Bridges

BridgesBridges

A Retrospective on a Century Old Tradition

and Rivalry

A Retrospective on a Century Old Tradition

and Rivalry

Bridging CommunitiesBridging Communities

Alternate views on either side of the Saco River from the Elm Street Bridge.

Alternate views on either side of the Saco River from the Elm Street Bridge.

Bridging CommunitiesBridging Communities

Alternate views on either side of the Saco River from the Main Street Bridge.

Alternate views on either side of the Saco River from the Main Street Bridge.

Bridging GenerationsBridging Generations Interviews with multiple generations

of participants in the battle. Interviews with multiple generations

of participants in the battle.

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Ron Ouellette: Biddeford




Mike Redmond: Biddeford






Brian Curit: Biddeford






Chuck Cote: Thornton Academy






Nick Leblond: Biddeford






Scott Descoteaux: Biddeford






Jack Morrison: Thornton Academy



Bridging TimeBridging Time The first Biddeford-Thornton Academy

football contest was played in 1893. The Biddeford-Thornton Academy Rivalry

did not become an annual event on the school’s athletic calendars until 1963.

Since that year, the school’s have staged their annual rivalry game without a break.

The following slides display the trends of results throughout the decades contextualized with world, national, and local events.

The first Biddeford-Thornton Academy football contest was played in 1893.

The Biddeford-Thornton Academy Rivalry did not become an annual event on the school’s athletic calendars until 1963.

Since that year, the school’s have staged their annual rivalry game without a break.

The following slides display the trends of results throughout the decades contextualized with world, national, and local events.

Bridging Time: The Early Years

Bridging Time: The Early Years

1893: Thornton Academy 12, Biddeford 0 1893 Thornton Academy 4, Biddeford 0 1901 Thornton Academy 4, Biddeford 0 1908 Thornton Academy 22, Biddeford 6 1909 Thornton Academy 2, Biddeford 0 1910 Biddeford 13, Thornton Academy 5 1910 Thornton Academy 13, Biddeford 5 1912 Thornton Academy 12, Biddeford 0

1893: Thornton Academy 12, Biddeford 0 1893 Thornton Academy 4, Biddeford 0 1901 Thornton Academy 4, Biddeford 0 1908 Thornton Academy 22, Biddeford 6 1909 Thornton Academy 2, Biddeford 0 1910 Biddeford 13, Thornton Academy 5 1910 Thornton Academy 13, Biddeford 5 1912 Thornton Academy 12, Biddeford 0 President Taft at Biddeford Pool

Panama Canal Constructed Pepperell Mills Weave Room Troops at Boxer Rebellion

Bridging Time: The “Roaring” Years

Bridging Time: The “Roaring” Years 1921: Thornton Academy 2, Biddeford 0

1922: Biddeford 10, Thornton Academy 0 1923: Thornton Academy 19, Biddeford 7 1927: Thornton Academy 0, Biddeford 0

(Tie) 1928: Thornton Academy 2, Biddeford 0 1929: Biddeford 6, Thornton Academy 0 1929: Thornton Academy 0, Biddeford 0 1930: Biddeford 7, Thornton Academy 0 1930: Biddeford 9, Thornton Academy 0

1921: Thornton Academy 2, Biddeford 0 1922: Biddeford 10, Thornton Academy 0 1923: Thornton Academy 19, Biddeford 7 1927: Thornton Academy 0, Biddeford 0

(Tie) 1928: Thornton Academy 2, Biddeford 0 1929: Biddeford 6, Thornton Academy 0 1929: Thornton Academy 0, Biddeford 0 1930: Biddeford 7, Thornton Academy 0 1930: Biddeford 9, Thornton Academy 0

Bibeau Bros. Groceries in Biddeford

Pepperell Square in Saco Beer Hall Putsch Defendants Flappers

Bridging Time: The Depression Years

Bridging Time: The Depression Years 1931: Thornton Academy 14, Biddeford 6

1932: Thornton Academy 13, Biddeford 4 1933: Thornton Academy 18, Biddeford 0 1934: Thornton Academy 31, Biddeford 0 1935: Thornton Academy 41, Biddeford 0 1936: Thornton Academy 7, Biddeford 0 1937: Thornton Academy 6, Biddeford 6 1938: Thornton Academy 26, Biddeford 6 1939: Thornton Academy 19, Biddeford 0 1940: Thornton Academy 39, Biddeford 0

