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FOODSAFETYENGINEERINGCenter for
2 0 1 5 N EWS L ET T E R
C3D Technology: Grand Prize Winner of U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s first Food Safety Challenge!
The Center for Food Safety Engineering (CFSE) at Purdue University was established in 2000 as a partnership with the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Eastern Regional Research Center (ERRC). The mission of the CFSE is to develop new knowledge, technologies, and systems for detection and prevention of chemical and microbial contamination of foods while training the next generation of food safety scientists
and engineers. Our researchers are developing systems that use advanced engineering principles coupled with microbiological techniques. These systems include:
1. C3D: Effective food sampling protocols and filtration techniques to maximize microbial cell separation and concentration in an automated instrument.
2. Biochip: Biochip systems, using immunobiology and electrochemistry, for detecting viable cells of Salmonella enterica serovars, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), and Listeria monocytogenes in food.
3. BARDOT: The Bacterial Rapid Detection using Optical scattering Technology (BARDOT) system for microcolony detection and identification of bacteria, including pathogenic L. monocytogenes, select Salmonella serovars, and STEC.
4. Phage: A one-step method using bacteriophages carrying reporter genes for detecting E. coli O157:H7, STEC, and other foodborne pathogenic bacteria directly in the enrichment bag.
5. Raman Sensor: A Raman biosensing platform for detecting single pathogenic cells.
6. And many others, such as a lateral flow immunochromatography system, next-generation metagenomic sequencing methods, immunocytochemistry techniques, and immunobiosensors.
TABLEOFCONTENTS1 Annual Highlights3 Research Projects Overviews8 Scientific Publications9 Work Presented Locations
As the collaboration between the Center for Food Safety Engineering (CFSE) at Purdue University and the USDA, Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Eastern Regional Research Center (ERRC) continues, I am pleased to witness the growth, maturation and impact of this partnership. The partnership is considered an important part of USDA-ARS efforts in food safety research, addressing high priority ARS research goals focused on foodborne pathogens and pathogen detection technologies.
The outstanding research and the growth of the CFSE technologies were evident by the quality and variety of the presentations made by CFSE scientists at the ERRC-CFSE Annual Meeting held at the ERRC
FROMTHEDIRECTORThere were many highlights and banner accomplishments during 2014-2015. The winner of the FDA’s first Food Safety Challenge was our very own C3D technology. Our biochip technology was also among the top 5 finalists in this challenge. CFSE members circled the globe, participating in important food safety conferences and activities from our home base to China, Taiwan, Afghanistan, Brazil, Denmark, and beyond. Dr. Stephen On, a prominent food safety researcher from New Zealand visited the CFSE in May. This newsletter contains only an overview of the many activities and accomplishments of the CFSE. If you are interested in learning more about the CFSE, please visit our Web site at www.cfse.purdue.edu or contact me directly. Together, we can work to ensure the safety of the global food supply.
DirectorDr. Lisa MauerProfessor, Purdue University Department of Food Science
in January of this year. In addition to this annual meeting, USDA-ARS and CFSE scientists were invited to travel to China to participate in scientific meetings of two collaborative research centers established between the USDA and The China Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST): The USDA-MOST Virtual Food Safety Research Center at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and The China Joint Research Center for Food Quality and Safety Control at Nanjing Agricultural University; providing CFSE scientists an international forum in which to present their research accomplishments.
As the ARS principal investigator and collaborative participant, I look forward to the continued growth and maturation of the CFSE technologies and the ERRC-CFSE partnership.
Dr. George C. Paoli USDA, ARS Principal Investigator
The 2014 FDA Food Safety Challenge announced on September 23, 2014, is a call to scientists, academics, entrepreneurs, and innovators from all disciplines to submit concepts applying novel and/or advanced methodologies to foster revolutionary improvements in foodborne pathogen detection. Specifically, concepts should apply cutting-edge techniques to achieve significant improvements in the speed of the FDA’s detection methods for Salmonella with identification to the subtype/serovar level in minimally processed fresh produce. FDA is most interested in concepts that explore the acceleration or elimination of sample preparation and/or enrichment in the testing process, and/or those that employ novel or revolutionary techniques to achieve pathogen detection. As FDA’s food safety program incorporates preventive control measures through the implementation of the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act, quicker detection of these harmful bacteria will help to prevent foodborne illnesses.
