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Change & WLB. Changing society, changing trends?. Changes in society and the way we work. Globalisation, competition, productivity Demographic changes Long-hours culture Gender time-gap Wasted talent. Globalisation, competition, productivity. Outsourcing - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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CHANGE & WLB
Changing society, changing trends?
CHANGES IN SOCIETY AND THE WAY WE WORK
Globalisation, competition, productivity Demographic changes Long-hours culture Gender time-gap Wasted talent
GLOBALISATION, COMPETITION, PRODUCTIVITY
Outsourcing From manufacturing to service sectors Demands for greater competitiveness & increased productivity to survive Shortage of talented labour for increased competitiveness Lead to re-think how to maximise working time & talent Macro-economic pressure:
Use more talented in the work pool Search for work methods that allow best use of best talent (FW/ PT) EU: Working flexibility is high on agenda EU: “Flexi-security”
DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE Young people v older people Social effect of aging population: Pensions time-tomb Working retirement Women in work force: Caring for children Elder care Men as carers Changing aspirations
LONG HOURS CULTURE Over-working:
- Paid- Unpaid
Presentee-ism
Who works long hours unpaid?- Which groups?- Which genders?
Who works long hours paid?
Impact of long-hours culture:- Families- Absent fathers
LONG HOURS CULTURE
Part-time working:- 1.5 household working model- Economic necessity- Who works PT?- What kind of work?
Who prefers to work PT?
Value of PT working - Earnings hierarchy M/W : FT/ PT- Gender pay-gap
GENDER TIME-GAP
Traditional FW = PT working- Associated with “caring”
Gender segregation:PT work associated with womenWomen working manager’s long hours = male managers
Gender-based wage-gap = sex-segregated working patterns in family
GENDER TIME-GAP
“Caring” image = labour market inequality- Pay-gap between men & women persists- Reinforced by PT = women- Pay gap between FT women & PT women greater than 1980’s
Traditional gender roles reinforced:Long hours FT work for men v PT low-paid low-skilled for women
GENDER TIME-GAP
Men’s role at home reinforced by gender-role work stereotypes- Men doing more at home- Women still predominate, esp. where man works long hours- Only change when women working longer hours
PT work = low-skill, low paid, manual (50%) v managerial (20%)
BRAIN DRAIN
Working to potential?(Survey of PT workers -mainly women)- Young people (16-24)- Older people (55+)- Mid-career (25-54)
Reasons for working PT:- Constrained by circumstances- Study- Looking for better job
BRAIN DRAIN
Reasons why constrained to low-paid, low-skilled PT jobs/ wasting talent:- Limited offer by employer to work PT- Not find PT work that meets experience- Prefer FT but no vacancies- No suitable FT jobs in area
Stereotypes:- View of PT work- Not know talents in PT team workers- Not think aspire to senior positions (PT work suits “caring”)
BRAIN DRAIN
Men & PT/ FW:- Career death- Social security- Family income
Costs of inflexibility:- For women as individuals- And when caring finishes?
Solutions to inflexibility?
Implications for family policy?
Implications for society?