CHAPTER 9. HUMAN BEHAVIOR

Ethnocentrism

Skimming for the Main Idea

Ethnocentrism is the belief that one’s own patterns of behavior are the best, the most natural, beautiful, right, or important. Therefore, other people who live differently live by standards that are inhuman, irrational, unnatural, or wrong.

Ethnocentrism is the view that one’s own culture is better than all others: it is the way all people feel about themselves as compared to outsiders.

Scanning for the Development of the Main Idea

1. 5

2. Food preferences/ language/ myths and folktales

3-2. inconceivable

3-3.subgroups

3-4. inhuman

3-5. unnatural

3-6. irrational

3-7. distasteful

3-8. non-Western

Ethnocentrism Cultural Difference=> Culture Shock=> Ethnocentrism 3. Because of the way (that) we are taught in our culture,// we are all ethnocentric. 8. Therefore, other people,( to the extent that they live differently), live by standards (that are inhuman, irrational, unnatural, or wrong). to the extent that S+V: ~~의 정도까지 to some extent: 어느 정도까지 11. Ethnocentrism is the view (that one’s own culture is better than all others); //it is the way (that) all people feel about themselves as compared to outsiders.

13. There is no one in our society (who is not ethnocentric to some degree), no matter how liberal and open-minded he or she might claim to be.

No matter how liberal and open-minded he or she might claim to be.

no matter how + 형+ S + V 의 문형

14. People will always find some aspect of another culture distasteful, be it (=some aspect of another culture) sexual practices, a way of treating friends or relatives, or simply a food (that they cannot manage to get down with a smile).

Find st 형용사 (5형식 구문)

ex. The prosecutor found Mr. Heyer guilty of practicing fraud with the public funds.

get down with a smile: 웃음으로 넘겨버리다.

get down with: 해치우다. 해결하다

However, as anthropologists (who study other cultures), // it is something (that) we should constantly be aware of, so that (~~하기 위해서) when we are tempted to make value judgments about another way of life, we can look at the situation objectively and take our bias into account.

bias: 편견 take something into account: ~~을 고려하다. 참

작하다. The term Eskimo, (which is ) used to refer to groups

(that inhabit the arctic and subarctic regions), is ( 문장의 동사) an Indian word (which is) used by neighbors of the Inuit people (who observed their strange way of life but did not share it).

=> subarctic: 북극아래쪽, 북극에 가까운

The term means “eaters of raw flesh,” and (as such) is an ethnocentric observation about cultural practices (that were normal to one group and repulsive to another).

as such: 그것으로서, 그러한 자격에 있어서, 그것 자체

이 문장은 등위접속사 and를 기점으로 means와 is 두 개의 동사가 서술하는 문장.

repulsive: 혐오감을 일으키는, 속이 메스꺼워지는, 매정한, 쌀쌀한

On the other hand, if we look at one subgroup among the Alaskan natives,//” we find them calling themselves Inuit, which means “real people” (they obviously did not think eating raw flesh was anything out of the ordinary).

We find them calling: 5형식, S+O+ O.C./ find O ~ing (동사원형)

+ call+themselves+ Inut 도 역시 5형식 구문임.

The Greeks, in a classic example of ethnocentrism, considered those whose speech (they could not understand) to be on the same level as dogs, which also could not be understood.

=> Consider + O (those whose speech ~~)+ O.C. (5형식) to be ~~

그들이 알아듣지 못하는 언어를 가지고 있는 이들을 (those whose speech~~) ~~와 같은 존재로 인식하였다.

They did not grant such people the status of human being, much as the word Eskimo gives those people subhuman status.

Grant (v)+ such people (O)+ the status of ~~(o.c.)

Shifting from language to myths and folktales, we find a good example of ethnocentrism in the creation myth of the Cherokee Indians.

Shifting~~: 분사구문. =When (as) it (the creation myth) shifts from

language ~~로 이해하면 됨. We have all heard stories about people (being fed a

meal of snake or horse meat or something equally repugnant in American culture and commenting on how tasty it was—until they were told what they had just eaten, upon which they turned green and hurriedly asked to be excused from the table).

Being fed와 commenting이 분사구문으로 people을 꾸며줌.

being fed는 과거분사의 형태에서 being이 생략되지 않는 형태임. 본래 문장으로 바꾸면 아래와 같다.

-> people who were fed ~~~ and commented~~~ 임.

In India, a cow receives the kind of care (that a horse or even a dog receives in our country,)// and (the attitude of Indians toward eating beef )is similar to our feeling about eating dog meat.

Scanning for Words with Clues

2. liberal, open-minded

3. bias

4. self-evaluation

5. repulsive, repugnant

6. barbarian

7. hue

8. inconceivable

Studying English Through

Media

Twilight 1-P 47 Why don't we just hang out?

Everybody's going to the beach.

Come.

I mean, have fun.

Which beach?

La Push.

I don't know. I just...

Is there something wrong with that beach?

It's just a little crowded.

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Twilight 1-P 47 해석 우리 그냥 어울리면 어때?

모두들 해변에 갈거야

같이 가

내 말은 그냥 즐기자고

어디 해변?

라 푸시

글쎄, 모르겠네, 난...

그 해변에 문제 있어?

그냥 애들이 많아서

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Twilight 1-P 48 Hey, it's freezing.

I'm paddling out, Coates.

I don't know if it's worth it anymore. - We drove all the way out here.

I'm at least paddling out. - Yeah.

You guys are babies.

So, I keep thinking that Eric's gonna ask me to the prom,

and then he just doesn't.

You should ask him.

Take control.

You're a strong, independent woman.

I am?

Yes.

Hey, will you do me up?

Yeah.

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Twilight 1-P 48 해석 엄청 추운데

타고 나간다

이럴 가치가 있나 - 여기까지 왔잖아

타고 나가야지 - 그래

너희들은 겁장이야

에릭의 무도회 신청을 기다리고 있어

그런데 안 하네

네가 신청해

주도권을 잡아

넌 강하고 독립적인 여성이야

내가?

그럼

지퍼 올려줄래?

그래?

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Twilight 1-P 49 Bella!

Hi, Jacob.

Guys, this is Jacob.

Hey, guys. How you doing?

Hi.

Hi.

What are you, like, stalking me?

You're on my rez, remember?

Are you surfing?

Definitely not.

Thanks.

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Twilight 1-P 49 해석 벨라!

안녕, 제이콥

얘들아, 제이콥이야

안녕, 반갑다

안녕

안녕

나 스토킹하는 거야?

내 구역에 들어왔잖아

서핑해?

절대 못 하지

고마워

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Twilight 1-P 50

You guys should keep Bella company.

Her date bailed.

What date?

She invited Edward.

To be polite, that's it.

I think it's nice she invited him.

Nobody ever does.

Yeah, 'cause Cullen's a freak.

You got that right.

You guys know him?

The Cullens don't come here

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Twilight 1-P 50 해석 너희들이 벨라 친구해줘

데이트 상대가 안 왔어

데이트라니?

에드워드를 불렀어

예의상 그랬어

초대한 거 잘한거야

아무도 안 하잖아

컬린애들은 이상하잖아

맞는 말이야

너희들도 알아?

컬린 애들은 여기 안 와