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CARDIO #9Look at page 261. What do role might this small church plays in its rural community? Satellite View of Europe

Europeans have played an important part in shaping world culture. Europes first civilizations grew up near the Mediterranean Sea. Many kingdoms and empires followed. Later, explorers and settlers carried European languages and culture around the globe. Today, people speak European languages in many parts of the world. Europeans no longer rule world empires. However, many modern ideas about rights and government grew from European experiences.Europe and Russia

Physical Geography: Location

Europe is a small continent, but many people live there. Europe is north of Africa. It is separated from Africa by the Mediterranean Sea. Europe stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to Asia in the east. The northern shores of Europe touch the Arctic Ocean.Northern, Western and Eastern HemisphereAtlantic Ocean on the WestMediterranean Sea to the South Arctic Ocean to the NorthUral Mountains to the East (separates Russia West and east)

Population:(1996) 806 million (including European Russia)

BoundariesWho is on the west of Europe? Atlantic Ocean on the WestWho is on the south of Europe?Mediterranean Sea to the South Who is on the north of Europe?Arctic Ocean to the NorthWho is on the east of Europe?Ural Mountains to the East

Main Idea Check

REGIONSUnit 4: Europe and RussiaSection 1: Physical Features

Europe has four major land regions The Northwestern Highlands cover the northern parts of France, Great Britain, and Scandinavia. The climate is severe and the soil is too thin for farming; few people live here.

2. The North European Plain extends from southern England and France to the Ural Mountains in Russia. Here there is rich soil and good farmland; the population is dense.Unit 14: Europe and Russia

3. The Central Uplands stretch across the center of southern Europe.

This region has The Alpine Mountain System is a series of mountain ranges that cross Europe from Spain to the Balkans and extend to Georgia. This area has many small farms and is a popular tourist destination.

4. the West Siberian Plain and the East Siberian Uplands. It is located beyond the Ural Mountains in Russia. This is a cold, harsh area with a scattered population.

Peninsulas in Europe: Northern

Jutland PeninsulaScandinavian Peninsula

Peninsulas in Europe: SouthernIberian PeninsulaItalian PeninsulaBalkan PeninsulaAnatoleanPeninsulaCrimeanPeninsulaMany islands and island groups also belong to Europe. Iceland, Ireland, Malta, and the United Kingdom are all island nations.Islands in Europe

IcelandUnited Kingdom IrelandMaltaWhat are the island in Europe?

IcelandIrelandMaltaUnited KingdomMain Idea Check

Bodies

of

WaterMediterranean SeaNorth SeaAtlanticOceanBaltic SeaBlackSeaAegeanSeaAdriatic SeaTyrrhenianSeaBay ofBiscayStrait ofGibraltarDardanellesStraitArcticOceanEnglish ChannelCaspianSea

Important rivers of Europe and Russia

The Rhine River begins in the Alps and stretches to the North Sea. The Rhines tributaries, smaller rivers and streams that connect to the main river, form a network of transportation corridors throughout Europe.

2. The Volga: the longest river in Europe, flows through western Russia to the Caspian Sea. The Volga and other rivers of Russia freeze during the Winter and are not navigable, that is, ships cannot travel on them.

3. The Danube begins in the mountains of Germany and flows through eight countries It is the second longest river in Europe and is navigable year-round.

The Rhine RiverThe Danube River

1770 milesThe Danube River Flows through the 12 countries of Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the Ukraine.

Where Buda & Pest Meet

Biking Along the DanubeThe Volga River The longest river in Europe --> 2,300 miles.

The Volga River The river is so polluted that the sturgeon catch has been decreased by 60%.

Capitals on the Rivers (1)Paris, right bank of the SeineLondon on the Thames

Prague on the Vltava

Budapest on the DanubeWhat are the main rivers in Europe?RhineDanubeVolga

2. Which river is the longest?Volga

Main Idea CheckCapitals on the Rivers (2)Berlin on the SpreeMoscow on the Moscow RiverRome on the TiberVienna on the Danube

Mountains rise in northern and southern Europe. A large plain covers the middle. The plain is called the Great European Plain. It runs from France in the southwest to Russias Ural Mountains in the northeast. The plain includes southeastern England. Mountains in EuropeThe AlpsCover most of Switzerland, Austria, and parts of Italy and France.

Ural Mountains: The Great Divide Divides the European and Asian sections of Russia.

1500 milesWhat are the main Mountains in Europe?

Alps mountainsUral mountains

Main Idea CheckClimate Regions

The climate varies from one part of Europe to another. Far northern Europe is always cold. Most other parts of northern and central Europe have warm summers. Winters in these parts are cool or cold. Warm ocean winds keep the climate milder in western Europe than in eastern Europe. Southern Europe has a different climate. Most countries along the Mediterranean Sea have hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. This type of weather is known as a Mediterranean climate. The conditions are good for growing grapes, olives, and citrus fruit.Section 2: Humans and the Physical EnvironmentClimate

The North European Plain

Long ago, Europe had more wild areas where animals could live. But over time, people cut down forests, and many areas have become polluted. Overhunting and overfishing have also threatened Europes animals. Europeans have set up wildlife preserves and conservation programs to protect the continents animals.

Europes Animals

Europe and Russia have a wide variety of natural resources. Fossil fuels were formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient plants and animals. They include coal, oil, and natural gas. Fossil fuels are called non-renewable resources because when they are used up, they are gone forever. Section 3: Geographic Features and Natural ResourcesMajorIndustrialResources

Other resources

oil and gas (North Sea east of England and in Siberia)

Coal is mined in Great Britain, Germany, Eastern Europe, the Ukraine, and Russia. Other European resources include copper and lead. water In Western Europe. It is used for washing and drinking, irrigating crops, and transporting goods, and as an energy source. The force of water from a waterfall or dam can spin machines called turbines. RESOURCELOCATIONCoalEurope, RussiaHydroelectricEurope, RussiaNatural gasRussiaOilEurope, RussiaUranium (for nuclear power)Russia5. The soil of the Northern European Plain is an important resource. GeographicProblems

MajorEnvironmentalDisasters& PollutionProblemsAcid Rain

Classroom Discussion Questions

What are three important nonrenewable resources?

What energy resources are found in Russia but not in Europe?CLASS WORKDraw a political map of Europe (page 592) and Label:

Countries CapitalsOceansSeasHome LearningAlbania Tirana Andorra Andorra la Vella Armenia Yerevan Austria Vienna Azerbaijan Baku Belarus Minsk BelgiumBrussels Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo Bulgaria Sofia Croatia Zagreb Study the countries and capitals43