitis ... ... ... 5 195 ... ... Otorrhcea ... ... ... 6 45 ... ... Order 1 .-Accident or Negligence: Ozcena ... ... ... 1 32 ... . .. Contusions Chorea 2 71 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Sprains Paralysis 3 i5 ... ... ... ... ... .. . ... ... Wounds ... ... . .. . Scalds ... ... . ..
Order 8.-Diseases of the Respira-tory Organs : Total, Class V. ...
Bronchitis ... ... ... 2 7 ... ... Pneumonia ... . .. I 80 ... ... Total of all Classes ...
Average daily numerical strength of establishment
Number of cases of sickness per cent. of ditto
Number of deaths per cent. of ditto
REMARKS.
The health of the children generally continues to be excellent.
•
'S ,;t 'S +i-d"
~~ "" f!"' !l C:Si "0 .0
13'" A.g s !;lE; :>1!! " .... "' .. )Z;I'< "'" Zal ~3l
-aiD "~ 3~ :9 .. ..,o _,. ~g "'0 o .. "'" A-s 80 <l:;z ~:-<A ----1-DaysJ
: 1 16 1 lOO· 2 15 ... . ..
3 7 ... .. . ] i5 ... . ..
1 7 ... .. . 1 G ... . ..
11 15 ... ... 1 32 ... . .. 1 6 ... . .. 2 22 ... .. . i 5 . .. . ..
10 7 . .. . .. 1-·-----
121 2i 1 0·83 ---------
~~~ -=-1~ ---1-'-·--
3 3 i 3
1-13
1-
241
173 139•30
2'31
7 9 8 9
8
18
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... . .. 4 1•66
'fhe amount of sickness has been about the same as during the preceding year. There were twenty-three cases of catarrhal ophthalmia, as compared to only one in 1873. This disease occurred chiefly amongst the boys sent here from another school; its extension was prevented by the usual precautions being adopted. There were fifteen cases of scarlatina, all of which recovered perfectly.
There were four deaths. One from 'peritonitis, of a half-cast girl who came from the District Hospital with ulceration of the bowels, consequent upon a long attack of typhoid fever.
One, an infant, from infantile gastric fever, who, on admission from another school, was in an extremely emaclsted condition, and suffering from dysenteric diarrhcea.
Two from phthisis; one or whom, a girl, was attacked with pleuro·pneumonia eight months before her death, and being of a highly strumous diathesis, tubercular disease of the lungs, with large vomicre, supervened.
The other case was that of a Chinese half-caste girl, who, on admission, was suffering from tubercula!' disease of both lungs, with vomicro, and was extremely emaciated; she died one month after admission,
RICHARD BUNCE,
Medical Officer.
GEELONG 'GAOL:
'RETURN of· Diseases and.Deaths at the "Geelong Gaol during the Yeat·I874:
Diseases .. I !.•" ~ : -
.l
·'·:· •. I
CLASS I.-ZnroTIC DISEASES.· t
Order I.-Miasmatic Diseases :
Scarlatina •• • 1
Quinsy , ... Ery~i pelas .•• Catarrh ..• Dysentery · Diarrhooa . .. !
..... l
Fever (simple continued) Rheumatism Opllthalmia Mumps
Order 2.-Enthetic.Diseases:
. Syphilis .;. ! Gouorrhooa
Order 3.'-Dietic Diseases:···
Delirium Tremens .•• Alcoholisui
Days.
•'2' i 8 14 7 4 10
50 6 6 12
58 5 3 15
88 22 5 15 7 7
9 76 2 14
18 14 25 ?
... T'tal 'c·I 1··· -291 -1·4·· = ! • • (): • .a,ss .
·'• I • --t~~-----
• :. --· ·~l -~ ' CLASS II.-CONBTITUTIONAL
DISEASES.
·Order 1. -Diathetic Diseases : ·
Tumor
Order 2.-Tubercular Diseases:
Phthisis Absc6as ~ ·--
Totiij; 'dfaSii;II. I
CLAS~ III.-LocAL DisEASEs.
