Introduction and Overview of

Basics of GIS for 9-1-1

Rolf Preuss, ENP, FPEM

Project Manager Essential Management Solutions

A bit of Housekeeping

• Building Exits

• Restrooms

• Vending machines

• Please silence your phones

• If you need to take a call, please take it outside the room

Essential Management Solutions, LLC Essential Management Solutions, LLC (EMS) was founded in 2005 and is a Government and Public Safety Consultancy working with Federal, State, County and local agencies.

Our staff has extensive experience in regional shared projects, planning, design, integration, and management of emergency communications systems and technology solutions.

SOLID STRATEGIES—LASTING SOLUTIONS

• Software Solutions • Regionalization of 9-1-1 Service and Technology • Enhanced 9-1-1 System Development and Wireless Accuracy Testing • E9-1-1 Strategic Planning Fiscal Support and Grant Management • Systems and Network Security Assessment • Next Generation Network Design

Introduction and Overview of

Basics of GIS for 9-1-1

• 9-1-1 Systems and Technology • Emergency Service Zones/Numbers • What the 9-1-1 Operator really sees • GIS Data needed for 9-1-1 • Potential issues and how to avoid them

9-1-1 Systems and Technology

Today, a typical 9-1-1 system can receive: • Wireline calls • Wireless calls • Voice over IP (VoIP) Calls • Texts to 9-1-1 (T-2-911)

A typical 9-1-1 systems cannot receive: • Multimedia Messages (MMS)

9-1-1 Systems and Technology

9-1-1 Systems were designed to work with this .

9-1-1 Systems and Technology

Systems soon had to be extensively modified

9-1-1 Systems and Technology

And technology continued to evolve…

9-1-1 Systems and Technology

With new technologies continuously added

9-1-1 Systems and Technology

How do 9-1-1 systems keep pace?

Emergency Service Zones / Emergency Service Numbers

A very simplified example

Road Centerlines

Community Boundary

Public Safety Infrastructure

Hospital

Hospital

Public Safety Infrastructure

Fire Stations

Fire Station 1

Fire Station 2

Public Safety Infrastructure

Police Stations

Police Station 1

Police Station 2

Police Station 3

Combined Response Zones

Hospital Fire Station 1

Fire Station 2

Police Station 1

Police Station 2

Police Station 3

Combined Response Zones

Hospital Fire Station 1

Fire Station 2

Police Station 1

Police Station 2

Police Station 3

Zone 1

Zone 2

Zone 3

Zone 4

Hospital

Fire Station 1

Police Station 1

Zone 1

Zone 2

Zone 3

Zone 4

Hospital

Fire Station 1

Police Station 2

Hospital

Fire Station 2

Police Station 1

Hospital

Fire Station 2

Police Station 3

Combined Response Zones Emergency Services Zones

ESZ (Emergency Service Zone)

A geographical area that represents a unique combination of emergency service agencies (e.g., Law Enforcement, Fire and Emergency Medical Service) that are within a specified 9-1-1 governing authority's jurisdiction.

An ESZ can be represented by an Emergency Service Number (ESN) to identify the ESZ.

Source: NENA Wiki

ESN (Emergency Service Number)

A 3-5 digit number that represents one or more Emergency Service Zones (ESZs).

An ESN is defined as one of two types: Administrative ESN and Routing ESN (Refer to definitions elsewhere in this document.)

Source: NENA Wiki

Emergency Services Numbers

Hospital

Fire Station 1

Police Station 1

Hospital

Fire Station 1

Police Station 2

Hospital

Fire Station 2

Police Station 1

Hospital

Fire Station 2

Police Station 3

ESN 111

ESN 211

ESN 321

ESN 121

Emergency Service Numbers

Zone 1 (Response 1-1-1) –> ESN 111 Zone 2 (Response 2-1-1 ) –> ESN 211 Zone 3 (Response 3-2-1 ) –> ESN 321 Zone 4 (Response 1-2-1 ) –> ESN 121

Hospital

Fire Station 1

Police Station 1

Zone 1

Zone 2

Zone 3

Zone 4

Hospital

Fire Station 1

Police Station 2

Hospital

Fire Station 2

Police Station 1

Hospital

Fire Station 2

Police Station 3

In real life, consecutive numbers are assigned based on a given starting number: 285, 286, 287, 288, etc.

