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Cells – EnergyAerobic and Anaerobic
RespirationJill Hansen
Tammy Stundon
Gulf Coast State College Panhandle Area Educational Consortium
5230 West Highway 98 753 West Boulevard
Panama City, Florida 32401 Chipley, Florida 32428
850-769-1551 877-873-7232
www.gulfcoast.edu
Biology Partnership
(A Teacher Quality Grant)
Pre-test
Q and A Board
Due to limited content and blending with photosynthesis….
Lab Safety
LOCATION OF SAFETY EQUIPMENT IN THIS CLASSROOM
• FIRE EXTINGUISHERS (NEVER USE ON A HUMAN !!!!!)
• EYE WASH
• SHOWER
• GOGGLE CABINET WITH UV LIGHT
• FIRE BLANKET
• SAND AND ABSORBANT SUBSTANCES
• EMERGENCY CALL BUTTON ON PHONE
• EMERGENCY GAS CUTOFF
• EMERGENCY ELECTRIC CUTOFF
• EXHAUST FAN SWITCH
• APRONS
• BROOM AND DUSTPAN
• Fire drill
• Any others? Check your own classroom!
Have the class scavenger hunt with the items listed. As they find the item, mark it on their map and describe it!
FOOTWEAR—NO OPEN-TOED SHOES
USE SAFETY GOGGLES
• Kept in a goggle cabinet
• Sterilized before each lab using UV light
– Why?
• Goggles are protective eye wear NOT protective forehead wear!
GOGGLES PROTECT THE EYES FROM CHEMICALS. SOME CHEMICALS CAN BE CORROSIVE TO THE CORNEA AND CAN
CAUSE PERMANENT EYE DAMAGE. YOU NEED TO BE CAREFUL---- ESPECIALLY IF YOU WEAR CONTACT LENSES . THE CHEMICAL CAN GO UNDER THE CONTACT LENS AND
ATTACK THE EYE SURFACE
AN EYEWASH CAN BE USED IF A CHEMICAL DOES GET IN YOUR EYE. THE EYE MUST BE RINSED FOR A MINIMUM OF 15
MINUTES WITH MANY CHEMICALS
SHOWER
• Not for a fire– Why?
• For chemical spills over more than just the arms
GLOVES SHOULD BE WORN DURING SOME LABS
Which labs do you need gloves?
Are there different types?
APRONS or lab coats should be worn during some labs
LONG HAIR
• Hair should be tied back while performing a lab, especially while dealing with open flames or chemicals
No food or drink in the lab!
Never point a test tube towards another person or towards your face. Why?
FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
• A SAFE LAB?
What’s wrong with this picture?
LAB SAFETY VIOLATIONS
Test your skillsLab safety Scenario Activity
Reinforce to your class that misconduct and horse playing is NOT tolerated!Safety First
• Why safety comes first!
• Spongebob Lab safety supplement
• Lab Safety by Design exemplars
Florida Next Generation Sunshine State Standards
The Standards (3)
• SC.912.L.18.10 – Connect the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to energy transfers within a cell
• SC. 912.L.18.8 – Identify the reactants, products, and basic functions of the two stages of cellular respiration; aerobic (glycolysis) and aerobic cellular respiration
• SC.912.L.18.6 – Discuss the role of anaerobic respiration in living things and in human society
Also assesses:
SC.912.L.18.7 Identify the reactants, products, and functions of photosynthesis
SC.912.L. 18.9 Explain the interrelated nature of photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Florida Next Generation Sunshine State Standards
Prior knowledge • SC.6.L.14.4 -
• SC.8.L.18.1 Describe and know that all living things are composed of four basic categories of macromolecules and share same basic needs for life
• SC.8.L.18.2 Describe and know that living organisms acquire the energy they need for life processes through various metabolic pathways (primarily photosynthesis and cellular respiration
• SC.7.P.11.2 Investigate and describe the transformation of energy from one form to another
• SC.7.P.11.3 Cite evidence to explain that energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only changed from one form to another
• Chemical reactions in living things follow basic rules of chemistry and are usually regulated by enzymes
• The unique chemical properties of carbon and water make life on Earth possible
Florida Next Generation Sunshine State Standards
Cognitive complexity: Moderate
Benchmark Clarifications: • Students will identify the reactants, products and/or the basic
functions of aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration• Students will connect the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
to energy transfers within the cell
Content limits: • Items will not require the memorization of stages, specific
events, or intermediate molecules produced during these processes
• Items will not require the balancing of equations
Stimulus attributes: Scenarios may include chemical equations. Scenarios referring to adenosine triphosphate should use the abbreviation ATP rather than the words adenosine triphosphate
Where is energy within a molecule stored?