Order I.-Diseases of the Nervous
... 'I ;•J . ' . ;it .l!JJ
27
2 102 21 10
25 18
Diseases.
CLASS IIL-LooAL DisEASEScontinued.
Order 4.-Diseases of Digestio~: ' Hernia' l •.• Colic · · Dyspepsia •.. Hremorrhoids , Jaumjice ..•
Order 5.-Diseases of tlie Urinary Organs:
Hmmaturia Dysurin Dropsy ···,
Order 6.-Diseases of Generation:
Orchitis ' . . . ~
Order7.-Diseases of Locomotion:
Caries I
Order B.-Diseases of Integuments:
Whitlow ... Ulcer H• : •·
Skin Disease
Total, Class Ill.
CLASS IV.-DEVELOPMEN~·A.L :QiSEASES.
Order 1.-Diseases of ()ltildren:
Teething ..• :
Order 2 . .:....pisea~e~ <if Adults.: Paramenia· Childbirth
123 17 5
1 16 3
·3
6
16 1
. ' . ~ .
·2 ... 5
10 ...
~65 2
71
56
14
:•.·
'15 21'
System: ·
Par!llysis Insanity 1.. 1 •
8 56 10 14
Order 4.-Disease.~ of Nutrition:
Debility "" 108 961 1 0·92
Epilepsy ..... Convulsions· 1
'
Neuralgi~ ;; •. · .
7 1
'i
37· 3
.3
... 'l' otal, Class IV.
CLASS V.-VIOLENOE:
... . . 125 I 8_5_ ·1-1 . O·S<t -~---. . . .
Order 2.-Disea~e~ of Circulation:
Aneurism ••• Heart Disease
Order 3.-Diseases of Respiration: Bronchitis... , '· .. · · · Epistaxis ... • ...
2 I?~ 7
37 14. 1 2
Order 1.-Accid~nt : .Contusions and Sprains ... • Wounds ••• . ..
Ttit'ai; Class v·. ·, Total of all Classes
Average daily numerical strength.of.establishment-·. -·-··· Cases of sickness pel' cent. of ditto
99
801·01 1·01 Deaths per cent. of ditto
• ··: :r :"' "c""
f 1 ', • 1,:~ I : ' Jl ;; :
10 28
, ... I' .
5
0•12
t~ .' ~\Jt:··'· :··:..-·.'·,J ;· ... ,... REMARks.'· 11 1 \\.' :·~: •• 't''>r ~··:
. ·:·.:-~he g:o{ f~ ~~~ used ;as: 'sort of' invalid ·hospiiat·'for 'sick and infit:m prisoners. · The ·h'uniber' of case~, ~th~refo'te; lxitit surgical and medi.cal, whi,ch I had under my charge was greatly increased during tl,l.e _past year. . , . · ' • :: .,
· i. · .'!l'here· Were 793 cases of-all kinds; 'the dii;'eaoes'behig Varied as well as DQU1CI'O(!S. ) have, hoW~VeJ;, b~en pret'ty foJtunat,•, in losing but one patient, an aged, broken-down man, who sunk under' a complication· of 'disol-ders. " · · . . · ' ·
I • '-"Many of; the' diseases·were of 'the. ch:roliic' ;kind...t!sonie 'of them . very'trorib!eso\re..l::as •. 'fpr i~si~ii~e;,'internal: au~urj~m~ •. heart disease, lupus, ulcers, asthma, and consumption, various complaints of the 'bladder atid'rkianeys;:and sever~! of e;~tceesive· nCfVOu'S·UebiJity, the'rei;ult of·depraved habits .. ,! • • • ._;1'·, l. •; • ·, ,
1 ' •'! .' I . . , ... LI l [ ,' .'-:
Paralysis. al~o, either pa.1tial o'r ~genera.I,.'is 'very frequent. · ·It''seems' to be a c.<i:mmon' gise.ase :a1uo~g'st1
1 prisoners in advancedlifEf;'i!L .•f!;,'.t·l:''t.:-'. !'',''1'1'8 .,,.,\'st'l ·•.•(•/ ~~ •I' : •' 'I r •' '," ! , . ,., •• I.TI .. '·!'f.l( r~
Scheming is usual, amongst all these rbeu, wh~ either· feign ~ymptom; inconsiste~t'\vith the' malad.ies from which they · really suffer; or•elselexaggerate their pn.ins and aches, always witlt the view of ohtaining more medical comforts.