Source: Berkeley County Fire Service Board – Five Year Strategic Plan

What the 9-1-1 Operator really sees

289 (904) 555-8669 21:48 07/30 807 HIBERNIA FOREST DR FLEMING ISLAND FL 201 RESD MARTINEZ, REGINA - - P# 555-8669 ALT# LEC:ATTIS CLAY COUNTY SHERIFF CLAY COUNTY FIRE CLAY COUNTY RESCUE

289 (904) 555-8669 21:48 07/30 807 HIBERNIA FOREST DR FLEMING ISLAND RESD MARTINEZ, REGINA - - P# 555-8669 ALT# LEC:ATTIS CLAY COUNTY SHERIFF CLAY COUNTY FIRE CLAY COUNTY RESCUE

Wireline Calls

232 (904) 555-1460 15:13 07/28 1464 PARK AV ORANGE PARK FL 202 BUSN SAM'S SENSATIONAL SEAFOOD - - P# 555-1460 ALT# LEC:BELSO ORANGE PARK POLICE ORANGE PARK FIRE CLAY COUNTY RESCUE

232 (904) 555-1460 15:13 07/28 1464 PARK AV ORANGE PARK BUSN SAM'S SENSATIONAL SEAFOOD - - P# 555-1460 ALT# LEC:BELSO ORANGE PARK POLICE ORANGE PARK FIRE CLAY COUNTY RESCUE

Wireline Calls

289 (904) 555-0009 21:11 07/29 622 FILMORE ST APT 2D ORANGE PARK FL 989 VOIP PAYNE, CHARLES 904-555-3223 P# 555-0009 ALT#9045553223 LEC:CMCST VOIP 9-1-1 CALLER QERY FOR LOCATION QUERY JURISDICTION

289 (904) 555-0009 21:11 07/29 622 FILMORE ST APT 2D ORANGE PARK VOIP PAYNE, CHARLES

P# 555-0009 ALT#9045553223 LEC:CMCST VOIP 9-1-1 CALLER QUERY FOR LOCATION QUERY JURISDICTION

VoIP Calls

290 (904) 555-5905 21:33 07/31 1003 BLANDING BLVD - SE SECTOR ORANGE PARK FL 0201 WRLS SPRINT (904) 555-5905 P# 555-9924 ALT# LEC:SPPCS VERIFY WIRELESS CALLER -081.754782 +030.125220

290 (904) 555-5905 21:33 07/31 1003 BLANDING BLVD - SE SECTOR ORANGE PARK WRLS SPRINT (904) 555-5905 P# 555-9924 ALT# LEC:SPPCS VERIFY WIRELESS CALLER -081.754782 +030.125220

Wireless Calls

289 (352) 555-1868 21:29 07/31 714 NIGHTINGALE ST - NE KEYSTONE HEIGHTS FL 201 WPH2 VERIZON (352) 555-1868 P# 555-0885 ALT# LEC:VZW VERIFY WIRELESS CALLER -082.020878 +29.791027

289 (352) 555-1868 21:29 07/31 714 NIGHTINGALE ST KEYSTONE HEIGHTS WPH2 VERIZON (352) 555-1868 P# 555-0885 ALT# LEC:VZW VERIFY WIRELESS CALLER -082.020878 +29.791027

Wireless Calls

Wireline Calls

Wireline 9-1-1 calls have address information attached:

• When service is established, customer address information is added to provider databases

• Information is shared with emergency services (904) 555-1460 15:13 07/28 1464 PARK AV ORANGE PARK BUSN SAM'S SENSATIONAL SEAFOOD

ALT# LEC:BELSO ORANGE PARK POLICE ORANGE PARK FIRE CLAY COUNTY RESCUE

Wireline Calls

GIS technology is utilized after a wireline 9-1-1 call is received in the Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP)

Caller’s location is determined by PSAP personnel mainly through:

• Questioning the Caller • Mapping System

Wireline Calls

GIS data needed to plot Wireline 9-1-1 calls:

