Chapter 2 Lesson 2 Making Decisions and Setting Goals

Chapter 2 Chapter 2 Lesson 2Lesson 2

Making Decisions and Setting GoalsMaking Decisions and Setting Goals

Do NowDo Now

Journal Entry #3Journal Entry #3

Write a list of all the decisions you made Write a list of all the decisions you made today from time you woke up until now. today from time you woke up until now. Then chose one of your decisions and Then chose one of your decisions and focus on the process. focus on the process.

Chapter 2 Chapter 2 Lesson 2Lesson 2

Objectives:Objectives:

1.1. Identify the steps in the decision-Identify the steps in the decision-making process.making process.

2.2. Explain why it is important to practice Explain why it is important to practice decision making.decision making.

3.3. Develop and implement an action plan Develop and implement an action plan for setting a goal. for setting a goal.

Making Decisions and Making Decisions and Setting GoalsSetting Goals

Health ConceptsHealth Concepts Decision making is a multi-step process that Decision making is a multi-step process that

can be used to make responsible health can be used to make responsible health choices. choices.

Practicing your decision-making skills can Practicing your decision-making skills can prepare you to handle real-life situations. prepare you to handle real-life situations.

Setting and achieving goals is important to the Setting and achieving goals is important to the quality of your life. quality of your life.

A key to effective goal setting is learning to A key to effective goal setting is learning to develop and implement an action plan. develop and implement an action plan.

Making Decisions and Making Decisions and Setting GoalsSetting Goals

Activity 1 – Turn to a NeighborActivity 1 – Turn to a Neighbor

Define the following terms and provide Define the following terms and provide examples for each term:examples for each term:

1.1. GoalsGoals

2.2. Action planAction plan

Making Responsible Making Responsible DecisionsDecisions

Imagine finding gift-wrapped boxes at your Imagine finding gift-wrapped boxes at your doorstep along with a note that states, doorstep along with a note that states, “Whichever box you choose will determine how “Whichever box you choose will determine how your life proceeds.” Which box would you your life proceeds.” Which box would you open? Would you just grab the one nearest to open? Would you just grab the one nearest to you and hastily tear off the ribbon? Would you you and hastily tear off the ribbon? Would you instead take your time and carefully inspect instead take your time and carefully inspect each box, looking for subtle clues as to its each box, looking for subtle clues as to its contents? contents?


Making decisions about major life issues must be Making decisions about major life issues must be done carefully and deliberately. Just as you done carefully and deliberately. Just as you would slow down and look for approaching cars would slow down and look for approaching cars when arriving at a busy intersection, so you will when arriving at a busy intersection, so you will need to approach life decisions with caution. need to approach life decisions with caution. You will need to “look in all directions” for You will need to “look in all directions” for possible risks, and then act decisively and possible risks, and then act decisively and without hesitation once the risks have been without hesitation once the risks have been identified and weighed. identified and weighed.


The most crucial step in all decision-The most crucial step in all decision-making is to distinguish between ethical making is to distinguish between ethical and unethical options.and unethical options.

Decisions and actions should only be Decisions and actions should only be based on the choices that are among the based on the choices that are among the ethical options. ethical options.


Activity 2 – Independent Work Activity 2 – Independent Work There are occasions when we do not There are occasions when we do not

have time to use the entire decision-have time to use the entire decision-making process. making process.

Give examples of decisions that need to Give examples of decisions that need to be made quickly. Explain what you be made quickly. Explain what you should do in these situations. should do in these situations.

The Decision Making The Decision Making ModelModel

One of the traits of a health-literate person is being a One of the traits of a health-literate person is being a critical thinker and problem solver- having the critical thinker and problem solver- having the ability to evaluate information from reliable ability to evaluate information from reliable sources and then make a responsible decision. sources and then make a responsible decision.

