CAI 301 Unit I- HTML

CAI 301Unit I HTML BasicsINTRODUCTION TO HTMLThis language was developed by Tim Berners-Lee who was a contractor at CERN in 1990.At Geneva, Switzerland.Used to create or design web pages.INTRODUCTION TO HTMLHTML stands for HTPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE.Editor for HTML is NOTEPAD.Its extension is .html which we use whenever we need to save a new web page. HTML version which we currently used in our computers is HTML 5Other versions are HTML 2.0, 3.2, 4.0, 4.01 which were developed earlier.BASIC STRUCTURE OF HTML

EXAMPLE OF A HTML WEBPAGE

To open a web pageSave the notepad document with the filename.html.Wherever you saved the document, a icon of any web browser with the filename will be created. Opening that browser will give you the output of the web page created.TO OPEN A WEB PAGE

OUTPUT OF EXAMPLE

ELEMENTS OF A WEB PAGE

10INTRODUCTION TO A WEB PAGEA web page (HTML file) is a plain text file.

They can be prepared using any plain text editor (such as Notepad).Web page elementsA basic web page elements has four main elements:Hypertext markup languageTextGraphicsLinks.Hypertext Markup LanguageHypertext Markup Language is the code that browsers Microsoft Internet Explorer use to read a web page . A web page is Hypertext Markup language document.HTML documents are saved with the file extensions .html or .htm.When you save your web page in composer, the .html extension will be automatically added. TextText consists of headings, descriptions, direction, and information that you wish to include in your web page.Text can be added to a web page by typing directly onto the open composer page.Text can also be added by copying and pasting a word processed document onto the computer page. GraphicsWeb page graphic are image files( Photograph , Icons, Picture, Cartoons, Animation)that you can insert into your web page.Graphic files are used as backgrounds ,bullets ,page dividers etc.Web graphic files typically carry the file extension .gif or .jpg.

linksLinks (also called hypertext) are connectors.Both text and graphics can be linked.Links are usually used in three ways:Links can connect different parts of one long web page.Links can connect your web page to someone else's web page.Links can connect different pages of the same web site.A web site is simply a collection of web pages linked together. IRCInternet Relay Chat (IRC) is an application layer protocol that facilitates communication in the form of text. IRC is mainly designed for group communication in discussion forums, called channels, but also allows one-on-one communication via private messages as well as chat and data transfer, including file sharing.IRC can thus be used to facilitate communication between people within the local area network (internal communication).IRC is a line-based structure.

Clients send single-line messages to the server, receive replies to those messages.

Extensions added to major IRC is daemons.

Most IRC clients require commands to be preceded by a slash ("/"). Angle brackets ("