Chapter 3 - OSH Management

Chapter 3 : OCCUPATIONAL

SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT

S A F E T Y & H E A L T H C O M M I T T E E

COURSE CONTENT3.1 UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPTS OF

SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGEMENT

3.2 UNDERSTAND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE

3.3 UNDERSTAND THE ROLES OF THE MANAGEMENT

3.4 UNDERSTAND THE SAFETY TRAINING

3.1CONCEPTS OF

SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGEMENT


• A Safety and Health Management System can be defined as ‘the means by which an organisation controls risk through the management process’.

The BSI define a OH&S management system as ‘part of the overall management system that facilities the management of the OH&S risks associated with the business of the organisation. This includes the organisational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing and achieving, reviewing and maintaining the organisation’s OH&S policy.

• Health and safety objectives are a major part of a management system and are defined as “the goals in terms of H&S performance that an organisation sets itself to achieve and should be quantified wherever practicable”.

• OH&S Objectives should be set annually.


Examples of types of an OH&S objective include:

• The introduction of additional features into the OH&S management system (e.g. permit to work systems for specific tasks, strategic OH&S safety training for supervisors etc.)

• The improvement of existing features, or the constancy of their application across the organisation (e.g. accident reporting, communication of standard procedures etc.).

• The elimination or the reduction in frequency of particular undesired incidents (e.g. reduce accidents by 20%, remove all hazardous material etc.)


3.2SAFETY & HEALTH

COMMITTEE

DO WE REALLY NEED A

SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE ?



• SAFETY & HEALTHSAFETY & HEALTH A great concern to company A greater concern to the employees

• SO ….Employees should share in the work of ACCIDENT PREVENTION….ACCIDENT PREVENTION….

YES !


WHY SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE ESSENTIAL ?

• Management give their best effort to correct unsafe condition/practices but employees in a good position to observe the HAZARDSHAZARDS

• An important source of help would be overlooked if employee Safety & Health committee were not included in the organisation


Objectives of OSHA 1994

to secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work against risks out of the activities at work;

to protect person at a place of work other than persons at work against risks out of the activities at work;

to promote an occupational environment for persons at work which is adapted to their physiological and psychological needs

to provide the means to be progressively replaced by a system of regulations and approved industry codes….. to maintain or improve the standards of safety and health.


OSHA 1994 Spirit of OSHA 1994

“Self Regulation” Workers Cooperation & Consultation All economic activities except shipping and

armed forces

Guiding principles Responsibilities for OSH lies with those WHO

CREATE THE RISK and those WHO WORK WITH THE RISK

Concept of so far as is REASONABLE/ PRACTICABLE


Every employer shall establish a Safety & Health Committee (SHC) at the place of work in accordance with this section if :-• 40 or more persons employed at the

place of work or• The Director General directs the

establishment of such a committee at the place of work


OBJECTIVES OF SHC

To fulfil the requirement of OSHA 1994To promote consultation and cooperation

between management and workers in upgrading safety & health at work

To provide a two-way communication channel or dissemination of information on safety & health issues

To enhance interest and motivation of all groups of management and workers at place of work in safety & health.


CHAIRMAN

MANAGEMENTREPRESENTATIVES

WORKERSREPRESENTATIVES

SECRETARY

MANAGEMENTREPRESENTATIVES

WORKERSREPRESENTATIVES


(con’t) Chairman : Employer or his

authorised manager Secretary : Safety & Health

Officer Management Representatives:

Manager/Director/Supervisors Workers Representatives:

From section or process


Appointment

Chairman Employer or Authorised Manager shall be

chairman.

Secretary Person employed as Safety & Health Officer If no SHO, chairman may appoint another

person or SHC may appoint by ballots ( sulit ) from

members.


AppointmentManagement Representatives :

Appointed by Employer Min 2 persons ( < 100 employees ) Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees )

Workers Representatives : Selected by workers Appointed by employer Min 2 persons ( < 100 employees ) Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees )

Appointment

Employees Representatives Nominated from employees If number exceeded the vacancies…. ballot If no representatives, employer shall appoint Shall represent various section of work place Any vacancy shall be replaced in the same

manner as the previous member. Do not penalise workers who absent due to their

duties as SHC members



Removal of Committee member

Fail to attend 3 consecutive meetings Unsound mind Bankrupt No longer employed (employee rep) Convicted on a charge of:

Fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude offence under law relating to OSH Other criminal offence

Incapable to carry duty as member


Part III ( OSHA 1994 )

Assist in development of Safety & Health rules and safe system of work

Review the effectiveness of Safety & Health Programmes

To investigate any safety & health matter brought to attention of employer.