1931: Thornton Academy 14, Biddeford 6 1932: Thornton Academy 13, Biddeford 4 1933: Thornton Academy 18, Biddeford 0 1934: Thornton Academy 31, Biddeford 0 1935: Thornton Academy 41, Biddeford 0 1936: Thornton Academy 7, Biddeford 0 1937: Thornton Academy 6, Biddeford 6 1938: Thornton Academy 26, Biddeford 6 1939: Thornton Academy 19, Biddeford 0 1940: Thornton Academy 39, Biddeford 0

CCC Sidewalk Repair in Biddeford

The Rape of NankingGone With The Wind released 1930s T. A. postcard

Bridging Time: The War Years

Bridging Time: The War Years 1941: Thornton Academy 25, Biddeford 0

1942: Thornton Academy 35, Biddeford 0 1943: Thornton Academy 6, Biddeford 0 1944: Thornton Academy 6, Biddeford 0 1945: Thornton Academy 6, Biddeford 6 (Tie) 1946: Thornton Academy 0, Biddeford 0 (Tie) 1947: Biddeford 33, Thornton Academy 0 1948: Biddeford 6, Thornton Academy 0 1949: Biddeford 7, Thornton Academy 0 1950: Thornton Academy 28, Biddeford 0

1941: Thornton Academy 25, Biddeford 0 1942: Thornton Academy 35, Biddeford 0 1943: Thornton Academy 6, Biddeford 0 1944: Thornton Academy 6, Biddeford 0 1945: Thornton Academy 6, Biddeford 6 (Tie) 1946: Thornton Academy 0, Biddeford 0 (Tie) 1947: Biddeford 33, Thornton Academy 0 1948: Biddeford 6, Thornton Academy 0 1949: Biddeford 7, Thornton Academy 0 1950: Thornton Academy 28, Biddeford 0

1949 Chinese revolution

Civil Defense helmet 1940s Ferry beach postcardRation Coupon Book

Bridging Time: The Crisis & Recovery Years

Bridging Time: The Crisis & Recovery Years 1951: Thornton Academy 37, Biddeford 13

1952: Thornton Academy 53, Biddeford 7 1953: Thornton Academy 13, Biddeford 7 1954: Thornton Academy 40, Biddeford 0 1963: Thornton Academy 20, Biddeford 0 1964: Thornton Academy 13, Biddeford 7 1965: Thornton Academy 7, Biddeford 7 (Tie) 1966: Biddeford 18, Thornton Academy 12 1967: Biddeford 12, Thornton Academy 6 1968: Thornton Academy 32, Biddeford 0

1951: Thornton Academy 37, Biddeford 13 1952: Thornton Academy 53, Biddeford 7 1953: Thornton Academy 13, Biddeford 7 1954: Thornton Academy 40, Biddeford 0 1963: Thornton Academy 20, Biddeford 0 1964: Thornton Academy 13, Biddeford 7 1965: Thornton Academy 7, Biddeford 7 (Tie) 1966: Biddeford 18, Thornton Academy 12 1967: Biddeford 12, Thornton Academy 6 1968: Thornton Academy 32, Biddeford 0 1968 Paris Revolution

Little Rock Nine 1958 Biddeford Breadline Saco’s Cascade Lounge

Bridging Time: The Gas Line Years

Bridging Time: The Gas Line Years 1969: Thornton Academy 35, Biddeford 16

1970: Biddeford 44, Thornton Academy 19 1971: Thornton Academy 14, Biddeford 14

(Tie) 1972: Biddeford 12, Thornton Academy 0 1973: Biddeford 19, Thornton Academy 13 1973: Thornton Academy 37, Biddeford 13 1974: Thornton Academy 16, Biddeford 13 1974: Thornton Academy 22, Biddeford 5 1975: Thornton Academy 21, Biddeford 0 1976: Thornton Academy 25, Biddeford 8 1977: Biddeford 8, Thornton Academy 7 1978: Thornton Academy 14, Biddeford 0 1979: Biddeford 28, Thornton Academy 7

1969: Thornton Academy 35, Biddeford 16 1970: Biddeford 44, Thornton Academy 19 1971: Thornton Academy 14, Biddeford 14