Two CFSE technologies were among the top 5 finalists announced on May 11, 2015: the portable system for multiplexed detection of foodborne pathogens in microfluidic biochips through isothermal DNA amplification and electrical detection; and the physical method for concentrating Salmonella to detectable levels using automated microfiltration. All finalists moved to the field accelerator phase of the challenge, in which their concepts were improved with coaching and mentorship from experts in food safety and pathogen testing. At an in-person boot camp with FDA experts, the finalists focused on design, innovation, and the FDA’s testing
FDA 2014 FOOD SAFETY CHALLENGE:GRAND PRIZE WINNER PURDUE UNIVERSITY July 22, 2015 | www.foodsafetychallenge.com
process to help iterate and strengthen their concepts. The finalists presented their concepts at Demo Day in Washington, DC, before a live audience of stakeholders in food and food safety from government and the private sector.
As reported by U.S. News and World Report:
“During the competition, five finalists offered solutions aimed at making Salmonella detection not only easier, but portable. The idea is to give every key player in the food processing chain – from harvest and packaging to distribution and retail – the ability to conduct food safety tests. The goal is to make “farm to fork” a risk-free journey for consumers.”
In his remarks, Captain Palmer Orlandi, Acting Chief Science Officer and Research Director in the FDA’s Office of Foods and Veterinary Medicine, spoke to the importance of the program for FDA:
“We have some fantastic ideas. That was the whole concept of our challenge,” Capt. Orlandi said. “There are so many needs for food safety. [This competition] is not a means to an end, but to building a relationship moving forward.”
The Purdue University team’s winning submission, announced on July 22, is the physical method for concentrating Salmonella to detectable levels using automated microfiltration, which could decrease sample preparation time from
FDA 2014 Food Safety Challenge Winning Team Members from left to right: Kirk Foster, Thomas Kreke, Michael Ladisch, and Amanda Deering
Dr. Rashid Bashir and Carlos Duarte presenting their biochip technology to Captain Orlandi.
Dr. Michael Ladisch presenting cell concentration technology to FDA Food Safety Challenge Demo Day audience on July 7, 2015.
24-28 hours to a range of two to three hours. Congratulations to the winning team, led by Michael Ladisch and including Eduardo Ximenes, Kirk Foster, Seockmo Ku, Amanda Deering, and Thomas Kreke.
Read more at: www.foodsafetychallenge.com
ANNUALHIGHLIGHTS
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ANNUALHIGHLIGHTS
Joseph Irudayaraj pulled the CFSE team together to write a review article on foodborne pathogen detection technologies. The article, “Nano/Micro and Spectroscopic Approaches to Food Pathogen Detection”, is featured in Volume 7 of the Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry and can be accessed at doi:10.1146/annurev-anchem-071213-020249.
Review Article Featuring CFSE Technologies
Annual USDA-CFSE Research Planning MeetingUSDA scientists traveled to Purdue to participate in the annual research planning meeting in November, 2014. In addition to research updates and planning of collaborative studies, the pathogen detection technologies were demonstrated in the Purdue laboratories, and a poster session featured ongoing work and student accomplishments.
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Scientists in the Center for Food Safety Engineering at Purdue University are teaching the next generation about microorganisms in food. CFSE faculty and students showed youngsters how to plate spinach and tests for microorganisms during Spring Fest, an annual event that draws over 30,000 people to campus to learn about science and technology.
RESEARCHPROJECTSDr. Bruce ApplegateProject TitlePhage: Development of bacteriophages for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 and other pathogenic bacteria in food
Project DescriptionBacteriophages are viruses that are only able to infect bacteria. The goal of this project is to have the bacteriophages produce and emit light when they have infected a target bacterium. The light can then be detected to rapidly identify if a harmful pathogenic bacteria, such as E. coli O157:H7, was present in a food sample.
Project HighlightThe developed technology platform exploiting the modified bacteriophage ΦV10 lux can be integrated with current FDA protocols for detection of E. coli O157:H7 in leafy greens without protocol modification.
Dr. Rashid BashirProject TitleBIOCHIP: Microfabrication of biochips able to concentrate, quantify, and detect pathogenic bacteria from food using PCR
Project DescriptionBiochips are miniature laboratories, the size of a postage stamp, that are able to perform many simultaneous functions to rapidly screen numerous samples. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a commonly used laboratory technique in which a little DNA from a target bacterium is used to generate thousands to millions of copies of the DNA sequence. These copies can then be detected using the biochips. Coupling PCR with the biochip technology results in a rapid detection method for identifying pathogenic bacteria in a food sample.
