Central Business District

Area of the city that retail and business activities were clustered

Service for office workers

Included in retail activities which tend to concentrate in the CBD

Why do CBDs attract offices?

high accessibility

Competition for limited space

Causes land values to be high in CBDs

Why is the construction of skyscrapers a characteristic of CBDs?

High land cost

In North America, what activity tends to locate at the street-level floor of a skyscraper?

retail

What characteristic is similar in both CBDs in Europe and North America?

retail and office activities

What land use is usually excluded in North American CBDs.

industrial

travelers taking up less space

Make public transportation a better option for commuting to CBDs.

The fact that so few people live in CBDs, urban areas characteristically have a high level of

commuting

Family protection, religion, politics, and manufacturing

are all cultural reasons for establishing a settlement

bury the dead

religious reason for the establishment of settlements

protect a group’s assets

important political reason for the establishment of settlements

manufacturing, trading, warehousing, and defense

economic reasons for settlements

major difference of dwellers in urban and rural settlements

rural dwellers are more likely to work in agriculture

What activity describes the difference between rural and urban settlement?

economic

A place where farm buildings, homes, and churches are found.

clustered rural

clustered rural

where most people in the world live

French long-lot system

primarily developed because of need for access to a river

Great Britain’s enclosure movement had what impact?

encouraged a dispersed rural settlement pattern

benefit of the enclosure unit

promote agricultural efficiency

In colonial America, where were clustered rural settlements most common?

New England

Plantations were common in which region of colonial America?

Southeast

the fall of the Roman Empire caused

reduction in urban population

placement of buildings around a central market square

characteristic of medieval European urban settlements

city-state

a state dominated by a major city

Professional services (consumers)

not a consumer service

business services

services provided to businesses

area surrounding a service from which consumers are attracted

hinterland

range

maximum distance consumers will travel for a service

threshold

minimum number of people needed to support a service

median

best location for a service in a linear community

According to the ____________________ , the potential use of a service at a location is related directly to population and inversely to distance.

gravity model

geometric pattern used to represent market areas

hexagon

_________________ settlements less numerous and farther apart.

Larger

If a country follows the __________________, if the largest city has 1,000,000 residents, how many people live in the 5th largest city?

rank-size rule, 200,000

Largest city – one million residents, 2nd largest city 200,000, what distribution is followed?

primate city

Significance of the absence of rank-size rule

consumers do not have access to goods and services

market area

functional region

basic industry

a business that sells its products primarily outside of its settlement

the importance of attracting a new basic industry

stimulates new nonbasic industry

rank size-rule

hierarchal ranking of settlements

primate city

at least twice as large as the next smaller city

central place

market center

What type of economic activity is a steel mill?

basic

important basic activity of the southern Great Lakes

manufacturing of durable goods

LDCs specialize in what type business activities?

offshore financial and back office

low wage rates and workers who speak English

Factors that determine where back office activities will locate in LDCs

telecommunications

technical development that has allowed back office services to locate to LDCs

Greatest increases in consumer service has been in

health.