Cardiovascular System

Hematology

Cardiovascular System

Connective Tissue: Blood

Formed Elements [cells] Erythrocytes Leukocytes Platelets

Ground Substance Fiber

Composition

Plasma

Composition Function Hormone Control Problems

Plasma Proteins

Albumin Function

Blood Chemistries

Formed Elements of Blood

Blood Formation Pathways

Hematopoiesis

Pluripotent Hematopoietic Stem Cell

Bone Marrow Smear

Red Bone Marrow

Red Bone Marrow Sampling

Hematopoietic Cell Lines

Blood Use

Erythropoiesis

EPO Source and MOA

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus in Renal Cortex

Hemoglobin

Heme Group

Sickle Cell Anemia

Incomplete Dominance: SS, Ss, ss

Sickle Cell Anemia

Pernicious Anemia

Iron Deficiency Anemia

RBC Poikilocytosis

Hemoglobin Recycled

RBC Morphology and Function

Size Shape Color Number Functions

Gas Transport O2 CO2

Buffer

RBCs

RBCs

Blood Tubes

Blood Smear Prep

Cytology Stains

Hematocrit

Hematocrit Equipment

RBC Problems: Anemia

RBC Problems: Parasites

Genetic Factors for Major Blood Types

Blood Groups are due to CH20 on RBC surfaces

Co-Dominant Inheritance pattern of alleles A, B, i

Carbohydrates A allele galactosamine B allele galactose AB alleles both sugars

ABO Antigen groups

Blood Type A: Subtypes

A-1 A-2

Plasma Antibodies

Plasma Antibodies

Agglutinins & Agglutinogens

Agglutination

Blood Typing

Blood Typing Individual Results

Blood Typing Results Compared

Rh factor : D antigen

Blood Transfusion

Blood Donors and Recipients

WBCs

Leukocytes

WBC Development

Granulocytes and Agranulocytes

WBC percentages

Granulocytes

Granulocyte Formation

Granulocytes

Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils

Nucleus Granules Size Number Function

RBM: Neutrophils

Neutrophils : PMNs

Neutrophil

PMN Comparison

“Old” Neutrophils

Eosinophil ID:

Eosinophils

Eosinophils

Monocyte

Basophils

Basophil

Basophils in Animals

Mast Cells

Eosinophil and Basophil Compared

Neutrophil and Eosinophil Compared

Agranulocyte Formation

Agranulocytes

Monocytes Lymphocytes

Nucleus Cytoplasm Size Shape Number Function

Monocyte ID

Monocytes

Monocyte variations

Macrophages

WBC Cell Lines: Lymphoid

Lymphocytes

Lymphocyte

Agranulocytes Compared

WBC Summary

Diapedesis

Chemotaxis

WBC Defenses

WBC Differential

Count 100 WBC Classify based on

characteristics Compare to normal % Function of WBC Parameter changes

Stress Viral Bacterial Parasitic

WBC count

Malaria

trophozoite

Megakaryocyte

Platelet Formation

Platelets

Platelet Function

Platelet Function = Plug

Formed Element Summary

Lab Values: Hematology

Hemostasis Definition

Hemostasis Steps

Vasoconstriction Platelet Plug Coagulation Fibrinolysis

Vascular Spasm

Platelet Plug Examples

Primary Hemostasis Phases

Platelet Receptors

Coagulation Overview

Clotting Proteins

Clotting Factors

Numbered I – XII Most synthesized by

liver Inactive until activated Some factors based on

Vitamin K Ca++ required for most

activation steps Found in the plasma

Pathways

Intrinsic Extrinsic Common

Extrinsic Pathway of Coagulation

of Coagulation

Common Pathway of Coagulation

Factor X Xa Xa Prothrombin Prothrombin

Thrombin Thrombin Fibrinogen Fibrinogen Fibrin-s Fibrin-s Fibrin –i Clot stabilization

Fibrin Blood Clot

Fibrinolysis

Hemostasis Review

Coagulation Cascade

Clinical Tests and Monitoring

Blood Tests

Blood ID Practice

Summary

Immune Reactions

Other Blood Problems

Questions?