Ch. 1Housing is a Universal Need

Objectives:Define Housing and describe how it has evolved.Analyze the basic physical and psychological needs

that housing satisfies.Compare and contrast housing needs among people

of different ages and life stages.Assess the importance of building homes that follow

the concept of universal design.

Journal #1

Complete the following sentence: “The most important room in my home is _________________ because _________________.”

Personal Programming You and your spouse are currently looking

for housing in the Spanish Fort area. You have defined what your tastes, needs,

and dreams are for the interior design of a home you would like

You are comfortable with a mortgage of 250,000 – 300,000 dollars

Look through the real estate guide and find 3 houses that come very close to fitting your specifications.

The Development of Housing Basic role = protection; safe environment Need for housing is shared by people

around the world House = any structure built for people to

live in. Housing varies greatly from place to place

and from one time period to another. 3 basic types of housing: natural shelters,

portable shelters, permanent shelters

HOUSES AROUND THE WORLD

http://www.hgpho.to/wfest/house/house-e.html

Natural Shelters Reliance on landscaping for a shelter (dug

pits, caves, trees) After invention of simple tools > tree limbs

for roofs, ladders to reach higher caves on cliffs, levers to move rocks

Archeologist – have discovered bones, rock paintings, and pottery chips in caves occupied thousands of years ago

Portable Shelters Devised by primitive people who survived

by hunting, fishing & gathering fruits/veg Had to move frequently for resources Built shelters with a collapsible framework

that could be taken apart and moved to the next location

Wood, animal skins, branches, grasses used Still used today by Nomads (North African

Bedouins live in tents made from camel hides or palm branches

Permanent Shelters The development of farming and keeping

herd animals gave reason for permanent shelters

Locations were wisely chosen 2 of the earliest = Israel and Syria Tall grasses, bamboo, and other usable

materials were materials used What natural materials in our area could be

used to make a permanent shelter?

Distinctions within Communities Differences were based on an individual’s

standing in the community Two – story houses were built by the upper

class, priests, and merchants Behind these were the middle class homes Outskirts of town were defined by mud-

brick homes Later, rich people gained more possessions

and wanted more protected building sites

Comfortable Shelters Homes before the Renaissance were not

very comfortable (cold wind blew through the rooms, stone floors were cold, light came directly in through narrow windows)

In the 1300’s an increased interest in technology was applied to housing

Homes became brighter, better ventilated and more sanitary

Leisure time was considered in the construction of 19th century homes (relaxation, entertainment, privacy)

Housing Fits Human Needs

Physical Needs Air, Sunlight, Shelter, Sleep, and Food

Psychological Needs Love and belonging, Identity

*Would you rather live in a large home with out of the ordinary features or a smaller apartment in a safer neighborhood?

Housing and Individual Needs Different people/families = different

needs Moving several times is not

uncommon for families Moving through the life cycle

determines housing changes (beginning stage, parenting stage, launching stage, aging stage, retirement stage)

Special Housing Needs

Older people Meal preparation, house cleaning

difficulties Retirement housing

People with disabilities Hearing impairments, visual

impairments, wheelchair access, mental disabilities

Universal Design Until recently, most homes built for

“average” users Universal design (accomodating to all

people of various requirements, needs, and abilities) becoming more popular

Barrier-free design is used in living spaces Adaptable design features being used more

(wheel chair ramp)

Challenges for Tomorrow

Create housing useful to the greatest number of people

Universal design features included in every home

Make better housing available to low and middle income people

Conserve energy and natural resources

Classwork

Checking Your Understanding 1- 9 Page 34

Applications # 5