Cambio climático, seguridad alimentaria y comercio

Nicolás J. Lucas

Director de Producciones Sostenibles

Secretaría de Gobierno de Agroindustria

Buenos Aires, Argentina. 4 de julio de 2019

Please cite this paper as:

Blandford, D. and K. Hassapoyannes (2018-08-06), “The roleof agriculture in global GHG mitigation”, OECD Food,Agriculture and Fisheries Papers, No. 112, OECD Publishing,Paris.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/da017ae2-en

OECD Food, Agriculture and FisheriesPapers No. 112

The role of agriculture inglobal GHG mitigation

David Blandford

Katharine Hassapoyannes

Contexto agro-ambiental para el comercio

1

G20 Agriculture Ministers’ Declaration 2019

Preamble

(1) Agriculture has developed along with civilization, from the ancient stone age to the

modern era of science. Now we are venturing into the age of new challenges and

opportunities for our food systems. Productivity needs to increase and distribution needs

to be more efficient, including by reducing food loss and waste, in order to achieve food

security and improve nutrition for the growing world population. This should be achieved

in a way more compatible with the sustainable management of natural resources, and

with “leaving no one behind,” as is expressed in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable

Development. Digitalization and innovation are opening up new opportunities in various

stages of agro-food value chains (FVCs), which will contribute to solving many of the

above challenges. However, in order to grasp these opportunities, the agro-food sector

needs to attract new investment in physical and human capital.

(2) We, the Agriculture Ministers of the G20, representing around 60% of the world’s

agricultural land area, and accounting for about 80% of world trade in agricultural

products in value, highlight our roles and responsibilities in enhancing sustainability of

the agro-food sector. During the discussion today in Niigata, we confirmed, building on

the outcomes in previous meetings, the importance of making the best use of our

experiences and knowledge to offer solutions for existing and emerging challenges and

to realize the full potential of the agro-food sector in achieving inclusive growth and

sustainable development.

1. Need for innovation toward sustainability of the agro-food sector

(3) We reaffirm that innovation and knowledge are critical for sustainable productivity

growth in the agro-food sector. We acknowledge the efforts of public and private sector

including farming community towards generating innovative solutions. At the same time,

we reiterate the importance of their smooth and timely adoption by producers and

stakeholders, including collaboration with non agro-food sectors, in order to maximize

their full potential in raising productivity and sustainability of the agro-food sector.

(4) We highlight the importance of encouraging innovation in agriculture, inter alia, through

the utilization and access of advanced technologies, such as Information and

Communication Technology (ICT), Artificial Intelligence (AI) and robotics among others,

in our discussion in Niigata, as it can offer a solution for a wide range of issues. We note

there is enormous potential in agriculture to gain from these technologies, including those

already utilized in other sectors. While respecting applicable legal frameworks for data

privacy we emphasize the need to set a foundation for access and use of data by all

including those on production and markets as well as with an appropriate digital

infrastructure, in order to enhance the potential of ICT and digital technology. In this

Comercio y Desarrollo Sustentable en el acuerdo Mercosur-Unión Europea

Capitulo Comercio y Desarrollo Sostenible (18 Artículos)

• Enfoque colaborativo basado en valores e intereses comunes

Comercio y Cambio Climático

• Reafirmar el compromiso con la UNFCCC y el Acuerdo de Paris, y el rol del comercio en su logro.

• Promover la contribución positiva del comercio al proceso de reducción de emisiones, el desarrollo climáticamente resiliente y la capacidad adaptativa sin amenazar la producción de alimentos.

• Cooperar en foros internacionales

Comercio y Manejo Sostenible de Bosques

• Reconocen la importancia del manejo sostenible de los bosques y el rol del comercio para lograr ese objetivo.

• Alentar comercio de productos de bosques manejados sosteniblemente de acuerdo con leyes del país de origen.

• Intercambiar información sobre iniciativas vinculadas al comercio y el manejo sostenibles de los bosques y cooperar para maximizar el impacto y el apoyo mutuo de sus respectivas políticas de interés común.

Comercio y Desarrollo Sustentable en el acuerdo Mercosur-Unión Europea

Comercio y Gestión Sostenible de Cadenas de Suministro

• Reconocen la importancia de la gestión sostenible de las cadenas de suministro mediante practicas de responsabilidad social empresaria basadas en lineamientos acordados internacionalmente.

Sub-Committee de Comercio y Desarrollo Sustentable

• Se establece un Sub-Comité sobre Comercio y Desarrollo Sostenible integrado por funcionarios senior.

Solución de controversias: Panel de Expertos

• Informe con conclusiones sobre hechos, aplicabilidad de disposiciones relevantes y la racionalidad detrás de las conclusiones o recomendaciones

• Las partes publicarán el informe

• Las partes discutirán medidas apropiadas a implementar tomando en consideración el informe y sus recomendaciones.

Nuevo contexto – nueva estrategia agro-ambiental exterior

Buenos Aires, 2019

• Mostrarnos y dar las discusiones. Mejorar la comprensión mutua y el flujo de información creíble.

• Sostener la CMNUCC y el Acuerdo de Paris como ámbitos para profundizar esta agenda.

• Mejorar la presencia de investigadores argentinos y hacerle justicia técnica al sector.

• Aprovechar el impulso para mejorar nuestro despempeño agroambiental.

• Consolidar la acción climática como una cuestión de competitividad.

Buenos Aires, 2019

Gracias