(Tie) 1972: Biddeford 12, Thornton Academy 0 1973: Biddeford 19, Thornton Academy 13 1973: Thornton Academy 37, Biddeford 13 1974: Thornton Academy 16, Biddeford 13 1974: Thornton Academy 22, Biddeford 5 1975: Thornton Academy 21, Biddeford 0 1976: Thornton Academy 25, Biddeford 8 1977: Biddeford 8, Thornton Academy 7 1978: Thornton Academy 14, Biddeford 0 1979: Biddeford 28, Thornton Academy 7

Mid 1970s Gas Lines

The Iranian Revolution Vic & Whit’s Opens in Saco

Biddeford Celebrates Bicentennial

Bridging Time: The Supply-Side Years

Bridging Time: The Supply-Side Years 1980: Biddeford 50, Thornton Academy 18

1980: Biddeford 7, Thornton Academy 0 1981: Biddeford 20, Thornton Academy 14 1982: Thornton Academy 18, Biddeford 14 1983: Thornton Academy 7, Biddeford 0 1984: Biddeford 15, Thornton Academy 6 1985: Biddeford 41, Thornton Academy 19 1986: Thornton Academy 45, Biddeford 20 1987: Biddeford 15, Thornton Academy 14 1988: Biddeford 19, Thornton Academy 14 1989: Biddeford 35, Thornton Academy 0

1980: Biddeford 50, Thornton Academy 18 1980: Biddeford 7, Thornton Academy 0 1981: Biddeford 20, Thornton Academy 14 1982: Thornton Academy 18, Biddeford 14 1983: Thornton Academy 7, Biddeford 0 1984: Biddeford 15, Thornton Academy 6 1985: Biddeford 41, Thornton Academy 19 1986: Thornton Academy 45, Biddeford 20 1987: Biddeford 15, Thornton Academy 14 1988: Biddeford 19, Thornton Academy 14 1989: Biddeford 35, Thornton Academy 0 Challenger Tragedy

Fall of Berlin Wall MERC OpensRay’s becomes Permanent

Bridging Time: The Networking Years

Bridging Time: The Networking Years 1990: Biddeford 41, Thornton Academy 13

1990: Biddeford 31, Thornton Academy 19 1991: Thornton Academy 27, Biddeford 21 1991: Biddeford 29, Thornton Academy 28 1992: Biddeford 22, Thornton Academy 21 1993: Biddeford 28, Thornton Academy 13 1994: Biddeford 10, Thornton Academy 0 1995: Biddeford 27, Thornton Academy 21 1996: Biddeford 21, Thornton Academy 14 1997: Biddeford 41, Thornton Academy 7 1998: Biddeford 43, Thornton Academy 21 1999: Biddeford 7, Thornton Academy 0

1990: Biddeford 41, Thornton Academy 13 1990: Biddeford 31, Thornton Academy 19 1991: Thornton Academy 27, Biddeford 21 1991: Biddeford 29, Thornton Academy 28 1992: Biddeford 22, Thornton Academy 21 1993: Biddeford 28, Thornton Academy 13 1994: Biddeford 10, Thornton Academy 0 1995: Biddeford 27, Thornton Academy 21 1996: Biddeford 21, Thornton Academy 14 1997: Biddeford 41, Thornton Academy 7 1998: Biddeford 43, Thornton Academy 21 1999: Biddeford 7, Thornton Academy 0

MacArthur Library Renovated

Rabin Assassinated Jerry Garcia Passed AwayFuntown Updated Attractions

Bridging Time: The Recent Years

Bridging Time: The Recent Years

2000: Thornton Academy 28, Biddeford 19 2001: Thornton Academy 32, Biddeford 3 2002: Thornton Academy 20, Biddeford 12 2003: Biddeford 47, Thornton Academy 8 2004: Thornton Academy 7, Biddeford 6 2005: Biddeford 30, Thornton Academy 7 2006: Thornton Academy 21, Biddeford 14 2007: Thornton Academy 20, Biddeford 14

(OT) 2007: Thornton Academy 28, Biddeford 6 2008: Thornton Academy 23, Biddeford 6 2009: Thornton Academy 42, Biddeford 7 2010: Biddeford 27, Thornton Academy 22 2011: Thornton Academy 34, Biddeford 0 2012: Thornton Academy 42, Biddeford 14