·'f:l~J .. : .. :;_.,~. ' CHAS. T. MACKIN.
15
. i CASTLEMAINE GAOL .
. l
RETURN of Diseases and Deaths at the Castlemaine Gaol during the Year 1874.
~~~'t ~~r~ ~.g ~a ~ ~~ .8 a~ :!::-"' s A'3 s s~ "jl :~ Diseases. I;', :I ~.; "'i!l Diseases.
u n i~ , · u n u i~ --~-------------~~-----1-----1----1---·----- --~------~--------------1-----1----1---·1--~-
CLASS 1.-ZYM:Oi'IO DISEASES.
Order ].-Miasmatic Diseases:
Quinsy ... ••• ... Typhoid Fever ... • .. Erysipelas.~. · ... ... Boils and Carbuncle ... Influenza and' Catarrh ... Dysent.ery ... . .. Diarrhma .•• ... ... Chronic Rheumatism and Lum-
bago .......... . Mumps ... ... • ••
Order '2.-Enthetic Diseases':
l:lyphilis ... Gonorrhcea ...
Order 3.--D.ietic Diseases :
Delirium Tremens ... Opiaticm ...
Order 4.-Pamsitic Diseases :
Worms
Total, Class I. .
CLASs II.-CoNsTITUTIONAL DISEASES.
Order 2.-Tubercul~r Diseases:
'Phthisis •.• • .. ·A bsce·s·s .. • ...
Days. I
5 7 4 6 2 8 7 10
26 7 6 .. 8·
23 7
1
8~ I ~· :::
.3 21 2 10
1 5 2 5
50·
4 ~- ••. .. .. l----'-1- -·
121. 8 .. '1 0•83 1---~
·l 6 ... . •. 5 8 ... . ..
1--.-1-Total, Class II. ••• 6 8 \ .•• I ...
CLAss IU.-Loc.u, DISEASES.
Order !.,Diseases of the Nervous System:
Paralysis ... . •• Epilepsy ... Convulsions .... Neuralgia and Otorrhcea
Order. i.-Di~eases of the of Circulation :
Disease of the Heart Palpitation '
O~gans
Order 3.-Diseases of the Respira· tory System:
Bronchitis Pleurisy ...
'--------1-
l 2 1
18
1~ I ::: 4. 8
10. 21 2 22
17 2
11 4- ·~·- · ....
' CLASS IlL-LocAL DISEASEScontinued.
Order 4."-Diseases of the Digestive Organs:
Colic ... Piles ••• Hernia ..• Dyspepsia .. . Hepatitis .. . Liver Disease
Order 5.-Diseases of the Urinary Organs:
·Bright's Disease Cystitis ••• Kidney Disease
Order 7.-Diseases of the Locomotive SJislem·:
.. Periostitis •••
Order B.-Diseases of the Integu.mentary Sy~tem. :
Bunions ... Ulcers •.. Skin Disease
Total, Class HI.
. l C!,ASS IV.-DEVELOP~tENTAL
DISEASES.
Order !.-Diseases of Cltildren :
·Malformation
Order 2.-Developmental Diseases of AdultS:
Paramenia 1
Childbirth ...
Order 4.-.Diseases of Nutrition: ..
·Debility ... ... • ••
Total, Class IV.
Cuss V.--VroLENCE.
Order 1.-Accident or Negligence :
Fractures and Contusions Wounds ••• • •• Scald ... ...
Order 5.-Suicide :
Banging •••
Total, Class V.
-· - Total of all Classes
Average daily numerical strength of establishment Number of cases of sickness per cent. of ditto ••• Number of deathA per cent. of ditto'·: ..
88 292·04
2•27
·' REMARKS .
2 1 2
10 1 1
1 1 2
5
Days.
