Chapter 8Securing the Republic,

1790–1815

Please answer the following quesiton in your binder:

Who do you think was the better president? John Adams Thomas Jefferson

Why?

Warm Up10.31.13

The Election of 1796: Washington decides to retire *Farwell Address First contested election!

John Adams Thomas Jefferson

John Adams Brilliant, but disliked by almost everyone

The Adams Presidency

The “Reign of Witches” Alien and Sedition Acts AWFUL! Jefferson likened them to the Salem Witch Trials!

The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions: Criticized the acts as a violation of the First Amendment These states decided not to follow the federal law

The Adams Presidency

The “Revolution of 1800”:

Thomas Jefferson and the Democractic- Republicans take over

Peaceful Transfer of Power!

The Adams Presidency

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & CompanyMap 8.1 The Presidential Election 1800

Slavery and Politics: Slavery lurked in the background of debates in the 1790s. Jefferson was elected only because he received all of the South’s

electoral college votes. Jeffersonian liberty rested on the fact that three-fifths of the slaves

were counted in apportionment. If it had been otherwise, Adams would have been re-elected in

1800.

The first Congress received petitions for the abolition of slavery, including one signed by Benjamin Franklin. Madison and other political leaders, even though they found slavery distasteful, believed that it was too divisive to be made in issue in national politics, and they ignored the petitions.

The Adams Presidency

The Haitian Revolution: Haiti declares independence from France Inspired American slaves to seek independence

Gabriel’s Rebellion: 1800 also saw a slave revolt in America, led by Gabriel Prosser, a

Virginia slave. Plotting to kill whites on the way to Richmond, where they would hold

government officials hostage and demand the abolition of slavery, the slave rebels were discovered, arrested, and many of them executed.

They were inspired: American Rev and George Washington

The result: Harsh slave laws in VA.

The Adams Presidency

Announcements/ Housekeeping: Unit 3 Exam & DBQ #2:

Wednesday 11/6 & 11/7 DBQ IN CLASS!

Review SheetComplete Poster Activity:

Complete construction Take notes

Notes on Jefferson’s PresidencyHW: 305-311 in GML!

Agenda10.30.13

Bkgd 3rd President 1801-1809 Vowed to:

Reduce gov’t Promote free trade Ensure freedom of religion and the press “avoid entangling alliances”

Judicial Review: Marbury v. Madison (1803) Established the right of the S.C. to determine whether an act of

Congress violates the Constitution: Judicial Review

Also extended to state laws

Jefferson in Power

The Louisiana Purchase: Acquired from France in 1800 Stretches from Mississippi to the Rocky Mountains Cost = $15,000,000 Sold due to French loss in the Haitian Revolution Doubled the nations size Supported agrarian values

Jefferson in Power

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & CompanyMap 8.2 The Louisiana Purchase

Lewis and Clark: Soon after purchasing Louisiana, TJ deployed two fellow Virginians

to explore it: Meriwether Lewis William Clark

Mission = find a commercial route to the Pacific Ocean Incorporating Louisiana:

Difficult Deep rooted Spanish and French customs Slaves in LA had limited rights prior; however, after U.S. took

over, this changed.

Jefferson in Power

The Barbary Wars: U.S. depended on many goods from Europe

Manufactured goods Jefferson had hoped to avoid “becoming entangled in Europe’s

wars” This ultimately did not happen Jefferson was first president to use U.S. military to fight in war:

Barbary Wars Protect U.S. shipping interests in the Mediterranean

Jefferson in Power

The Embargo: War b/t France & Britain resumed in 1803 Blockades by both sides British impressment of American sailors Jefferson retaliated – Embargo

Prohibited all American ships from sailing to foreign ports Essentially shut down American exports Did not affect Britain or France 1809 – Jefferson signed the Non- Intercourse Act:

Banned trade with only Britain and France Promised a resumption of trae with either nation if it ended its ban on

American shipping

Jefferson in Power