2000: Thornton Academy 28, Biddeford 19 2001: Thornton Academy 32, Biddeford 3 2002: Thornton Academy 20, Biddeford 12 2003: Biddeford 47, Thornton Academy 8 2004: Thornton Academy 7, Biddeford 6 2005: Biddeford 30, Thornton Academy 7 2006: Thornton Academy 21, Biddeford 14 2007: Thornton Academy 20, Biddeford 14

(OT) 2007: Thornton Academy 28, Biddeford 6 2008: Thornton Academy 23, Biddeford 6 2009: Thornton Academy 42, Biddeford 7 2010: Biddeford 27, Thornton Academy 22 2011: Thornton Academy 34, Biddeford 0 2012: Thornton Academy 42, Biddeford 14

Passenger Trains Return

Biddeford High School Renovates An Historic Election The Advent of Social Media

Bridging PlacesBridging Places

A look at the venues where the game is played and their feeling/atmosphere as a cultural reflection of the neighboring communities.

A look at the venues where the game is played and their feeling/atmosphere as a cultural reflection of the neighboring communities.Waterhouse Field in Biddeford

Hill Stadium in Saco

Waterhouse FieldWaterhouse Field Located off campus on the corner of

West Street and Wendall Ave. Waterhouse Field was constructed in

1929 with the help of Alfred L. Waterhouse and other local investors, who purchased land off West Street and built a playing field under the name of the Biddeford High School Alumni Association.

During the Great Depression, it was Waterhouse, a local hardware store worker, who provided the funds to keep the field going, including paying for lighting for night football games and for installing fencing.

Located off campus on the corner of West Street and Wendall Ave.

Waterhouse Field was constructed in 1929 with the help of Alfred L. Waterhouse and other local investors, who purchased land off West Street and built a playing field under the name of the Biddeford High School Alumni Association.

During the Great Depression, it was Waterhouse, a local hardware store worker, who provided the funds to keep the field going, including paying for lighting for night football games and for installing fencing.

Hill StadiumHill Stadium

Located on campus on Route 1/ Main St in Saco.

Opened in the early 1980s.

Named for one-time Saco physician and TA trustee…

Dr. Paul S. Hill Jr.

Located on campus on Route 1/ Main St in Saco.

Opened in the early 1980s.

Named for one-time Saco physician and TA trustee…

Dr. Paul S. Hill Jr.

Bridging the Social DivideBridging the Social Divide

A look at the perspective of each community’s students as they project on their neighbors the prevailing attitude they have toward the other.How is this attitude manifested through the performance of the “battle”?

In asking current and former students to share their perspective of their rivals across the river, the following is a sampling of quotes.

A look at the perspective of each community’s students as they project on their neighbors the prevailing attitude they have toward the other.How is this attitude manifested through the performance of the “battle”?

In asking current and former students to share their perspective of their rivals across the river, the following is a sampling of quotes.


“They’re snobs! They think they are better than us and consider us scum” Biddeford Cheerleader.

“I sense that they struggle over there, with the economy, with reputation, it seems like its always been that way, going back to the mill days.” Saco Banker

“They’re snobs! They think they are better than us and consider us scum” Biddeford Cheerleader.

“I sense that they struggle over there, with the economy, with reputation, it seems like its always been that way, going back to the mill days.” Saco Banker


“I don’t know, sometimes the whole thing was so ridiculous. Why couldn’t these people get themselves a life.” Thornton Parent

“Nothing was more important than beating them, than giving this community something to hang their hat on.” Biddeford Teacher

“I don’t know, sometimes the whole thing was so ridiculous. Why couldn’t these people get themselves a life.” Thornton Parent

“Nothing was more important than beating them, than giving this community something to hang their hat on.” Biddeford Teacher


“Back then, the noise, the uproar, I hated it. I was in school to work toward getting out of school, getting out of Saco, so I wasn’t about to concern myself with how the Golden Trojans were doing. It’s funny that I ended up right back here and now take some pride in our recent state title.” Thornton Teacher

“Growing up in this town, football was everything. Game days against TA were more nerve racking than state title games.” Biddeford Teacher

“Back then, the noise, the uproar, I hated it. I was in school to work toward getting out of school, getting out of Saco, so I wasn’t about to concern myself with how the Golden Trojans were doing. It’s funny that I ended up right back here and now take some pride in our recent state title.” Thornton Teacher

“Growing up in this town, football was everything. Game days against TA were more nerve racking than state title games.” Biddeford Teacher

Bridging AttitudesBridging Attitudes A look at the battle through the eyes

of the “other” participants, the fans, parents, students, etc.