12 8
1:3 15 10
4
·2 5 9
16
2 17 4 9 5 9
90 12 .•• . .. ---1 __
2
2 4
4
29 9
7 6 1 14•28 1-----
15 10 1 6·66 1----- --------
17 6 1
1
25
257
10 12
9
4
10
9 2 0·77
. . The case of erysipelas that died was caused by opening an abscess of the hand at a time when that complaint was rife in this district. · '
.Three out of the four c~ses of parturition songht the shelter of the gaol through the police court during that anxious period. I think the benches should be instructed not to dispose of these cases in this manner when there is a local hospital where they can be relieved.
THOS. McGRA'l'H. M.IJ., Gaol Surgeon.
16
BALLARAT GAOL.
RETURN of Diseases and Deaths at the Ballarat Gaol during the Year 1H74.
'0 .,; '0 0
i] a::l ,.. ... . ~0 " ~£ ,Q
e" A'li e 8"' Diseases. "~ "" " J)iseases. "" Zf=-1 ..,., z~ z~ _., d~ _.,
"" ,.,o g~ "'" ' "<>::l ""' 0~ ~ 0 o<> l'S E-<0 ~:;:; E-<A E-<0
--·-Days • .
CLAss· 1.-ZYMOTIO DISEASE:S. CLASS IlL-LocAL DisEASEs-continued.
Order I.-Miasmatic Diseases: Order 4.- Diseases of the Digestive
Quinsy ... ... ... 2 6 . .. . .. Organs: Carbuncle ••• ... ... 1 4 ... . .. Enteritis 2 Dysentery 9 5 ... . .. ... ... ... .. . ... Ileus 3 Diarrhrea .•. 5 4 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Hepatitis 4 Cholera 1 3 ... . .. ... ... ... ... ... . .. Gastritis 1 Erysipelas 1 2o ... ... . .. ... ... ... . .. Dyspepsia ... 3 Rheumatism 7 6 ... ... ... . .. ... ... .
Order 5.-Diseases of the Urinary Order 2.-Enthetic Diseases: Organs:
Syphilis ... ... ... 5 25 ... .. . Kidney Disease . .. . .. 1 Gonorrhrea ... ... 6 ll ... .. .
Order B.-Diseases of the Integu· Order 3.-Dietic Diseases: mentary System :
Delirium Tremens 24 7 Ulcer ... ... . .. 4 ... ... ... ... Skin Disea'e 4 ... ...
Total, Class I. 61 8 Total, Class Ill. ... 87 ... ... . .. ,-.,.-CLASs IV.-DKVELOPMENTAL
CLAss II.-CoNsTtTOTIONAL DISEASES.
DISEASES. Order 2 -Developmental Diseases
Order 2.-Tubercular Diseases: of Adults:
Paramenia ' 2 Abscess 2 8 ... ... ... .,. ... ... .. . 1- Order 4.-Diseases of Nutrition:
Total, Class II. ... 2 8 ... .. . Debility 3 ... ... . ..
I~ "'" '"'O ".o: Ac "" "'" .,_ ,.o
"" >o ~:;:; --
Days.
24 3 8 4 6
3
20 20
10
10
15 -----1-1- 1-·,-
Total, Class IV. ... 5 1-
CLASS III.-LocAL DISEASEs. I
CLASs V.-VIOLENOE. Order I.-Diseases of the Nervous
System: Order I.-Accident or Negligence:
Epilepsy ... ... ... 2 9 ... .. . Fractures ... . .. Brain Diseases ... ... 2 10 . .. ... Contusions ...
Sprains ... ... Wounds ... ...
Order 8.-Diseases of the Respira-Total, Class V. tory System :
Bronchitis Asthma ... ... ... 9 G ... ... ... ... 2 7 .. . ...
Average d~ily ·numerical strength of establishment
N uru ber of cases of sickneBB of ditto
There was no deatb.
REMARKS.