The decision-making model can help you act in a way The decision-making model can help you act in a way consistent with this trait. The model is designed to consistent with this trait. The model is designed to help you make decisions that will protect your help you make decisions that will protect your rights, health, and self-respect, while respecting rights, health, and self-respect, while respecting the rights, health, and self-respect of others. the rights, health, and self-respect of others.

There are six basic steps in making an important There are six basic steps in making an important decision. decision.


Step 1Step 1

STATE THE SITUATIONSTATE THE SITUATION Examine the situation and ask yourself: What Examine the situation and ask yourself: What

decision needs to be made? decision needs to be made?

Identify others who may be affected by your Identify others who may be affected by your decision. decision.


Step 2Step 2List the Possible OutcomesList the Possible Outcomes

Ask yourself: What are the possible choices that I Ask yourself: What are the possible choices that I could make? could make?

Remember, to include “not act at all,” if appropriate. Remember, to include “not act at all,” if appropriate. Share your options with responsible family Share your options with responsible family members, teachers, or friends. Ask for their members, teachers, or friends. Ask for their adviceadvice. .


Step 3Step 3Weigh The Possible OptionsWeigh The Possible Options

Ask yourself if there are both positive and negative Ask yourself if there are both positive and negative results of each choice. results of each choice.

Weigh the outcome, or consequence, of each Weigh the outcome, or consequence, of each option. option.

Ask yourself: Is this decision healthful, safe, and Ask yourself: Is this decision healthful, safe, and legal? legal?

Does it show respect for others and myself? Does it show respect for others and myself?


Step 4Step 4Consider Your ValuesConsider Your Values

Evaluate whether your course of action is in keeping with Evaluate whether your course of action is in keeping with your values and the values of your family and your values and the values of your family and community. community.

Ask yourself: Am I comfortable with the possible Ask yourself: Am I comfortable with the possible outcome? outcome?

What will my family and other responsible What will my family and other responsible adults think about this decision? adults think about this decision?

What will I feel about this decision in the weeks and What will I feel about this decision in the weeks and months ahead? months ahead?


Step 5Step 5

Make Decision and Take ActionMake Decision and Take ActionUse everything you know at this point to make a Use everything you know at this point to make a

responsible decision. responsible decision.

You can feel good that you have carefully prepared and You can feel good that you have carefully prepared and thought about the situation and your options.thought about the situation and your options.


Step 6Step 6Evaluate Your DecisionEvaluate Your Decision

After you have made the decision and taken action, reflect on After you have made the decision and taken action, reflect on what happened. what happened.

You might ask yourself: What was the outcome?You might ask yourself: What was the outcome?Was it what I expected?Was it what I expected?How did my decision affect my health? How did my decision affect my health? What effect did my decision have on others? What effect did my decision have on others? What did I learn? What did I learn? Would I take the same action again? Would I take the same action again?

Decision Making ModelDecision Making Model

Activity 3 - Group WorkActivity 3 - Group WorkDecision-Making Machine - Decision-Making Machine - HandoutHandout

Practicing the steps in the decision-making Practicing the steps in the decision-making process will increase your familiarity with the process will increase your familiarity with the process, along with the likelihood that you will process, along with the likelihood that you will use it the next time a major problem arises. use it the next time a major problem arises.

An even more important benefit is that mastering An even more important benefit is that mastering this skill gives you an added measure of this skill gives you an added measure of control over your total healthcontrol over your total health..

Setting GoalsSetting Goals

Having and setting goals is one way to help Having and setting goals is one way to help shape your life in positive directions.shape your life in positive directions.

A A goalgoal is something you aim for that takes is something you aim for that takes planning and work.planning and work.

Setting realistic goals and achieving them Setting realistic goals and achieving them leads to increased self esteemleads to increased self esteem

Setting GoalsSetting GoalsDo you view your life as a series of events that Do you view your life as a series of events that

simply happen to you or do you see it as a simply happen to you or do you see it as a work of art that you are constantly shaping and work of art that you are constantly shaping and creating? creating?

