ByKyasama Peter [Uganda]

Steen [Denmark]

HOW UNITED NATIONS

PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS FUNCTION

Director of Mission Support/ Chief Mission of Support (DMS/CMSA)

Deputy SRSG/Deputy

HOM

Integrated Support Services

Chief of Staff

(COS)

Deputy SRSG/Resident

Coordinator

Substantive ComponentsSafety & Security

Mission Mandate

Beneficiaries

Admin Services

Special Rep of the SG or Head of Mission (SRSG/HOM)

Support Substantive

Provides services to Provides services to

Authority, Command & Control in UN Peacekeeping Operations

Security Council

Secretary-General

UN Secretariat

Head of Mission

Mission Headquaters&

Leadership Team

Components Heads

Civilian Units

Police UnitsMilitary Units

Regional Offices

Strategic

Operational

Tactical

Under-Security-General DPKO

Authority, Command & Control in UN Peacekeeping Operations

Exercises „operational

authority over all civilian,

military and police personal

in a PKO

Special Representative of

The Secretary-General

(SRSG) in multi-dimensional

PKOs (usually civilian)

May also Head of Military Component in

traditional peacekeeping operations

(a senior Military officer)

Head of Mission

Mission Headquaters&

Leadership Team

Components Heads

Civilian Units

Police UnitsMilitary Units

Regional Offices

Other Positions of Authority

Head of Military Component

(HOMC)

Head of Mission(HOM)

Head of PoliceComponent

(HOPC)

Exercise „UN Operational Control“

May delegated „UN Tactical Control“ of military personal to subordinate military commanders

May also be HOM in tradional Missions

Exercices „UN Operational Control“

May delegated specific authority for individual officers & FPUs to subordinate police officers

Normally appointed as the mission Police Commissioner (PC)

Key Civilian Authority Positions

Director or Chief of Mission Support (DMS or CMS)

- Responsible for ensuring provision of the nessary logistics and administrativ support to the mission

The Chief of Staff (COS) - performs a senior level staff and advisory function for the

HOM and the senior management of the mission- E.g. Integrated management and coordination of mission activities, policy and planning

Management Structures

Senior Management Group (SMG)

Mission Leadership Team (MLT)

SRSG / HOM

COS

DSRSG / HC / RC DSRSGHOPC HOMC DMS / CMS

Political ElectoralCivil

AffairsHuman Rights

Safety &Security

Spokesperson

LegalAffairs

Public Information

All peacekeeping personnel must have a basic understanding of

• The important contribution of each component and function within a mission

• The main tasks of the different components and functions in a mission and how/when to help each other in achieving the mandate

• The different national, institutional or professional cultures within the mission

Military Civilian

Police

The Military Component

In traditional peacekeeping operations:

- monitor or supervise military arrangements that parties to a conflict have agreed upon

In multi-dimensional peasekeeping operations:

- create a secure and stable enviroment for other elements of the peace process to be implemented

- e.g. Human rights monitoring, national reconciliation and distribution of humanitarian assistance

3 Main Categories ofMilitary Personnel in PKO

Formed MilitaryUnits or

Contingents

Military Expertson

Mission

Staff Officersin

Mission

e.g.

Companies

Battalions

Brigades

e.g.

Military Observers

Mil. Liason Officers

Military Advisior

Arms Minitors

Specialized

Functions at

Mission force HQ

or in joint mission

structures

The UN Police Component (UNPOL)

• Play a critical role in establishing public safety and preventing crimes, as well as facilitating the ROL law.

• Collaborate closely with civilian components such as human rights, judicial and civil affairs and corrections.

• Either deployed as:

Individual UNPolice Officer

Formed PoliceUnits (FPUs)or

The Civilian Components

Substantive Components:• Limited number in traditional PKOs• Many substantive components in multi-dimensional PKOs

- e.g. Political affairs, civil affairs,

human rights, gender, public information etc.

Support Components: - Provide necessary logistics

and administrative support

UN Field Mission Service Provision

Chief of StaffCOS

Human Rights

Military

Joint MilitaryCommittee Office

Role of Law

D D R

Mine Action

Joint MissionAnalysis Centre

Special Representative of the Secretary-GeneralOr Head of Mission

Deputy SRSGDeputy HOM

Civil Affairs

Deputy SRSGRes Coordinator

Office of theSpokesperson

POLICE

Political Affairs

Gender

HIV / AIDS

Electoral Affairs

Field Office

Legal Affairs Off

Laison Officer

Return, RecoveryReintegration

Protection

Publ. Information Office

Joint OperationsCentre

Mission Mandate

Beneficaries

Director of Mission SupportChief of Mission Support

AdmininstrativServices

FinanceOffice

Medical UnitProcurement

General Service Unit

Safety and Security

IntegratedSupportService

MovementControl

TransportEngineering

Joint Logistics Operations

Centre (JLOC)Communicationand Information

TechnologyCITS

Aviation SectionSupply Section

Support

Substantive

Provide Service To Provide Service To

Functions and Activities Within a Multi-dimensional

PKMissionCivilian Substantive

• Developing Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) programs with military, humanitarian, and development partners

• Electoral assistance• Gender mainstreaming• Justice and corrections• Mine action assistance• Public relations and communications• Building human rights and rule of law• Capacity building of the host country government• Support to emergence of legitimate political

institutions and participatory processes

Functions and Activities Within a Multi-dimensional

PKMissionCivilian Mission Support• Administrative services• Ensuring health and safety of mission personnel• Communications• Financial support: preparation and execution of mission

budget, paying staff and vendors• Logistical support to all components• Recruitment, training, and career development• Monitoring mission compliance with local laws an respect

for UN privileges and immunities and statusofforces or statusofmission agreement

Functions and Activities Within a Multi-dimensional

PKMissionMilitary

• Security Sector• Provision of a secure environment, through:

– O Conducting patrols– o Establishing and operating checkpoints– o Securing major routes to facilitate mobility– o Securing key facilities (hospitals, power plants,

police recruiting stations, etc.)

Functions and Activities Within a Multi-dimensional

PKMissionPolice • Restoration of rule of law• Reform of host country police services• Vetting, training, and mentoring of host country police• Providing public order and responding to public security

challenges, through:– o Static guard and close protection duties for dignitaries– o Preventive patrols and checkpoints– o Tactical support for highrisk operations– o Security for demonstrations

• Provision of executive policing (in the absence of an established national police framework)

Joint or Integrated Structures

Integrated Support Services (ISS): - Provides logistics support to all mission components

Joint Operations Centre (JLOC):

only in PKing operations with military logistics units

Joint Mission Analysis Centre (JMAC): - Assists HOM to gather and analyse information on

threats to mandate implementation

Joint Operational Centres (JOC): - Assists HOM to remain aware of operational situation in

mission area

UN PDT CIT (2009-2010) 19

Conclusion

• As you will not only work with hundreds or even thousands of people in the operation, you need not only understand your work, but also how it affects and is affected by the work of other components in the mission

• you also need to understand the authority, command and control structures which direct and guide your work as a peacekeeper.

• the task we have just done to enable you appreciate the system.