Total of all Classes
... 2
... 1 .. . 3
. .. 3
... 9
... 114
79
144·30
13 --
21 4
11 10
12
9
'0 .Jtt:i ... .... "~ "' Oi!l "' s ...... "'E-<
" ""~ z.,; "'" -,;! ~~ ~~ "O
A'S E-<A -----
... ... ... .. . . .. . ..
... ... ... ...
... ...
... ... ... . .. ,_
... ... 1-
... . ..
... .. . :----. .. . .. 1----
... .. . ... . .. ... .. . ... ... ,-... .. .
... ...
The only subject for remark is that there was a considerably less amount of sickness during this year tban in 1873.
RICHARD BUNCE,
Surgeon ofthe Gao~.
17
BEECHWORTH GAOL.
RETURN .of ·Diseases and Deaths at. the .Beech worth Gaol during the Year 187 4.
'\:!
11
'Cl ~~ 'S
~ ~d 0~ e~
Dlseo.;;es. h ~F:; Diseases. =e ,gill ~,.. _, ,8 ""' Ac: 0~ E-C
1-
Days.
CLASS I.-ZY11!0TIC DISEASES.,. CLASS III.-LooAL DISEASEs-continued.
Order I.-Miasmatic Diseases: .
Order 4.-Diseases of the Digestive Typhus ... ... ... 3 7 ... . .. Organs: Metria ... ... ... s 35 .. . ... Ulceration of Intestines 2 Carbuncle and Boil 2 7 ... ... ... .. . Ileus 2 Influ'enza 1 7 ... ... . .. ... . .. ... ... Dyspepsia ... 8 Dysentery· 2 I2
... ... ... . .. ... . .. Liver Disease (Hydatids) I Rheumatism 10 s ... ... ... . .. ... Diarrhcea .•. ... ... 2 2 ... . .. Order 5.-Diseases of the Urinary I
Order 2.-Enthetic Diseases: Organs:
Syphilis NephJitis ... ... . .. 5 ... ... ... 6 24 Gonorrhcea ... ... ... ... 2 18 Order 7.-Diseases of the Loco-... .. . Order 3.-Dietic Diseases: motive System:
Alcoholism (Intemperance) Periostitis ••• ... ... 4 ... , I 1 ... .. .. , Order B.-Diseases of the Integu-Order 4.-Parasitic Diseases:, •
mentary System: Woi'Ins ... ... ... Whitlow 1 ... ... ...
Total, Class L 1 4 ... ... Ulcer ... ... .. . I ... Psoriasis ... ... ... ... 33 12 ... ... --
--- Total, Class Ill. ... 44
CLASS !I.-CONSTITUTIONAL --DISEASES.
CLASS IV."-DEVELOP!IENTAL Order 2.-Tubercular Diseases: DiSEASES,
Hremoptysis ... . .. Order 4,-Disease.~ of Nutrition : Others, including Abscess, &c. 3 36 ... ... Debility s 2 2 ... ... ... ... ...
Total, Class IL 1-... ---.-- __ , ___ Total, Class IV. 3 5 22 ... ... ... ·---'--__ , __
CLASS lli.-LooAL DISEASES, CLAss v.-VroLENoE.
Order 1.-Accident or Negligence: Order I.-Diseases of the Nervous· Coup-de-solei! ... ... 1 System: Fractures apd Contusions ... 9
Epilepsy ... ... 2 10 . .. . .. Ophthalmia and Neuralgia ... 7 6 ... .. . Order 4.-Suicide •
Order 3.-Diseases of the Respira- Wound of Throat ... ... 1
tory System : 1'otal, Class V. ... 11 Bronchitis ... ... ... 8 6 ... . .. 1-Pleuritis ... ... ... 2 10 . .. . .. Asthma ... ... .... 1 21 ... . ... Total of all Classes ... 96
Average daily numerical strengtl1 of establishment CaSes of sickness per cent. of ditto
33 290·90
Nil. Deaths per cent .. of ditto
REMARKS.
No epidemic in the gaol during the year.
.; . '" f8 ~.g ~~ ,_ ,.o
"" .. 0 <l:;;: --Days.
7 8 7
IO
4
IO
2 4 . ..