What are the different forms of energy?
What are the various laws of energy? Carbon molecule needs how
many bonds to be stable?
CHEMICAL energystored in plants
HEAT
Energy lost in the form of
LIGHT energy from the sun
Recall the First Law of Thermodynamics!!
Carbohydrates: C6H12O6
Glucose – the energy storing molecule for plants, animals use to make ATP
Macromolecules
Nucleic Acids: ATP
A form of potential energy stored in chemical bonds
CHEMICAL ENERGY
GlucoseC6H12O6
ENERGY
Food is a form of CHEMICAL energy!
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) AND ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE (ADP)
Symbol for ATP used in this book
Symbol for ADP used in this book
The green halo represents ATP’s potential energy.
Ribose (sugar)ENERGY
AdeninePhosphategroups
SeparatephosphategroupPhosphate groups
Ribose (sugar)
Pi
High-energybonds
Adenine
ATP ADP
ENERGY
Pi
ENERGY
ATP
ADPEnergy released from the breakdown of food
Energy todo work
ATP can be used and recycled hundreds of thousands of times!
Macromolecules continued…Proteins: Enzymes and how they work
How we get nutrients inside the cell and waste out?
Organelles: mitochondria
Sun1. PHOTOSYNETHESISPlants capture energy from the sun and store it in the chemical bonds of sugars and other food molecules.
2. CELLULAR RESPIRATION (Aerobic and Anaerobic) Plants, animals, and fungi release the energy stored in the chemical bonds of food molecules and use it as fuel.
ENERGYAll life depends upon capturing energy from the sun and converting it into a form that living things can use!
Energy is captured/stored in 3 different reactions
What is this leading up to?
The Circle of LifeRespiration and photosynthesis are dependent
on each other. The products of one are the reactants of another!
We need to recall that information to understand today’s journey….
Aerobic Cellular Respiration!!!!
Anaerobic Cellular Respiration!!
Dixie Cup Respiration
5 minutes!!
Respiration
• Two Types of Respiration
• 1. Cellular Respiration – (aerobic)
• -requires O2 and sugar is completely broken down into CO2 ATP, and H2O
• 2. Fermentation – (anaerobic)
• -No O2 is present and sugar is broken down into lactic acid
CarbondioxideHigh-energy bonds
of food moleculesare broken down, releasing energy.
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Water
+ ++
ATP
ATP
Water
Oxygen
Oxygen
Sugar
Sugar EnergyCarbon dioxide
INPUT OUTPUT
Showcasing Cellular Respiration • Balloon Respiration Activity
Many teachers take the approach of just doing demonstrations since the concepts can be difficult to understand and/or heavily supplement with worksheets. None of this is wrong! Activities with data sets can reinforce the Science of Nature. Many of the demonstrations are anaerobic!
Nevertheless, remember, application and synthesis are higher order thinking levels!
Your challenge is to make the students think! Set up labs as inquiry or argumentative driven inquiry.
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
To produce ATP - 3 main reactions
I. Glycolysis - occurs in cytoplasma
- reactant is glucose (sugar)
- an enzyme reacts with the sugar breaking it down
- product is taken to step 2
- a by-product of this reaction is 2 ATP molecules
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
II. Kreb cycle - occurs in matrix of mitochondria
- the product from glycolysis become the reactant- enzyme attaches - breaks it down- Main product is H
- By-products CO2 (fate of CO2?) and 2 ATP molecules
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
III. Electron Transport - The H that is left over in the Kreb cycle is taken to the Cristae
- Oxygen bonds with the H forming water and 32 ATP molecules
Respiration
1. Cellular respiration (aerobic)
- 3 steps
- produces 36 ATP molecules and water
2. Fermentation (anaerobic)
- Glycolysis step only
- produces 2 ATP molecules and in animals Lactic acid and in plants lots of carbon dioxide and alcohol
Respiration Manipulative
Now that you have ‘discovered’ respiration and learned about the process… showcase what YOU know!
10 minutes!!
Alcoholic Fermentation in Yeast Lab
• Effects of sucrose concentrations on the rate of alcoholic fermentation in yeast
Follow up
• Q & A • Post Test
More respiration tomorrow as we cover photosynthesis and compare the reactions!