Project HighlightOur group is at the forefront of the development of field effect transistor technology having designed methods for sample preparation and a solid platform for multiplexed electrical detection with one million sensors working in parallel. This project has the potential to yield a novel detection system that quickly interrogates the presence of multiple pathogens in an inexpensive, easy-to-use, portable device.
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Drs. Arun Bhunia, J. Paul Robinson, Euiwon Bae, and Bartek RajwaProject TitleBARDOT: Development of light scattering technologies for the identification of pathogenic bacteria
Project DescriptionA laser sensor is used to instantly screen bacterial colonies on a Petri-dish for early pathogen detection. The sensor, designated BARDOT (Bacterial Rapid Detection using Optical light scattering Technology), is a noninvasive label-free detection and identification system that works by passing a laser beam through each bacterial colony present on a Petri-dish. This generates a light scatter signature that is specific to each bacterium (analogous to a human fingerprint) and enables the identification of bacterial pathogens in food samples. The BARDOT instrument has been miniaturized into a portable device that is similar in size to a sewing machine.
Project HighlightBARDOT is a user-friendly high throughput detection device that can rapidly screen food samples for the presence of harmful bacterial pathogens to enhance food safety, reduce foodborne outbreaks, and save lives.
Singh, A.K., Drolia, R., Bai, X., and Bhunia, A.K. 2015. Streptomycin Induced Stress Response in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Shows Distinct Colony Scatter Signature. PLoS ONE. (In Press)
Dr. Amanda DeeringProject TitlePlant-Pathogen Interactions
Project DescriptionFresh produce has been implicated in numerous outbreaks in recent years. This project aims to better understand the interactions between human pathogenic bacteria and plant tissues, using classical microbiological techniques and developing immunocytochemical methods to assess the ability of pathogens to persist, grow, and localize on and within plants. Understanding these interactions will help growers understand where pathogens can be introduce during growing to help develop methods of prevention that will aid in providing safe fresh produce to consumers.
Project HighlightBy better understanding how human pathogenic bacteria interact with plants, prevention methods can be developed to aid in providing safe fresh produce to consumers.
RESEARCHPROJECTS
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Dr. Joseph IrudayarajProject TitleRaman Sensor: Development of a highly sensitive enhanced Raman spectrosensor for the identification of foodborne pathogens
Project DescriptionSurface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can be used to detect bacteria in foods by identifying different spectra that are unique to each bacterium, much like fingerprint analysis. The SERS signal enhancement enables the detection of low concentrations of pathogenic bacteria in food samples. Sensitive fluorescent assays were also developed to quickly detect low numbers of pathogenic bacteria in foods.
Project HighlightTwo sensitive biosensor techniques, using Raman spectroscopy and fluorescent immunoassays, are portable and useful for rapid onsite detection of low concentrations of foodborne pathogens.
Dr. Michael LadischProject TitleC3D: Concentration of pathogenic bacteria from food samples
Project DescriptionAn important first step in pathogen detection is the ability to quickly separate the microorganisms from large food samples without harming them. The complexity of food samples makes this a particular challenge. The C3D technique combines mechanical shearing and enzyme treatments with rapid microfiltration through special membranes. After passing through the C3D, the small volume of concentrated sample contains the bacteria that were present in the initial food sample. This is important when the final detection method is only capable of analyzing small volumes, as is the case for the PCR and biochip techniques.
Project HighlightWe could think of C3D as a quick way to find a few needles in a haystack, and then be able to test the needles to find out what kind they are. Our cell concentration unit can be followed by USDA and FDA approved methods to speed the time to pathogen detection.
RESEARCHPROJECTS
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Dr. Haley OliverProject TitleVirulence Capacity
Project DescriptionThe long-term goal of this effort is to assess genetic variation and virulence capacity within Salmonella Heidelberg and Listeria monocytogenes. This work will provide insight into characteristics that make certain strains more likely to cause human disease and may help determine which should be considered higher priority for regulation and detection.