-7
--
12 --
12 --
2 15
s 13
10
'll ~'S .. ~~ ~
" "!'-"' .. ~· ....
~~ "'"' ~a 0" ~~ <-A -----
... ... ... . .. ... ... ... ...
... .. .
... .. .
. .. ... ... .. .
... .. . --·--... . .. ----
... ... -----. .... .. . -----
... ... ... ...
... .. .
... ...
. .. . ..
A hospital ward is very much required, as it is impossible to treat any serious case which may occur with the present" nsufficient and imperfect accommodation.
No. 20. B
W. A. DOBBYN, M.R.C.S. Engl.,
Medical Officer.
18'
'SANDHURST' mtOL;
· k~;_ru:aw: ·6n:>isea~J~ ·a&a-·ne::tth'~, a'f'th'~ sa"ildb:u~ilFGlloi' alix'iril'tli~ ':r'eat"-1'87·4::.
r: t ... I " t' ~ : I
'D~se£i.:i, ' ·I t- r \ ' D!SetiseS; ~ · \
CLASS I.-ZYMOTIC DISEASES." '· riays. ,_ ...• '! CLASS Ill.'-LOCAL DISEASES,;_J• '
Order l~-Miasmatic Diseases:
Quinsy i •.. ; . . .. Carbuncle, Boil, &c. Influenza, Catarrh ••• Dysentery ••• Diarrhaia ... Rh'eumatism · •••
I I I I
Order 2,-Enthetic Diseases :
Spjrhilis· .. , ; ~ Gonorrhrna, Stricture ···
·:. 12 2 3 3 '4· 2
.. ... 24 "3 10, "4 21' 4
10 11
' ...
' · ...
· ...
,.
Order 8~-Dietic Diseases:· "· ".,
Alcoholism-Delirium Tremens · · , Intemperance only
-Purpura. and Scurvy. • ••..
11 6 13 "7 2 10 3 4 Opium Smoking• ... - ··'· ...
Order 4~-Parasitic Diseases : . ' . Thrush ... • •• Wormsj ... i
· · Hydatidc;·; • .'. Others : '. •• · ...
I 'I
1 Total, Class I.
CLASS II.-CONSTll'UTION.Ar.: . '. . DISEASES. I
.Order I.-Diathetic Diseases:. ' ! I •
· · Dropsy (Anasarca) ::.
Order 2.-Tuberc'ular Diseases:·
·' 2 "4 .... .. . 3 2 ... .. . 1 31 ... • .• 5•'·' 3 ... ...
---- --!----'-----135 5 ... ...
--- -·-·
2 18
.{ ·, .. Scrofula ... . •• · "· .. • . · '· S .Tabes.Mesenterica ... 1
· Total, Clas~ If
Ci:.ass III.-Loo.u. DrsEASlis. I
Order 1.-Diseuses of I Nervous
--- -- -,-, -·---6 8 ... ...
--1-'- --
continued •.
Order 4~-Diseases of :Digestive : Organs: I .'
; f . ~ntcri~is ·~u Hernia ... Ileus· ·. .;;. i
i! :· Fis;tu!~ i ;;:.: ~:r ..... i .. Stomacli J:?iseases .. 1•
I i
'Order 5.-Diseases '' Organs:. 1 I : " ·Ischuria) ·: •• 1 ..
I I
...
Order 7.-Diseas~s , motivr; System:,
of the Loco-
! Joint Disease· p I I I :order .. s.:.;.Di~eases of_tile ·Integud '!l;o/'tary System::~~· ' ,, ·-Phlegmon·--· -- ·-;.'. •' Ulcer.~ I ...
•I
Skin Diseases ...
Total, Class III ..
; .. ~
- ---1" . . . . •• .
• ·CLASS IV.-'-DEVELOPMENTAL DISEASES,
!; I ' I f.
Order 2.-Diseases oifAdults :· 1 ' , , I ' Parame~ia
'I li
Childbirth I
: Tot~1,:c1ass IV. p I ,;
;CLASS y.-VIoLENCE;
... 5 1 1 1 7
2
1 6 6
.·9 ... 4 ...