Review Safety & Health policies and recommend to employer for revision of such policies.


Assist in development of rules and systems

Assist in development and review of safety & health programmes

Perform analysis of incident trends and statistics

Review and recommend amendments to safety & health policies.


Perform inspections at work place and recommend preventive and corrective measures

Perform immediate investigation of accidents, near-miss accident, dangerous occurrence, occupational poisoning or occupational diseases occurred at workplace.


• Investigates complaints of unsafe or unhealthy practices and report to employer with recommendations for corrective actions.

• Assists in the development of promotional and education programmes

• Discusses reports and matters from the safety officer, enforcement officer, etc

• Advises the employer on safety and health matters


INSPECTION OF WORKPLACE

Inspect at least once in every three months

Discuss the observation of the members during inspection

Record the details of such circumstances in a report kept for such purpose

Make recommendations to the employer on the remedial measures to be taken on any matter.

Record the recommendations in the report


Investigation into any accident(According to SHC Regulation)

• To inspect the place of work as soon as it is safe to do so.

• SHO shall furnish the chairman of committee with a report of his findings.

• Chairman shall as soon as practicable (ASAP) convene a meeting of the committee to discuss the report.

• If no SHO, employer or authorised manager shall inform the chairman or the secretary.


Investigating an accident• Chairman/secretary shall ASAP after the

committee has inspected the place of work convene a meeting to investigate into such incident.

• In the meeting, the committee shall discuss the cause of accident…. And make recommendations to the employer to prevent the reoccurrence of such incident


Investigating an accident SHO or Chairman ( if no SHO ) shall furnish the

employer or his authorised manager on the recommendations.

Employer or authorised manager shall ASAP discuss the report or recommendations with SHO or Chairman.

SHO or Chairman shall record the decision of the employer or his authorised manager


Investigating an accident

• Employer or authorised manager shall direct any person employed to take such action…..

• Employer shall keep a copy of the report for a minimum period of SEVEN years.

Formulate own meeting procedures and terms of references

Frequency of meetings: Depends on nature of risk at workplace At least once a month for high risk workplace Once in three month for other workplaces More frequent meetings during initial period of formation.

In the event of an accident or any other situations which calls for immediate attentions, meeting should be held immediately.


Agenda and minutes : Early notice in writing and circulation of agenda

attached.

Only matters pertaining to Safety & Health to be discussed.

Minutes circulated soon, not later than two weeks after meeting


Meeting Facilities :

• EMPLOYER SHOULD :– Provide suitable meeting room at the place of

work.

– Permit member to attend meeting during working hours.


Quorum Half of total number of members

Non member may attend May invite any person to discuss pertaining to

OSH matters or related to any accident occurred in the plant.



Safety and Health matters only Strictly for Safety & Health matters in workplace .

Minutes Copy of every meeting shall be furnished to every

member and the employer within TWO WEEKS after the meeting.

Minutes Shall be kept at place of work for minimum period

of SEVEN years.

The employer should furnished the DOSH with a copy of minutes if required.


TRAINING & INFORMATION Employer to ensure

Committee members have basic understanding and knowledge on the function of the committee.

Provide training to the committee member. Availability of an adequate document &

information for SHC• Act & Legislation• Code of Practices• Technical Informations• Operational Information etc



EMPLOYER SHOULD NOT :

• Disclose any information which would be prejudicial to national security.

• Disclosure of information which contravene with any law

• Disclose individual matters unless consented to its disclosure

• Provide any information other than for Safety & Health or welfare at work.

• Any information obtained by the employer for legal matters.


PENALTYAny person who contravene any of the provision of these regulation shall

be guilty of an offence and shall be liable to a fine not exceeding FIVE

THOUSAND RINGGIT or imprisonment for a term not exceeding

SIX MONTHS or to BOTH


STRUCTURE OF COMMITEE

Joint management-worker committee at workplace

Company may form other committee to supplement work of joint committee such as : Management committee to oversee work of joint

committee or subcommittee (permanent or ad-hoc)

Must have clear communication channel between joint committee and other committee.