Project HighlightOver the last year, we found that Listeria monocytogenes isolates from retail deli environments have a higher likelihood to potentially cause disease when compared to isolates from retail foods, suggesting that cross-contamination from the deli environment to foods poses a significant public health risk. We have also found that some S. Heidelberg isolates related to a foodborne outbreak have enhanced heat resistance compared to non-outbreak strains, which may partially explain the large scope of the outbreak and the severity of disease associated with these strains.
Dr. Robert PruittProject TitleBacterial Community Analysis
Project DescriptionOur project uses molecular methods to validate both classical selective enrichment methods and more modern laser scatter pattern detection methods for their ability to accurately identify specific human pathogenic bacteria. These techniques are being used to characterize the complete bacterial community found on fresh produce that has been associated with foodborne illness outbreaks.
Project HighlightBy using modern DNA sequencing technology to better understand the communities of bacteria that naturally associate with plants and how those communities can sometimes be infiltrated by human pathogens, we can better understand situations that result in outbreaks of foodborne illness.
RESEARCHPROJECTS
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Dr. Manpreet SinghProject TitlePoultry Food Safety
Project DescriptionContamination of poultry may occur throughout the production chain, and important risk factors for contamination at each stage of the process need to be identified. An efficient and cost-effective risk-based control program needs to be developed to reduce the horizontal spread of Salmonella and Campylobacter at various stages of the production chain. The overall goal of this project is to evaluate rapid detection methods as an alternative to the current USDA-FSIS methods of Salmonella detection on chilled poultry carcasses.
Project HighlightIn collaboration with Dr. Bhunia’s laboratory, we are working on decreasing the time to determine prevalence of Salmonella on poultry carcasses. Validation of the BARDOT system with carcass rinse samples has been performed and compared to the tradition cultural methods followed by the USDA-FSIS. Validating the accuracy of the BARDOT with field samples is critical for the poultry industry in addition to the ability of detection methods to identify pathogens that are present in a mixed microflora.
RESEARCHPROJECTS
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Demonstration of a whole carcass rinse for determining Salmonella and Campylobacter contamination as per the USDA-FSIS guideline
SCIENTIFICPUBLICATIONSJOURNAL ARTICLES:1) Bhunia, A.K. 2014. One day to one hour: how quickly can foodborne
pathogens be detected? Future Microbiology. 9(8):935-946.
2) Cho, I-H., Bhandari, P., Patil, P., Irudayaraj, J. 2014. Membrane filter-assisted surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the rapid detection of E. coli O157:H7 in ground beef. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 64: 171-176.
3) Cho, I-H., Das, M., Bhandari, P., Irudayaraj, J. 2014. High performance immunochromatographic assay combined with surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Sensors and Actuators: B. Chemical. 213: 209-214.
4) Cho, I-H., Bhunia, A.K., Irudayaraj, J. 2015. Rapid pathogen detection by lateral-flow immunochromatographic assay with gold nanoparticle-assisted enzyme signal amplification. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 206: 60-66.
5) Cho, I-H., Mauer, L., Irudayaraj, J. 2014. In-situ fluorescent immunomagnetic detection of foodborne pathogens in very low numbers. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 57: 143-48.
6) Cho, I-H., Radadia, A. D., Farrokhzad, K., Ximenes, E., Bae, E., Singh, A. K., Oliver, H., Ladisch, M., Bhunia, A., Applegate, B., Mauer, L., Bashir, R., Irudayaraj, J. 2014. Nano/micro and spectroscopic approaches to food pathogen detection. Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry. 7:65-88.
7) Chowdhury, B., Cho, I-H., Cui, Y., Irudayaraj, J. 2014. Quantification of 5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine from the blood of cancer patients by an enzyme-based immunoassay. Analytica Chimica Acta. 852: 212-217.
8) Duarte-Guevara, C., Lai, F.L., Cheng, C.W., Reddy Jr., B., Salm, E., Swaminathan, V., Tsui, Y.K., HTuan, H.C., Kalnitsky, A., Liu, Y., Bashir, R. 2014. Enhanced biosensing resolution with foundry fabricated individually addressable dual-gated ISFETs. Analytical Chemistry. 86(16):8359-8367.
9) Duarte-Guevara, C., Swaminathan, V., Burgess, M., Reddy Jr., B., Salm, E., Liu, Y., Rodriguez-Lopez, J., Bashir, R. 2015. On-chip metal/polypyrrole quasi-reference electrodes for robust ISFET operation. Analyst. 140(10):3630-3641.
