CHAPTER TWOClassical Civilization: China

World Civilizations, The Global Experience AP* Edition, 5th Edition

Stearns/Adas/Schwartz/Gilbert

Copyright 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman

*AP and Advanced Placement are registered trademarks of The College Entrance Examination Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, this product.

Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. Patterns in Classical ChinaII. Political InstitutionsIII. Religion and cultureIV. Economy and SocietyV. How Chinese Civilization Fits Together

Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Kung Fuzi (Confucius) (551–478 B.C.E.)wandering scholarAnalects

Zhou Dynasty (1029–258 B.C.E.)8th century B.C.E.

disruptionsnomadic invasionsrival kingdoms

Shi HuangdiQin Dynasty (221–207 B.C.E.)death leads to revolt

Han Dynasty (202 B.C.E.–220 C.E.)

Dao

China in the Shang and Zhou Eras

Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. Patterns in Classical China

Zhou Dynasty (1029–258 B.C.E.)

height c. 700 B.C.E.

Yangzi River valley settled

"Middle Kingdom"

Mandate of Heaven

Confucius

China from the Later Zhou to the Han Era

Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. Patterns in Classical China

Shi Huangdi

Qin Dynasty (221–207 B.C.E.)

Great Wall

3000 miles

Innovations

census

standardized coinage, weights, measures

common writing system

Han Dynasty (202 B.C.E.–220 C.E.)

into Korea, Indochina, central Asia

contact with India, Parthian Empire

Wu Ti (140–87 B.C.E.)

support of Confucianism

China from the Later Zhou to the Han Era

Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

II. Political Institutions

Political traditions

patriarchal family

ancestor worship

semi-autonomous villagesnobles

local authority

justice

local armies

regional governors

bureaucracies

examinations

schools

Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

III. Religion and Culture

Balance

unifying traditions

Kung Fuzi (ca. 551–478 B.C.E.)

respect for superiors

leaders must show moderation

rank based on intelligence, merit

Legalism

alternative to Confucianism

support authoritarian state

belief in evil nature of humankind

Daoism

more religious

Laozi (5th century B.C.E.)

force of nature

ethical code

Five ClassicsArt

calligraphy

Science

365.5 day year

Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

IV. Economy and Society

Trade

wheat for rice

Agriculture

ox-drawn plow

collar

Water-powered mills

Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, AP* Edition, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

V. How Chinese Civilization Fits Together

Isolation

Confucianism & bureaucracy

Political stability & economic growth

Divisions

Confucianism v. Daoism