··s ... 7'· ... . 2 .. .
6
'f<•
6 ••• -10· a·
l'.•••
... I
1-----\)1 .,5 ••• • .. ---
' i l . i ~ .~ •\·.•
4. 4 1 21 .i : ••
5 -----'----
System: . ~ • • I j
Insanity ... • .. 2 ·t5 1 4 5 2 6 3
··:Order I.-Accident or Negligence:· · , 1 1 I
Epilepsy .... .J. Neuralgia... .. . Brai~ Diseases, &c ... .
·Order 2.-Diseases of_Orga~~- of Circulation :
Heart Disease
Order 3.-Diseases of Respiratory System:
Bronchitis ... Lung Disease
i 1
5' ...
2 7 ...
i
Fractures, Contusions, &c. Wounds ,,, ··· ... Burns and Scalds ...
Order 4.-Suicide:~' ·, • 1:; ..
·Wound (Cut Throat)
Total, Class V.
Total of all Classes
Average daily numerical strength of establishment Number of cases of sickness per cent. of ditto Number of deaths per cent. of ditto
REMARKS. Totals and averages nearly similar to last year. No.deaths. .
3 1 2
7 13 ... 17
1 21
7
204
83 245•78
0·
12
fj ... I ...
Th~ two cases of-insanity were transferred to the lunatic asylum. JOHN CRUIKSHANK, M.D.
19
BATTERY OF GARRISON ARTILLERY.
RETURN of Diseases and Deaths in the Battery of Garrison Artillery during the Year 1874.
0:: "5 0 'll ;;: 1;,1.0 ~~ .o"'
Diseases. §~ A,;5 :Z.E-< ~.d :s:n "" ~a! ~~ <i<l
Days.
CLASS 1-Z'fMO"MO DISEASES.
·Order I.-Miasmatic Di~eases :
Measles 12 12 Diphtheria 2 20 Quinsy 1 6 Boils 1 3 Influenza and Catarrh 11 5 Dysentery 2 4 Diarrbrea ••• 22 5 Remittent Fever 8 4 Rheumatism 10 5 Others 10 7
Order 2.-Enthetic Diseases :
Syphilis ... 6 32 Gonorrhrea 8 41
: ----------Total, Class I. 93 11 ... I
---- ---
ULABS 11.-CONSTITIM'IONAL DISEASES.
Order 1.-Diathetic Diseases:
Gout 3
Order 2.-Tubercular Diseases :
Abscess, &c. 2 6
'l'otal, Class 11. 3 5
---------
CLASS Ill-LocAL DISEASES.
Order 1.-Diseases of the Nervous System:
Debility and others .... 12 9
Average daily strength of battery
Number of cases of sickness per cent. of ditto
Number of deaths per cent. of ditto
Diseases.
CLASS 111.-LooAL DISEASES-continued.
Order 3.-Diseases of the Respira• tory System :
Bronchitis .•• Congestion of Lungs Asthma Influenza, &e.
Order 4.-Diseases of the Digestive Organs:
Dyspepsia, &c. Liver Complaint · Spleen Disease
Order B.-Diseases 'if the Integu-mentary System :
Phlegmon and Whitlow Ulcer Skin Diseases
Total, Class HI. ....
CLASS V.-VIOLENOE.
Order I.-Accident or Negligence:
Fractures and Contusions Wounds and Cuts ... Drowning (partial) .•. Bruises and Sprains
Order 4.-Suicide:
Fracture of Skull
. Total, Class V.
Total of all Classes
.... 0
.8~ u :Z.E-<
~~ E-<0
24 3 1
20
23 3 1
5 7 4
--103
---
5 21 1
is
--44 --
243
139
174·81
o·n
8 6 2 4
5 6 3
11 5 7
--5
--·--
5 3 1 2
1 -- --
3 1 ----
7 1
~E 0$ 8_8 .. :e 5:1 di;)
A~
---
100· ---
2·27 ---
0•41
~ATRICK MOLONEY,
Medical Officer.
By Authority: GEORGE SKINNEB, Acting Government Printer, Melbourne.