10) He, Y., Reed, S., Bhunia, A.K., Gehring, A., Nguyen, L.-H., Irwin, P.L. 2015. Rapid identification and classification of Campylobacter spp. using laser optical scattering technology. Food Microbiology. 47:28-35.
11) Josefsen, M. H., Bhunia, A.K., Olsson Engvall, E., Søndergaard, M. S. R. Hoorfar, J. 2015. Monitoring Campylobacter in the poultry production chain–From culture to genes and beyond. Journal of Microbiological Methods. 112: 118-125.
12) Kim, H., Doh, I-J., Bhunia, A.K., King, G.B., Bae, E. 2015. Scalar diffraction modeling of multispectral forward scatter patterns from bacterial colonies. Optics Express. 23(7): 8545-8554.
13) Kim, H., Singh, A.K., Bhunia, A.K., Bae, E. 2014. Laser-induced speckle scatter patterns in Bacillus colonies. Frontiers in Microbiology. 5, Article No. 537: 1-9.
14) Swaminathan, V., Reddy Jr., B., Salm, E., Dak, P., Duarte-Guevara, C., Fischer, A., Alam, M.A., Bashir, R. 2015. Electronic desalting for controlling the ionic environment in droplet-based biosensing platforms. Applied Physics Letters. 106: 053105.
15) Salm, E., Zhong, Y., Reddy Jr., B., Duarte-Guevara, C., Swaminathan, V., Liu, Y., Bashir, R. 2014. Electrical detection of nucleic acid amplification using an on-chip quasi-reference electrode and a PVC REFET. Analytical Chemistry. 86(14): 6968-6975.
16) Singh, A.K., Sun, X., Bai, X., Kim, H., Abdalhaseib, M., Bae, E., Bhunia, A.K. 2015. Label-free, non-invasive light scattering sensor for screening of Bacillus colonies. Journal of Microbiological Methods. 109:56-66.
17) Swaminathan, V., Shannon, M., Bashir, R. 2015. Enhanced sub-micron colloidal particle separation with interdigitated microelectrode arrays using mixed AC/DC dielectrophoretic scheme. Biomedical Microdevices. 17(29): 1-9.
18) Tang, Y., Kim, H., Singh, A.K., Aronnual, A., Bae, E., Rajwa, R., Fratamico, P.M., Bhunia, A.K. 2014. Light scattering sensor for direct identification of colonies of Escherichia coli serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145 and O157. PLoS ONE. 9(8): e105272.
19) Wang, J., Ray, A.J., Hammons, S.R., Oliver, H.F. 2015. Persistent and transient Listeria monocytogenes strains from retail deli environments vary in their ability to adhere and form biofilms and rarely have inlA premature stop codons. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. 12(2):151-8.
BOOK CHAPTERS:20) Bae, E., Bhunia, A.K. 2015. Chapter 6. Label-free light scattering
sensors for high throughput screening of microbes and toxins in food. In: Bhunia, A.K., Taitt, C.R., Kim, M.S., editors. High Throughput Screening for Food Safety Assessment: Biosensor Technologies, Hyperspectral Imaging and Practical Applications. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, UK. p. 149-162.
21) Bhunia, A.K., Taitt, C.R., Kim, M.S. 2015. Chapter 1. High throughput screening strategies and technology platforms for detection of pathogens in food: An Introduction. In: Bhunia, A.K., Taitt, C.R., Kim, M.S., editors. High Throughput Screening for Food Safety Assessment: Biosensor Technologies, Hyperspectral Imaging and Practical Applications. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, UK. p. 1-9.
22) Mendonca, M., Bhunia, A.K. 2015. Chapter 14. Fiber optic sensors for high throughput screening of pathogens. In: Bhunia, A.K., Taitt, C.R., Kim, M.S., editors. High Throughput Screening for Food Safety Assessment: Biosensor Technologies, Hyperspectral Imaging and Practical Applications. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge, UK. p. 249-259.
BOOK:23) Bhunia, A.K., Kim, M.S., Taitt, C.R. 2015. High throughput screening
for food safety assessment: Biosensor technologies, hyperspectral imaging and practical applications. Woodhead Publishing (Elsevier), Cambridge, UK.
PROCEEDINGS:24) Duarte-Guevara, C., Lai, F-L., Reddy Jr., B., Salm, E., Swaminathan,
V., Liu, Y.S., Bashir, R. 2015. Charge coupled pH monitoring in thin-film dual-gated ISFETs. IEEE EMBS Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine 2nd Conference. December 8-12, 2014. Oahu, HI. pdID2606.