Think about your plans for the future. What do Think about your plans for the future. What do you want to do with your life? What do you you want to do with your life? What do you hope to become someday? Do your plans hope to become someday? Do your plans include further education and a family? What include further education and a family? What type of job do you hope to have? What do you type of job do you hope to have? What do you hope to have accomplished by the age of 20? hope to have accomplished by the age of 20? What kind of life do you want to be able to look What kind of life do you want to be able to look back on when you are 70? back on when you are 70?

Kinds of GoalsKinds of Goals

Every goal involves planning, and planning Every goal involves planning, and planning involves time. involves time.

Some goals can be achieved fairly easily and in a Some goals can be achieved fairly easily and in a short period of time. Such short period of time. Such short-term goals short-term goals include getting your homework done by nine include getting your homework done by nine o’clock. o’clock.

Other goals, such as becoming a teacher or a Other goals, such as becoming a teacher or a professional dancer, pose a greater challenge. professional dancer, pose a greater challenge. Such Such long-term goals long-term goals take a longer period— take a longer period— sometimes months or even years—to achieve.sometimes months or even years—to achieve.

Kinds of GoalsKinds of Goals

Many long-term goals can be achieved by breaking Many long-term goals can be achieved by breaking them down into short-term goals. In order to meet them down into short-term goals. In order to meet the long-term goal of playing on the school ice the long-term goal of playing on the school ice hockey team, for example, you must first satisfy hockey team, for example, you must first satisfy the beginning goal of becoming a strong skater. the beginning goal of becoming a strong skater.

What kinds of short- term goals do you think might What kinds of short- term goals do you think might be necessary to pursue a career in politics? What be necessary to pursue a career in politics? What short-term goals might help a person work toward short-term goals might help a person work toward the long-term goal of becoming a professional the long-term goal of becoming a professional athlete? athlete?

Goals and an Action PlanGoals and an Action Plan

While goals can differ in the amount of time and While goals can differ in the amount of time and degree of effort necessary to reach them all degree of effort necessary to reach them all can be achieved by creating an action plan. can be achieved by creating an action plan.

Like the decision-making process, an Like the decision-making process, an action action planplan is a multi-step strategy for identifying and is a multi-step strategy for identifying and achieving goals. achieving goals.

An An Action PlanAction Plan consists of six action-based consists of six action-based steps that can help you accomplish your goals.steps that can help you accomplish your goals.

Action PlanAction Plan

1.1. Select a goal to work on Select a goal to work on In selecting a goal, you need to be specific In selecting a goal, you need to be specific

and realistic. Also, state your goal as and realistic. Also, state your goal as something positive. Do not settle for just something positive. Do not settle for just “not failing.” Focus your energies instead “not failing.” Focus your energies instead on succeeding. This will help motivate you on succeeding. This will help motivate you to work toward achieving your goal. to work toward achieving your goal.


2.2. List what you will do to reach the List what you will do to reach the goalgoal

Look for ways to break your goal down into Look for ways to break your goal down into smaller, more manageable tasks. smaller, more manageable tasks.

If your goal is to become a long- distance If your goal is to become a long- distance runner, begin by training yourself to run runner, begin by training yourself to run shorter distances. shorter distances.


3.3. Identify sources of help and supportIdentify sources of help and support Identify sources of help and support. Identify sources of help and support.

Sources of support and encouragement Sources of support and encouragement are important to achieving any goal. are important to achieving any goal.

Such sources might include friends, family Such sources might include friends, family members, teachers, or neighbors. members, teachers, or neighbors.


4.4. Set a reasonable time frame for Set a reasonable time frame for reaching your goal reaching your goal

When first setting out toward any goal, you When first setting out toward any goal, you should establish a reasonable time limit for should establish a reasonable time limit for reaching that goal and put it in writing. reaching that goal and put it in writing.