A look at the battle through the eyes of the “other” participants, the fans, parents, students, etc.



Cathy Baillargeon TA Parent

Bridging AttitudesBridging Attitudes





Keegan Moody TA Graduate

Bridging AttitudesBridging Attitudes A look at the battle through the eyes of

the “other” participants, the fans, parents, students, etc.




Cady Toussaint: Biddeford Cheerleader

Bridging AttitudesBridging Attitudes





Pat Bolin: Biddeford Band Teacher

Bridging PerformanceBridging Performance

A look at parades, floats, bridge decorating, pre-game ritual from both sides of the river.

A look at parades, floats, bridge decorating, pre-game ritual from both sides of the river.

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Bridging HistoryBridging History

A look at the (in)famous battle that took place without football. The thwarted Labor Day KKK march from Saco into Biddeford, stopped by local bands of Irish/French immigrants at either bridge.

A look at the (in)famous battle that took place without football. The thwarted Labor Day KKK march from Saco into Biddeford, stopped by local bands of Irish/French immigrants at either bridge.

Bridging HistoryBridging History September 1. 1924: The “Battle of the

Bridge” takes place as Saco Klansmen intend to march into Biddeford.

The objects of their derision were both the French and Irish Catholic immigrant communities.

Although the Klan’s intentions proved a depolarizing event for their divergent enclaves, both Biddeford’s French and Irish stayed with their own and defended separate bridges.

September 1. 1924: The “Battle of the Bridge” takes place as Saco Klansmen intend to march into Biddeford.

The objects of their derision were both the French and Irish Catholic immigrant communities.

Although the Klan’s intentions proved a depolarizing event for their divergent enclaves, both Biddeford’s French and Irish stayed with their own and defended separate bridges.

Bridging HistoryBridging History As increasing numbers of knife-wielding

Francos who had been covering the Main Street bridge began to arrive, the Klansmen lost their enthusiasm and the parade melted away, ending the “Battle.”

One common story-the so-called “Battle of the Bridge”-holds that the Klan got as far as the middle of the Elm Street bridge to Biddeford’s Spring’s Island when it halted upon seeing the Irish with piles of “Irish confetti”. (A euphemism for bricks and stones).

As increasing numbers of knife-wielding Francos who had been covering the Main Street bridge began to arrive, the Klansmen lost their enthusiasm and the parade melted away, ending the “Battle.”

One common story-the so-called “Battle of the Bridge”-holds that the Klan got as far as the middle of the Elm Street bridge to Biddeford’s Spring’s Island when it halted upon seeing the Irish with piles of “Irish confetti”. (A euphemism for bricks and stones).

Bridging HistoryBridging History Although the following images do not

directly originate from Saco, or its Klansmen of the 1920s, they do confirm the existence of the Klan in Maine and its strong hold on the imagination of members of the dominant culture threatened by the emergence of an immigrant labor force.

As an aside, the images from the program are an heirloom belonging to a Biddeford resident, believed to have once belonged to an ancestor who resided down east.

Although the following images do not directly originate from Saco, or its Klansmen of the 1920s, they do confirm the existence of the Klan in Maine and its strong hold on the imagination of members of the dominant culture threatened by the emergence of an immigrant labor force.

As an aside, the images from the program are an heirloom belonging to a Biddeford resident, believed to have once belonged to an ancestor who resided down east.

Bridging HistoryBridging HistoryMore images reinforcing the presence of the Klan in Maine in the 1920s.

Bridging HistoryBridging History

Images from a program for a “Women of the Ku Klux Klan” rally in Portland on July 25, 1925. This reinforces the existence of the Klan locally in Maine, not far from the Biddeford/Saco area.

Contested AdversariesContested Adversaries

The opinion of opposing players toward one another.

Both at the time of engagement and through the lens of reflection.

The opinion of opposing players toward one another.