25) Duarte-Guevara, C., Lai, F-L., Cheng, C.W., Reddy Jr., B., Salm, E., Swaminathan, V., Liu, Y.S., Bashir, R. 2014. Enhanced electrical label-free detection of pathogens through isothermal DNA amplification using true dual-gated ISFETs. Biomedical Engineering Society Annual Meeting. October 22-25, 2014. San Antonio, TX.
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26) Kim, H., King, G.B., Singh, A.K., Bae, E. 2014. Experimental verification of multispectral forward scatter phenotyping from bacterial colonies. Frontiers in Optics, October 20-22, 2014. Tucson, AZ, USA.
27) Kim, H., King, G.B., Singh, A.K., Bae, E. 2014. Understanding the multispectral forward scatter patterns by diffraction theory. Frontiers in Optics, October 20-22, 2014. Tucson, AZ, USA.
28) Niu, Y., Vemulapalli, R., and Bhunia, A.K. 2014. Immunological detection of Brucella species. International Association for Food Protection Annual Meeting. Aug. 3-6, 2014. Indianapolis, IN. Abstr. P2-39.
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WORK PRESENTED AT THE FOLLOWING:• FDA• USDA-ARS• USDA-FSIS• 2nd International Congress on Food Technology – Kusadasi, Izmir, Republic of Turkey• 11th Annual Poultry Processing Symposium – Queretaro, Mexico• American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting – San Francisco, CA• Annual Meeting of the Center for Innovative Instrumentation Technology, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign, IL• Aseptipak Europe – Warsaw, Poland• Biomedical Engineering Society Annual Meeting – San Antonio, TX• European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) 2015 – Copenhagen, Denmark• Frontiers in Optics – Tucson, AZ• Health and Disease: Science, Culture, and Policy Research Poster Session, Purdue University – West Lafayette, IN• IEEE EMBS Micro and Nanotechnology in Medicine 2nd Conference – Oahu, HI• Indiana Vegetable Growers Association• Institute of Food Technologists Annual Meeting & Food Expo – New Orleans, LA
DISSERTATION/THESIS:29) Shenoy, A. 2015. Persistence and internalization of Listeria
monocytogenes in romaine lettuce, Lactuca sativa var. longifolia [M.S. Thesis]. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University.
30) Bach, C.E. 2015. Influence and characterization of microbial contaminants associated with the FDA BAM method used to detect Listeria monocytogenes from Romaine lettuce. [M.S. Thesis]. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University.
31) Ku, S. 2015, Rapid Salmonella concentration, recovery and detection from food samples [Ph.D. Dissertation]. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University.
• International Association of Food Protection Annual Meeting – Indianapolis, IN• Izmir Institute of Technology – Izmir (Urla), Republic of Turkey• National Health Research Institute – Zhunan, Taiwan• NNEAFF Farm to Fork Symposium, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign, IL• North Central Regional Center for Rural Development (NCRCRD) at Michigan State University - East Lansing, MI• Plant Science Poster Networking Session, Purdue University – West Lafayette, IN• Purdue University Undergraduate Research Symposium – West Lafayette, IN• Rapid Detection for Food Safety. Knowledge Foundation – Bethesda, MD• Qualcomm Innovation Fellowship Finals – San Diego, CA• Quantum DX – New Castle, England• Sichuan University – Chengdu, China• Southwest University for Nationalities – Chengdu, China• Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company – Hsinchu, Taiwan• Third Annual Indiana Small Farm Conference – Danville, IN
2014-2015 CENTER FOR FOOD SAFETY ENGINEERING KEY SCIENTISTSDr. Bruce [email protected]
Dr. Euiwon [email protected]
Dr. Rashid [email protected]
Dr. Arun [email protected]
Dr. Amanda [email protected]
Dr. Joseph [email protected]
Dr. Michael [email protected]
Dr. Haley [email protected]
Dr. Robert [email protected]
Dr. Bartek [email protected]
Dr. J. Paul [email protected]
Dr. Manpreet [email protected]
Dr. Lisa MauerProfessor and [email protected]
Dr. Amanda DeeringOperations [email protected]
Or visit our website: www.cfse.purdue.edu
INFORMATIONCONTACTS
