DANIEL BERNOULLI(1700-1782)

By: Dillon Short

Daniel Bernoulli; http://www1.kcn.ne.jp/~h-uchii/philsci/Images/dan_bernoulli.jpg

The Bernoulli Family:A Family of Mathematicians

Daniel Bernoulli was the second generation of the Bernoulli family of Swiss mathematicians. He was born on January 29, 1700 in Groningen, the Netherlands. Daniel Bernoulli first learned mathematics from his father, Johann Bernoulli. Johann also had an older brother, Jakob Bernoulli, who would also became a mathematician. Daniel Bernoulli died on March 17, 1782.

Johann Bernoulli(1667-1748)

Johann Bernoulli was born on July 27, 1667 in Basel and later died there on January 1, 1748. He worked in applied mathematics on such topics as astronomy, tides, and optics. In 1705, Johann succeeded his brother as the professor of mathematics at the University of Basel.

Johann Bernoulli; http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~srini/genealogy/bernoulli_johann.jpg

Jakob Bernoulli(1654-1705)

Jakob Bernoulli; http://milan.milanovic.org/math/english/bernoulli/Bernoulli_Jacob_4.jpg

Jakob Bernoulli was born on December 27, 1654 in Basel and later died there on August 16, 1705. Jakob worked at pioneering probability theory, analytic geometry, and calculus. He was a professor at the University of Basel.

Areas of StudyDaniel Bernoulli studied at multiple

universities. He studied at the University of Heidelberg, Strasbourg, and Basel. His areas of study included philosophy, logic, and medicine. Daniel Bernoulli received an M.D. degree in 1721. He wrote Exercitationes quaedam Mathematicae in 1723-1724 on differential equations and the physics of flowing water. Daniel Bernoulli was widely respected by scholars and admired by the general public.

On a side note:

Daniel Bernoulli is best known for his work on Hydrodynamica, in which he studied the properties of a liquids pressure, density, and velocity. Daniel also established the basis for the kinetic theory of gases and heat.

Contributions

In about 1738, Daniel Bernoulli’s father, Johann Bernoulli, published his own paper entitled Hydraulica. This was an attempt by Johann to obtain his own priority over Daniel.

Bernoulli PrincipleBernoulli’s Principle states that “the pressure of a fluid decreases as the speed of the fluid increases.”Low pressure results in a high speed.High pressure results in a low speed.Bernoulli’s Differential

Equation

If n=0:If

n=1:If n isn’t 0 or 1:

Lift

Bernoulli’s Principle and Lift; http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Dictionary/bernoulli/DI9.htm

Bernoulli’s Principle explains how a plane takes off. The wing of an airplane is designed so that the air (fluid) moves at a higher speed over its upper surface than its lower surface. The difference in pressure produces what we call lift. Thus, a wing with more curvature on the top surface has greater lift than a wing with flat surfaces.

The Paris Academy of SciencesBetween the years 1725 and 1749,

Daniel Bernoulli received 10 prizes from the Paris Academy of Sciences for his work on astronomy, gravity, tides, magnetism, ocean currents, and the behavior of ships at sea. Daniel also shared the 1735 prize for work on planetary orbits with his father. It is said that Johann actually kicked Daniel out of the house for obtaining a prize that he though should be his own.

References "Bernoulli." World Book Student. 2009. 19 May 2009

<http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar056920>. “Bernoulli, Daniel.” Britannica Biographies. 2008. 19 May 2009

<http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mih&AN=32403997&site=src-live>.

“Bernoulli’s Principle.” U.S. Centennial Flight Commission. 20 May 2009

<http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Dictionary/bernoulli/DI9.htm>. CliffsNotes.com. Bernoulli's Equation. 20 May 2009

<http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/CliffsReviewTopic/topicArticleId-19736,articleId-19715.html>.