• Road Centerlines

• Community Boundaries

• Emergency Services Zones

Wireline Calls

Optional GIS data to plot Wireline 9-1-1 calls:

• Road Segments • Parcel Boundaries • Address Points

Voice over Internet Protocol Calls

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) 9-1-1 calls have address location information attached:

• The location accuracy relies on customer input during device registration with the service provider

(904) 555-0009 21:11 07/29 622 FILMORE ST APT 2D ORANGE PARK VOIP PAYNE, CHARLES

LEC:CMCST VOIP 9-1-1 CALLER QUERY FOR LOCATION QUERY JURISDICTION

Wireless Calls

Wireless 9-1-1 calls have x/y location information attached:

• Location can be of cell tower/sector site (also called Wireless Phase 1)

–> Accuracy levels can vary significantly (904) 555-5905 21:33 07/31 1003 BLANDING BLVD - SE SECTOR ORANGE PARK WRLS (904) 555-5905

LEC:SPPCS VERIFY WIRELESS CALLER -081.754782 +030.125220

Wireless Calls

Wireless 9-1-1 calls have x/y location information attached:

• Location can be an approximation of caller’s actual location (125 meters - 67% of the time) (also called Wireless Phase 2)

–> Accuracy levels can vary significantly (352) 555-1868 21:29 07/31 NIGHTINGALE ST KEYSTONE HEIGHTS WPH2 (352) 555-1868

LEC:VZW VERIFY WIRELESS CALLER -082.020878 +29.791027

Wireless Calls

GIS data needed to plot Wireless 9-1-1 calls (in addition to previous data):

• Cell Tower Locations • Cell Sector Orientation • Cell Sector Areas • Cell Sector Center Points (Centroids)

000

120 240

When providing location information for a 9-1-1 call, wireless providers may deliver: •Tower Location (“x/y”) •Sector Orientation (“abc” or “123”) •Sector Centroid (“x/y”) •Caller’s actual (estimated) Location (“x/y”)

SW or 240

Text to 9-1-1

Currently adopted by public safety agencies

Text to 9-1-1 calls have x/y location information attached:

• Accuracy is not nearly as accurate as Wireless Phase 2 location accuracy

• ‘Commercial location accuracy’, similar to Wireless Phase 1 location accuracy

What other data will help?

• Ceremonial or Honorary Street Names • Structure shapes, Building information • Parks, Golf Courses • Mile Markers, Boat Ramps and Beach Access • Common Points of Reference • Oblique or Ortho Aerials • Subdivisions • Zip Codes • Schools

Potential issues and how to avoid them

• Around 4:00 am a newspaper delivery woman drove into a residential retaining pond

• The 9-1-1 operator could not locate her (even though she provided her location)

• “Give me the address one more time. It’s not working.” … “I don’t have that.”

• She was trapped 100 yards from the county line and the call was picked up by a tower in the neighboring county

Potential issues and how to avoid them

How can we avoid these issues?

• Improved training of call takers • Improved information for call takers

–> Most accurate data available –> Location data from adjoining jurisdictions

a. Small buffer of a few miles b. Complete data set

Where do we go from here? • Try to maintain accurate data • Get to know your users • Get to know your neighbors • Organize data exchange • Plan regional meetings • Facilitate exchange of information • Join industry trade groups/attend meetings • Talk to the “dinosaurs”

Introduction and Overview of

Basics of GIS for 9-1-1

• 9-1-1 Systems and Technology • Emergency Service Zones/Numbers • What the 9-1-1 Operator really sees • GIS Data needed for 9-1-1 • Potential issues and how to avoid them

Time for Questions

References

• National Emergency Number Association (NENA) – Standards/Resources http://www.nena.org/?page=Standards

• NENA Wiki http://netorange.com/nena-reference

• ESRI ArcGIS Resources http://resources.arcgis.com/en/home/

• ESRI Support – Knowledge Base/Community/Downloads http://support.esri.com/en

Thank you

Rolf Preuss

Essential Management Solutions 407-205-4603 rdp@emsolutionsllc.net

EMSolutionsllc.net