Both at the time of engagement and through the lens of reflection.


“It was a battle of the haves and the have-nots. We’re the poor guys and we beat those guys and it was a tremendous feeling.”

“I remember my senior year. We gathered at Deering Ice Cream, they gathered at a Saco establishment. There was a radio station at both facilities and we were sort of, in a polite way, sort of jabbing back and forth at each other.”

“It was a battle of the haves and the have-nots. We’re the poor guys and we beat those guys and it was a tremendous feeling.”

“I remember my senior year. We gathered at Deering Ice Cream, they gathered at a Saco establishment. There was a radio station at both facilities and we were sort of, in a polite way, sort of jabbing back and forth at each other.”


“Just this past year on my team, I had three players whose Dads played against me either as a players or a coach and they are now playing at Thornton Academy, so there is a mixture of the communities. There always has been.”

TA is the largest school, population wise, in the state of Maine. So, because of that you can always expect a battle from those guys. We’ve been competing with them since as early as third grade, the beginning of Peewees and have always respected their many athletes.

“Just this past year on my team, I had three players whose Dads played against me either as a players or a coach and they are now playing at Thornton Academy, so there is a mixture of the communities. There always has been.”

TA is the largest school, population wise, in the state of Maine. So, because of that you can always expect a battle from those guys. We’ve been competing with them since as early as third grade, the beginning of Peewees and have always respected their many athletes.

Contested AdversariesContested Adversaries “There was a general superiority kind of thing where

Thornton Academy people were considered back then as sort of economically superior and more educated and there may have been some truth to that.”

“Even when I was at Thornton Academy, I think the community of Biddeford had a greater support for their team. We all know that parents and student bodies go out to these games, but I felt even playing at Thornton that Biddeford had a greater community sense.”

“We had great respect for our opponents. No doubt Thornton Academy was a team that we did not want to lose to but at the same time we certainly respected them. Back in the day, the schools were very, very similar. Since then, TA has gone the private route and the rivalry has changed.”

“There was a general superiority kind of thing where Thornton Academy people were considered back then as sort of economically superior and more educated and there may have been some truth to that.”

“Even when I was at Thornton Academy, I think the community of Biddeford had a greater support for their team. We all know that parents and student bodies go out to these games, but I felt even playing at Thornton that Biddeford had a greater community sense.”

“We had great respect for our opponents. No doubt Thornton Academy was a team that we did not want to lose to but at the same time we certainly respected them. Back in the day, the schools were very, very similar. Since then, TA has gone the private route and the rivalry has changed.”

Bridging BattlesBridging Battles Placing meaning on the conflict. The performance of the battle simultaneously divides

and binds the two communities of Biddeford and Saco. It is a profoundly meaningful identity marker for both

communities and their schools that participate in it. Students from both schools and citizens of the towns

acquire a strengthened sense of place through performance of the battle.

A recent USA Today poll resulted in the Battle of the Bridge being named as the top high school rivalry in the state of Maine.

Regardless of the differences between the divergent towns, regardless of their real or perceived notions of one another, and regardless of the projections foisted across their divide, the communities now collectively enjoy the ownership of their shared experience.

Placing meaning on the conflict. The performance of the battle simultaneously divides

and binds the two communities of Biddeford and Saco. It is a profoundly meaningful identity marker for both

communities and their schools that participate in it. Students from both schools and citizens of the towns

acquire a strengthened sense of place through performance of the battle.

A recent USA Today poll resulted in the Battle of the Bridge being named as the top high school rivalry in the state of Maine.

Regardless of the differences between the divergent towns, regardless of their real or perceived notions of one another, and regardless of the projections foisted across their divide, the communities now collectively enjoy the ownership of their shared experience.

