Cell Energy Review

PART A:

Energy, ATP, Enzymes

What is the capacity to do work?

• A. entrophy

• B. energy

• C. endergonic

• D. exergonic

What type of reaction gives off energy (heat)?

• Endergonic

• Exergonic

• Potential

• kinetic

Which law of thermodymics states energy conversions

reduce the order of the universe?

• First

• Second

• Third

• Fourth

Sum of endergonic and exergonic reactions:

• Phosphorylation

• Energy coupling

• Substrate

• Cellular metabolism

What is the study of energy transformations?

• Entrophy

• Thermodynamics

• Energy of activation

• energology

What is the name of the chemical that gives off light in fireflies?

• Emporin

• Satanerin

• Luciferin

• Lactase

What does “induced fit” mean?

• Slight change in shape of active site of an enzyme

• Slight change in cofactors

• Adding a coenzyme to fit

• Slight change in shape of substrate

What is EA?

• Entropy Area

• Energy of active sites

• Energy of activation

• Enzyme Area

Energy from an endergonic reaction is used for an

exergonic reaction is called:

• Energy of Activation

• Entropy

• Phosphorylation

• Energy coupling

Adding a phosphate to a molecule is called:

• Phosphorylation

• Phosphosizing

• Phosphating

• Phosphodoing

Which Law of Thermodynamics states the total amount of energy

in the universe is constant?

• First• Second• Third• Fourth• Four and 1/2

What does this symbol mean

in a bond? ~• Strong

• Weak

• Stable

• Unstable

How many phosphates does ATP have?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Can ADP be regenerated back to ATP?

• Yes

• No

What three different structures make up ATP?

• Phosphates-adenine-deoxyribose

• Nitrates-adenine-deoxyribose

• Phosphates-guanine-ribose

• Phosphates-adenine-ribose

What two sugars make up lactose?

• Glucose and sucrose

• Glucose and glucose

• Glucose and lactase

• Glucose and galactose

Zinc, Copper and Iron could act as:

• Cofactors

• Coenzymes

• Enzymes

• ATP

Vitamins can act as:

• Cofactors

• Coenzymes

• Enzymes

• ATP

What is the substance an enzyme acts on called?

• Inhibitor

• Substrate

• ATP

• Cofactor

Most enzymes end in:

• -ose

• -ise

• -ase

• -ize

What pH is usually best for enzymes?

pH 1-2

pH 4-5

pH 6-8

pH 10-14

Why is salt concentration and pH sometimes a problem for

enzymes?

• Denatures the enzyme

• Pokes holes in it

• Ions interfere with the chemical bond

• Burns it

What inhibitor does not enter the active site but binds to the enzyme somewhere outside the active site?

• Competitive

• Noncompetitive

• Negative

• Activator

What does penicillin do to bacteria?

• Inhibits an enzyme that makes cell walls

• Poisons the nucleus

• Hardens the capsule

• Stops its nerves

If an enzyme is an inhibitor, itself, it is called:

• Competitive inhibition

• Noncompetitive inhibition

• Negative feedback

• Energy coupling

Cells transfer energy at:

• 100% efficiency all the time

• 100% efficiency some of the time

• Never at 100% efficiency

Which is endergonic?

• Plants making glucose• Digestion breaking down

glucose• Disaccharides forming

monosaccharides• Lactose forming glucose

What is the most important type of energy for living organisms?

• Chemical

• Electrical

• Light

• Nuclear

Which is exergonic?

• Burning

• Cellular Respiration

• Light displayed by a firefly

• All of the above

Which is an enzyme?

• Carbohydrate

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

• Protein

Nonprotein helpers of enzymes are called:

• Enzyme Buddies

• Cofactors

• Coenzymes

• Couplers

An organic molecule that is a helper of enzymes is:

• Enzyme Buddy

• Cofactor

• Coenzyme

• Coupler

What is a chemical that interferes with an enzyme’s activity?

• Enhancer

• Inhibitor

• Coupler

• Metaboler

Which inhibitor resembles the enzyme’s normal substrate

and competes with the substrate for the active site?

• Negator• Competitive• Noncompetitive• Permeable