IN SUMMARYENSURING EFFECTIVE COMMITEE

• Basic knowledge and interest of members

• On going training and education of members

• Availability of relevant information to members

• Regularity and frequency of meetings

• Fast decision making and follow-up action

• Wide publicity of committee activities

• Recognition of members

• Leadership of chairman

• Stick to safety and health only


TOPIC 3.3ROLES OF THE MANAGEMENT


• There are a number of strategies that can be used by organizations to ensure a healthy and safe workplace and ensure compliance with legal requirements.

• For Example :

Design Safe and healthy systems of work

Exhibit Strong management commitment

Inspect Workplace for health and safety problems

Establish Procedures and controls for dealing with health and safety issues

Develop Training programs

Set up Health and safety committees

Monitor Safety policies

Draw up Action plan and checklist


Policy This is a statement of the principles governing decision-making. They can only be changed by the Management and are mandatory.

Procedure Describes the functional steps used to implement policies. Examples are those used by Safety & Health to promote adherence to management policy and are mandatory.

Guidelines Describe specific aspects of working to the requirements of procedures where extended explanation is required and provided by Safety and Health. They contain recommended methods and statements with the objective of achieving certain standards or outcomes.


Safety Handbooks and Manuals

These documents can provide both procedural instructions and guidance on a specific subject. They are intended to describe a generic approach (e.g. Contractor Safety Handbook) and may describe activities which are routinely carried out as part of the normal functioning of the area (e.g. Laboratory or Workshop manuals).

Safety Management

This is a summary of the appropriate Safety and Health policies, procedures and guidelines which govern all aspects of task planning. It provides a framework within which tasks or activities can occur.

Job Safety The area supervisor ensures that all task planning accords with a Safety Management Plan detailing applicable Safety and Health Policies, Procedures and Guidelines (including Handbooks and Manuals).

Enforcement the safety procedure• The action plan must be implemented in a

way that is compatible with professional rules and practices as well as with existing procedures.

Follow-up the safety management system• The effectiveness of the system implemented

must be checked and follow-up, and if a new risk or hazard factor is identified there must be a response. Audits must be systematically carried out and analysed in order to select corrective actions.


TOPIC 3.4SAFETY & HEALTH

TRAINING

DO WE NEED A SAFETY & HEALTH

TRAINING ?

S A F E T Y & H E A L T H T R A I N I N G

YES! OF COURSE..

**Companies are legally responsible for providing the safety training mandated for their industry by OSHA. **

WHY SAFETY TRAINING IMPORTANT ?

• Safety training is the key element in the prevention of work-related injuries, illnesses and death.

• When properly trained on safety procedures, employees will – understand the importance of workplace safety, – know how prevent an incident in the workplace by

following workplace safety procedures, – learn how to respond quickly if presented with a

dangerous situation.



Different work environments require different types and levels of safety training.

For example : eye safety and heat stress training is pertinent to

construction and other outdoor workers, first aid training is important for all work

environments. Other types of safety training courses include

workplace violence, respiratory protection, safety awareness, electrical safety and etc.

• Back Safety • Bloodborne Pathogens • Construction Safety • Crane Safety • DOT & Trucking • Driving Safety • Electrical Safety • Emergency Planning • EPA • Ergonomics • Eye Safety • Fall Protection • Fire Extinguisher Use • Fire Prevention • First Aid • Food Service Safety • Forklift Safety • Hand & Finger Safety• Hand & Power Tools • HazCom • HazMat

• HAZWOPER • Healthcare • Hearing Protection • Heat Stress • Hotels / Hospitality • Housekeeping • Industrial Safety • Kitchen Safety • Laboratory Safety • Ladder Safety • Lead Safety • Lockout / Tagout • Machine Guarding • Maintenance Safety • MSDS • Office Safety • Off The Job Safety • PPE • Recordkeeping • Respiratory Safety • Retail Safety

• Safety Awareness • Safety Orientation • Scaffolding Safety • School & School Bus

Safety• Shop Safety • Solid Waste • Specific Chemicals

& Gases • Supervisor Safety • Trenching & Shoring • Utilities & Public

Works • Warehouse Safety • Welding Safety • Workplace Violence • Workzone Safety


Thank you

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Documents

Chapter 3 - OSH Management