Image CitationsImage Citations

Slide 2: Author’s personal collection Slide 3: Author’s personal collection Slide 12: President Taft-http://www.mainememory.net Panama Canal-http://supplychainalmanac.com Pepperell Mills- http://www.mainememory.net Boxer Rebellion-http://en.wikipedia.org Slide 13: Bilbeau Bros.-http://www.mainememory.net Pepperrell Square-http://www.mainememory.net Beer Hall Putsch-http://en.wikipedia.org Flappers-http://hemingwaysparis.blogspot.com Slide 14: CCC Repair-http://www.mainememory.net Nanking-http://movies.nytimes.com Gone with the Wind-http://www.leninimports.com TA Postcard-http://www.ebay.com Slide 15: Chinese Revolution-http://www.japanfocus.org Civil Defense Helmut, Ration Coupon Book-author’s collection. Ferry Beach Postcard-http://www.ebay.com

Slide 2: Author’s personal collection Slide 3: Author’s personal collection Slide 12: President Taft-http://www.mainememory.net Panama Canal-http://supplychainalmanac.com Pepperell Mills- http://www.mainememory.net Boxer Rebellion-http://en.wikipedia.org Slide 13: Bilbeau Bros.-http://www.mainememory.net Pepperrell Square-http://www.mainememory.net Beer Hall Putsch-http://en.wikipedia.org Flappers-http://hemingwaysparis.blogspot.com Slide 14: CCC Repair-http://www.mainememory.net Nanking-http://movies.nytimes.com Gone with the Wind-http://www.leninimports.com TA Postcard-http://www.ebay.com Slide 15: Chinese Revolution-http://www.japanfocus.org Civil Defense Helmut, Ration Coupon Book-author’s collection. Ferry Beach Postcard-http://www.ebay.com


Slide 16: Paris Revolution-http://www.onthisdeity.com/13th-may-1968-–-paris-revolts

Little Rock Nine-http://imagine-yesterday.blogspot.com Biddeford Bread Line-http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm Boxer Rebellion-http://en.wikipedia.org Slide 17: Bilbeau Bros.-http://www.mainememory.net Pepperrell Square-http://www.mainememory.net Beer Hall Putsch-http://en.wikipedia.org Flappers-http://hemingwaysparis.blogspot.com Slide 18: CCC Repair-http://www.mainememory.net Nanking-http://movies.nytimes.com Gone with the Wind-http://www.leninimports.com TA Postcard-http://www.ebay.com Slide 19: Chinese Revolution-http://www.japanfocus.org Civil Defense Helmut, Ration Coupon Book-author’s collection. Ferry Beach Postcard-http://www.ebay.com Slide 20: Amtrak-http://www.city-data.com BHS Rennovation-http://www.keepmecurrent.com Obama/McCain-http://www.votetruth08.com Social Media-http://www.ideaover10.com

Slide 16: Paris Revolution-http://www.onthisdeity.com/13th-may-1968-–-paris-revolts

Little Rock Nine-http://imagine-yesterday.blogspot.com Biddeford Bread Line-http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm Boxer Rebellion-http://en.wikipedia.org Slide 17: Bilbeau Bros.-http://www.mainememory.net Pepperrell Square-http://www.mainememory.net Beer Hall Putsch-http://en.wikipedia.org Flappers-http://hemingwaysparis.blogspot.com Slide 18: CCC Repair-http://www.mainememory.net Nanking-http://movies.nytimes.com Gone with the Wind-http://www.leninimports.com TA Postcard-http://www.ebay.com Slide 19: Chinese Revolution-http://www.japanfocus.org Civil Defense Helmut, Ration Coupon Book-author’s collection. Ferry Beach Postcard-http://www.ebay.com Slide 20: Amtrak-http://www.city-data.com BHS Rennovation-http://www.keepmecurrent.com Obama/McCain-http://www.votetruth08.com Social Media-http://www.ideaover10.com


Slide 21: Waterhouse Field-http://www.leaguelineup.com/ Hill Stadium-http://www.leaguelineup.com Slide 22: Tiger Pride-http://www.johnpineauphotography.com

Text from-http://www.keepmecurrent.com Slide 23: Hill Stadium Sign-http://www.nevco.com Slides 34-36: Excerpts takes from Downs, Cities on the Saco Slide 37: All images- www.mainememory.net Slide 38: All images-author’s personal collection.

Slide 21: Waterhouse Field-http://www.leaguelineup.com/ Hill Stadium-http://www.leaguelineup.com Slide 22: Tiger Pride-http://www.johnpineauphotography.com

Text from-http://www.keepmecurrent.com Slide 23: Hill Stadium Sign-http://www.nevco.com Slides 34-36: Excerpts takes from Downs, Cities on the Saco Slide 37: All images- www.mainememory.net Slide 38: All images-author’s personal collection.

Documents

Bridges