5.5. Establish checkpoints to evaluate Establish checkpoints to evaluate your progress your progress

As with establishing a time frame, such As with establishing a time frame, such checkpoints should be reasonable and checkpoints should be reasonable and realistic realistic


6.6. Reward yourself after reaching your Reward yourself after reaching your goal goal

Once you arrive, congratulate yourself and Once you arrive, congratulate yourself and enjoy the personal satisfaction. enjoy the personal satisfaction.

One way is to buy yourself something you One way is to buy yourself something you have wanted. have wanted.

Knowing that a reward waits at the end of Knowing that a reward waits at the end of the journey will help you work that much the journey will help you work that much harder. harder.

Other Guidelines for Other Guidelines for Setting GoalsSetting Goals

Make certain your goal will not harm your Make certain your goal will not harm your health or anyone else’s. health or anyone else’s.

Be sure that your goal shows respect both for Be sure that your goal shows respect both for you and for everyone else affected by it. you and for everyone else affected by it.

Set a goal because it will help you grow, not Set a goal because it will help you grow, not because you want to outdo someone or win because you want to outdo someone or win someone else’s attention. someone else’s attention.

If you fail to reach your goal, use what you If you fail to reach your goal, use what you learn from the failure to set a new goal. learn from the failure to set a new goal.

Goals For LifeGoals For Life

What are your personal goals right now—today?What are your personal goals right now—today? If your answer is that you do not have any, ask If your answer is that you do not have any, ask

yourself why. If you do not have positive goals, yourself why. If you do not have positive goals, you need to ask yourself: you need to ask yourself: Why? Why?

How can I remove the roadblocks that stand in How can I remove the roadblocks that stand in the way of my having positive goals?the way of my having positive goals?

Remember, goal setting, like decision making Remember, goal setting, like decision making and the other health skills you learned about in and the other health skills you learned about in this chapter, can move you toward the ultimate this chapter, can move you toward the ultimate goal of total health and wellness. goal of total health and wellness.

Chapter 2 Chapter 2 Lesson 2Lesson 2ReviewReview

1.1. What are the steps in the decision-making What are the steps in the decision-making process?process?

2.2. Why are questions about consequences so Why are questions about consequences so important when using the decision- making important when using the decision- making process? process?

3.3. Julius, who is 16, has ambitions to become a Julius, who is 16, has ambitions to become a physician some day. Create an action plan physician some day. Create an action plan Julius might follow in reaching this life goal. Julius might follow in reaching this life goal.

Chapter 2 Chapter 2 ReviewReviewUsing Health TermsUsing Health Terms

On a sheet of paper write the term that best matches On a sheet of paper write the term that best matches the definition below.the definition below.

Lesson 1Lesson 11.1. The confidence and worth that you feel about yourself.The confidence and worth that you feel about yourself.2.2. A process through which you send messages from A process through which you send messages from

others.others.3.3. Techniques that can help you refuse when you are Techniques that can help you refuse when you are

urged to take part in unsafe or unhealthful behaviors.urged to take part in unsafe or unhealthful behaviors.4.4. Specific tools and strategies that lead to better and Specific tools and strategies that lead to better and

more informed health choices.more informed health choices.5.5. The body’s and mind’s reactions to everyday demands. The body’s and mind’s reactions to everyday demands.

Chapter 2 Chapter 2 ReviewReviewUsing Health TermsUsing Health Terms

On a sheet of paper write the term that best On a sheet of paper write the term that best matches the definition below.matches the definition below.

Lesson 2Lesson 2 A multi-step strategy for identifying and A multi-step strategy for identifying and

achieving goals.achieving goals. Something you aim for that takes planning Something you aim for that takes planning

and work. and work.

Chapter 2 Chapter 2 ReviewReview

AnswersAnswers

1.1. Self-esteemSelf-esteem

2.2. CommunicationCommunication

3.3. Refusal SkillsRefusal Skills

4.4. Health skillsHealth skills

5.5. StressStress

6.6. Action PlanAction Plan

7.7. GoalGoal

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Chapter 2 Lesson 2 Making Decisions and Setting Goals